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1.
计算了宽频带多偏移距层状大地电偶极～偶极装置的复电阻率,用高频和低频二个频率的复电阻率计算了频散率,并用各道最低频的复电阻率(频率相同),计算了道间复电阻率变化率.计算结果表明,采用诸如逆重复m序列等宽频带信号激励,多偏移距同线偶极～偶极同时观测,计算的频散率及相邻道间低频复电阻率的变化率,可作为物性参数来检测大埋深高阻或低阻薄层的存在.低频接地偶极产生的传导电流,有利于检测到埋深较大的高阻薄层.多偏移距同时观测方法是一种几何测深法,如果有高阻极化体存在,在适当的收发距上,道间低频复电阻率道间变化率或频散率的变化率,就会出现极大值.它所对应的收发距可用来估计极化体埋深,约为极化体埋深的2.2倍～3.5倍. 相似文献
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这里研究层状极化介质激发极化效应特征。首先,在忽略电磁效应的情况下,用柯尔～柯尔模型表征极化介质复电阻率,计算三层不同地电断面复电阻率的振幅和相位随极距变化的曲线;然后,分析极化层不同充电率和不同时间常数、不同激发频率和极化层不同埋深,对测深曲线的影响规律,并提出了具有实际指导意义的极化层埋深与极距的对应关系。这些工作都能够为野外开展复电阻率测量和资料解释起到参考作用。 相似文献
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为查明测区目标异常体深部空间产状、埋深,在桂阳宝山边部找矿中,使用激电四极测深。对测深极距排列进行相应改进,在大极距区域构成等深模式,使测得数据在深部具有更高的采集均匀度,测深断面图件的深部细节更加突出,异常数值高低过渡平稳,有效提高对深部地质体的分辨能力。根据目标勘探深度与单位电极距间的关系,直接用断面图对目标异常体的深部空间情况进行了相应的解释,改变了极距排列改进前出现的测量数据杂乱与测深结果的对数解释模式。 相似文献
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庐枞金属矿集区深地震反射剖面探测研究:一种经济的、变化的采集观测系统实验 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
如何运用深地震反射剖面技术同时探测大型金属矿集区浅自几百米,深至地壳底部的地壳精细结构,揭示成矿的深部过程,是一项极具挑战性的攻关实验内容。本文针对庐枞金属矿集区的浅深兼顾的探测目标,实验了一种区域长剖面和矿集区剖面结合的变观测系统采集技术。结果表明,区域长剖面使用40m道距,240m炮距,18～20m井深,16～20kg药量,中间放炮,720道双边接收,60次覆盖的采集参数能够获得浅层至Moho的有效反射,揭示出成矿区的深部构造。矿集区剖面加密道距至10m,炮距80m,将覆盖次数增加到90次,并采用十字测线的拟三维采集技术能有效补充获得丰富的矿区浅层信息,揭露出浅层控矿构造及其与深部的联系。在经费有限的前提下,采用上述变观测系统方法来保证获得浅、深多重反射信息的采集技术是可行的,实际结果证实了该方法技术实验的成功。 相似文献
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为了探寻石家庄市藁城区地下水埋深动态变化规律,以藁城区2001—2018年的年降水量、地下水人工开采量等数据为基础,对藁城区地下水位埋深进行研究。首先采用P-Ⅲ型曲线法确定降水序列的丰、平、枯年份,分析不同降水量情况下地下水位埋深变化规律;其次,利用地下水开采潜力系数法和灰色关联度法对人工开采量和地下水位埋深的关系进行研究。结果表明：1）藁城区地下水位埋深在2001—2016年逐渐增大,在2016—2018年趋于减小,2016年为转折点;在空间上藁城区地下水位埋深呈现出北部埋深小、南部埋深大的特征,北部水位埋深较同期南部水位埋深要浅5~10 m。2）降水是驱动藁城区地下水位埋深变化的重要因素,枯水年水位埋深变幅在0.8~1.5 m之间,平水年水位埋深变幅在0.3~1.2 m之间,丰水年水位埋深变幅在0.3~1.1 m之间。主灌期（3—6月）的地下水位埋深增加速率均为cm/d级,非主灌期（7—10月）的地下水位埋深减少速率均为mm/d级。3）人工开采是驱动藁城区地下水位埋深变化的主导因素,其中农业开采量占人工开采量的80%。综上认为,藁城区一直处于严重超采状态,地下水累计超采量每增加1亿m3,地下水位埋深增加0.45 m。 相似文献
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通常都采用电阻率测深法进行工程的无损检测和堤坝隐患的探测。尽管探测对象介质电性较均匀,但一般埋深都不大,所以探测时电极距也不大,观测到的ρs曲线也很短,无法运用量板法或计算机反演来保证解释的精度。电测深反射系数(K) 相似文献
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基于层状大地表面水平电偶极源电磁场公式系统,提出了比值法获取H y分量全区视电阻率计算公式。计算了层状地电模型多个收发距的电磁场各场分量E x、H y、H z,并用这三个场分量计算了全区视电阻率,以及E x/H y卡尼亚电阻率,并与模型的MT卡尼亚电阻率频谱曲线进行对比。发现H y全区视电阻率在赤道装置和轴向装置的广大区域对地电模型均有较好的响应,可进行单分量广域电磁测深。轴向装置H y全区视电阻率与赤道装置垂直磁场H z全区视电阻率相似,在低频段与层状模型大地电磁测深卡尼亚电阻率有相似的频率响应特征,在较小收发距条件下对大埋深基底就能有较好的响应。赤道装置和轴向装置测量的水平电场E x分量全区视电阻率在低频区均会进入“饱和”区。对于各电阻率定义方法,合适的收发距是较好地反映出地电特征深度变化的前提,多收发距测量有利于揭示深部电性特征。 相似文献
9.
不同深度岩溶管道的高密度电阻率法反演特征 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2
高密度电法在岩溶区找水具有很好的效果,岩溶山区岩溶管道深度各异,为了探寻岩溶管道深度变化下高密度电阻率的响应规律,本文以高密度电阻率法原理为基础,采用高密度电阻率法微测系统,利用铜柱体模型,模拟均匀介质下不同深度岩溶管道的高密度电阻率响应特征。结果表明:当岩溶管道深度大于15倍电极距时,矩形AMN装置和滚动MNB装置未能探测到该深度的岩溶管道;当岩溶管道深度小于10~11倍电极距时,矩形AMN和滚动MNB装置联合能较精准地定位岩溶管道在平面上的投影位置;岩溶管道反演异常的横向宽度始终大于真实异常横向宽度,反演异常顶部埋深小于或等于真实异常顶部埋深,且岩溶管道深度越浅,反演异常体的形态、大小、埋深越接近真实异常;随岩溶管道深度的增加,岩溶管道的矩形AMN装置和滚动MNB装置异常反演形态由椭圆向半椭圆、弓形变化,直至消失。 相似文献
10.
干旱半干旱地区,地下水是活跃的生态因子。本文搜集遥感影像和地形图,开展水位统测、地下水取样、土壤取样等野外工作,研究鱼卡—大柴旦盆地地下水表生生态环境效应,并通过层次分析法和GIS空间分析法评价生态环境质量,得到以下结论:地下水位埋深1 m,以芦苇、苔草为优势物种的沼泽区,植被指数0.3,生态环境质量较好;地下水位埋深1~2 m,以芨芨草、盐角草为优势物种的盐生草甸区,植被指数随地下水位埋深和土壤含盐量增高而降低,生态环境质量一般;地下水位埋深2~3 m,以棱棱为优势物种的高大灌木区,植被指数随土壤含盐量的降低而升高,生态环境质量较好;地下水位埋深3 m,以驼绒藜为优势物种的矮小灌木区,植被指数不随地下水位埋深而变化,生态环境质量较差。 相似文献
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The effectiveness of inversion apparent resistivity data to determine accurately the true resistivity distribution over 2D structures has been investigated using a common inversion scheme based on smoothness-constrained nonlinear least-squares optimization with enhancing horizontal resolution (EHR) technique by numerical simulation. The theoretical model generates in RES2DMOD software at specific distance and depth using Wenner, Wenner–Schlumberger, and pole–dipole arrays were inverted. The inversion model was compared with the original 2D model in RES2DINV software. The study model includes horizontal layering, vertical resolution, and horizontal two layers with different resistivity. Also, the response to variations in data density of these arrays was investigated. The study shows the best array suitable to be used in the survey was chosen for real data acquisition at the actual site. Subsequently, the results from borehole were used to verify the results of 2D resistivity imaging method with and without EHR technique. Saturated zone (0–40 Ω-m) was found scattered at the depth of 10–20 m. The borehole is located at 63 m at 2D resistivity imaging survey which shows at depth 10–20 m is sandy silt. Highly weathered sandstone was found at 6 m depth with resistivity value of 800 Ω-m and SPT N value of 20. The bedrock was found at 27 m depth with resistivity value of 3,000 Ω-m and SPT N value of 50. The application of 2D resistivity imaging with EHR technique indicate the ability of the proposed approach in terms of density, depth, and resistivity value of anomalous and layer in a computationally and numerically efficient manner and to exhibit good performance in the data inversion. 相似文献
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This research is an attempt to accomplish a 3-D resistivity imaging survey, which was carried out near a water well contaminated with hydrocarbon materials in Karbala governorate. Two-dimensional resistivity imaging measurements were collected along four parallel profiles, using a Wenner array with electrode spacing of 1 m. The RES3DINV program was used to invert the apparent resistivity data. The results displayed a resistivity distribution of the subsurface in a three-dimensional volume. Thus, both the horizontal and vertical extents of the contaminated zone were displayed. This technique revealed a low resistivity zone at depth ranges from 3 to 6 m in the investigation area, but the seepage starts at depth ranges between 2 and 3 m and continues down depth (may be to the groundwater level). This low resistivity zone is the most likely location for a subsurface seepage of contaminated water. It is clear that the sufficient measurement points along 2-D lines in a small area can increase the 3-D imaging resolution, and nearly real 3-D imaging can be achieved, when the size of subsurface anomaly compared with the electrode spacing (a) of the Wenner array is taken into consideration. 相似文献
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Samia Hadj-Said Aziz Zeddouri Larbi Djabri Belhadj Hamdi-Aissa 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(4):1081-1089
Water resources in the Algerian South are rare and difficult to reach because they are often too deep. This is the case of Guerrara which is characterized by an annual precipitation average of less than 60 mm. The water supply is warranted from groundwater, frequently too deep and badly known. The main purpose of the present study is to determine the geometry of aquifer from geophysical data. Fourteen vertical electrical soundings covering the total surface area were carried out by using an arrangement of electrodes called “Schlumberger array.” The length of the selected transmission line (AB) was 1,000 m, which allowed a vertical investigation reaching up to 160 m of depth. The analysis of the results shows that the prospected zone is characterized by the succession of layers with different electrical resistivities. A sandstone aquifer characterized by resistivities near 100 Ω m overcoming a limestone aquifer stronger with values that exceed 1,000 Ω m, separated by a conductive layer of clay with average resistivity of 15 Ω m. Distribution map of sandstones thickness shows the structural variations of this horizon allowing an estimation of its hydraulic potential. 相似文献
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锦屏一级水电站左岸开挖高边坡变形监测分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
锦屏一级水电站左岸开挖高边坡的开挖高度达到530 m,断层发育,岩体卸荷深度大,地质条件十分复杂,边坡在施工期和运行期的稳定性问题特别重要。对边坡的工程地质条件进行分析,介绍锦屏一级水电站工程左岸边坡的变形监测布置及监测结果。锦屏一级左坝肩边坡采用表面变形观测、浅表变形观测及深部变形观测,由表及里3个层次监测边坡岩体的变形。表面变形监测采用外观变形监测方法;浅部变形监测采用多点位移计,监测深度为0～90 m;深部变形监测采用平洞测距、水准沉降及石墨杆收敛计等监测方法,布置于勘探平洞内,穿越主要断层及深部拉裂缝,最大监测达到260 m。截止2011年5月,边坡浅表最大水平位移106.1 mm,最大垂直下沉位移58.6 mm,主要受边坡开挖及支护控制。深层最大水平变形量为47.48 mm,最大垂直沉降变形为7.2 mm,主要受深部拉裂缝及断层控制。目前位移趋于收敛,最大变形速率小于0.1 mm/d,满足安全控制标准,边坡已趋于稳定。 相似文献
15.
超大面积深厚软土桩-网复合地基现场试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
结合潮汕车站软基处理工程设置监测断面,埋设相关监测仪器,对桩-网复合地基上部路堤填土施工过程中地表沉降、深部分层沉降、深部水平位移、桩顶应力、桩间土应力、土工格栅伸长量等的变化进行观测分析,结果表明,在加载初期,桩间土和桩顶土的应力都存在一个迅速增大的过程,但桩顶土应力增大的速率要大于桩间土应力增大的速率;当填土达到一定高度时,桩间土应力出现极值,产生的土拱效应会使4桩中心处的应力小于2桩中心处的应力值;管桩的轴力、摩阻力和地层情况密切相关,且均随时间、荷载的增加而增大;地基分层沉降的速率与路堤填土的速率呈正相关,沉降量的大小与地层深度和地层特征有关;土工格栅的拉伸位移量随着填土高度的增加而增加,且其增长速率经历了由慢到快再到缓的过程;地基水平位移随荷载的增加而增大,随深度增加而减小,管桩有效地限制了地基的水平位移。 相似文献
16.
高密度电法在反演过程中,电极距相比电性异常体横向长度过大时,电性异常体在反演中无法得到约束;某电极距下,当电性异常体埋藏深度增加大到一定深度时,在反演中电性异常体也无法得到约束。针对以上两个问题,利用res2dmod正演软件建立模型,再利用res2dinv反演软件对模型进行反演,通过对比分析结果表明:温纳、偶极和微分三种装置分两种情况:如果电极距小于20m模拟条件下,对于埋藏深度为5m且剖面面积不同的电性异常高阻体(异常体电阻率=100Ω·m,围岩电阻率=10Ω·m),横向反演分辨率,温纳装置大于微分和偶极装置;电极距小于12.75m时,微分装置大于偶极装置,电极距大于12.75m时,偶极装置大于微分装置。如果电极距在2m^8m范围内,对于剖面面积为4×4(m2)的电性异常高阻体(异常体电阻率=100Ω·m,围岩电阻率=10Ω·m),其最大约束深度随电极距的增大而先增大后减小;相同电极距下,偶极装置的最大约束深度>微分装置的最大约束深度>温纳装置的最大约束深度。 相似文献
17.
In horizontally layered soils of different electrical properties, electrical potential distribution becomes complex and the
obtained resistivity data may be limited in reflecting the actual soil profile. Thus the objective of this study was to identify
the factors that affect resistivity measurement on the cone penetrometer and further investigate the sensitivity of measured
resistivity to different types and concentrations of contaminants at the subsurface level. First, a theoretical resistivity
equation was derived to provide a means of computing the geometric factor. The effective volume of measurement on the cone
penetrometer was investigated and laboratory soil box tests verified the dominance of partially high resistivity regions within
the effective volume of measurement over the apparent resistivity. Such effect was found to lead to possible discrepancies
between the recorded resistivity data and the actual depth of measurement. Measurements on contaminated soil layers indicated
that resistivity cones are efffective in delineating inorganic contaminants in soils of high water contents, and detecting
NAPLs floating above the groundwater table provided that soils adjacent to the plume are not dry of water.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
18.
The combination of layer resistivity and thickness in the so called Da-zarrouk parameters S (longitudinal conductance) and R (transverse resistance) have proved useful in the evaluation of the transmissivities of the aquifers around Owerri and environs. The area is underlain by the unconsolidated to semi-consolidated coastal Benin Formation. The surface direct current electrical resistivity method was used in the study. Seven Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) data by the Schlumberger array was acquired in the area. A maximum current electrode spacing (AB) of 1000 m was used for data acquisition. Four of the soundings were carried out near existing boreholes. Computer modelled interpretative methods was utilized in processing the data. Results show that the depth to the water level is shallow around Ife and Egbu areas with a mean depth of 30 m. Semi-deep aquifers were encountered around Okpalla and AVU areas with a mean depth of 90 m while very deep aquifers were sensed around Owerri and Obinze areas with a mean depth of 125 m. Aquifer thicknesses in the study area range from 8 m at Ife and 117 m at Owerri. The diagnostic Kσ = constant value have proved so useful in calculating transmisivities and hydraulic conductivities of all the sounding locations including areas where no boreholes exist. Hydraulic conductivity varies between 6.19m/day at Ife and 24.7 m/day at Obinze. Transmissivity values also very between 51.39 m2/day at Ife and 1379.56 m2/day at Owerri. It is hoped that the results would help in long term planning of groundwater exploitation schemes within the study area. 相似文献
19.
在MN趋于零时滤波计算三极装置直流电测深视电阻率的基础上,采用数值积分方法,导出了MN不趋于零时的三极(对称四极)装置直流电阻率测深曲线的计算方法。然后,利用三极和偶极的关系导出了水平层状大地偶极-偶极电测深的正演计算公式,并对水平层状大地的对称四极测深和偶极-偶极测深曲线进行了对比。 相似文献