共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
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通过对芦岭矿区 810采区基岩及其风化带岩性、矿物组成、膨胀性等测试 ,以及对基岩风化带的水稳定性分析 ,得出了风化带岩石遇水易崩解、水稳定性差的结论 ,为该采区放顶煤开采防水、防砂、防塌技术的研究提供了依据。 相似文献
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在对工程地质力学模型材料配比研究的基础上，以太平煤矿8301工作面近风化带开采为工程地质原型，建立了工程地质力学试验模型，模拟了不同开采方案的覆岩及松散层底部粘土层的变形破坏状况，为防水煤岩柱留设高度决策提供了依据。 相似文献
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对黄淮矿区古风化壳进行了详尽分析和简易分带,重点研究了开采煤上方风化带的工程地质特性,探讨了临界风化带开采缩小防水煤柱的机理。 相似文献
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为研究北山石窟渗水病害的形成和作用机理，提供化学保护和治水措施设计依据，对三个典型窟进行了系统采样监测。本文着重论述典型窟岩石和风化产物的化学成份和矿物成份，造象岩壁表面风化产物中可溶盐的化学成份特征及可溶盐类型．根据多年雨、早季及浸水带、潮湿带采样分析结果，获得各种化学组份多年变化规律，为探索造象岩壁风化破坏与渗水的关系以及选择化学保护方法提供了可靠的依据． 相似文献
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百善煤矿64采区超薄基岩区域地质储量210万t,基岩厚度均小于20m,对安全回采造成了巨大影响。在分析煤矿主采煤层赋存、顶板岩石力学地质特征及水文地质条件的基础上,重点分析了超薄风化基岩及松散层内含(隔)水层的岩石特征及强风化岩石泥化对工作面开采的影响。以理论计算、现场实测数据和开采实践为依据,重点研究分析了风化基岩和含(隔)水层的物理特征及强风化岩石泥化对"两带"发育高度的影响,并设计了合理的安全保护煤柱。实践表明:超薄基岩区域强风化岩石软弱、泥化、风化对工作面回采"两带"发育高度有降低作用,有利于工作面的安全回采。 相似文献
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榆神矿区强松散含水层下采煤隔水岩组特性的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
榆神矿区萨拉乌苏组为强松散含水层，但底部发育有一层黄、红土层，根据对萨拉乌苏组强松散含水层底部土层和基岩风化带的分布、性质、水文地质等特征分析，认为该土层与基岩风化带一起构成隔水岩组，因此合理利用其岩组的隔水特性开采煤层，对保护浅部的萨拉乌苏组含水层及防止矿井地质灾害具有重要意义。 相似文献
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榆神矿区地处毛乌素沙漠地带,生态环境脆弱,水资源短缺。煤炭开采时对水资源的保护备受关注。以榆神矿区小保当二号井田为研究区,采用物理相似材料模拟实验,确定了小保当二号井2-2煤层开采导水裂隙带发育高度,在此基础上,通过对比煤层至风化基岩含水层之间的距离与导水裂隙带发育高度的差值,并结合保水采煤试验与采动损害监测结果,引入保护层厚度指标,预测2-2煤层开采对风化基岩含水层的影响程度。研究结果表明：小保当二号井2-2煤层开采后导水裂隙带发育带发育高度约为150m,裂采比约25倍。将2-2煤层开采对风化基岩含水层的影响程度划分为无影响、轻微影响、一般影响、严重影响4种类型,研究区为无影响区和轻微影响区,其中,轻微影响区占全井田范围的0.03%。 相似文献
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榆神矿区保水采煤的工程地质背景 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15
论述了榆神矿区煤层上覆红土、风化带基岩、未风化基岩的工程地质特征,认为红土层具有较好的隔水性能,风化带基岩中粘土矿物的含量增加,隔水性能明显增强。2-2煤层上覆基岩为中硬岩石,而且有较多的软弱岩石夹层,煤层开采的冒裂带发育高度相对较小,影响不到第四系萨拉乌苏组含水层底部,具有较好的保水采煤工程地质条件。 相似文献
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提出对顾北煤矿1243(3)工作面回采上限开采产生影响的主要含水层为新生界承压含水层、基岩风化带及顶板砂岩含水层。根据其水文工程地质、勘探和土工试验资料,分析新生界松散层含(隔)水层、基岩风化带及煤层顶板砂岩含水层的水文工程地质特征以及各含水层之间水力联系,结合《"三下"开采规程》、覆岩类型、含水层富水性特征,确定该工作面水体下开采等级为Ⅱ类,并通过类比、公式法、实测研究冒落带破坏高度,确定防水煤柱高度,收作线上口防水煤柱最小,采后冒落带仅发育在二叠系煤系地层中,符合《"三下"开采规程》Ⅱ类水体的有关规定,工作面回采无水害威胁。 相似文献
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煤层风氧化带宽度的确定方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在煤炭资源储量估算中,煤层风氧化带垂深都是根据煤质化验指标来确定,对在煤层底板等高线上如何确定煤层风氧化带宽度没有明确的规定,为此,依据实际工作中遇到的三种地质情况：地表基本平坦：地表有倾角且倾向与煤层倾向相同;地表有倾角且倾向与煤层倾向相反,分别用制图法、计算法确定其煤层风氧化带的宽度。 相似文献
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综合物探在山东某矿井采区的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
山东某勘探区内目的层为3#煤层，厚度1．65-3m，与围岩物性差异明显，能形成校强反射波，根据其地震数据波组特征、频谱特征等相关信息解释了3#煤层赋在状态风氧化带范围及断层分布规律等，并根据瞬变电磁资料，圈定了3#煤层顶扳砂岩富水带。 相似文献
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酸不溶物对碳酸盐岩风化壳发育程度的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对贵州岩溶区（包括湘西）不同地层系统碳酸盐岩发育的红色风化壳、以及结合本区和处于同一气候带的邻区不同岩类红色风化壳的对比研究,结果表明：（1）碳酸盐岩红色风化壳的发育程度明显受基岩酸不溶物成分的控制,酸不溶物的风化成熟度越高,红色风化壳的发育程度一般也越强。由于不同地层系统碳酸盐岩的酸不溶物组成不同,在此基础上发育的红色风化壳的风化强度自然存在着差异;（2）风化壳相对于母岩的进一步风化潜力或空间,随着基岩酸不溶物风化成熟度的增大而降低,从而更容易达到风化平衡;（3）在碳酸盐岩风化壳突变的岩-土界面,伴随碳酸盐的充分淋失、酸不溶物的地球化学指标发生了突变。因此,碳酸盐的溶解不但未阻滞和延缓了硅酸盐组分的分解,而且促进其快速风化。（4）在达到高岭石化甚至弱红土化阶段的酸不溶物基础上,发育的风化壳比结晶岩类风化壳具有更高的风化起点,也就表现出更高的风化强度。因此,笼统地把碳酸盐岩风化壳看作是弱于玄武岩及花岗岩等结晶岩类风化壳发育程度的弱风化类型是不妥的。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2004,19(3):461-467
Rare native Se has been discovered in Yutangba, Enshi City, Hubei Province, China, where a sudden incidence of Se poisoning occurred in the early 1960s. It was first found in a small area where native Se was produced on a large scale and was diverse in forms due to different formation mechanisms. Genetically, native Se can be divided into 3 categories: the primary native Se occurring in carbonaceous-siliceous rocks and tiny Se crystals formed in cracks of rocks during tectonic activities; micro-Se crystals formed in the weathering processes of Se-rich rocks; and larger Se crystals derived from natural burning of stone coal on the subsurface of abandoned stone coal spoils. The different forms of native Se found in Yutangba demonstrate that Se can be activated, transformed, remobilized and enriched at special sites such as in the unsaturated-subsurface zone or in the saturated zone. This discovery of native Se has not only resolved a long-standing controversial question on modes of occurrence of Se, which has puzzled many researchers in China, but has provided new possible evidence for the pathogenic explanation of the sudden prevalence of Se poisoning in Yutangba. The research results also have important implications for studying the mineralogy, ore geochemistry and environmental geochemistry of Se. 相似文献
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Natural analogues are an important source of long-term data and may be viewed as naturally occurring experiments that often include processes, phenomena, and scenarios that are important to nuclear waste disposal safety assessment studies. The Koongarra uranium deposit in the Alligator Rivers region of Australia is one of the best-studied natural analogue sites. The deposit has been subjected to chemical weathering over several million years, during which many climatological, hydrological, and geological changes have taken place, resulting in the mobilization and spreading of uranium. Secondary uranium mineralization and dispersed uranium are present from the surface down to the base of the weathering zone, some 25 m deep. In this work, a simple uranium transport model is presented and sensitivity analyses are conducted for key model parameters. Analyses of field and laboratory data show that three layers can be distinguished in the Koongarra area: (1) a top layer that is fully weathered, (2) an intermediate layer that is partially weathered (the weathering zone), and (3) a lower layer that is unweathered. The weathering zone has been moving downward as the weathering process proceeds. Groundwater velocities are found to be largest in the weathering zone. Transport of uranium is believed to take place primarily in this zone. It appears that changes in the direction of groundwater flow have not had a significant effect on the uranium dispersion pattern. The solid-phase uranium data show that the uranium concentration does not significantly change with depth within the fully weathered zone. This implies that uranium transport has stopped in these layers. A two-dimensional vertically integrated model for transport of uranium in the weathering zone has been developed. Simulations with a velocity field constant in time and space have been carried out, taking into account the downward movement of this zone and the dissolution of uranium in the orebody. The latter has been modelled by a nonequilibrium relationship. In these simulations, pseudo-steady state uranium distributions are computed. The main conclusion drawn from this study is that the movement of the weathering zone and the nonequilibrium dissolution of uranium in the orebody play an important role in the transport of uranium. Despite the fact that the model is a gross simplification of what has actually happened in the past two million years, a reasonable fit of calculated and observed uranium distributions was obtained with acceptable values for the model parameters. 相似文献
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研究花岗岩潜山储层特征及控制因素为琼东南盆地下一步潜山勘探提供依据,综合已钻井录井资料、壁心资料、测井资料、薄片资料及地球化学资料,识别风化壳并刻画储层特征.研究结果表明松南低凸起及周缘花岗岩受长期风化影响,纵向分带明显,由表及里依次发育粘土风化带、砂砾质风化带、裂缝带和基岩带.通过元素测井、成像测井、常规测井结合可以很好的识别潜山风化壳及纵向结构特征.纵向上不同风化层储集空间特征显著差异,依次发育孔隙型、裂缝-孔隙复合型、孔隙-裂缝复合型及裂缝型4种储集空间,以裂缝-孔隙型储集为主的砂砾质风化带物性最好,自砂砾质风化带以下,随埋深增加,风化减弱,储层物性依次变差.松南低凸起周缘花岗岩侵入体形成于三叠纪初期,自燕山期构造抬升,长期古隆起暴露、断裂及节理发育是其厚层优质风化壳型潜山储层发育的主要原因.同时,由于潜山后期埋深浅,经过压实、胶结等成岩作用影响弱,是凸起周缘潜山储层发育的重要原因.为下一步潜山领域勘探提供地质支撑. 相似文献