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1.
Ramin Sarikhani Zahra Kamali Artimes Ghassemi Dehnavi Reza Zarei Sahamieh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(7):2369-2387
The NE-oriented Dasht-e-Arjan graben is located 65 km west of Shiraz and has resulted from the active Kare-e-Bas fault segmentations. This extensional graben bounded by two fault system east-Arjan and west-Arjan to the Shahneshin and Salamati anticline. In these study using Landsat 7 ETM images with resolution 2.5 m and directional filtering in the four azimuths and semi-automatic technique for linear structure in the study area. Using the obtained data from extracted lineaments, the rose diagrams of the main strike lineaments are well confirm with field measurements of faults with N56° ± 4°E direction. The structural lineaments of the study area show that the Dasht-e-Arjan area is underlain by the limestone, sandstone, and marl. LANDSAT imagery of the area has been analyzed and interpreted in order to determine the lineament and groundwater quality across the area. The fracture is structurally controlled and mostly influences both the groundwater and surface water pollution and flow directions in the Dasht-e-Arjan. Using visual interpretation, determining the lineaments on the satellite image is very difficult and subjective, and it requires an experienced interpreter. In this study, the lineament analysis is undertaken to examine the orientation of the lineament, the relationship between lineaments and tectonic features and groundwater quality. Lineament density maps show that the lineament density is high around areas. Areas having high lineament density represent areas with relatively high groundwater pollution. Field observations agreed with the results from the analysis of the imagery. 相似文献
2.
Lineament extraction and analysis is one of the routine work in mapping medium and large areas using remote sensing data, most of which are satellite images. Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper （ETM） of 945×1 232 pixels subscene acquired on 21 March 2000 covering the northwestern part of Yunnan Province has been digitally processed using ER Mapper software. This article aims to produce lineament density map that predicts favorable zones for hydrothermal mineral occurrences and quantify spatial associations between the known hydrothermal mineral deposits. In the process of lineament extraction a number of image processing techniques were applied. The extracted lineaments were imported into MapGIS software and a suitable grid of 100 m×100 m was chosen. The Kriging method was used to create the lineament density map of the area. The results show that remote sensing data could be useful to extract the lineaments in the area. These lineaments are closely correlated with the faults obtained through other geological investigation methods. On comparing with field data the lineament-density map identifies two important high prospective zones, where large-scale deposits are already existing. In addition the map highlights unrecognized target areas that require follow up investigation. 相似文献
3.
Computer-assisted enhancement of scanned historical airphotos demonstrates successful detection and mapping of subsurface archaeological features. Results show a locally adaptive contrast enhancement filter produced the best resolution of lineaments. Such enhancements can enable reconstruction of protohistoric architecture despite modern construction. The city-state of Idalion is used here as a case study to demonstrate enhancement. Results are confirmed by excavation of Idalion architecture. Idalion was a thriving metropolis during Cypro-Archaic to Roman times, surrounded by a 9.6 km defensive wall. The area within may still contain significant amounts of unmapped architecture. Some of this architecture was mapped previously from aerial photographs using manual interpretation techniques, but never excavated as proof of detection. Guided by enhanced imagery, our excavations confirmed the location of five towers/bastions along the city wall. Enhanced airphotos also revealed a region disturbed by contemporary construction of a water pipeline. Such information is important to archaeologists planning digs, and can be acquired using standard digital image processing techniques. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
4.
Quantitative modeling of groundwater in Satluj River basin of Rupnagar district of Punjab using remote sensing and geographic information system 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Chander Kumar Singh Satyanarayan Shashtri Amit Singh Saumitra Mukherjee 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,62(4):871-881
Water is a fluctuating resource making it difficult to measure in time and in space. To demonstrate the efficiency of the
geographic information system (GIS) for groundwater studies, information on the parameters controlling groundwater such as
lithology, geomorphology and lineament analysis were analyzed. LISS-III and Landsat satellite image of the area was used to
infer information on the geologic lineaments and geomorphology. To delineate linear features enhancement and direction, filtering
was performed on single bands of Landsat images. Thematic maps for geology, slope, geomorphology and lineament were prepared
and integrated in GIS by assigning the weights and ranking to various parameters controlling the occurrence of groundwater
to generate the groundwater potential map for the study area. The results indicate that the floodplain of river and its adjoining
areas have very good groundwater potential, whereas the steeply sloping area in the northern part having high relief and slope
possesses poor groundwater potential. 相似文献
5.
Mohammed Benaafi Mustafa Hariri Osman Abdullatif Mohammed Makkawi Abdulaziz Al-Shaibani 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(5):106
The Wajid Group is a Cambro-Permian sedimentary succession in southwest Saudi Arabia. This group is a well-known groundwater aquifer in the Wadi Al-Dawasir and Najran areas. The group also represents siliciclastic hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Rub' Al-Khali Basin. The Wajid Group is exposed in an area extending from Wadi Al-Dawasir southward to Najran city. This study aims to map and characterize the lineament traces of the Wajid Group outcrops. Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS satellite images with 30-m resolution, Spot-5 satellite images with 2.5-m resolution and SRTM digital elevation models (DEM) with 30-m resolution were used for lineament trace detection. Those lineament traces supplemented by aeromagnetic lineaments detected from reduced to pole magnetic anomaly map of the studied outcrop. Multi-scale lineament trace maps were generated, and the lineament datasets, including orientation and length, were analyzed statistically. Eight lineament trace trends were identified including NW-SE, NNW-SSE, N-S, NNE-SSW, NE-SW, ENE-WSW, E-W, and WNW-ESE. The northerly, northwesterly, and northeasterly trending lineament traces are predominant. The lineament trace lengths are generally followed the power law distribution. The lineament trace trends were validated through field investigation of the Wajid Group outcrop. The reported outcrop fracture trends are consistent with major lineament trace trends. Lineaments within the Wajid Group outcrop are also consistent with those of the southern portion of the Arabian Shield. The results of this study provide insight into the tectonic origin of the Wajid Group outcrop lineaments, and understanding of the lineaments distribution which can help to predict the fluid flow behavior within the groundwater fractured aquifers or hydrocarbon fractured reservoirs in Rub’ Al-Khali Basin. 相似文献
6.
Under the WCoE/IPL project, Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) and ASTER GDEM data were used to analyze factors associated with frequent debris flow and rock-debris avalanche on the Nigeria-Cameroon mountain range. Detailed processing of the ETM+ imageries of the vulnerable portions on the western part of Adamawa plateau was carried out to identify structural trends relatable to the slope failures. The processing identified the structural characteristics of the study area and clearly distinguished the lineaments associated with the debris flow and rock-debris avalanches. The strongly weathered and fragmented gneissic rocks, shallow groundwater table, as well as the distribution of faults and joint sets were significant factors predisposing the slopes to rapid movements. Recent landslides occurred at the locations with high lineament density and in areas close to major faults and long lineaments. The interaction among the moving mass, slope geometry, local geology, topography, and drainage then resulted in a long runout and a high degree of spreading. Analysis of the ASTER–GDEM delineated landforms, slope morphology, and drainage patterns, which was not possible with conventional mapping techniques. Integration of these results yielded reasonable interpretation of the predisposing factors for the long runout failures and provided logical basis for future landslide susceptibility analysis in the area. Accurate investigation of the predisposing factors and characteristics of landslides in environments that have experienced past failures is therefore important in understanding areas that may be susceptible to landsliding in future. 相似文献
7.
The relationship between major structural lineaments and locations of ore deposits in Iran has been investigated using geospatial data. In the course of lineament extraction, satellite images, aeromagnetic data, digital elevation model (DEM) and structural maps were processed and the lineaments and large-scale faults were identified. The extracted lineaments, based on subjective assessment, from each dataset were imported into GIS software and the “lineament map of Iran” was prepared by data integration. The analysis for selecting significant lineament was mainly based on fault correlated lineament and lineament with field map fractures, which was sets as benchmarks for compiling a final output map. Four major regional lineament trends of N–S, E–W, NW–SE and NE–SW were identified in the data of all images, which are corresponded to the structural zones and the major fault systems of Iran. The mineral deposits (active and abandoned) and mineral indications database compiled are based on the published maps, papers, reports and the ore deposits data files of Geological Survey of Iran. Integrating the output of these two datasets by GIS software resulted in the “Combined Map of Lineaments and Gold, Copper, Lead, Zinc and Iron Deposits of Iran”. The number and distance of ore deposits toward the lineaments were processed by the counting and cumulative methods in the GIS software's. Approximately, over 90% of the ore deposits of Iran are located in the central part of the lineaments (15 km on each side) which are concordant with a definition of large lineament. About 50% of these mineral deposits are closer than 5 km to the lineaments. There are significant correlations between lineament density and intersections with ore deposits occurrences. The observed associations at this scale are informative in establishing exploration strategy and decreasing exploration risks for detailed work on ore deposit scale. 相似文献
8.
欧亚大陆风云影像线性构造信息提取及其地质分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过欧亚大陆风云影像的空间增强、光谱增强、辐射增强等系列处理和地质解释 ,提取了发育于该区的各种线性构造的相关信息。根据性质和规模将线性构造划分为大洋俯冲带、大陆俯冲带、大陆碰撞带、巨型线性构造、区域线性构造和局部线性构造等六类。文中重点介绍了乌拉尔—阿曼巨型线性构造带和阿尔卑斯大陆碰撞带的影像特征和地质意义。根据各类线性构造的特征和相互关系 ,突出了乌拉尔—阿曼和伊尔库茨克—横断山两条巨型线性构造带的地位 ,并以它们为界划分了三个构造域 :西亚构造域以印度板块的俯冲为特色 ,导致青藏高原的隆升和陆内强烈变形 ;东亚构造域最为重要的特征是太平洋板块的俯冲 ,形成一系列岛弧体系 ,并使大陆内部出现大量岩浆活动和强烈的构造变动 ;欧洲构造域主要为非洲—阿拉伯板块与欧洲板块的碰撞 ,二者之间没有明显的俯冲带 ,而有一个较宽广的接触带 ,强烈的变形集中在这一带内 ,而大陆内部的构造变动比较微弱。这种构造格局在欧亚大地水准面异常图上有明显反映 ,表明与深部地质作用过程有关。三个构造域的主导线性构造的方向组成了一个向南弯曲的弧形 ,弧顶位于西亚构造域。大陆巨型线性构造带呈经向和纬向展布 ,具长期发育特征 ,从更大尺度上看 ,板块边界线性构造也是呈经向和纬? 相似文献
9.
Adel Zein Bishta 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(9):3513-3526
Wadi Baba–Wadi Shalal area locates in the westcentral part of Sinai, Egypt. It is covered by a Precambrian basement rocks comprise the northern part of the Precambrian Arabo-Nubian crystalline massive. The lithologic and structural setting of the investigated area was interpreted from the digital Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data. The structural lineament analyses for the lithologic units and their relationships to the high-radioactivity zones (HRZ) and the characterizations of HRZ of the study area are the main tasks of this article. Extraction algorithm was applied using Geomatica PCI package under the user defined parameters. The extracted structural lineaments have been evaluated and chicked using the visual interpretation and published works. The short-wave infrared spectral ETM+ band-7 was selected as an optimum data for automatic lineaments extraction since it scored the highest lineament frequency (1856) compared to the other visible and near infrared bands. The aeroradiometric color raster total count equivalent thorium (eTh) and equivalent uranium (eU) maps were used to delineate the highest radioactivity zones of the study area. A selective image processing technique (SIPT) is a new approach in Geomatica (9.1), which gives rise to valuable results in this work. The SIPT was carried out for the subset of the ETM+ data of the highest radioactivity zones. The spatial distribution of the structural lineament pattern maps for some low-radioactivity zones (LRZ) and for the highest radioactivity zones of the study area are prepared with their frequency rose diagrams. The NE–SW trend is the predominant structural lineaments trend in the investigated area. The NE–SW to the ENE–WSW directions are the predominant structural lineament trends in both the LRZ and the HRZ. These high-radioactivity zones of the investigated area are characterized by high lineaments density and lineaments-intersection density, restricted to Um Bogma Formation and younger granitic rocks and are not controlled by structural lineament trends. 相似文献
10.
Komal?Rani Arindam?Guha Sanjit?Kumar?Pal 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,91(6):671-678
The present study deals with the delineation of lineaments over Sir Creek offshore and its surroundings from EGM2008 gravity data using various derivative techniques owing to their costeffectiveness in prospective hydrocarbon exploration. Initially, 2-D and 3-D synthetic models have been generated with vertical prismatic objects at different depths. The effectiveness of total horizontal derivative (THD) technique has been established by comparing with E-W and N-S Horizontal derivatives and First Vertical derivative techniques. The residuals of Bouguer gravity data have been estimated with different cut-off wavelengths. Further, the residual anomaly map has been enhanced by the derivative techniques for the delineation of the structural features. Possible depths of the delineated lineaments have been estimated using Euler deconvolution of the Bouguer gravity data, which indicates maximum clustering over the delineated lineaments. It is observed that most of the lineaments are in the depth range of 1.0 km to 5.5km, which correlate well with the previous seismic studies. The present study reveals that the major lineament trends in the N-S, E-W and NNW-SSE directions followed by NE-SW, NW-SE and ENE-WSW directions. These major lineament trends are due to the tectonic activities occurred during Precambrian and Cretaceous period. Different small circular features, rectangular features and shorter wavelength features have also been identified, which could be the key parameter for mapping potential location for hydrocarbon exploration. 相似文献
11.
Patrick Walsh 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(8):1459-1467
A novel method for analyzing the effects that stratigraphic layers and joints have on spring locations is presented, with specific relevance for the southern Sacramento Mountains, south central New Mexico, USA. Bedrock in this heavily vegetated mountain block is mostly covered by alluvium and soil, making direct field observations difficult, and necessitating alternative methods. Elevations of a mapped geologic contact are used to produce a three-dimensional stratigraphic surface. A histogram of spring stratigraphic positions, calculated from this surface, indicates zones of preferential groundwater flow. Field measurements are combined with GIS analyses to quantify joint control on spring locations within stream valleys, and these results are compared to traditional lineament analysis. Stream valleys are parallel to joints observed in the field, and joint-parallel segments selected from digital elevation model (DEM)-mapped streams are up to 900 m in length. The abundance of springs throughout the study area decreases logarithmically with distance from these joint-parallel stream segments. Springs are more than twice as abundant within 25 m of joint-parallel stream segments compared with manually mapped lineaments from air-photos. Higher correlation with spring locations and significant time reduction by using GIS to select joint-parallel streams for lineament interpretation indicate that the method provides a good alternative to manual lineament analysis. 相似文献
12.
13.
基于MAPGIS的遥感特征线分析方法设计 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
对遥感图像进行地质解译,获得的特征线图,是基础地学研究和矿产预测的有利工具。为弥补人的视觉识别特征线的局限性,需用对这些特征线进行进一步的定量分析、解译,获取更多的地质信息。作者在本文中通过计算构造复杂度量,划分出受构造线影响地区的不同构造复杂度。在此基础上,用ＶＣ＋＋在ＭＡＰＧＩＳ开发平台上,开发了遥感特征线分析系统。该系统对特征线图进行了定量化的划分,划分后的构造复杂度分布图可与物探、化探数据 相似文献
14.
Groundwater study using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in the central highlands of Eritrea 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Remote sensing, evaluation of digital elevation models (DEM), geographic information systems (GIS) and fieldwork techniques were combined to study the groundwater conditions in Eritrea. Remote sensing data were interpreted to produce lithological and lineament maps. DEM was used for lineament and geomorphologic mapping. Field studies permitted the study of structures and correlated them with lineament interpretations. Hydrogeological setting of springs and wells were investigated in the field, from well logs and pumping test data. All thematic layers were integrated and analysed in a GIS. Results show that groundwater occurrence is controlled by lithology, structures and landforms. Highest yields occur in basaltic rocks and are due to primary and secondary porosities. High yielding wells and springs are often related to large lineaments, lineament intersections and corresponding structural features. In metamorphic and igneous intrusive rocks with rugged landforms, groundwater occurs mainly in drainage channels with valley fill deposits. Zones of very good groundwater potential are characteristic for basaltic layers overlying lateritized crystalline rocks, flat topography with dense lineaments and structurally controlled drainage channels with valley fill deposits. The overall results demonstrate that the use of remote sensing and GIS provide potentially powerful tools to study groundwater resources and design a suitable exploration plan.An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
15.
16.
Groundwater study using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) in the central highlands of Eritrea 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
Remote sensing, evaluation of digital elevation models (DEM), geographic information systems (GIS) and fieldwork techniques were combined to study the groundwater conditions in Eritrea. Remote sensing data were interpreted to produce lithological and lineament maps. DEM was used for lineament and geomorphologic mapping. Field studies permitted the study of structures and correlated them with lineament interpretations. Hydrogeological setting of springs and wells were investigated in the field, from well logs and pumping test data. All thematic layers were integrated and analysed in a GIS. Results show that groundwater occurrence is controlled by lithology, structures and landforms. Highest yields occur in basaltic rocks and are due to primary and secondary porosities. High yielding wells and springs are often related to large lineaments, lineament intersections and corresponding structural features. In metamorphic and igneous intrusive rocks with rugged landforms, groundwater occurs mainly in drainage channels with valley fill deposits. Zones of very good groundwater potential are characteristic for basaltic layers overlying lateritized crystalline rocks, flat topography with dense lineaments and structurally controlled drainage channels with valley fill deposits. The overall results demonstrate that the use of remote sensing and GIS provide potentially powerful tools to study groundwater resources and design a suitable exploration plan.The online version of the original article can be found at 相似文献
17.
三峡工程库首区分布着许多大型滑坡 ,在空间上具有丛集性规律。为探明滑坡空间上丛集性与线性构造关系 ,并查明线性构造的发育特征 ,采用了SPOT卫星像片线性构造解译及线性构造密度统计和失真指数分析方法。结果显示 ,滑坡密集区与线性构造的高密度区有较好的吻合关系 相似文献
18.
In a uniform granite gneiss study area in central Zimbabwe, lineaments oriented parallel to the maximum regional compressive stress orientation exhibit the thickest regolith development, while lineaments oriented perpendicular to the maximum compressive stress show the shallowest development of weathered regolith. The principal fracture set orientations were mapped using aerial imagery. The regional stress field, estimated from global stress maps, was used to determine the stresses acting on each principal lineament orientation. Multi-electrode resistivity profiling was carried out across fractures with different orientations to determine their subsurface regolith conditions. The results indicate that the 360 and 060° lineaments, which are sub-parallel to the principal compressive stress orientation (σ1) exhibit maximum development of the regolith, while 130° lineaments perpendicular to σ1 do not exhibit significant regolith development. Since regolith thickness has been positively correlated with groundwater resources, it is suggested that fractures with orientations sub-parallel to the principal compressive stress direction constitute favourable groundwater targets. Knowledge of the regional stress field and fracture set orientations can be used as an effective low cost tool for locating potentially higher yielding boreholes in crystalline rock terrains. 相似文献
19.
Utilization of supervised classification in structural and lithological mapping of Wadi Al-Marwah Area,NW Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Adel Zein Bishta Abdullah Rasheed Sonbul Wuadee Kashghari 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(9):3855-3869
Wadi Al-Marwah area is located in the northwestern part of the Arabian Shield, Saudi Arabia. It is mainly covered by Precambrian igneous and sedimentary rock units. This area was not subjected to previous detailed lithological or structural mapping. This study aims to apply supervised classification technique of remotely sensed digital satellite data of Landsat 7 for detailed lithological and structural mapping of the area. The fusion between multispectral Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM)+ data and high-resolution panchromatic ETM+ band-8 produced a color composite fused image for the study area, scale 1:50,000. The structural lineaments of the study area were extracted and interpreted from the digital imageries data. Little discrepancies or improvements were detected when combining the supervised classification results with the Landsat ratios or principal component analysis. These highlighted the benefits of multispectral classification, especially in terms of lithologic discrimination. The overall results of image processing techniques, applied in this work, were excellent and succeeded in the performance of a more detailed and accurate lithological and structural maps (scale 1:50,000) than the previous published maps for the investigated area. 相似文献
20.
《China Geology》2022,5(4):614-625
Landsat 8 Oli, ASTER, and Sentinel 2A satellite images processing was used to map geological formations, lineaments and hydrothermal alteration minerals in the Aouli inlier, as a case study to illustrate the application of digital images processing and Geographic Information System (GIS) in geological mapping and mining prospecting. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied to the Landsat images allowed good lithological discrimination and contributed to the updating of available geological maps. The Automatic lineament extraction from Sentinel images revealed the main tectonic structures affecting Aouli inlier. The ratio bands (b5+b7)/b6 and the false color composite (b4/b6, b2/b1, b3/b2) allowed the hydrothermal alteration minerals mapping from Aster images. Combined with available geological data and field observations, the satellite derived data were integrated and analyzed in a GIS software to establish mining prospecting guides. The results showed that the anomaly zones are intimately linked to NNE –SSW and NW –SE oriented faults and to highly fractured areas developing argillic and Fe rich alterations. Verified via field survey, this approach was successfully applied to the Aouli inlier to rapidly target potential areas to be explored in the tactical phase. This provides a model for future prospecting efforts for similar mineral deposits in other areas.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献