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1.
A ca. 600 m thick siliciclastic succession in northern Russia contains abundant and diverse microfossils that document early to middle Ediacaran deposition along the northeastern margin of the East European Platform. The Vychegda Formation is poorly exposed but is well documented by a core drilled in the Timan trough region (Kel’tminskaya-1 borehole). Vychegda siliciclastics lie unconformably above Tonian to lower Cryogenian strata and below equivalents of the late Ediacaran Redkino succession that is widely distributed across the platform. The basal 10 m of the formation preserve acritarchs and fragments of problematic macrofossils known elsewhere only from pre-Sturtian successions. In contrast, the upper, nearly 400 m of the succession contains abundant and diverse large acanthomorphic acritarchs attributable to the Ediacaran Complex Acanthomorph Palynoflora (ECAP). This distinctive set of taxa is known elsewhere only from lower, but not lowermost, Ediacaran rocks. In between lies an additional assemblage of relatively simple filaments and stratigraphically long ranging sphaeromorphic acritarchs interpreted as early Ediacaran in age. Bearing in mind that knowledge of late Cryogenian (post-Strurtian/pre-Marinoan) microfossils is sparse, the Vychegda record is consistent with data from Australia and China which suggest that diverse ECAP microfossil assemblages appeared well into the Ediacaran Period. Accumulating paleontological observations underscore both the promise and challenges for the biostratigraphic characterization of the early Ediacaran Period. 相似文献
2.
晚埃迪卡拉纪全球海洋发生了大面积的缺氧,海洋化学结构呈现明显的非均质性,直接影响了埃迪卡拉型生物的演化与分布。四川盆地发育完整的晚埃迪卡拉系地层,以灯影组巨厚层碳酸盐岩沉积为代表。但是对于该套巨厚层碳酸盐岩沉积时的古海水氧化还原性质备受争议。为了解决这一问题,对川东北地区鹿池剖面的灯影组地层开展了系统的沉积学和稀土元素地球化学分析。该地区灯影组的岩石类型主要为泥微晶白云岩、黏连白云岩、叠层/层纹白云岩,以及溶蚀白云岩,沉积环境为开阔碳酸盐岩台地相。地球化学数据结果显示灯影组碳酸盐岩普遍具有较低的稀土总量(∑REE+Y值为0.4～3.3μg/g)、较低的Mn/Sr值(0.2～2.8)和较高的Fe含量(55.9～1 772.6μg/g)。灯影组的REE+Y配分曲线(经页岩标准化)可划分为四个阶段,且Ce异常指示该地区经历了弱氧化到弱还原再到缺氧状态,表明埃迪卡拉纪晚期海洋浅部水体也发生了缺氧现象。 相似文献
3.
《Cretaceous Research》2008,29(1):65-77
The faunas of three previously poorly known and highly fossiliferous limestones from the upper Lower Cretaceous of Texas are dominated by turritelline gastropods. These faunas consist of turritelline-dominated assemblages in the Whitestone Limestone Member of the Walnut Formation in Travis County (middle Albian), the Keys Valley Marl Member of the Walnut Formation in Coryell County (middle Albian), and the Fort Terrett Formation in Kimble County (middle Albian). A fourth high-spired gastropod assemblage in the Segovia Formation in Pecos County (upper Albian) is not dominated by turritellines. Two other turritelline-dominated assemblages in non-carbonate rocks from the Albian and Cenomanian of Texas and Oklahoma are also described. These turritelline-dominated assemblage occurrences add considerably to our knowledge of the facies occurrence of Cretaceous turritelline-dominated assemblages, and they are consistent with the global facies distribution of these assemblages: i.e., although they are widespread in siliciclastic facies from Cretaceous to Recent, turritelline-dominated assemblages in carbonate facies occur almost exclusively in the Cretaceous and Paleogene. 相似文献
4.
《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2015,56(4):549-559
The Vendian was proposed by B.S. Sokolov as a stratigraphic subdivision comprising the last of the Proterozoic glacial periods (the Laplandian Glaciation) and the overlying strata delineated by a full stratigraphic range of fossil soft-bodied organisms. For over three decades the Vendian had been an informal part of the Standard Global Chronostratigraphic Chart, until 2004, when it gave place to the new Ediacaran System. Further research has shown that the Ediacaran System significantly exceeds the stratigraphic range of the Vendian in Sokolov’s definition and includes stratigraphic analogs of the Laplandian Glaciation in sections across North America, Australia, Newfoundland, Scotland, Ireland, Chinese Tien Shan Range, and Tasmanian microcontinent. Carbon isotope variations in carbonates provide criteria for subdivision of the Ediacaran into two series. If a relationship between the Laplandian Glacial Period (600–580 Ma) and the negative excursions EN2 and EN3 on the 513C curve for the Doushantuo Formation of China is established, the Vendian might take its place in the Standard Global Chronostratigraphic Chart as a formal upper series of the Ediacaran System. The Vendian Series, in turn, might be further subdivided into the Laplandian, Redkinian, Belomorian, and Kotlinian stages typified by regional stages of the Vendian of the East European Platform. 相似文献
5.
A New Diverse Macrofossil Lagerstatte from the Uppermost Ediacaran of Southwestern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A new macrofossil Lagerstatte was discovered from the uppermost Ediacaran Jiucheng Member at Jinning and Jiangchuan of the eastern Yunnan, yielding numerous diverse well-preserved thallophyte macrofossils. These include the previously-known representatives of vendobionts, Vendotaenia and Tyrasotaenia, and the biggish multicellular benthos such as Otuaria-like and Tawuia-like fossils, as well as Longfengshaniaceaens with diverse holdfast structures. There are still some other problematic macrofossils with peculiar configurations as well as uncertain relatives. The distinct dominance of the giant, unbranching thallophytes occasionally with holdfast structures distinguishes this assemblage from the other Ediacaran macrofossil Lagerstattes in the Doushantuo Formation at Miaohe, Wenghui and Lantian, and the contemporary assemblage in the Shibantan Member of Dengying Formation, Yangtze Gorges area. This paper outlines the characteristics of some of the multicellular macrofossils from the Jiucheng Member at Jiangchuan. They include some macrofossils with different types of holdfast structure, larger Chuaria-like and Tawuia-like morphology and questionable affinities as well. The discovery of greater diverse macrofossil assemblages from the Jiucheng Member of eastern Yunnan has further indicated that an important diversification and evolutionary radiation of metaphytes took place in the latest Ediacaran time. This radiation of large-scale, benthic metaphyte along with phytoplankton was likely important contributors to the early Cambrian explosion of metazoans. 相似文献
6.
志留纪宁强组碳酸盐岩台地的时空演变及宁强湾的封闭 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
志留纪兰多维列世时扬子地台的陆表海的各部分先后上升为陆,至特列奇期末仅在局部地区残留海湾,其西北缘的宁强湾就是其中之一。在相当于ｇｒｉｅｓｔｏｎｅｎｓｉｓ带上部和ｓｐｉｒａｌｉｓ－ｇｒａｎｄｉｓ笔石带的宁强组内沉积了２０００多米厚的泥页岩夹碳酸盐岩,底栖生态组合指示的深度浅于潮下带下部。基底的快速沉降和来自周缘不同时期隆起区陆源碎屑的强烈均衡补偿充填是宁强湾沉积的主要特征。宁强湾开口于西面的广海,其它三面由大巴山率先升隆区和西乡上升区环绕,在陆源碎屑干扰较弱的时期和地点形成了局限碳酸盐岩台地的沉积建造。宁强组碳酸盐岩地层可分为８个主要形成期,每期形成的局限台地在不同部位发育了各种类型的生物岩隆,各期碳酸盐岩台地都是由于大量陆源碎屑泥质的盖覆而结束。宁强组的顶界从东北向西南穿时,指示了扬子地台西北缘在特列奇期末由东北而西南的最后抬升过程。 相似文献
7.
Pap illomembrana compta在贵州瓮安的发现——兼论陡山沱期大型具刺疑源类的对比及时代 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
首次报道贵州瓮安震旦系陡山沱组磷块岩中发现大型具刺疑源类 Papillomembrana compta。对震旦纪陡山沱期已发现的特色硅化或磷酸盐矿化大型具刺疑源类组合及国内外地层对比进行综合评述 ,结合同位素测年、化学地层和其他有关资料综合分析 ,对陡山沱组的年代问题进行探讨。现有研究资料表明 ,陡山沱组含大型具刺疑源类组合的层位应低于俄罗斯北部、澳大利亚、乌克兰、西伯利亚北部及加拿大纽芬兰等地发现多种典型伊迪卡拉期生物群的层位 ,年代应早于以伊迪卡拉期生物群爆发为标志的早期后生动物多样化的时段。 相似文献
8.
In Permian times the Baoshan Block of western Yunnan, southwest China formed the eastern part of the Cimmerian Continent. Most biogeographical and sedimentological data indicate that the Early Permian Dingjiazhai Formation formed on the block under conditions strongly influenced by the Permo-Carboniferous glaciation. After Early Permian rifting, with post-glaciation climatic amelioration, and as the Baoshan Block drifted northwards to approach South China and Indochina, faunal elements characteristic of Gondwana affinity decreased, while those of Cathaysian affinity increased. Finally, Late Permian faunas are characterized by exclusively Cathaysian elements. This shift of marine provinciality becomes an important indicator in understanding the Permian paleoclimatic evolution of the region. This research investigated the composition of carbonate grain associations and the early diagenetic features of limestones from the upper part of the Dingjiazhai Formation, and from the overlying Yongde and Shazipo formations. A sharp distinction in petrological and diagenetic features is recognized between the Dingjiazhai Formation and the two overlying formations. The Dingjiazhai carbonates are characterized by the bryonoderm (bryozoan-echinoderm)-extended facies of the heterozoan association, with no non-skeletal grains. Because early diagenetic cement was rarely formed, the Dingjiazhai carbonates experienced strong diagenetic compaction. In contrast, the Yongde and Shazipo carbonates show a chloroforam facies of photozoan association, with the common occurrence of non-skeletal grains. These carbonates were well cemented during early diagenetic processes. From comparison with Permian cool-water carbonates from northern Pangea and Tasmania, Australia, the Dingjiazhai carbonates are interpreted as deposits of warm-temperate conditions, while the overlying carbonates are considered to be deposits of subtropical or tropical conditions. This climatic interpretation, based on the petrographic features of the Permian carbonates, agrees well with existing biogeographical data from the region. 相似文献
9.
A new macrofossil Lagerstatte was discovered from the uppermost Ediacaran Jiucheng Member at Jinning and Jiangchuan of the eastern Yunnan, yielding numerous diverse well-preserved thallophyte macrofossils. These include the previously-known representatives of vendobionts, Vendotaenia and Tyrasotaenia, and the biggish multicellular benthos such as Chuaria-like and Tawuia- like fossiis, as well as Longfengshaniaceaens with diverse holdfast structures. There are still some other problematic macrofossils with peculiar configurations as well as uncertain relatives. The distinct dominance of the giant, unbranching thallophytes occasionally with holdfast structures distinguishes this assemblage from the other Ediacaran macrofossil Lagerstattes in the Doushantuo Formation at Miaohe, Wenghui and Lantian, and the contemporary assemblage in the Shibantan Member of Dengying Formation, Yangtze Gorges area. This paper outlines the characteristics of some of the multicellular macrofossils from the Jiucheng Member at Jiangchuan. They include some macrofossils with different types of holdfast structure, larger Chuaria-like and Tawuia-like morphology and questionable affinities as well. The discovery of greater diverse macrofossil assemblages from the Jiucheng Member of eastern Yunnan has further indicated that an important diversification and evolutionary radiation of metaphytes took place in the latest Ediacaran time. This radiation of largescale, benthic metaphyte along with phytoplankton was likely important contributors to the early Cambrian explosion of metazoans. 相似文献
10.
中国云南东部晋宁、江川地区的伊迪卡拉（震旦）系顶部灯影组旧城段新发现了多样的宏体化石群，除了丰富的Vendotaenia与Tyrasotaenia类化石以外，以形体较大的Tawuia类和Longfengshaniaceae科等具固着构造的底栖多细胞藻类化石占据优势，另有一些形态奇特、亲缘关系不明的宏体化石，该组合与华南陡山沱组和灯影组石板滩段的宏体化石组合相比存在着明显的差别。依据形态特征，本文概述了部分产自江川旧城段的具有不同类型固着构造的底栖藻类和归属不明的宏体化石特征。华南滇东地区旧城段形态多样的宏体藻类化石的发现，进一步表明伊迪卡拉纪末期存在后生植物的多样化发展。这一时期浮游微生物和后生植物的共同繁盛可能为早寒武世“澄江生物群”的爆发奠定了生态基础。 相似文献
11.
Silicified carbonates of the late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic Society Cliffs Formation, Baffin Island, contain distinctive microfabrics and microbenthic assemblages whose paleo-environmental distribution within the formation parallels the distribution of these elements through Proterozoic time. In the Society Cliffs Formation, restricted carbonates--including microdigitate stromatolites, laminated tufa, and tufted microbial mats--consist predominantly of synsedimentary cements; these facies and the cyanobacterial fossils they contain are common in Paleoproterozoic successions but rare in Neoproterozoic and younger rocks. Less restricted tidal-flat facies in the formation are composed of laminated microbialites dominated by micritic carbonate lithified early, yet demonstrably after compaction; these strata contain cyanobacteria that are characteristic in Neoproterozoic rocks. Within the formation, the facies-dependent distribution of microbial populations reflects both the style and timing of carbonate deposition because of the strong substrate specificity of benthic cyanobacteria. A reasonable conclusion is that secular changes in microbenthic assemblages through Proterozoic time reflect a decrease in the overall representation of rapidly lithified carbonate substrates in younger peritidal environments, as well as concomitant changes in the taphonomic window of silicification through which early life is observed. 相似文献
12.
The Wapiti Formation in west-central Alberta preserves one of the most diverse Late Cretaceous terrestrial track records yet identified in Canada. At least seven morphotypes are recognized and attributed to mammals, small reptiles or amphibians, tyrannosaurids, medium-sized theropods, hadrosaurids, and ankylosaurs. Most tracks occur isolated on slump blocks associated with latest Campanian (Wapiti Formation unit 4) exposures found along Pipestone Creek and Red Willow River. With the possible exception of hadrosaurids, tracks provide some of the most compelling evidence for the occurrence of such taxa within the Wapiti Formation ecosystem. The apparent absence of ceratopsian tracks is surprising considering their bones are abundantly preserved in nearby monodominant bonebeds. The overall faunal signal represented by the Wapiti Formation trackmakers is typical of and consistent with other coeval assemblages in similar environments. The Wapiti Formation tracks, combined with the known fossil bone record, provide another data point in a growing palaeobiogeographical picture of the dinosaur faunas of high-latitude northwestern North America during the Late Cretaceous. 相似文献
13.
V. N. Sergeev N. M. Chumakov M. A. Semikhatov N. G. Vorob’eva 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2013,21(1):1-7
Microfossils from silicified varieties of cap dolomites crowning the section of the tillite-bearing Lower Vendian (Ediacaran) Churochnaya Formation in the Polyudov Range (North Urals) are characterized. These microfossils are the first to be found from Vendian sections of the region and from all the terminal post-glacial sediments, one of the most significant global glaciation Marinoan of the African Glacial Era, when glaciers reached the equator. They are represented by remains of hormogonian and chrococcacean cyanobacteria as well as possible green filamentous algae. This microbiotic assemblage is of relatively low diversity, being composed of taxa with wide stratigraphic ranges characteristic of Proterozoic conservative microbiotas developed in shallow-water siliceous-carbonate facies. The lack of phytoplanktonic microfossils in this biota including Pertatataka-type acanthomorphic acritarchs or Ediacaran Complex Acanthomorph Palynoflora (ECAP) is also consistent with the conclusion on shallow-water deposition of the Churochnaya Formation. Moreover, most cyanobacteria representatives occurring in the latter are characteristic of shallow-water arid environments that confirm a theory of significant temperature increase during accumulation of the cap dolomites after termination of the above-mentioned glaciation. In addition to these microfossils, the cap dolomite member of the Churochnaya Formation contains filamentous and coccoidal pseudofossils formed under influence of post-sedimentary fluids. In their morphometric parameters, they resemble structures described from Archean sections as microfossil remains, which may be a key to interpreting their nature. 相似文献
14.
埃迪卡拉(震旦)系是元古代第2次大氧化事件(NOE)后形成的具有良好生储盖条件的碳酸盐岩沉积组合,已在四川盆地获得原生气藏勘探重大突破,但德阳—安岳台内裂陷及周缘区灯影组划分对比尚不统一,制约了对台缘带丘滩体横向分布特征的认识。基于露头、钻井和地震资料,通过岩石学、电性和地球化学特征分析,开展了灯影组地层层序重新厘定,在此基础上对灯影组岩相古地理进行了重建,取得以下研究成果: (1)建立了宁强胡家坝灯影组典型剖面,明确了灯影组分段岩性组合特征,指出高石131X、中江2、蓬探1井原划分的灯二段应归属灯四段,台缘带灯四段具有三分性,特征明显,并构建了等时地层格架。 (2)明确了等时地层格架内丘滩体迁移规律,即德阳—安岳台内裂陷东段灯四段台缘丘滩体垂直相带展布方向呈由东向西进积、平行相带方向呈由南向北迁移特征,灯四下亚段丘滩体发育于南部的川中古隆起一带,灯四中亚段丘滩体发育于中部太和区块,灯四上亚段丘滩体则发育于北部的宁强区块。(3)根据灯四下、中、上亚段构造-岩相古地理特征,预测了德阳—安岳台内裂陷及周缘灯影组有利储集层展布,对指导天然气勘探具重要意义。川中古隆起、太和区块和宁强区块均位于震旦纪同一台缘带上,南部的川中古隆起已探明安岳万亿立方米大气田,中部的太和区块含气规模达万亿立方米的大气区已初步明朗,北部的宁强区块也具备形成万亿立方米大气区的有利条件。 相似文献
15.
火星次生含水蚀变矿物是火星地质历史时期水环境和气候演变历史的真实记录,一直以来都是火星探测、火星陨石研究的重点,是认识火星环境特征和气候演化的重要研究对象。文中对比研究了表土角砾岩NWA7034、火成堆晶岩MIL03346等两块最富蚀变矿物火星陨石,以及Gale撞击坑出露的Sheepbed泥岩3种岩石类型的蚀变程度及其蚀变矿物类型和组合,分析了层状硅酸盐、铁氧化物/氢氧化物、钙硫酸盐等蚀变矿物的成因及环境指示意义。发现这3类岩石的蚀变作用各不相同。火星陨石NWA7034的蚀变作用以氧化和加热作用为主,无蒸发盐类矿物。火星陨石MIL03346的蚀变程度最低,为后期水溶液进入缝隙而引发的,蚀变作用以橄榄石的伊利石化、裂隙和缝隙中填充次生矿物细脉为主。而火星Sheepbed泥岩经历了后期的等化学风化过程(isochemical weathering),次生过程包括成岩蚀变和成岩后蚀变两个阶段。其中,成岩过程中的蚀变以橄榄石蚀变为铁氧化物和蒙皂石矿物为主,成岩后以形成蒸发盐类矿物硫酸钙为主。以上3种岩石蚀变矿物组成差异反映了火星上不同地质背景中、不同气候条件下蚀变过程的复杂性。文中对火星含水矿物及部分典型矿物的形成条件和过程进行系统总结,这对于理解未来火星探测任务、识别含水矿物的形成、揭示火星水环境和地质历史具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
16.
在峡东陡山沱组黑色燧石中前人报道了多种多样的具刺疑源类化石，笔者最近重新研究了陡山沱组岩石切片中的具刺疑源类，发现微化石三维地保存了几乎没蚀变的条件下，这个生物群落包括Filis phaeridi-um,Baltisphaeridium,Comasphaeridium和Tianzhushania等分子，它们中的Tianzhushania在外表及形态上可与产自挪威斯瓦尔巴德群岛晚里菲岩层中的Trachyhstrichosphaera aimika比较，Trachyhystrichosphaera aimika是晚前寒武纪最特殊和分布最广的一个分子，目前已知至少产自世界上15个地区的晚里菲岩层中，对于新古元代前文德地层似乎是一个出色的指示化石，产自陡山沱组的Tianzhushania似乎支持Butterfield的观点，即：陡山沱组硅化碳酸盐沉积的年代早于伊迪卡拉后生物多样化的时期，但是，由于化石只发展于少数岩石薄片中，因此，这些化石或许只代表峡东陡山沱组局部的生态环境。文中还讨论了陡山沱组的沉积环境及化石的保存。 相似文献
17.
埃迪卡拉(震旦)系是元古代第2次大氧化事件(NOE)后形成的具有良好生储盖条件的碳酸盐岩沉积组合,已在四川盆地获得原生气藏勘探重大突破,但德阳—安岳台内裂陷及周缘区灯影组划分对比尚不统一,制约了对台缘带丘滩体横向分布特征的认识。基于露头、钻井和地震资料,通过岩石学、电性和地球化学特征分析,开展了灯影组地层层序重新厘定,在此基础上对灯影组岩相古地理进行了重建,取得以下研究成果: (1)建立了宁强胡家坝灯影组典型剖面,明确了灯影组分段岩性组合特征,指出高石131X、中江2、蓬探1井原划分的灯二段应归属灯四段,台缘带灯四段具有三分性,特征明显,并构建了等时地层格架。 (2)明确了等时地层格架内丘滩体迁移规律,即德阳—安岳台内裂陷东段灯四段台缘丘滩体垂直相带展布方向呈由东向西进积、平行相带方向呈由南向北迁移特征,灯四下亚段丘滩体发育于南部的川中古隆起一带,灯四中亚段丘滩体发育于中部太和区块,灯四上亚段丘滩体则发育于北部的宁强区块。(3)根据灯四下、中、上亚段构造-岩相古地理特征,预测了德阳—安岳台内裂陷及周缘灯影组有利储集层展布,对指导天然气勘探具重要意义。川中古隆起、太和区块和宁强区块均位于震旦纪同一台缘带上,南部的川中古隆起已探明安岳万亿立方米大气田,中部的太和区块含气规模达万亿立方米的大气区已初步明朗,北部的宁强区块也具备形成万亿立方米大气区的有利条件。 相似文献
18.
New specimens of the enigmatic Ediacara-type fossil Palaeopascichnus have been identified from the upper part of the Neoproterozoic Ranford Formation in the Kimberley region, northwest Australia. New material is morphologically similar to Palaeopascichnus and represents the largest species of this genus. They resemble the present-day xenophyophore protists in chamber morphology and growth patterns, supporting the interpretation that Palaeopascichnus is possibly a xenophyophore body fossil rather than a trace fossil. Stratigraphic correlation reveals that the new Palaeopascichnus specimens are preserved in the interglacial successions between the Landrigan/Marinoan and Egan/Ediacaran glaciations. If correlation with the early Ediacaran formations of South Australia is accepted, this represents the earliest known identifiable member of the Ediacara biota. New fossil record fills the evolutionary gap between the Cryogenian and Ediacaran animal assemblages and well-known Ediacaran biota. The new Palaeopascichnus specimens represent the first record of Ediacara-type fossils in Kimberley, and suggest the probability that additional Ediacaran fossils may be found in northwestern Australia. 相似文献
19.
The Carrancas Formation outcrops in east-central Brazil on the southern margin of the São Francisco craton where it comprises the base of the late Neoproterozoic Bambuí Group. It is overlain by the basal Ediacaran cap carbonate Sete Lagoas Formation and was for a long time considered to be glacially influenced and correlative with the glaciogenic Jequitaí Formation. New stratigraphic, isotopic and geochronologic data imply that the Carrancas Formation was instead formed by the shedding of debris from basement highs uplifted during an episode of minor continental rifting. Reddish dolostones in the upper Carrancas Formation have δ13C values ranging from +7.1 to +9.6‰, which is a unique C isotopic composition for the lowermost Bambuí Group but similar to values found in the Tijucuçu sequence, a pre-glacial unit in the Araçuaí fold belt on the eastern margin of the São Francisco craton. The stratigraphic position below basal Ediacaran cap carbonates and the highly positive δ13C values together indicate a Cryogenian interglacial age for the Carrancas Formation, with the high δ13C values representing the so-called Keele peak, which precedes the pre-Marinoan Trezona negative δ13C excursion in other well characterized Cryogenian sequences. Hence, The Carrancas Formation pre-dates de Marinoan Jequitaí Formation and represents an interval of Cryogenian stratigraphy not previously known to occur on the southern margin of São Francicso craton. Documentation of Cryogenian interglacial strata on the São Francisco craton reinforces recent revisions to the age of Bambuí Group strata and has implications for the development of the Bambuí basin. 相似文献
20.
Udo Zimmermann Daniel G. Poir�� Luc��a G��mez Peral 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2011,100(2-3):489-510
The Cryogenian to Uppermost Ediacaran successions of the Tandilia System (Sierras Bayas Group and Cerro Negro Formation) in central-eastern Argentina is exceptional because of its unmetamorphosed and nearly undeformed character, its sediment provenance trend and the absence of any identified glacial deposit and the deposition of warm water carbonates. We decipher a dramatic change in the basin evolution from small-scale depositional areas during the Neoproterozoic to a larger basin related to an active continental margin throughout the Uppermost Ediacaran. The base of the succession is represented by immature detritus of alkaline composition (Villa Mónica Formation), but towards the top of this formation, the material is sorted and reworked, nonetheless still reflecting in its detritus the local rocks. The clastic deposition is interrupted by diagenetic overprinted dolomites. The unconformable overlying quartz-arenitic Ediacaran Cerro Largo Formation reworked the Cryogenian Villa Mónica Formation and contains mainly felsic granitic and metamorphic basement material of slightly wider variety, while the dominant alkaline geochemical signature in rocks of the Villa Mónica Formation disappears. Based on diagenetic, petrographic and sedimentological data, we can interpret the unconformity representing a longer time of erosion. The Cerro Largo Formation shows a transition to mudstones and the heterolithic facies of the Olavarría Formation. The top of the Sierras Bayas Group is represented by limestones (Loma Negra Formation), which are discordantly overlain by the Uppermost Ediacaran Cerro Negro Formation. The latter displays detrital material derived from a continental arc, mafic and felsic sources. Several arc-related geochemical proxies (Th/Sc?<?0.8; Zr/Sc?<?10; La/Sc?<?2; Ti/Zr?>?20) are recorded in the sediment detritus, as are syn-depositional pyroclastites. The absence of volcanic material in the underlying rocks allows proposing that the Cerro Negro Formation is related to an active continental margin fringing Gondwana (??Terra Australis Orogen??) as a retro-arc or retro-arc foreland basin. 相似文献