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1.
西藏泥盆纪海相红层的分布与时代   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
林宝玉  李明  武振杰 《地质学报》2019,93(10):2383-2402
在作者及前人对西藏地区泥盆纪地层学、古生物学等资料研究的基础上,作者对该区泥盆纪海相红层进行了初步的系统整理。共识别出6层(套)海相红层,它们是:早泥盆世扎西岗组海相红层(洛赫柯夫阶—布拉格阶)(XDRB1)和春节桥组上部海相红层(埃姆斯阶)(XDRB2),中泥盆世海通组海相红层(艾费尔阶)(XDRB3)和丁宗隆组底部海相红层(吉维阶)(XDRB4),晚泥盆世查果罗玛组(下部)海相红层(弗拉斯阶)(XDRB5)和羌格组顶部海相红层(法门阶)(XDRB6)。所有海相红层均形成于近岸或浅水碳酸盐岩台地环境,因此,属于浅水-半深水陆棚红层,此外,还讨论了中国南方泥盆纪海相红层的分布及全球法门期海相红层广布事件。  相似文献   

2.
Abstract: Two zosterophyll plants are described from the Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) Xitun Formation of Qujing, Yunnan, China. Xitunia spinitheca gen. et sp. nov. has stalked sporangia laterally attached on the axis in a helical arrangement. Sporangia are dorsoventrally flattened and composed of two unequal valves; the adaxial valve is round in face view, while the abaxial valve is larger than the former, triangular or wedge-shaped, and radially bears long spiny appendages along the distal margin. Xitunia shows new variation of sporangial morphology within the zosterophylls. Zosterophyllum minorstachyum sp. nov. has K-shaped branchings at the basal parts and small-sized terminal spikes, which consist of round to elliptical sporangia arranged helically. This paper provides new data on the diversity of plant types during Lochkovian when rare vascular plants were reported. As for various species of Zosterophyllum in South China, their apparent evolutionary trend of features from the Late Silurian to Early Devonian (Emsian) is discussed.  相似文献   

3.
论云南武定旧城组的地质时代   总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2  
通过地层层序与生物群分析,云南武定地区旧城组的时代相当于早泥盆世Emsian晚期。武定地区泥盆系连续沉积,旧城组之下为具“坡脚动物群”的坡脚组,与郁江组相当。旧城组应是四排阶的沉积,产有丰富的节甲鱼类化石,面貌与欧洲及澳大利亚同期的节甲鱼类相近。海口组应归入中泥盆世早期的Eifelian阶,大致相当于湖南的跳马涧组。  相似文献   

4.
Fossil plants Hedeia sinica Hao et Gensel 1998, Huia gracilis Wang et Hao 2001 and Guangnania cuneata Wang et Hao are described from the Lower Devonian Xujiachong Formation, the Qujing district, eastern Yunnan, China. They contribute to our knowledge of the flora in this district. Based on the occurrence of common plants (Hedeia, Huia, Guangnania and Zosterophyllum australianum) and their horizons, it is proved for the first time that the mid-lower assemblage of the Xujiachong flora is comparable with the Early Devonian ((late) Pragian) Posongchong flora of southeastern Yunnan and the upper Baragwanathia flora of Australia. In view of this fact and the stratigraphic sequence, the mid-lower part of the Xujiachong Formation is considered to be of (late) Pragian age. Through comprehensive analyses of plant, bivalve and fish assemblages and the lithology, the upper part of the Xujiachong Formation is dated to be of early Emsian age. The Xujiachong flora belonged to the northeastern Gondwana palaeophytogeogr  相似文献   

5.
蒙古古生代地层研究的新进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
蒙古国古生代地层的研究以往主要侧重底栖大化石的研究, 很多地层的时代划分、归属问题不能得到很好的解决,底栖化石的地方性很强,不能与国际直接对比。 牙形刺是古生代地层的主导化石, 很多古生代地层问题都可以用牙形刺解决并进行可靠的洲际间对比。2001年笔者在蒙古南戈壁采集了158个样品, 经分析发现了大量牙形刺标本, 解决了很多蒙古的重大地层问题。Arynshand组应当归入下石炭统, 泥盆-石炭系界线在Arynshand组之下, 而不是在此组的内部。Mushgai地区Bayan-Khoshuu Ruins剖面的Mandalovoo组Gavuu 段的上部应属早泥盆世早期, 而不是以前所确定的早志留世, 称为奥咯诺伍德组(Olonovoot Formation);Gavuu段的下部仍归早志留世。Mandalovoo组应提升为Mandalovoo群;Gavuu段应提升为Gavuu组。南戈壁Shine Jinst地区Tsakhir剖面Tsagaanbulag组的时代是早泥盆世洛霍考夫期, 而不是中晚志留世,Ulaan-Shand剖面Tsagaanbulag组的时代也是早泥盆世洛霍考夫期。Chuluun组的时代为早泥盆世晚埃姆斯期。Tsagaankhaalga组的时代为早艾菲尔期。Indert组为早石炭世。蒙古古生代海相地层大部分是浅水相地层, 并可能存在5个间断:志留系的文洛克统和罗德洛统的下部,下泥盆统布拉格阶的一部分,中泥盆统艾菲尔阶上部,泥盆-石炭系界线地层。蒙古国南部和中部很可能缺失上二叠统的海相沉积。  相似文献   

6.
Twenty orthosequences and their corresponding sea-level change (SLC) cycles have been recognized in the Devonian overlying the Caledonian unconformity, of which 9, 5.5 and 5.5 occurred in the Lower, Middle and Upper Devonian respectively. They can be grouped into 4 orthosequence sets, in which the maximum flooding surfaces lie in the sulcutus Zone (D12), perbonus Zone (D13), Middle and Upper varcus Zone (D22) and gigas Zone (D21) respectively. Four instant palaeogeographical reconstructions of South China have been made in the Emsian and Givetian. Devonian sea-level change rhythms of South China can be divided into 3 categories: the autorhythmic, the worldwide and regional allorhythmic, and the coupling-rhythmic. They developed respectively in the Famennian, Pragian, Eifelian, Lochkovian, Emsian, Givetian, Frasnian and the F / F (between the Frasnian and Famennian) event. The cause of the worldwide allorhythmic SLC of the Pragian and Eifelian under comparatively dry, warm and tranquil conditions may be  相似文献   

7.
吉林省泥盆系层序的新划分   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
<正> 吉林省泥盆系露头比较零星,地层资料也比较少。1966年李东津等在永吉县黄榆屯西王家街发现泥盆纪珊瑚,长春地质学院等命名为王家街组。分布在磐石县呼兰镇至黑石镇一带的变质岩系呼兰群经郭鸿俊的研究被划为志留—泥盆系,但至今仍有争议。笔者通过珊瑚化石的研究,肯定了原定为志留系的二道沟灰岩为早泥盆世早期地层,又在王家  相似文献   

8.
southChinaisoneofWellknownregionSwitheddeVelops~~inthe~es~intheGulzhouandG~provinCeSwherethe~manhashowellstudiedwithgreatachie~,whichhave~a~a~nfromthe~iSbothatdomticandabroad.SinCelabac~hasbornethe.hotPOint"forthemeearchofoutcrops~stratigraphyinClam,andconS~yyieldssomehigh--qualitypapeds(Muetal.,1992;XuandMa1992;Xuetal.,1993;DUetal.,1994;DUandYak1994;Gongatal.,1994;Wuetal.,1994;ChenandChen,1994a,b).Onthebasisofco~noftheDevonhasequenceinGultheuandG~,SouthernQinlingandho~han.thispape…  相似文献   

9.
The Hill End Trough of central‐western New South Wales was an elongate deep marine basin that existed in the Lachlan Fold Belt from the early Late Silurian to late Early Devonian. It is represented by a regionally extensive, unfossiliferous sequence of interbedded turbidites and hemipelagites of substantially silicic volcanic derivation, which passes laterally into contemporaneous shallow‐water sedimentary rocks. The Turondale and Merrions Formations of the Lower Devonian Crudine Group are two prominent volcanogenic formations in the predominantly sedimentary trough sequence. They contain a range of primary and resedimented volcanic facies suitable for U–Pb dating. These include widespread subaqueous silicic lavas and/or lava cryptodomes, and thick sequences of crystal‐rich volcaniclastic sandstone emplaced by a succession of mass‐flows that were generated by interaction between contemporaneous subaerial pyroclastic flows and the sea. Ion microprobe dating of the two volcanogenic formations by means of the commonly used SL 13 zircon standard yields ages ranging between 411.3 ± 5.1 and 404.8 ± 4.8 Ma. Normalising the data against a different zircon standard (QGNG) yields preferred slightly older mean ages that range between 413.4 ± 6.6 and 407.1 ± 6.9 Ma. These ages broadly approximate the Early Devonian age that has been historically associated with the Crudine Group. However, the biostratigraphically inferred late Lochkovian ‐ early Emsian (mid‐Early Devonian) age for the Merrions Formation is inconsistent with the current Australian Phanerozoic Timescale, which assigns an age of 410 Ma to the Silurian‐Devonian boundary, and ages of 404.5 Ma and 395.5 Ma to the base and top of the Pragian, respectively. There is, however, good agreement if the new ages are compared with the most recently published revision of the Devonian time‐scale. This suggests that the Early Devonian stage boundaries of the Australian Phanerozoic Timescale need to be revised downward. The new ages for the Merrions Formation could also provide a time point on this time‐scale for the Pragian to early Emsian, for which no data are presently available.  相似文献   

10.
笔者描述了广西南宁下泥盆统布拉格阶那高岭组下部盔甲鱼类的新发现,建立了华南鱼科2个新种——丘比特华南鱼(Huananaspis cupido sp. nov.)和梁氏亚洲鱼(Asiaspis liangi sp. nov.)。前者以头甲个体较小、不发育中背棘、两角末端超出头甲后缘等特征区别于属型种武定华南鱼(H. wudingensis),后者以头甲长大于宽、角向头甲侧后方延伸、角后缘发育锯齿、中背孔呈纵长椭圆形等特征区别于属型种宽展亚洲鱼(A. expansa)。广西南宁地区那高岭组具有可靠的地质时代证据,其中所产的徐家冲鱼类化石组合能够为华南地区早泥盆世地层的对比研究提供鱼类化石标准,而华南鱼属(Huananaspis)和亚洲鱼属(Asiaspis)在那高岭组的发现,丰富了华南鱼类的多样性,扩大了徐家冲鱼类组合的化石内容,并为云南武定坡松冲组与广西南宁那高岭组之间的对比提供了直接化石证据。广西南宁莲花山组与那高岭组过渡层中的徐家冲鱼类化石组合物种多样性最高,几乎涵盖了其他地区该组合的所有属种,说明广西南宁地区可能是盔甲鱼类辐射和扩散的中心之一。该地区早泥盆世布拉格期的古鱼类、早期维管植物和腕足动物均表现出显著的地方性色彩,可能跟华南海是一个半封闭的陆表海湾有关,即由于封闭海效应,鱼类在这个封闭的环境中独立演化,表现出很高的多样性和很强的土著性,最终在华南板块上形成一个独立的动物区系——“盔甲鱼—云南鱼”动物区系。  相似文献   

11.
国际泥盆系GSSP与华南泥盆系划分   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
侯鸿飞  马学平 《地层学杂志》2005,29(2):154-159,164
简要介绍国际泥盆系各阶界线定义、界线层型,以及目前进行的国际泥盆系埃姆斯阶、吉维阶、弗拉斯阶和法门阶亚阶划分的情况,并讨论了中国区域性阶与国际性阶之间的关系:除了埃姆斯阶和法门阶在华南分别进一步细分为郁江阶和四排阶以及锡矿山阶和邵东阶等外,那高岭阶、应堂阶、东岗岭阶和佘田桥阶大致分别相当于布拉格阶、艾费尔阶、吉维阶和弗拉斯阶;今后需加强对上述几个中国区域性阶底界确切时代的研究。国际泥盆系中各亚阶在我国大体可以应用,但吉维阶中亚阶-上亚阶、弗拉斯阶下亚阶-中亚阶的分界及最上法门亚阶的底界在华南台地相区岩石地层上不易划分。  相似文献   

12.
阎春波  张保民  杨博 《地质通报》2019,38(6):922-929
针对保山地层区熊洞剖面原属栗柴坝组的灰岩进行了牙形石样品分析,总计建立了5个牙形石带,分别为Pterospathodus pennatus procerus带、Kockelella walliseri带、Ancoradella ploeckensis带、Polygnathoides siluricus带和Polygnathus nothoperbonus带。该剖面第8层原属栗柴坝组,Polygnathus nothoperbonus分子的出现证实其为下泥盆统埃姆斯阶的地层,应归为向阳寺组。剖面总体对应志留系温洛克统底部到下泥盆统埃姆斯阶中部,中间缺失志留系罗德洛统卢德福特阶—下泥盆统埃姆斯阶之间的8~10个标准牙形石带,说明该地区后期可能受构造作用影响,志留系和泥盆系界线为断层接触。该剖面牙形石序列的建立一定程度上完善了滇西保山地层区志留系生物地层的研究程度,为下一步该区生物地层格架的建立奠定了基础。  相似文献   

13.
我国云南是世界上早期脊椎动物化石的重要产地,古生代中期的鱼类不仅门类齐全,而且大多出现时代早、地区性属种多,其中不少化石材料如今已成为探讨如脊椎动物起源、硬骨鱼类起源、四足动物起源等一系列生命史中重大课题的关键资料。主要对古生代中期云南早期脊椎动物化石的研究做一个系统、全面的回顾与总结,并在此基础上对未来有关研究的重点与方向进行了展望。在探索生物演化格局的同时,不仅要加强对演化机制、环境以及古地理背景的研究,而且更要强调多学科的交叉与融合,充分利用我国古生代中期丰富的鱼类化石资料,在早期脊椎动物系统演化、古地理与古气候等方面做出原创性的成果。  相似文献   

14.
1 IntroductionThe Wupata'erkan Group, also called Wupata'erkanFormation (Wang et al., 1990), in the western SouthTianshan, China (Fig. 1), mainly comprises gray and darkgray fine-grained clastic rocks, interlayered with medium-acidic volcanic rocks (andesite and quartz porphyry),carbonates, cherts and variegated tuffaceousconglomerates. The chert in the formation was firstly foundin our field trip along sections of the Qiqi'erjianakesu Riverand Kekebiele Daban. Deformation of the group is…  相似文献   

15.
1 IntroductionThe Wupata'erkan Group, also called Wupata'erkanFormation (Wang et al., 1990), in the western SouthTianshan, China (Fig. 1), mainly comprises gray and darkgray fine-grained clastic rocks, interlayered with medium-acidic volcanic rocks (andesite and quartz porphyry),carbonates, cherts and variegated tuffaceousconglomerates. The chert in the formation was firstly foundin our field trip along sections of the Qiqi'erjianakesu Riverand Kekebiele Daban. Deformation of the group is…  相似文献   

16.
龙门山甘溪剖面是我国泥盆系重要典型剖面之一,倍受中外同行关注。本文着重对生态地层、事件地层、层序地层进行研究,为研究全球海平面变化提供区域背景资料。龙门山甘溪剖面含十分丰富的底栖生物化石,从洛赫柯夫阶-弗拉斯阶自下而上可识别出24个腕足动物群落,另外还建立了若干礁复体群落和浮游群落
本文对以上群落的特征、性质、分异度、成分、底栖组合及其与沉积环境的关系作了分析和讨论,并识别了11个海进海退事件(生物的或非生物的)
本区泥盆系是加里东构造旋回后的第一个沉积盖层,属海平面主体上升和海侵同步条件下的旋回超覆地层,由砂质海岸环境向碳酸盐台地环境推进,构成了区内泥盆纪沉积层序序列的组合特征。根据海平面的变化及其相旋回的变迁,划分出6个三级沉积层序。6个沉积层序代表6次海平面的相对升降周期,大致相当于Vail,P.R.(1977)划分的三级地层旋回的海平面变化周期(延续时限1-12Ma),包括4个较大的海平面上升周期与2个较大的海平面下降周期,即洛赫柯夫期、布拉格晚期至埃姆斯早期,吉维中期及弗拉斯早、中期的海平面上升期与艾费尔期中晚期至法门期的海平面下隆期。
上述沉积层序特征和海平面变化,说明区内泥盆纪台缘断陷盆地的形成经历了由陆向海转化和盆地发展演化过程,反映了上扬子地台西缘陆架沉积发展的历史大致可划分为:盆地的雏形阶段(碎屑岩陆架的形成阶段),盆地的发展阶段(碎屑岩与碳酸盐岩混积陆架的形成阶段)和盆地形成与消亡不同性质的三个阶段。它们的形成与演化主要是构造断陷活动和龙门山海水不断向东侵进、古特提斯海北支向东扩展的结果,展示了由滨岸陆架转变为碳酸盐台地,由陆源碎屑充填转化为碳酸盐岩沉积的发展史。  相似文献   

17.
南天山造山带中段古生界构造地层研究新进展   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
南天山古生代地层的三度空间位置因造山作用改造而发生结构性重组。以测制综合地质构造剖面为纽带,将变形构造解析、沉积序列分析和微体古生物研究有机结合研究阿拉塔格组、查汗沙拉含矿岩系的地层序列与时代归属,取得两个主要进展。①阿拉塔格组为一套连续沉积的单向型旋回,下部以火山岩为主,向上碳酸盐岩-硅质岩比例逐渐增大,碎屑岩颗粒向上逐渐变粗,它的地质时代至少可从早泥盆世延续至晚泥盆世;②查汗沙拉地区出露异地志留纪生物碎屑灰岩和原地志留纪-石炭纪地层,赋矿地层位于浊积岩系上部,时代为中、晚泥盆世。以此研究为基础,探讨、提出了重建造山带地层序列的基本原则和主要途径。  相似文献   

18.
The stratigraphy of the Devonian to Permian succession in Northwest Peninsular Malaysia is revised. The Timah Tasoh Formation consists of black mudstone containing graptolites and tentaculitids indicating a Pragian or earliest Emsian age. The Sanai Limestone overlies the Timah Tasoh Formation at Sanai Hill B and contains conodonts indicating a Late Devonian (Frasnian to possibly early Famennian) age. In other places, Late Tournaisian chert of the Telaga Jatoh Formation overlies the Timah Tasoh Formation. The overlying Kubang Pasu Formation is predominantly composed of mudstone and sandstone, and can be divided into 3 subunits, from oldest to youngest: (1) Chepor Member; (2) Undifferentiated Kubang Pasu Formation; (3) Uppermost Kubang Pasu Formation. The ammonoid Praedaraelites tuntungensis sp. nov. is reported and described from the Chepor Member of Bukit Tuntung, Pauh. The genus indicates a Late Viséan age for part of the subunit. Dropstones and diamictites from the Chepor Member indicate a glacial marine depositional environment. The Carbo-Permian, undifferentiated Kubang Pasu Formation consists of similar interbedded mudstone and sandstone. The uppermost Kubang Pasu Formation of Kungurian age consists of coarsening upward cycles of clastics, representing a shallow marine, wave- and storm-influenced shoreline. The Permian Chuping Limestone also represents shallow marine, wave- and storm-influenced deposits. A Mid-Palaeozoic Unconformity separating Early–Late Devonian rocks from overlying Late Devonian–Carboniferous deposits probably marks initiation of rifting on Sibumasu, which eventually led to the separation of Sibumasu from Australian Gondwana during the late Sakmarian (Early Permian).  相似文献   

19.
Devonian strata near Fowlers Gap and Nundooka Stations, northern Barrier Ranges comprise ~2.7 km of sparsely fossiliferous, fluvially deposited sandstones (Mulga Downs Group). These strata are subdivided into the Coco Range Sandstone (oldest, Emsian‐Eifelian) found west of the north‐trending Nundooka Creek Fault, and the Nundooka Sandstone (youngest, ?Frasnian‐Famennian found east of the fault). Eleven stratigraphic units are mapped and two of these in the Coco Range Sandstone are formally named as The Valley Tank Arenite and Copi Dam Arenite Members. The Coco Range Sandstone and Nundooka Sandstone are tentatively correlated with strata in the Bancannia Trough. Deposition of the Coco Range Sandstone and Nundooka Sandstone was, however, separate from that of the Bancannia Trough, probably due to topographic highs which occurred east of the Western Boundary Fault.

The Coco Range Sandstone is cut by northeast‐trending faults splaying from the Nundooka Creek Fault. These faults have vertical planes and are thought to predate deposition of the Nundooka Sandstone. In the Late Cretaceous the Nundooka Creek and Western Boundary Faults became active and areas west of these faults were uplifted to form Coco Range and Bald Hill. This fossil landscape was progressively buried by deposition of the Palaeocene‐Eocene Eyre Formation until it was half covered by strata. During the Oligocene silcrete of the Cordillo Surface formed and was overlain conformably by the sandy Doonbara Formation (Miocene). Since the Miocene, much of the Eyre Formation has been removed by erosion to exhume a Late Cretaceous landscape. Subsequently in the ?Pliocene there was some faulting along the Nundooka Creek and Western Boundary Faults because locally the Cordillo Surface and the Doonbara Formation dip toward the faults at 30–72°. At three localities there is evidence of probable Quaternary activity on the Nundooka Creek and the Western Boundary Faults (downthrow to the east) suggesting a different style of tectonics from that in the Miocene.  相似文献   

20.
四川省盐边县北部稗子田地区的专留系发育良好,牙形刺化石极为丰富,与上覆泥盆系连续沉积,并呈整合接触。该剖面为我国扬子区较为理想的志留纪地层剖面,其代表和反映了扬子区西部一种新的断陷盆地碳酸盐岩沉积类型,丰富了区内志留系的研究内容。笔者详细记述了稗子田专留系至下泥盆统下部剖面的岩性特征和生物化石的垂直分布状部,在此基础上建立和完善区内新的地层系统,提出地层划分的对比依据和建议。新方案除对志留系底的黑  相似文献   

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