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应用红河州森林火险天气等级预报模式，对红河州1980年至2004年森林火灾与天气气候进行分析研究，研制适合红河州的森林火险天气等级预警预报系统，为公众提供更好的预报产品。 相似文献
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通过对重庆市森林火灾与气象条件关系的分析,找出影响重庆市森林火灾的主要气象要素,用一定的数学模型拟合森林火灾危险度与气象要素间的关系,建立适合重庆市实际的较为客观的森林火险天气等级预报方法。 相似文献
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森林火灾天气等级确定及监测预报方法 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
利用内蒙古和山西两地1994－1999年6次特大森林火灾的气候资料，探讨了火灾发生的环境条件和天气气候条件，并建立了森林火险天气等级、监测和预报方法。 相似文献
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栾川县森林火险天气等级预报方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用1990~1999年栾川县森林火灾资料和气象资料,分析了森林火险与气象条件的关系,结果表明:森林火险与温度、相对湿度及风向、风速密切相关。在此基础上,建立了森林火险天气等级预报方程。 相似文献
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利用1990～1999年栾川县森林火灾资料和气象资料,分析了森林火险与气象条件的关系,结果表明森林火险与温度、相对湿度及风向、风速密切相关.在此基础上,建立了森林火险天气等级预报方程. 相似文献
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使用１９８０－１９９１年森林火灾及相应的气象资料，分析了森林火灾与有关气象要素的相关性。在此基础上，计算了森林火险天气预报指标，建立了预报模式，开展了森林火险天气等级预报。经试用效果较好。 相似文献
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重庆市森林火险变化特征及气象条件分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用重庆市34个气象站1961-2007年逐日气象观测资料以及同期NECP/NCAR逐月再分析数据,根据森林火险环境气象指数的定义,研究了重庆市森林火灾变化特征,并对春季和盛夏高森林火险等级下的典型年份的大气环流特征进行了分析。结果表明：重庆林火次数具有明显的年、季、月、日变化特征,盛夏（7-9月）和春季（2-4月）为2个高峰期,其林火次数占全年林火总数的78%,其中8月最多（占全年林火总数的18%）,午后是森林火灾多发时段;春季重庆市高森林火险的大气环流特征表现为：乌拉尔山、贝加尔湖和鄂霍茨克海地区500 hPa位势高度偏低,四川盆地高度场偏高,冷空气在中高纬地区堆积,天气活动主锋区偏北;盛夏重庆市高森林火险的环流特征为：巴尔喀什湖和鄂霍茨克海地区500 hPa位势高度显著偏低,朝鲜半岛位势高度显著偏高,西太平洋副热带高压位置偏北。 相似文献
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以吉林省为例,利用该省1952—2010年森林火灾(简称林火,下同)次数资料和全省气象站资料,分析该省林火次数时间变化特征及其与气象条件的关系,利用水分平衡法和统计回归方法建立林火次数气候影响评价模型并对其进行比较;在此基础上,利用水分平衡模型建立林火指数时间变化序列。结果表明,林火次数与降水、相对湿度、气温、风速等气象因子关系密切,水分平衡模型的气候影响评价效果优于统计回归模型;近62 a来吉林省林火指数和次数均呈增加趋势,表明气候变化有利于林火发生;2000年之后进入春、秋季林火多发期。 相似文献
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借鉴前人在S波段新一代天气雷达上探测森林火灾和城市大火烟尘的方法和研究成果,利用收集到的云南十部C波段新一代天气雷达的34次森林火灾个例资料,立足云南C波段高原高山雷达的一些特点,采用分类对比进行分析研究,得出C波段高山雷达森林火灾回波的一些特有指标。提出按雷达海拔高度分别设置森林火灾判别阈值、引入速度场特征、降水回波过滤等一些新指标和方法,进行这类地区的雷达森林火灾探测。随后开展了业务实践,经检验和实地踏勘,取得了一定效果。证明C波段雷达同样具有一定的探测森林火灾回波的能力,主要技术指标有:高山雷达由于海拔高差的影响,应分别针对不同雷达设置相应的阈值参数;根据森林火灾回波的上升和飘散特性,雷达回波速度场与周围回波有时呈现出一定差别;采用过滤晴空回波、过滤杂波、过滤地物回波、过滤二次回波、过滤降水回波、识别速度场特殊回波等办法,可得到滤出的火灾烟尘疑似回波。这些指标和方法对西部高山雷达探测应有一些参考作用。 相似文献
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Estimating emissions from forest fires in Thailand using MODIS active fire product and country specific data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Agapol Junpen Savitri Garivait Sebastien Bonnet 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2013,49(3):389-400
Studies on air pollution and climate change have shown that forest fires constitute one of the major sources of atmospheric trace gases and particulate matter, especially during the dry season. However, these emissions remain difficult to quantify due to uncertainty on the extent of burned areas and deficient knowledge on the forest fire behaviours in each country. This study aims to estimate emissions from forest fires in Thailand by using the combination of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for active fire products and country-specific data based on prescribed burning experiments. The results indicate that 27817 fire hotspots (FHS) associated with forest fires were detected by the MODIS during 2005–2009. These FHS mainly occurred in the northern, western, and upper north-eastern parts of Thailand. Each year, the most significant fires were observed during January–May, with a peak in March. The majority of forest FHS were detected in the afternoon. According to the prescribed burning experiments, the average area of forest burned per fire event was found to fall within the range 1.09 to 12.47 ha, depending upon the terrain slope and weather conditions. The total burned area was computed at 159309 ha corresponding to the surface biomass fuel of 541515 tons dry matter. The forest fire emissions were computed at 855593 tons of CO2, 56318 tons of CO, 3682 tons of CH4, 108 tons of N2O, 4928 tons of PM2.5, 4603 tons of PM10, 357 tons of BC and 2816 tons of OC. 相似文献
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Analysis of lightning-induced forest fires in Austria 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mortimer M. Müller Harald Vacik Gerhard Diendorfer Alexander Arpaci Herbert Formayer Hartmut Gossow 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,111(1-2):183-193
Besides human-caused fires, lightning is the major reason for forest fire ignition in Austria. In order to analyse the causes of ignition and to characterise lightning-induced forest fires, fire records were compared with the real appearance of lightning events by using the Austrian Lightning Detection and Information System for the period from 1993 to 2010. A probability was estimated for each forest fire being caused by lightning by using a decision tree and decision matrices based on flash characteristics (e.g. amplitude, time, location). It could be shown that 15 % of documented forest fires were lightning-caused. Nearly all lightning-caused fires were found during the summer months, whereas almost 40 % of all fires occurring from June to August were naturally caused. Most lightning-caused fires took place in the south and east of Austria. Lightning fires were more frequent at higher altitudes and primarily affected conifer forests. The median burned area was lower than that for anthropogenic forest fires. 相似文献
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Management alternatives to offset climate change effects on Mediterranean fire regimes in NE Spain 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Fire regime is affected by climate and human settlements. In the Mediterranean, the predicted climate change is likely to exacerbate fire prone weather conditions, but the mid- to long-term impact of climate change on fire regime is not easily predictable. A negative feedback via fuel reduction, for instance, might cause a non-linear response of burned area to fire weather. Also, the number of fires escaping initial control could grow dramatically if the fire meteorology is just slightly more severe than what fire brigades are prepared for. Humans can directly influence fire regimes through ignition frequency, fire suppression and land use management. Here we use the fire regime model FIRE LADY to assess the impacts of climate change and local management options on number of fires, burned area, fraction of area burned in large fires and forest area during the twenty-first century in three regions of NE Spain. Our results show that currently fuel-humidity limited regions could suffer a drastic shift of fire regime with an up to 8 fold increase of annual burned area, due to a combination of fuel accumulation and severe fire weather, which would result in a period of unusually large fires. The impact of climate change on fire regime is predicted to be less pronounced in drier areas, with a gradual increase of burned area. Local fire prevention strategies could reduce but not totally offset climate induced changes in fire regimes. According to our model, a combination of restoring the traditional rural mosaic and classical fire prevention would be the most effective strategy, as a lower ignition frequency reduces the number of fires and the creation of agricultural fields in marginal areas reduces their extent. 相似文献
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Climate change that results from increasing levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has the potential to increase temperature and alter rainfall patterns across the boreal forest region of Canada. Daily output from the Canadian Climate Centre coupled general circulation model (GCM) and the Hadley Centre's HadCM3 GCM provided simulated historic climate data and future climate scenarios for the forested area of the province of Ontario, Canada. These models project that in climates of increased greenhouse gases and aerosols, surface air temperatures will increase while seasonal precipitation amounts will remain relatively constant or increase slightly during the forest fire season. These projected changes in weather conditions are used to predict changes in the moisture content of forest fuel, which influences the incidence of people-caused forest fires. Poisson regression analysis methods are used to develop predictive models for the daily number of fires occurring in each of the ecoregions across the forest fire management region of Ontario. This people-caused fire prediction model, combined with GCM data, predicts the total number of people-caused fires in Ontario could increase by approximately 18% by 2020–2040 and50% by the end of the 21st century. 相似文献
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周慧 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2021,15(6):129-133
利用湖南省2008-2017年10年森林火灾数据、卫星MODIS和VIIRS监测资料及常规气象资料，统计分析了湖南省森林火灾时空分布特征，分析结果表明：近10年湖南省森林火灾高发月份是2、3、4月， 3月最多，总次数为3800次，森林火灾在邵阳发生次数最多，郴州、长沙和永州次之。森林火灾受灾面积最大的是永州市、怀化市、邵阳市，达6800-7500公顷。重点分析了2018年2月14-19日湖南致灾严重的森林火灾过程与气象条件的关系，结果表明，森林火灾期间，气温偏高、相对湿度较小，降水量少，平均风速一般超过0.5m/s，火灾严重时段最大风速增大到6m/s左右，风向以偏东风和偏南风为主，湖南高低空受上下一致的西南风气流控制，天气形势较稳定。 相似文献