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1.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(6)
This paper proposes a new method for data assimilation of the surface radial current observed by High Frequency ground wave radar and optimization of the bottom friction coefficient. In this method, the shallow water wave equation is introduced into the cost function of the multigrid three-dimensional variation data assimilation method as the weak constraint term, the surface current and the bottom friction coefficient are defined as the analytical variables, and the high spatiotemporal resolution surface radial flow observed by the high-frequency ground wave radar is used to optimize the surface current and bottom friction coefficient. This method can effectively consider the spatiotemporal correlation of radar data and extract multiscale information from surface radial flow data from long waves to short waves. Introducing the shallow water wave equation into the cost function as a weak constraint condition can adjust both the momentum and mass fields simultaneously to obtain more reasonable analysis information. The optimized bottom friction coefficient is introduced into the regional ocean numerical model to carry out numerical experiments. The test results show that the bottom friction coefficient obtained by this method can effectively improve the accuracy of the numerical simulation of sea surface height in the offshore area and reduce the simulation error. 相似文献
2.
针对圆走航定位声速剖面测量不准确引起水下控制点坐标解算存在偏差的问题,首先介绍了声速不确定性对测距误差的影响,并将声速测距误差分成背景声速剖面误差、随机误差、测距误差长周期项和测距误差短周期项,再通过分析坐标改正数方程得到不同声速测距误差项对控制点坐标定位的影响。最后,设计2组仿真实验对该理论进行验证,实验结果与理论推导的结论一致。 相似文献
3.
瑞雷波法已在研究地球内部结构、近地表地球物理工程和超声无损检测等领域中获得了广泛应用,尤其是近年来瑞雷波法作为近地表场地表征新兴领域的前沿技术已成为国际学术研究与应用的热点。对国内外近地表弹性介质瑞雷波勘探的主要研究成果与进展进行了综述,通过对瑞雷波勘探现有的研究成果和进展密切追踪发现当前近地表瑞雷波勘探主要基于水平地表弹性水平层状介质模型,利用单分量瑞雷波相速度频散曲线单目标反演获得一维横波速度剖面和相关岩土力学参数。但是,该方法也存在着现有瑞雷波频散曲线反演极易出现模式误识别、现有单分量单目标瑞雷波反演未充分利用多分量信息、现有瑞雷波相速度反演未充分利用群速度传播特性、现有瑞雷波反演未充分利用质点椭圆极化振动特性等挑战性学术难题和不足。基于上述问题,建议未来近地表弹性介质瑞雷波勘探重点研究方向应集中在进行多模式表面波全速度谱反演研究、多站多分量表面波相速度多目标全速度谱反演研究、单站多分量表面波群速度多目标全速度谱反演研究和单站多分量表面波椭圆极化振动特性多目标反演研究。由此构建新的近地表多分量瑞雷波多目标全速度谱反演理论,引领多分量瑞雷波多目标反演学科前沿,拓展现有单分量瑞雷波单目标反演理论范畴,推动多分量瑞雷波高精度实用勘探技术的发展。 相似文献
4.
针对机场飞行区车载差分北斗/SINS组合导航系统中卫星信号衰弱、断续和中断时引起导航系统精度降低的问题,提出一种基于运动检测的高精度组合导航方法。该方法基于运动检测的差分北斗/SINS组合导航系统框架,根据车辆运动的特性,利用零速修正与动态零速修正相结合的模式来约束SINS误差;建立系统误差最优估计状态方程和量测方程,并结合惯性测量单元输出的陀螺和加速度计信息以及SINS输出速度来实现车辆运动状态的检测;最后通过车载实验验证该方法的可行性。结果表明,卫星信号有效时,差分北斗/SINS组合导航定位精度优于1 m;相比于传统运动学约束技术,2.5 km信号中断场景下,组合导航系统的经度误差最大值由5.21 m减小为1.35 m。 相似文献
5.
如何使用少量的地形特征复原地形地貌一直为地学领域的难题。本文使用开源数据集提取地形特征要素,使用地形特征要素作为约束条件构建了用于生成DEM的条件生成对抗网络(Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks, CGAN),设计了基于开源DEM、开源DEM与遥感影像组合、以及5m高精度DEM提取地形特征要素生成DEM的对比实验,并对结果进行视觉效果、相关性分析以及地形因子的对比与评价。结果表明:(1)在视觉效果上,3种不同方式生成的DEM在视觉效果上均十分逼近原始5 m DEM,都远好于传统插值方法生成DEM,基于开源12.5m DEM提取要素和1m遥感影像的重建效果最接近于原始5 m DEM;(2)在相关性上,三种不同方式生成的DEM与原始5m DEM相关性均能达到0.75以上,组合开源数据提取要素重建DEM与原始5 m DEM相关性可达到0.85以上;(3)在地形因子方面,基于开源12.5 m DEM和1 m遥感影像提取要素重建DEM的坡度和坡向的分布趋势与原始5 m DEM最为一致。本文为高精度DEM建模提供了新的思路,在高精度DEM难以获取... 相似文献
6.
土壤湿度是地表水热交换过程和水文循环中的一个关键组成部分,获取高时空分辨率的土壤湿度数据一直是当前研究的热点。SMAP（Soil Moisture Passive and Active）主被动微波土壤湿度产品的精度高,但存在着空间分辨率低和时间分辨率缺失的问题,这限制了其在区域尺度上的应用,为解决这一问题得到更高时空分辨率的土壤湿度产品,本文利用广义回归神经网络模型（GRNN）模拟了MODIS地表温度、反射率、植被指数光学/热红外遥感数据以及高程、坡度、坡向、经纬度数据与SMAP土壤湿度的关系,从而将京津冀地区SMAP L2土壤湿度产品的时间分辨率由不连续（4~20 d）提升至1 d,空间分辨率由3 km提升至1 km,并扩展其在京津冀地区的空间覆盖范围。研究发现:① GRNN模型总体验证结果表明土壤湿度估算值与SMAP原始值的相关性较高（r=0.7392）,均方根误差（RMSE）为0.0757 cm3/cm3;② 不同季节典型日期的GRNN模型估算结果精度相差较大,春季处的相关性相比其他季节最低,精度相对较高（r春=0.6152,RMSE春=0.0653cm3/cm3）,秋季和夏季土壤湿度估算精度较为接近（r夏=0.6957,r秋=0.7053,RMSE夏=0.0754cm3/cm3,RMSE秋=0.0694cm3/cm3）,冬季的估算精度最高（r冬=0.8214,RMSE冬=0.0367cm3/cm3）;③ 2016年京津冀夏秋季节的土壤湿度较其他季节要显著提高,空间分布上坝上高原区域较低,而沿海地区的土壤湿度明显较高。本研究对京津冀地区的生态水文、气候预测以及干旱监测等应用领域具有重要价值。 相似文献
7.
具有空间结构的Lotka-Volterra模型的参数反演方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
孙振冰 《大地测量与地球动力学》2004,24(4):35-38
根据Lotka—Volterra模型具有时空结构的特点，结合卫星定轨理论，提出一种非线性反演的实用方法，这种方法原理可用于一般系统连续时空数学模型的反演问题。 相似文献
8.
Cuiping Kuang Yue Ma Binyu Wang Jueyi Sui Jie Gu Jianhui Liu Gang Lei 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,17(6):1290-1300
Breakwaters can be used as artificial headlands in beach nourishment to mitigate coastal erosion. Longfengtou Beach, located on the southwest coast of Haitan Bay facing the Taiwan Strait on the northeast, suffers severe erosion, where the monsoon causes significant season hydrodynamic variations. Headland breakwaters are intended to be employed to mitigate coastal erosion. A 2D sediment transport model is established using MIKE21 based on current-wave coupling and calibrated by measured data. Summer and winter wave conditions are chosen as characteristic weak and strong waves respectively. The numerical results of suspended sediment concentration and seasonal morphological evolution are compared under the conditions with and without the headland breakwaters. Sediment transport in summer can be regarded as mainly determined by current field, while in winter wave effect is strong enough to change current field. The northern breakwater, nearly perpendicular to the ebb current direction, obstructs the currents and decreases velocity of the ebb currents, and confines the water carrying sediments within the protection area during the flood period. The southern breakwater also breaks the waves in advance and significantly reduces the hydrodynamic effects during the flood period and maintains high suspended sediment concentration in the protection area. In general, two headland breakwaters decrease the erosion near the beach and enlarge the deposition area, which play a significant role in prevention of sediment loss in nearshore area and mitigate coastal erosion. 相似文献
9.
为了改善PPP的定位精度和收敛速度,提出一种有效的解决思路：在非差非组合模型PPP定位的基础上,附加高精度区域电离层先验信息约束,利用美国西海岸CORS网内183个参考站的观测数据进行区域电离层建模,获取高精度电离层延迟信息;通过实验对比分析无电离层组合模型、非差非组合模型和附加电离层约束的非差非组合模型3种算法的PPP定位表现,结果表明,附加电离层约束算法具有更好的模型几何强度,相比于前两种模型,在PPP定位过程前10 min,该算法可以显著提升PPP定位的收敛速度和定位精度。 相似文献
10.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(5)
Elastic waves in the seabed generated by low-frequency noise radiating from ships are known as ship seismic waves and can be used to detect and identify ships.To obtain the propagation characteristics of ship seismic waves,an algorithm for calculating seismic waves at the seafl oor is presented based on the staggered-grid fi nite diff erence method.The accuracy of the algorithm was tested by comparison with analytical solutions.Numerical simulation of seismic waves generated by a low-frequency point sound source in a typical shallow sea environment was carried out.Using various source frequencies and locations in the numerical simulation,we show that the seismic waves in the near fi eld are composed mostly of transmitted S-waves and interface waves while transmitted P-waves are weak near the seafl oor.However,in the far fi eld,the wave components of the seismic wave are mainly normal modes and interface waves,with the latter being relatively strong in the waveforms.As the source frequency decreases,the normal modes become smaller and the interface waves dominate the time series of the seismic waves. 相似文献
11.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(6)
Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China, and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics. However, analysis of the mechanism in which waves affect the thermodynamic process of sea ice is lacking, and the influence of waves is not taken into consideration in numerical models of sea ice, largely because of a lack of simultaneous observations of waves and sea ice. Using observational data of the sea ice cycle in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay(China), we analyzed the characteristics of hydrology, meteorology, and sea ice thickness during the formation of sea ice, and explored the changes in the interrelationships among heat fluxes, waves, and sea ice under actual sea conditions. The results could provide a decision-making support as a reference to the establishment and improvement of China's early warning system to sea ice disasters, and the protection of ice drilling operations and production platform safety. 相似文献
12.
手足口病（HFMD）是一种多发于儿童的常见传染病。近年来,中国HFMD发病人数逐年上升,疾病疫情也日益受到社会广泛关注。虽已有不少相关研究,但对于探测其时空异质性及量化潜在影响因子解释力的研究仍然较少。本文采用地理探测器及贝叶斯时空层次模型,对2009-2013年京津唐地区HFMD发病率的时空异质性进行分析,并量化各影响因子及其两两交互作用对HFMD发病率的解释力。结果表明：① HFMD的相对风险存在时间异质性,其发病风险在春夏季（5-7月）达到峰值,而冬季（12-次年2月）发病风险最低;② HFMD的相对风险存在空间异质性,在经济发达的地区HFMD发病率较高;③ 影响HFMD发病率时间异质性的主要气象因子为平均温度、累积降水、相对湿度,解释力分别为0.38,0.27,0.13,且交互作用都大于独自影响的作用,如平均温度和相对湿度、平均温度和降水,平均温度和风速两两交互的解释力分别为0.43, 0.40, 0.42。通过研究京津唐地区HFMD发病率的时空异质性以及影响因子的量化状况,为本地区HFMD的预防和控制提供理论依据。 相似文献
13.
From the analysis and the contrast of band-limited ray tracing method based on Kirchhoff integral,it was found that the method performs many approximations in the derivation process and omits the derivative term of the phase factor in the Kirchhoff integral. Numerical calculations and analysis show that the omission of correlation terms in Kirchhoff integrals has a non-negligible effect on the calculation results,and the different terms in the Kirchhoff integral have different effects on different frequency ranges. The method can be applied to velocity models containing complex interfaces without changing the velocity model and can be extended to elastic waves and continuous media. 相似文献
14.
针对近岸区域,基于Sentinel-3A合成孔径雷达观测数据,选取多阈值、ICE1、IceSheet和SAMOSA四种波形重跟踪算法,利用全球范围内27个验潮站海面高数据,分析近岸20 km范围内4种波形重跟踪算法的精度。结果表明,多阈值算法在近岸6 km范围内可保留最多的有效波形,且与验潮站海面高数据具有最高的相关性和最小的均方根误差;SAMOSA算法在离岸距离大于5 km时相对大地水准面稳定性最高,更适用于开阔海域。 相似文献
15.
针对传统海浪建模方法中存在海洋表面真实感差、计算复杂的问题,本文进行了基于光滑粒子流体动力学算法（SPH）与移动立方体算法（MC）相结合的海浪建模仿真研究。通过基于空间网格的粒子分配,建立了粒子群单向列表存储结构,在海浪粒子物理量计算时,实现了其光滑核半径内粒子群的快速检索,并基于拉格朗日流体控制方程,进行了海浪粒子受力分析及状态计算;在模拟海浪与环境障碍物碰撞时,将碰撞问题简化为粒子在一定时间段内所经过的路径与障碍物表面三角面片是否相交来进行判定,并假设粒子为理想刚体,采用改进的欧拉方法实现了粒子新位置的动态计算;为增强海浪流体模拟的真实感,在移动立方体节点密度动态计算基础上,依据确定的海浪表面密度阈值,耦合MC算法进行了海浪表面的动态提取,从而实现了海浪三维表面建模与动态演变仿真。通过模拟验证了该算法的时效性与可行性,可为海洋环境信息三维可视化提供一定的参考。 相似文献
16.
福建省海岸带脆弱生态环境信息图谱研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
陈菁 《地球信息科学学报》2010,12(2):159-166
海岸带是陆地和海洋的交接地带,随着沿海经济的发展和对外开放,对海岸带的各种开发活动,一方面促进了沿海地区的经济发展,另一方面也使海岸带面临的压力越来越大,如人口增多、资源消耗、环境污染严重等。此外,海岸带的自然灾害频繁,常见的有台风、干旱和地震,海岸带生态环境呈现出典型脆弱性的特征。以地学信息图谱的方法论对海岸带脆弱生态环境进行研究:首先,它依托由对地观测技术、实地调查及社会经济统计而建立起的时空数据库,通过数据挖掘与知识发现,产生征兆图谱;然后,结合评价和时空分析模型及G IS提取诊断图谱;最后,在预测模型的支持下产生实施图谱,从而形成决策方案。实践证明,通过信息图谱能够更直观地反映海岸带脆弱生态环境,包括其现状、驱动因素,以及未来变化趋势,为海岸带的可持续发展规划决策、环境管理,以及防灾减灾对策的制定提供重要的科学依据。 相似文献
17.
To a multibeam echo sounder system (MBES), under water sound refraction plays an important role in depth measure-ment accuracy, and errors in sound velocity profile lead to inaccuracies in the measured depth (especially for outer beams). A method is developed to estimate the sound velocity profile based on the depth measured by vertical beam. Using this depth and other pa-rameters, such as t (sound pulse propagation time), 0 (beam inclination angle), etc. We can estimate a simple sound velocity profile with which the depth error has been reduced. This method has been tested with a real dataset acquired in the East China Sea. 相似文献
18.
19.
土地利用/土地覆盖受人类活动和城市的快速扩张的影响发生了巨大的变化,这种变化对生态环境和地表景观的影响极大。土地利用/土地覆盖的变化过程既受自然、经济等多种因素的影响,也是人类活动规律和自然因素制约的外部表征。因此研究土地利用/土地覆盖的变化过程具有重要的意义。土地利用/覆盖变化的监测和分析,在传统的方法中侧重于分别对各个时空快照上土地利用结构的整体差异的研究,割裂了不同快照间土地利用单元在演化过程上的有机联系。本文以序列土地利用数据构成的土地变化过程为核心研究对象,在土地变化过程的最邻近时空距离度量的基础上,开展基于蒙特卡洛随机模拟的土地变化过程的时空聚集性度量,量化分析土地利用变化过程时空聚集模式的显著性。使用淮南市市辖区2008-2017年土地利用数据,选取典型的时空演化类型(任意2年间从"耕地"演变为"草地")进行实证研究,结果表明此类土地变化过程在过去10年呈现出时空聚集模式,但统计上并不显著。本文的研究有利于把握土地利用单元在时空上的演变过程,探查土地利用变化过程中潜在的时空演化模式。 相似文献
20.
Internal solitary waves(ISWs) are frequently observed in the area between Dongsha Island(DI) and Taiwan Island. However, there have been few in-situ observations southwest of DI. To improve our knowledge of ISWs in this area, we observed the ISWs over the continental shelf(115.4°E, 20.3°N) from Aug. 29 to Oct. 10, 2011 with temperature sensors and an acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP). The observations showed that the a fully developed ISW produced a current whose maximum westward velocity was 0.92 m/s and maximum northward velocity was 0.47 m/s. During the 41-day observation period the ISWs appeared for three periods with about 7-day gaps between each period. During each day, two types of ISWs were observed. The first type of wave arrived regularly diurnally at the same time each day, with a similar pattern to that of the type- a wave identified by Ramp et al.(2004). The second type arrived about 12 h after the first type and was delayed about 1 hour each day; this wave type was related to the type- b wave. Thus, our observations confirmed that both type- a and type- b waves can reach the area southwest of the DI. Moreover, the waves observed by the mooring propagated toward the directions of 270°–315° clockwise from true north, indicating obvious refraction from uneven topography around DI. 相似文献