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1.
塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系测井层序地层学研究 总被引：26，自引：4，他引：22
在岩心刻度测井资料的基础上,综合应用常规测井、能谱测井、倾角测井和成象测井资料,建立塔中地区志留系沉积微相测井解释模型。塔中地区志留系以碎屑潮坪沉积为主,可分为潮下砂坪、潮道、潮间混合坪、潮上泥坪微相。志留系中可识别出４个测井层序边界,划分为３个测井层序,每个层序由海侵体系域和高水位体系域组成。测井层序对比和古水流统计分析表明,志留纪海水自ＮＷ向ＳＥ侵入,具有双向水流特征。沉积相的叠置和横向分布受海平面相对变化速率和可容空间的控制。 相似文献
2.
通过对贵州盘县上二叠统钻井资料的研究分析,基于沉积岩石学、沉积学、古生物地史学及沉积地球化学等相标志识别出潮坪沉积以陆源碎屑沉积为主,可细分为砂坪、混合坪、泥坪、泥炭坪和潮沟等5种微相。分析认为:潮坪沉积发育海退型进积层序,沉积物粒度整体较细,分选性较好,发育潮汐层理;混合坪、泥坪、泥炭坪微相泥岩中V/(V+Ni)、Sr/Ba、U/Th、V/Cr、Ni/Co、Ceanom等地球化学参数指示了各微相沉积水体的缺氧-贫氧-氧化状态、贫氧-氧化状态和还原-贫氧-缺氧-氧化状态,与地质背景吻合性好。 相似文献
3.
根据成因地层分析和沉积环境分析的方法,在永城煤田石炭二叠纪煤系识别出三种沉积体系、11个生长层序。重点分析了陆表海潮下碳酸盐岩沉积和碎屑潮坪沉积特征,认为灰岩在微观特征、微相类型上由上而下的有规律变化,符合向上变浅的缓坡型陆表海沉积模式。潮坪沉积物以潮道发育、砂泥混合坪标志明显为特征。三角洲则表现为浅水沉积性质。有价值的煤层形成于废弃碎屑潮坪泥炭沼泽和下三角洲平原泥炭沼泽。泥炭沼泽几乎不受咸水和活动碎屑体系的影响是主要煤层低硫低灰的原因。 相似文献
4.
塔里木盆地塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组下沥青砂岩段沉积相分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组下沥青砂岩段是塔里木盆地古生界碎屑岩层系油气主要富集层段之一。以钻井岩心观察描述为基础,结合测井、地震和分析测试资料进行综合分析,提出了塔中地区志留系下沥青砂岩段发育海侵背景下的滨岸-潮坪-辫状河三角洲沉积体系的观点。其中滨岸相沉积中主要发育上临滨和下临滨沉积微相,岩性以细砂岩、粉砂岩、含砾不等粒砂岩为主;潮坪沉积相中障壁砂坝、潮砂滩、潮汐水道、砂坪沉积微相发育,潮道沉积的岩性以砂岩、粗砂岩和含砾砂岩为主,发育楔形、板状和羽状交错层理,底部见侵蚀冲刷面和较多黄铁矿团块;辫状河三角洲中发育辫状河水下分流河道、分流间湾、前缘席状砂等沉积微相。海侵时期,下沥青砂岩段存在4期超覆砂体,从盆地中部向南部的塔中低隆逐期超覆,沉积微相在平面上也由此存在着复合超覆规律的演变,整体表现为滨岸相至潮坪相、辫状河三角洲沉积相沉积的演变。4期超覆沉积微相的平面分布在控制因素、展布范围和海侵方向上具有一定的继承性、相似性和规律性。 相似文献
5.
塔中地区志留系自下而上包括柯坪塔格组(下沥青砂岩段、灰色泥岩段、上沥青砂岩段)、塔塔埃尔塔格组（红色泥岩段和砂泥岩段）、依木干他乌组。通过对塔中地区志留系钻井岩心观察和盆地西北部阿克苏、柯坪、巴楚等地露头剖面的观察,塔中地区志留系下沥青砂岩段岩石类型主要为绿灰色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩、泥质粉砂岩、粉砂岩、极细砂岩和细砂岩,部分井发育中细砂岩和中砂岩,砂岩层中常见大量撕裂状泥砾和黄铁矿,发育水平纹理、平行层理、低角度交错层理和楔状交错层理,在露头剖面中可见槽状交错层理。发育的主要沉积相类型为前滨-临滨、浅海陆棚、受风暴影响的浅海砂坝或潮汐砂脊等。在部分井的志留系底部还可见砂砾岩沉积,砾石磨圆较好,砾石成分为石英岩、燧石、泥砾、砂岩砾及其它变质岩砾,向上过渡为中粗砂岩和中细砂岩,发育板状和槽状交错层理,具向上变细的粒序结构,具河流相沉积特征,如塔中30、塔中161井的志留系底部。总体认为塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组下沥青砂岩段为无障壁滨线-陆棚为主的沉积体系,具有海侵背景下受风暴控制的滨线－陆棚沉积模式, 随海侵发展形成宽度几十公里以上的滨线－陆棚砂岩沉积体,垂向上为滨岸砂到陆棚砂的演化序列。上沥青砂岩段以潮坪沉积为主,并有部分前滨和临滨沉积,横向相变,垂向交互叠置,在砂体发育程度和规模上较下沥青砂岩段差。根据岩心物性和测井物性分析,浅海陆棚沙坝和滨岸沙坝砂岩储集性好于潮坪相砂岩。 相似文献
6.
滨岸相混控碎屑岩沉积体系是指发育在滨岸带，受河流、波浪和潮汐混合水动力作用产生的复合碎屑岩沉积体系。受区域构造、物源、古地貌、海平面变化和滨岸水动力控制，塔里木盆地沙雅隆起区在志留纪—泥盆纪—石炭纪时期发育了辫状河三角洲、潮汐和波浪作用相互交替的滨岸相碎屑岩复合沉积体系。本文基于野外露头、钻井和测井等资料，开展了沙雅隆起区志留系—石炭系沉积层序、沉积相和沉积模式的综合研究，建立复合沉积体系的沉积学模式，包括：① 志留系—泥盆系的浪控- 潮控海湾沉积体系；② 下石炭统巴楚组的台地- 蒸发潟湖- 潮坪沉积体系；③ 下石炭统卡拉沙依组的河控- 浪控- 潮控三角洲沉积体系。下志留统柯坪塔格组滨岸滩坝和潮坪砂体、上泥盆统东河塘组冲积平原、海湾滩坝砂体和下石炭统卡拉沙依组辫状河三角洲砂体在塔北地区大面积分布，其冲积平原、三角洲前缘、水下分流河道砂体被后期潮汐和波浪作用改造后，形成潮汐水道砂体、河口坝砂体和滨岸滩坝砂体，物性条件明显改善，有利于形成优质储层区带。目前，滨岸混合水动力碎屑岩沉积体系已获得重大油气勘探突破，其沉积学模式可为塔北地区古生界碎屑岩油气勘探提供理论基础。 相似文献
7.
安徽两淮煤田二叠纪含煤岩系广泛发育有多重堡岛沉积体系,它是在陆表海基础上或由陆表海演化而来的。与一般堡岛体系不同点是:堡岛在平面上多重分布,在垂向上相互交替;由陆向海,堡岛规模、密集程度、砂岩结构与成分成熟度、地球化学特征存在明显的方向性变化;潮坪极为发育,潮汐流是重要的水动力条件;聚煤作用在广阔的泥炭坪与泥炭沼泽上发生,成为该区除三角洲聚煤模式之外另一个重要的聚煤模式。 相似文献
8.
基于淮南煤田新集井田1001钻孔石炭-二叠系太原组、二叠系山西组和下石盒子组岩心观测和样品采集,通过显微镜下鉴定、粒度分析和X射线衍射矿物成分分析,研究淮南煤田含煤岩系沉积相类型特征与演化。结果表明:研究区晚石炭纪早期,海水进退频繁,发育障壁海岸和潮坪沉积体系,泥坪和混合坪微相与局限潮下坪微相共生,总体上发生3次海侵事件,代表陆表海的充填阶段;早二叠世早期,海平面下降,山西组发育三角洲前缘沉积相,远砂坝、河口砂坝、水下分流河道、水下天然堤及分流间湾微相共生,海陆过渡三角洲相在破坏中不断进积;早二叠世末期,下石盒子组发育三角洲平原沉积体系,分流河道、天然堤、泥炭沼泽及分流间洼地微相共生,研究区进入陆相三角洲沉积阶段。 相似文献
9.
顺托果勒低隆起志留系柯坪塔格组下段发育一套海相碎屑岩建造,是塔里木盆地一个重要的油气勘探目标及远景层位,顺9井志留系柯坪塔格组下段加砂压裂获得了低产油流,展示良好的油气勘探前景,但前人对该套含油层系沉积相类型及砂体成因认识存在巨大分歧,导致对砂体分布的刻画存在不足及盲目,制约勘探部署进程。笔者综合利用钻井岩心、测井、地震、测试分析等资料,结合沉积背景分析,对塔里木盆地顺9井区志留系柯坪塔格组下段沉积相类型及其分布进行研究,综合研究认为:顺9井区柯坪塔格组下段为以潮下带-过渡带为主的碎屑岩海岸沉积,含油砂岩段下部泥岩为浅海陆棚泥沉积;顺9井区柯坪塔格组下段含油砂岩段主要位于潮坪-浅海陆棚沉积环境的潮下带-过渡带位置,微相类型包括潮汐水道、潮汐砂坝、泥坪、陆棚砂、风暴砂体、陆架泥;储层砂体主要为潮汐水道、潮汐沙坝复合砂体,顺9及其顺903井区是有利砂体分布带。 相似文献
10.
综合利用钻井、测井资料,结合邻区露头调查,深入分析鄂尔多斯盆地东南部天然气主要勘探层系石炭系本溪组沉积微相及其砂体分布特征,认为鄂尔多斯盆地东南部本溪组主要发育障壁海岸沉积体系及陆棚沉积体系,并进一步划分出砂坪、混合坪、泥坪、泥灰坪、障壁砂坝、泻湖泥、泥质陆棚7种沉积微相;障壁砂坝及砂坪砂体是天然气储集的骨架砂体,其发育完全受控于沉积相带的展布;本溪组主要产气层"晋祠砂岩"为障壁砂坝及潮汐砂坪成因,障壁主砂坝呈北北东—南南西展布;小砂坝则零星分布,砂坪呈北北西—南南东展布,2类砂体发育区是本溪组天然气勘探有利目标区。 相似文献
11.
Sourav Saha Anupam Ghosh Santanu Banerjee Pratul K. Saraswati Stuart D. Burley 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2011,77(5):409-418
This study highlights lithofacies and biofacies characteristics of the open coast tidal flat near Daman on the eastern flank
of Gulf of Khambhat. Sedimentological and biological observation record six facies within the tidal flat area including older
beach, beach face, sand flat, mud flat/mixed flat, sand bar and beach rock. Distinct sedimentary structures, foraminiferal
assemblage and bioturbation intensity characterize each facies. A wide variety of wave and current generated sedimentary features
characterize the sand flat facies. Semiconsolidated sands of older beach running parallel the coastline at a level higher
than the present beach face possibly records the latest sea level highstand. The beach rock reflects early cementation of
sands in tropical environments. Foraminifera are widely distributed in sand flats, mixed flats and mud flats and grouped into
two biofacies — Ammonia-Elphidium-Quinqueloculina biofacies (sand flat and mixed flat) and Trochammina-Miliammina biofacies (mud flats). The beach face and sand bar facies contain forminifera reworked from sand flat and mud/mixed flat.
Seasonal variation in depositional style is marked by deposition of fresh mud deposited over large areas of the intertidal
flat during monsoon time, most of which is washed away by waves and current actions well before the onset of the next monsoon. 相似文献
12.
Zohreh NOWROUZI Asadollah MAHBOUBI Reza MOUSSAVI-HARAMI Mohammad Hossein MAHMUDY GHARAIE Farzin GHAEMI 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(4):1276-1295
Two sections from the Silurian deposits in the Central Iran Micro and Turan Plates were measured and sampled. These deposits are mostly composed of submarine volcanic rocks, skeletal and non-skeletal limestone, shale and sandstone that were deposited in low to high energy conditions (from tidal flat to deep open marine). According to gradual deepening trend, wide lateral distribution of facies as well as absence of resedimentation deposits, a depositional model of a homoclinal ramp was proposed for these deposits. Field observations and facies distribution indicate that, two depositional sequences were recognized in both sections. These sections show similarities in facies and depositional sequence during the Early Silurian in the area. Although there are some opinions and evidences that demonstrated Paleo-Tethys rifting phase started at the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian, similarities suggest that the Turan and Iran Plates were not completely detached tectonic block during this time, and that their depositional conditions were affected by global sea level changes and tectonic events. 相似文献
13.
陕甘宁地区位于华北地台西部,处于东西构造域的交接部位,是我国重要的含煤、油气区之一。受不同构造背景、海平面升降、沉积物供给等影响,其晚古生代沉积体系类型多样。通过对露头、岩心、测井响应及编图等分析研究,区分出了碳酸盐台地、障壁岛－湖潮坪、潮道－湖潮坪、河控三角洲、扇三角洲、河流、冲积扇、湖泊等沉积类型,阐明了各自的沉积特征。晚古生代沉积体系展布、充填演化与南北两侧的兴蒙海槽和秦祁海槽的构造活动密切相关：晚石炭世西缘拗拉槽重新复活,形成以潮道－湖潮坪沉积为主的海湾充填,充填受基底和盆缘断裂控制;早二叠世东西部海水汇合,本区统一于华北陆表海中,形成碳酸盐台地、障壁岛、浅水三角洲交互的含煤沉积;中二叠世至晚二叠世早期陆表海萎缩,本区演变为近海内陆坳陷充填,形成冲积扇、河流、三角洲、湖泊沉积;晚二叠世晚期陆表海消亡,本区转化为内陆坳陷,形成以湖泊沉积为主的河湖充填。砂储层发育取决于沉积环境,空间展布受控于古构造机制。 相似文献
14.
东濮凹陷老第三系沙河街组有八类痕迹化石组合：①Cylindricum Scoyenia,②Ancorichnus Cylindricum,③Tigillites A型植物根迹,④Ophiomorpha Ancorichnus,⑤Thalassinoides Palaeophycus,⑥Arenicolites Polykladichnus,⑦Teichichnus Anconichnus,⑧Squamodictyon Protopalaeodictyon的环境意义及其对应的测井曲线图型。
剖面上重复出现的痕迹相及与其对应的测井图型的反复再现,表明在东濮凹陷利用直接观察到的岩心、痕迹化石证据和间接测得的曲线图型资料可以识别和预测出无岩心段的岩相及其变化。同时说明,沙河街组既有陆相、非海相沉积,亦有海相沉积,从而廓清了东濮凹陷老第三系是否存在海相沉积之迷雾。更为重要的是,它为在本区进行高精度地层对比和预测下切谷型储层相（如河口湾砂岩）和超覆型储层相（如潮坪砂岩相和海滩砂岩）的时空分布提供了研究途径。 相似文献
剖面上重复出现的痕迹相及与其对应的测井图型的反复再现,表明在东濮凹陷利用直接观察到的岩心、痕迹化石证据和间接测得的曲线图型资料可以识别和预测出无岩心段的岩相及其变化。同时说明,沙河街组既有陆相、非海相沉积,亦有海相沉积,从而廓清了东濮凹陷老第三系是否存在海相沉积之迷雾。更为重要的是,它为在本区进行高精度地层对比和预测下切谷型储层相（如河口湾砂岩）和超覆型储层相（如潮坪砂岩相和海滩砂岩）的时空分布提供了研究途径。 相似文献
15.
The role of wave reworking on the architecture of storm sandstone facies, Bell Island Group (Lower Ordovician), eastern Newfoundland 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Stacked shallow marine cycles in the Lower Ordovician, Bell Island Group, of Bell Island, Newfoundland, show upward thickening and upward coarsening sequences which were deposited on a storm-affected shelf. In the Beach Formation each cycle has a facies sequence comprised, from base to top, of dark grey mudstones, light grey mudstones, tabular sandstones and mudstones, lenticular sandstones and mudstones, and thick bedded lenticular sandstones, reflecting a progressive increase of wave orbital velocities at the sediment surface. The mudstones and tabular sandstones reflect an environment in which the sea floor lay in the lower part of the wave orbital velocity field and in which tempestites were deposited as widespread sheets from weak combined flow currents. The lenticular sandstones in the succeeding facies are wave reworked sands, commonly lying in erosional hollows and having erosional tops and internal hummocky cross-stratification. Planar lamination is relatively uncommon and sole marks are mainly absent. In this facies oscillatory currents were dominant and accumulated sand in patches generally 10–30 m in diameter. The facies formed on the inner shelf where the oscillatory currents generated by storm waves had powerful erosional effects and also determined the depositional bedforms. Mud partings and second-order set boundaries within sandstone beds are believed to separate the products of individual storms so that many lenticular sandstone beds represent the amalgamation of several event beds. This interpretation has important implications for attempts to estimate event frequency by counting sandstone beds within a sequence and for estimates of sand budgets during storm events. The thick bedded lenticular facies appears to have been formed by erosion of the mud beds between the lenticular sands, leading to nearly complete amalgamation of several lenticular sand bodies except for residual mud partings. In the overlying Redmans Formation the process of amalgamation progressed even further so that nearly all the mud partings were removed, resulting in the formation of thick bedded tabular sandstones. Sequence stratigraphic analysis of the cyclical sequence suggests that the cycles were eustatically controlled. The rising limb of the sea level curve produced only the dark grey mudstone part of the cycle while the remainder of the cycle was deposited on the falling limb. There is a gradational but rapid facies transition from the tabular to the lenticular sandstone facies which is interpreted as occurring at the inflexion point on the falling limb. The thick bedded facies of the Beach Formation and the thick bedded tabular facies of the Redmans Formation represent periods of maximum sea level fall. The stacked cycles in the Beach Formation are interpreted as an aggradational, high frequency sequence or parasequence set bounded at the top by a sequence boundary and succeeded by the three aggradational parasequences of the Redmans Formation. The recognition of storm facies with sandstone beds of very different bed length has important implications for the reservoir modelling of such facies. 相似文献
16.
陆源碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩的混合沉积是陆表海重要的沉积现象,反映了其沉积特征。鄂尔多斯东北部大牛地气田本溪组和太原组是典型的陆表海碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩混积层系。结合区域地质研究,建立了陆表海碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩混积层系的沉积相模式。根据华北晚古生代聚煤盆地的地质背景和沉积演化过程,认为大牛地气田本溪组、太原组是陆表海碎屑滨岸—碳酸盐岩台地混积体系和海岸平原沉积体系：本溪组下段为碎屑滨岸相局限浅海亚相,上段为碳酸盐岩台地相和碎屑滨岸相;太原组下段为三角洲相和碎屑滨岸相→碎屑滨岸相;中段为盆控型泥炭沼泽相→碳酸盐岩台地相和碎屑滨岸相;上段为三角洲相和碎屑滨岸相→碳酸盐岩台地相和碎屑滨岸相→三角洲相和碎屑滨岸相→碳酸盐岩台地相和碎屑滨岸相。 相似文献
17.
Jianhua Zhao Changsong Lin Jingyan Liu Haijun Yang Zhenzhong Cai 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(8):533
Sequence stratigraphy division and comparison of the Silurian in Tarim Basin were a hot research field in oil industry and academia. However, basic geological problems limited the exploration needed for further research. In this paper, 21 lithofacies and 5 facies associations were identified based on the grain size of sediments, sedimentary characteristics, and bioturbation conditions: (1) fluvial-dominate delta front facies association; (2) tidal flat facies association; (3) tidal channel facies association; (4) offshore-transition facies association; (5) shoreface facies association. The seismic, outcrops, and logging data were involved to divide the Silurian (including upper Ordovician Tierekeawati Fm.) at Tabei uplift into five sedimentary sequences. SQ1 (Tierekeawati Fm.) is mainly characterized by tidal flat facies association, while delta front facies association locally develops; SQ2 (the lower Kepingtage Fm.) generally consists of offshore-transition facies association; SQ3 (the upper Kepingtage Fm.) is mainly characterized by shoreface and delta front facies association. For SQ4 (Tataaiertage Fm.), the transgressive system tract (TST) is dominated by shoreface facies association, while the fluvial-dominate delta facies association widely develops in highstand system tract (HST). SQ5 (Yimugantawu Fm.) is mainly characterized by tidal flat facies association. From SQ1 to SQ2, an overall sea level transgressive process is shown, while an overall sea level regressive process is found from SQ2 to SQ5. The results are consistent with the progradation and regression trends of large regions reflected by sequence framework pattern. As to SQ3 sequence, TST and HST sandstones are the main reservoir intervals in the Silurian. Hercynian movement led to the strong uplift and extensive erosion in the Silurian at Tabei and Tazhong uplift, and is favorable to the formation of strata erosion unconformable traps. 相似文献
18.
黄河北煤田煤系广泛发育潮坪沉积体系,通过对其沉积特征及沉积模式的研究,认为潮坪沉积体系主要包括潮道（潮沟或潮渠）、泥坪、沙坪、砂泥混合坪及潮坪沼泽和潮坪泥炭沼泽相等沉积相类型,其特征是砂泥比值较高,沉积厚度大,为含煤地层发育提供物质基础;在沉积环境演化方面与整个鲁西南地区沉积特征相似,整体为海水逐渐衰退的过程;在潮坪沼泽和潮坪泥炭沼泽中形成含硫量相对较高的煤层与海平面的变化密不可分,潮坪沉积物中发育的10煤、8煤、7煤、6煤等与潮坪泥炭沼泽沉积在该区分布特点具有一致性,由此可知,潮坪沉积体系的沉积物与煤层形成特点和形成规律有着密切关系,为研究区成煤作用研究提供了理论依据。 相似文献