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一、充分认识建立海域有偿使用制度的重要性和必要性建立海域有偿使用制度,是由海域所有权的属性、我国社会主义市场经济规律的内在要求和国家实施对海洋管理的有效手段等原因决定的。具体可从以下几个方面加以说明：1．海域有偿使用符合党和国家的有关政策江泽民同志在党的十五大的报告中指出：“统筹规划国土资源开发和整治,严格执行土地、水、森林。矿产、海洋等资源管理和保护的法律。实施资源有偿使用制度。”李鹏同志在八届全国人大四次、五次会议和九届全国人大一次会议的政府工作报告中都指出：“积极开发海洋资源,尽快完善自然… 相似文献
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1993年6月,财政部和国家海洋局共同颁布了《国家海域使用管理暂行规定》,建立了我国海域使用的管理制度。为便于理解和执行,现将本项制度的产生背景、基本内容以及执行中可能遇到的一些问题介绍如下。 相似文献
3.
盐城市作为国家第二批海域使用管理示范区，通过一年多的艰苦工作，取得了良好的成绩。全市共登记海域使用申请５３８份，登记使用海域面积３２０万多亩，海域使用登记率达１００％，完成了大比例尺功能区划的编制，起草了４个规范性文件，海域管理工作实现了明显转变：一是海域使用管理由有法不依、无序用海向科学管理、依法用海转变。《暂行规定》确定的两项制度已纳入规范化、法制化管理轨道，海域使用许可证制度基本建立。广大海域使用者根据需要，依法申请登记用海，初步改变了以往自由放任，擅自占用海域的现象；二是海域使用者初步树… 相似文献
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80年代以来,随着人们对开发利用海洋及其资源重要性的认识不断提高,我国海洋经济发展迅猛,到1998年,海洋经济国民生产总值已达3000多亿元人民币。 但是,由于我国海域管理工作相对比较滞后,海洋法律制度不完善,特别是缺少一部综合性的管理法规,因此海域使用活动长期处于 相似文献
5.
1998年是国际海洋年。最近,山东省蓬莱市政府为了以实际行动迎接国际海洋年,切实加强海域统一规划、综合管理和确权发证工作,实现海洋经济的可持续发展,制定了六项措施。 一是沿海各乡镇政府要认真学习贯彻《蓬莱市海域使用管理暂行规定》,广泛深入地进行宣传教育,提高广大干部群众合理用海、依法 相似文献
6.
海域使用制度与海洋综合管理 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
联合国及其有关国际海洋组织,在最近的十几年中,基于“海洋区域的种种问题彼此密切相关,必须作为整体加以考虑”的强烈认识,一直号召各沿海国家为了维护海洋的可持续发展,应实施海洋综合管理。１９９２年在里约热内卢召开的联合国环境与发展大会上通过的《２１世纪议... 相似文献
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海域使用权抵押是不动产权利的抵押,是债的一种担保形式。海域使用权抵押使资金融通更为便利,为经营者提供重要的筹资渠道,活跃海域开发利用活动的作用显而易见。目前在实践中,已经出现海域使用权抵押的案例。而调整海域使用权抵押的法律规定仅在《海域使用权登记办法》中出现,海域使用权抵押的法律研究与立法都存在着严重的滞后现象。为此,笔者对以下五个有关海域使用权抵押的法律问题做一探讨,与相关人士共同切磋与交流。一、海域抵押权概念、设定1. 海域抵押权的概念在我国,海域抵押是指海域使用权人在法律许可的范围内,在不转移海域占有… 相似文献
9.
我国的海域使用管理在1998年11月6日～7日国家海洋局和财政部联合召开的“全国海域使用管理工作会议”后,出现了一个新的局面。全国各地加快了海域使用立法,加强了示范区的建设和管理,积极推进大比例尺海洋功能区划工作和海域使用调查、登记、确权和换证工作。 相似文献
10.
今年是《中华人民共和国海域使用管理法》（以下简称《海域法》）实施的第一年，我愿就依法加强海洋管理特别是海域使用管理的问题，从主管部门的角度谈点意见，同大家一起探讨。一、加强海洋管理已成为当今时代潮流自《联合国海洋法公约》生效以来，联合国对国际海洋事务越来越重视。１９９３年第４８届联大决议，敦促沿海国把海洋综合管理列入国家发展议程；从１９９７年以来，联合国秘书长每年都向联大作海洋事务报约》协调各国与海洋有关的利益关系，联合国成立了国际海底管理局、国际海洋法法庭、大陆架界线委员会等一系列专门海洋机构… 相似文献
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The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
18.
Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
19.
The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献
20.
A. G. Zatsepin N. N. Golenko A. O. Korzh V. V. Kremenetskii V. T. Paka S. G. Poyarkov P. A. Stunzhas 《Oceanology》2007,47(3):301-312
An analysis of the data of measurements of the fine structure and microstructure fluctuations of hydrophysical fields in the upper 200-m layer of the Black Sea carried out using CTD profilers and a Baklan free falling microstructure and turbulence profiler revealed the existence of a positive correlation between the intensity of the fine structure and microstructure fluctuations and the dynamics of the currents. On the other hand, the level of the fine structure and microstructure fluctuations reflects the rate of the vertical turbulent exchange. It was shown that, in the case of the absence of the Black Sea Rim Current (BSRC) jet or clearly manifested mesoscale eddy structures, the vertical turbulent exchange in the pycnocline is weak, while, in the opposite case, it is stronger. The results obtained support the supposition that the interbasin dynamics play an important role in the maintenance of the rate of small-scale mixing in the pycnocline and halocline and provide the vertical transport of dissolved oxygen from the cold intermediate layer into the deeper layers of the sea. 相似文献