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1.
利用商丘市8站1961-2006年逐日最高、最低气温资料,计算并分析了商丘市年、季及月气温日较差的线性变化趋势,结果表明:年最低气温呈明显上升趋势,最高气温上升趋势不显著,气温日较差呈显著减小趋势;春、夏、冬季季平均气温日较差均呈减小趋势,其中春季和冬季的减小趋势显著,秋季呈弱的增加趋势;全年有10个月的气温日较差呈减小趋势,其中1、3、5、8月气温日较差显著减小,1月减小幅度最大.城市化发展对气温日较差变化有一定影响,距城区较近的台站平均气温日较差显著减小,而距城区较远的台站气温日较差减小趋势不显著.  相似文献   

2.
邢台市气温日较差的变化   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
利用1954—2011年邢台市逐日平均气温、最高气温和最低气温资料,对邢台市气温日较差的变化特征及其影响因子进行了分析。结果表明:(1)近58a来,邢台市年平均气温日较差为10.9℃,呈明显下降趋势,变化速率为-0.683℃/lOa;四季平均气温日较差中,春季最大,夏季最小,且均呈下降趋势,其中冬季下降幅度最大,夏季最小;1—12月气温日较差中,5月最大,8月最小,均呈显著下降趋势,1月气温日较差下降幅度最大。(2)年气温日较差在近58a存在15a的低频振荡周期和4~7a的高频振荡周期,并在1972、1981、1995年发生突变,在突变点前后,年平均气温日较差均表现为增加珲仃减少趋势,且年气温日较差在突变年呈阶梯下降趋势。(3)最低、最高气温非对称的变化是气温日较差下降的直接原因。另外,年气温日较差与日照时数和平均风速呈显著正相关,与总云量、水汽压呈显著负相关,与降水量几乎不相关。邢台市气温日较差显著减小,对各类作物的产量、品质有不利影响,但冬季气温日较差的下降减少了果树冻害发生。  相似文献   

3.
利用NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料(1958-1997),月平均海表面温度资料(1950-1992)以及月的海冰密集度资料(1953-1995),研究了冬季北极涛动与西伯利亚高压、东亚冬季风以及巴伦支海海冰范围之间的联系。研究结果表明,冬季北极涛动不仅影响北极和北大西洋区域气候变化,并且可能影响冬季西伯利亚高压,进而影响东亚冬季风。当冬季北极涛动处于正位相时,冬季西伯利亚高压和东亚冬季风都偏弱,在西伯利亚南部和东亚沿岸,包括中国东部、韩国和日本,从地表面到对流层中部气温偏高0.5-2℃。当冬季北极涛动处于负位相时,结果正相反。研究结果还表明,冬季西伯利亚高压对北极以及北大西洋区域气候变化没有显的影响,与北极涛动的影响相比,西伯利亚的影响强度和范围明显偏弱。研究进一步揭示了冬季北极涛动可能影响西伯利亚高压的可能机理。冬季西伯利亚高压与动力过程以及从地表面到对流层中部的气温变化有密切的关系。西伯利亚高压的西部变化主要依赖于动力过程,而其东部与气温变化更为密切。冬季西伯利亚高压的维持主要依赖于对流层中的下沉气流,这种下沉气流源于北大西洋区域,其变化受到北极涛动的影响。当冬季北极涛动处于正(负)位相时,气流的下沉运动明显减弱(增强),进而影响冬季西伯利亚高压。此处,冬季北极涛动对同时期的巴伦支海海冰范围有显的影响。  相似文献   

4.
青岛百年气温变化及其影响因素分析   总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17  
利用青岛百年月平均气温资料,用统计方法分析了青岛气温的变化特征。从全球变暖、大气环流、ENSO事件、青岛经济发展以及城市热岛效应等方面分析了这些要素对青岛气温的影响。结果表明:青岛的气温变化趋势与我国华北地区基本一致,但青岛在20世纪初期的寒冷期要比华北地区长10 a左右,青岛的百年升温幅度高于全国和我国北方省份,春季气温升幅与全国相比偏大;西伯利亚高压与青岛冬季月平均气温呈显著负相关,西太平洋副热带高压与青岛夏季气温的相关性除8月外均不显著,北极涛动指数与青岛1—3月气温相关较为显著;ENSO事件与青岛年平均气温相关不显著。  相似文献   

5.
1957-2000年东北地区春季极端气温变化及其与北极涛动的关系   总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12  
利用东北地区32个测站1957-2000年逐日气温资料,分析了东北春季极端气温指数的变化特征及其与同期和前期北极涛动指数的关系。结果表明:春季日气温距平值基本上是由高纬向低纬、由东向西增加;44 a来日气温距平强度变化呈现正趋势,春季的冷日和冷夜呈减少趋势,暖日和暖夜呈增加趋势。东北春季气温与春季北极涛动(Arctic Oscillation, AO)在年际时间尺度上具有很强的正相关性,AO和极端气温指数也存在着相同的变化周期和突变时间。  相似文献   

6.
近134年上海冬季气温变化特征及其可能成因   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5  
使用上海1873—2006年共134年冬季气温资料和1961—2004年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了上海冬季气温的变化特征及其可能成因。结果表明,百余年来上海冬季气温有3次明显的增温过程和2次降温过程,总体上呈现出显著的增温趋势,其中1970年代以来增温幅度最大。上海冬季气温具有2年、40年和80年的变化周期,在1980年代中期冬季气温发生增暖突变。134年间上海冬季平均日数显著缩短,趋势倾向率为-1.6 d/(10 a)。上海冬季气温变化是全球气候变化和局地城市化双重作用的结果。上海冬季气温变化与北半球温度和全中国气温的变化基本一致,西伯利亚高压和东亚冬季风强度的减弱使得上海冬季气温增暖,局地人口增加、土地利用变化等因素也对上海冬季气温起到了一定的增温作用。  相似文献   

7.
阿勒泰地区近47年最高最低气温变化特征分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用阿勒泰地区7个气象站1962-2008年月均最高和最低气温、月均总云量和低云量实测资料,采用自然正交函数展开、趋势分析等方法,分析了该地区四季月均最高、最低气温的变化趋势及相应距平场的时空演变特征。研究表明:该地区除春季最高气温升温不明显外,春季最低气温及其余季节的最高、最低气温均呈显著的升温趋势,且最高、最低气温都在冬季上升幅度最大。四季最高、最低气温时空分布上自西向东大致呈高-低-高的分布,增温明显的中心区域集中在西部的吉木乃和东部的富蕴,变率较小的区域为阿勒泰。阿勒泰地区气温日较差近47年呈显著减小趋势,日较差的减小与最高、最低气温的升温幅度不一致有关,也与云量呈现显著的负相关。  相似文献   

8.
近45年大连地区气温日较差的演变趋势分析   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
利用Mann-Kendall方法对大连地区7个气象站点1961~2005年的气温日较差进行了趋势分析,并根据各因子趋势值,应用相关统计法分析了影响气温日较差呈减小趋势的因子.得到结论如下:①大连地区四季气温日较差呈现显著减小趋势,其中以秋季和冬季减小趋势最显著,夏季最弱.各季节平均气温、最高气温和最低气温呈显著上升趋势.最低气温较最高气温和平均气温升高趋势显著.②大连地区与月平均日较差相关性最强的因子是风速,其次是最低气温、水汽压和云量,都呈负相关,与最高气温呈正相关.②春夏季,日较差下降主要受最高气温的变化驱动,而秋冬季节则主要受最低气温变化的影响.  相似文献   

9.
利用1951—2009年南京日平均气温、日最高气温以及日最低气温等资料,分析了南京日最高气温和最低气温的长期演变趋势及其与平均温度的关系。结果表明:近60 a来,南京年平均气温、年平均最高气温、年平均最低气温均呈变暖趋势,20世纪90年代增温尤为明显;日最高气温,除夏季表现为降温趋势外,其他季节均为升温趋势;而四季平均气温和平均最低气温均为增温趋势;夏季气温日较差下降趋势明显,导致夏季昼夜温差减小;极端高温、低温的发生日数均呈下降趋势。极端气温与平均气温之间存在明显的相关性,且极端低温对平均气温影响更为明显。  相似文献   

10.
文章利用科尔沁沙地6个气象站点1961—2018年年、季气温、降水、风速等资料,对科尔沁沙地近58a气候特征进行分析。结果表明:近58a来科尔沁沙地年平均气温呈显著上升趋势,而气温日较差呈减小趋势,以上两气象要素以冬、春两季表现最为明显。降水量年际间变化较大,其中夏季降水量呈显著下降趋势。年平均风速自1991年以后呈逐年波动下降趋势。气温高降水少的气候背景加剧了科尔沁沙地干旱化、荒漠化进程。  相似文献   

11.
阿勒泰地区气温日较差的气候变化特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
利用线性趋势法对1961-2008年阿勒泰地区7个气象站点气温日较差进行趋势研究,并根据各因子趋势值,应用相关统计法分析了影响气温日较差呈减小趋势的因子。结果表明:阿勒泰地区四季日较差呈现显著减小趋势,其中冬季最显著,秋季变化最弱。各季节最低气温上升趋势最明显,而最高气温上升趋势较弱。阿勒泰地区与月平均气温日较差相关性最强的因子是日照时数,呈正相关;其次分别为总云量、降水量和水汽压,都呈负相关。年气温日较差与降水量和水汽压相关性最大。  相似文献   

12.
ON TEMPERATURE CHANGES OF SHANGHAI AND URBANIZATION IMPACTS   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
To understand how temperature varies in urban Shanghai under the background of global climate change and how it is affected by urbanization, the Shanghai temperature responses to global warming were analyzed, and then the temperature trends of urban and suburb stations under different climatic backgrounds were obtained. The urbanization effects on temperature were studied by comparing urban stations to suburb stations, the relationship between urbanization variables and temperature components were obtained, and observation data of surface and high level were combined to assess the contribution of urbanization effect. In the last part of the paper, the cause of urbanization effects on temperature was discussed. The results indicated: The long term change trend of Shanghai annual mean temperature is 1.31/100a from 1873 to 2004, the periods of 1921 – 1948 and 1979 – 2004 are warmer, and the 1979 – 2004 period is the warmest; compared to suburb stations, the representative urban station has slower decreases in the cool period and faster increases in the warm one; the urban and suburb temperatures have distinct differences resulting from urbanization and the differences are increasing by the year, with the difference of mean temperature and minimum temperature being the greatest in fall and that of maximum temperature being the largest in summer between the urban and suburban areas. The urbanization process accelerates the warming speed, with the minimum temperature being the most obvious; the urbanization effect contributes a 0.4°C increase in 1980s and 1.1°C in 1990s to the annual mean temperature.  相似文献   

13.
Climate variability is an important inherent characteristic of climate and it varies on all timescales. Through examination of temperature variability on multiple temporal scales at 63 stations over the eastern and central Tibetan Plateau (TP) during 1960-2008, we find decreasing trends in daily and intraannual temperature, especially in cold seasons (autumn and winter). These changes are more sensitive than those in the eastern China coastal region at the same latitude and indicate an asymmetric change of temperature, with hourly, daily, and monthly trends in cold periods stronger than those in warm periods during the recent years. The variation of interannual temperature is complex, showing an increasing trend in autumn and winter and decreasing trend in spring and summer, which is similar to those in the northern polar region. The changes of multiscale variability of temperature are mainly related to changes of atmospheric water vapor, cloudiness, anthropogenic aerosols, monsoon-driven climate, and some local factors. To find the influences of local conditions on temperature variability, we analyze the effects of altitude, topography, and urbanization. The results show that elevation is strongly and positively related to diurnal temperature range (DTR) and slightly positively related to interannual temperature variability (IVT), but intraannual temperature variability shows no clear elevation dependency. Topography and urbanization also play important roles in multiscale temperature variability. Finally, strong relationships are observed between temperature variability on each scale and different extreme indices.  相似文献   

14.
近50年中国气温日较差的变化趋势分析   总被引:23,自引:2,他引:23  
陈铁喜  陈星 《高原气象》2007,26(1):150-157
利用近50年的气温观测资料,对中国地区的气温日较差的空间分布和时间序列变化特征进行了分析。同时分析了与日最高气温、最低气温以及平均气温时空分布之间的关系。结果发现,近50年来气温日较差呈下降趋势,其平均减小幅度为高纬度地区大于低纬度地区;不同地区及同一地区的DTR季节变化特征也不相同,我国北方多为冬季DTR下降最大,其次是春季和秋季,夏季最小。在黄淮和长江流域,以夏季和春季DTR下降最为显著。华南地区仍以冬季下降最大。气温日较差整体呈现下降趋势,中高纬度下降比低纬度明显。在相同纬度带上,由于地理状况的不同,变化趋势有所不同。同时,气温日较差的变化有明显的区域和季节性差异,特别在西部的青藏高原和新疆地区的DTR变化与东部地区的差异明显。  相似文献   

15.
利用2010年1月至2011年12月邯长、京秦高速公路涉县、玉田南北2监测站和所在气象站观测资料,统计分析南北2站路面温度与气温的日变化特征及路面最高温度与气象因子的关系,基于多元回归分析方法建立逐月路面温度预报方程,并进行精度检验。结果表明,路面温度的日变化不但与季节、天空状况有关,还与地理位置密切相关。路面最高温度受多种气象因子的影响,与前一日路面最高温度、最高气温、能见度呈显著正相关,与总云量、低云量、相对湿度呈显著负相关,其中与最高气温的相关性最显著;路面最低温度与最低气温呈显著线性相关。基于路面最高温度预报方程的检验精度,玉田站年平均为77.5%,涉县为79.2%,可为今后路面最高温度预报提供参考。  相似文献   

16.
This study investigates the long-term spatiotemporal variability of diurnal temperature range(DTR) in East Africa(EA). The study carries out non-parametric trend analysis of gridded DTR monthly data sourced from Climatic Research Unit(CRU). The DTR exhibits mixed signals in space and time over EA. The DTR correlates negatively with rainfall over EA. Reduction in DTR coincides with the summer season in the northern and southern hemispheres respectively, suggesting the influence of cloud cover on it. There was a non-uniform pattern of DTR changes across the region with time. Lake Victoria basin recorded the highest warming rates. The Indian Ocean coast recorded the least spatiotemporal variability in DTR. A reduction in DTR is evident in the two seasons: hot and cold. The start of the study period; 1921—1930, was the coolest decade in the study period. Most parts of EA recorded negative DTR anomalies in 1961—1970. The overall reduction in DTR throughout the study period highlights the ongoing warming which is a global phenomenon. There remains need for investigating the causation of the observed DTR variability for effective monitoring of the variability in future.  相似文献   

17.
The spatial and temporal trends of 11 (7) temperature (precipitation) extreme indices are examined for the Loess Plateau Region (LPR) and its southeast and northwest sub-regions based on daily observations at 214 meteorological stations. Results show widespread significant warming trends for all the temperature extremes except for the diurnal temperature range (DTR) and the lowest daily maximum temperature in each year (TXn) during 1961–2010. When regionally averaged, a significant warming trend is detected for all the indices except for DTR and TXn in the past 50 years. Compared with the entire LPR, a significant warming trend is detected for all the indices except for DTR and TXn over the southeast sub-region of LPR; while it is observed for all the indices over the northwest. The trends for these indices are generally stronger in the northwest than in the southeast in the past 50 years. In contrast, for precipitation indices, only a small percentage of areas show significant drying or wetting trends and, when regionally averaged, none of them displays significant trends during the past 50 years. On the sub-regional scale, however, a larger percentage of areas show significant drying trends for precipitation indices generally over the southeast relative to the entire LPR, and noticeably, the sub-regional average heavy precipitation (R10mm) and wet day precipitation (PRCPTOT) display significant decreasing trends during the past 50 years; whereas only a slightly larger percentage of areas show significant wetting trends for these indices over the northwest compared with the entire LPR, and when sub-regionally averaged, none of the indices have significant trends during the past 50 years.  相似文献   

18.
Determining whether air temperatures recorded at meteorological stations have been contaminated by the urbanization process is still a controversial issue at the global scale. With support of historical remote sensing data, this study examined the impacts of urban expansion on the trends of air temperature at 69 meteorological stations in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Province over the last three decades. There were significant positive relations between the two factors at all stations. Stronger warming was detected at the meteorological stations that experienced greater urbanization, i.e., those with a higher urbanization rate. While the total urban area affects the absolute temperature values, the change of the urban area (urbanization rate) likely affects the temperature trend. Increases of approximately 10% in urban area around the meteorological stations likely contributed to the 0.13℃ rise in air temperature records in addition to regional climate warming. This study also provides a new approach to selecting reference stations based on remotely sensed urban fractions. Generally, the urbanization-induced warming contributed to approximately 44.1% of the overall warming trends in the plain region of study area during the past 30 years, and the regional climate warming was 0.30℃ (10 yr)-1 in the last three decades.  相似文献   

19.
分析杨树烂皮病发生发展与气象条件的相关关系,可为杨树烂皮病预报、防治提供科学依据。基于2002-2008年黑龙江省14个代表站点杨树烂皮病资料和气象资料,利用相关分析法,研究黑龙江省杨树烂皮病发生发展与气象条件的关系。结果表明:黑龙江省杨树烂皮病发病率与上年10月至当年4月平均气温、5-9月温湿系数、降水量、降水日数、上年10月和当年3月空气相对湿度、极端最高气温、气温日较差、气温日较差大的天气条件持续时间及平均风速呈正比,与上年10月至当年4月温湿系数、5-9月平均气温、上年12月至当年1月空气相对湿度、极端最低气温及日照时数呈反比。湿润、温凉和冬季冷热骤变的气候环境可加剧杨树烂皮病的发生发展,日照充足和夏季高温对杨树烂皮病有抑制作用。  相似文献   

20.
基于1988-2017年61个气象站点逐日气温数据,分析了甘肃河东地区近30年各季节极端气温指数的时空变化特征,并分析了ENSO和AO对河东地区极端气温指数的影响。结果表明:近30年河东地区处于变暖态势中,各季节气温日较差(DTR)、暖夜日数(TN90p)、暖昼日数(TX90p)均呈增加趋势,冷夜日数(TN10p)、冷昼日数(TX10p)均呈减少趋势。甘南高原极端气温指数在各区中变化最显著,春季是各极端指数变化最显著的季节,也是河东地区DTR变化趋势不同于全国的影响因素。DTR于1992年突变后增加,平均气温于1996-1997年发生突变,其余极端气温指数于1997年突变,极端气温指数在其自身以及平均气温突变年份前后的变化反映了区域变暖的态势。El Ni?o影响河东地区冬季DTR的增加,La Ni?a影响冬季TX10p日数增加,AO正相位时河东地区夏季高温事件更易发生。  相似文献   

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