共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
根据搜寻空间理论,网络渠道能够提供比传统渠道更多的住房信息,减少居民迁居过程中对原住房周边区域的依赖,从而扩大了居民迁居的搜寻范围。但是,与远程办公和住房选择关系的研究相比,学者较少关注网络渠道对居民实际迁居空间的影响。基于南京城区居民迁居活动调查数据,利用三维核密度和多项式逻辑回归模型,重点分析不同信息渠道使用者的迁居时空特征、信息渠道对使用者迁居空间的影响。研究发现,近年来网络渠道已经成为居民迁居过程中的主导住房信息获取方式,其使用者的迁居距离大于传统渠道使用者,丰富了现有关于ICT对居民迁居空间影响的学术研究,也为城市住房信息管理和住房空间规划提供借鉴。 相似文献
2.
中国信息化发展进程及其时空格局分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
自1994年接入国际互联网以来,中国信息化事业得到了快速发展,但各地区之间差异显著。关于中国信息化水平的测定已引起学术界的重视,但主要集中在互联网等单指标层面,关于信息化综合发展水平的区域差异研究还很少。通过建立IDI指标体系和计算模型、相关分析、回归分析、测算变差系数等方法,从宏观和中观区域视角比较系统的剖析了中国信息化发展区域差异的时空格局。研究发现,2000~2010年,中国四大板块之间信息化发展水平差异显著,自东向西呈阶梯状分布;中西部地区信息化发展较快,区域之间数字鸿沟有所缩小。从中观省级层面上,2000~2010年,省际之间信息化发展水平相差悬殊,但空间格局有较大变化,数字鸿沟明显缩小。另外,信息化发展与当地社会经济发展紧密相关。 相似文献
3.
Spatial Mismatch and Determinants of Foreign and Domestic Information and Communication Technology Firms in Urban China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Studies on foreign direct investment locations in China have been conducted mainly at interregional and interprovincial scales, and little attention has been paid to the intraurban scale where location decisions of foreign firms can differ from domestic firms. This article explores the intraurban locations of information and communication technology (ICT) firms in Suzhou, a city experiencing rapid globalization. We have found that the distribution of ICT firms in Suzhou exhibits distinctive spatial patterns characterized by a geographically based, institutionally created spatial mismatch between foreign and domestic firms. Foreign firms are concentrated in national-level development zones—China–Singapore Suzhou Industrial Park in the east and Suzhou New and Hi-Tech District in the west—whereas domestic firms tend to agglomerate in the inner city and the provincial-level development zone in the north. Poisson and negative binomial analyses further reveal that the locations of foreign firms are strongly correlated to development zones, and the agglomeration economies derived from the stock of foreign investment rather than domestic firms. The case of Suzhou highlights the challenges that Chinese cities face in industrial upgrading and technological development through embedding transnational corporations. 相似文献
4.
基本公共服务对不同规模城市流动人口居留意愿的影响效应 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
利用2016年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据中的东部沿海6省市数据集,将长期居住意愿、户籍迁入意愿和本地购房打算三部分指标的加和定义为城市居留意愿指标,将城镇基本公共服务分为就业关联和非就业关联两种类型,运用序次Logistic回归模型,系统考察两类城镇基本公共服务的获得特征对流动人口城市居留意愿的影响及其在不同规模城市间的差异特征。研究发现：流动人口城市居留意愿和城镇基本公共服务获得率呈现出随城市规模扩大而上升的梯度变动特征;在流动人口获得的城镇基本公共服务较为有限时,流动人口的城市居留意愿不高。从影响效应看,流动人口在流入城市获得的城镇基本公共服务是影响其城市居留意愿的关键因素,此类影响效应因公共服务内容和城市规模的不同而存在差异。大城市流动人口获得的医疗保险、失业保险和住房保障显著增进了流动人口的城市居留意愿,但上述影响效应在中小城市并不明显;健康档案和健康教育普及程度除了在个别规模城市中没有显著影响效应外,在其余规模城市中都具有显著的正向影响效应;在小城市,仅健康档案和健康教育普及程度对其流动人口城市居留意愿具有显著且正向的影响作用。 相似文献
5.
《Urban geography》2013,34(6):543-560
With recent advances in information and communications technologies (ICT), traditional conceptualizations and models of spatial interaction need updating. In a previous paper, this author developed an analytical framework that incorporated telecommunications capabilities as well as transportation modes and residential and work locations into a unified representation of the “geography of opportunities” (Shen, 1999). In this paper, the initial framework is extended by the inclusion in the formulation not only of employment opportunities, but also of other types of opportunities. Each type of opportunities is distributed among three components of geographic space: the physical space, the hybrid space, and the virtual space. The effects of ICT are captured by: (1) the saving of travel time for people who can partially substitute telecommunications for transportation as means to access opportunities in virtual and hybrid spaces and (2) the migration of opportunities from physical space to virtual and hybrid spaces. Individuals' position in the emerging spatial structure of the information society is measured in terms of accessibility to a wide range of economic and social opportunities. This new approach is shown to be an operational and promising analytical tool in a hypothetical setting. However, its refinement and application is currently constrained by the lack of systematically collected data on many aspects of the human geography. [Key words: telecommunications, human geography, spatial structure, spatial analysis.] 相似文献
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7.
随着数字化转型深入居民日常生活,线上服务对社区资源配置的效率和公平产生了深远影响。论文以南京零售业为例,基于线下和线上零售特征,采用WMS (Web Map Service)方法和SAG (Scenarios Accessibility Gap)测度线下、线上和综合场景下社区零售可达性格局及其场景差异,采用SLM (Spatial Lag Model)、基尼系数,逐一讨论多场景下不同收入群体的社区零售可达性的公平差异程度。结果表明：(1)不同场景下,南京市社区零售可达性均呈现“城郊两极化”区域差异,随中心城区、主城区、郊区逐次下降。(2)线上服务能有效提高96.76%社区的零售可达性,降低线下场景中64.23%的盲点社区,显著优化了传统线下的社区零售可达性。(3)线下场景,零售可达性随着房价区间升高而先升后降;线上场景,零售可达性随着房价区间升高呈现线性递增,说明线上服务改变了线下场景社区经济属性与零售可达性的关系,放大了不同经济属性社区之间的机会不平等。(4)线下场景,南京市不同收入群体所享有的社区零售资源差距相对较小,而线上场景则差距较大,不公平性更高;由于尺度效应,相比于线下场景... 相似文献
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信息技术对服务业创新影响的空间计量分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
信息技术成为服务业创新的关键因素,并受到国内外学术界的普遍关注,但鲜有从省域及市域层面探索信息技术对服务业创新影响的研究成果。以广东省地级市(域) 为例,运用因子分析、探索性空间数据分析、空间计量模型等实证研究方法,深入分析信息技术和服务业创新的空间分布特征和两者之间的关系。结果表明,服务业创新和信息技术均存在空间正相关性,形成全域空间的核心—边缘模式和局域空间的"俱乐部"模式。高值簇集聚区(珠三角) 的扩散效应只局限在局域"俱乐部"里面,而低值簇亦形成集聚区(粤北、粤东和粤西),体现出珠三角同东西两翼与粤北山区之间巨大的差距。在空间差异和扩散效应的影响下,信息技术和服务业创新在空间上均出现"俱乐部"内趋同、"俱乐部"间趋异的现象。空间计量回归表明,服务业创新在市域空间上具有相互促进作用,信息技术对服务业创新具有明显的促进作用,当信息技术水平每提高1%,服务业创新水平就将提高0.7158%,证明了信息技术是影响服务业创新的重要因素。 相似文献
10.
《Urban geography》2013,34(4):334-354
In metropolitan areas, firms trade-off land and information costs. Firms that gain the most from access to the knowledge and know-how of other firms in the same sector are willing and able to pay for expensive central city land. We found that legal services, advertising, and accounting and auditing services are the most centralized services in the 74 largest metropolitan areas of the United States. Maps of seven fast-growing business and professional services in Phoenix, Arizona, show that central city services are mainly located in the CBD. Using a logarithmic function, we found that service jobs are more decentralized in the larger metropolitan areas and in metropolitan areas outside the Northeast. Analysis of disaggregate service sectors shows significant intersectoral variation in this relationship. 相似文献
11.
Globalization,Economic Restructuring,and Locational Trajectories of Software Firms in Shanghai 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Yehua Dennis Wei Xiujing Bi Mingfeng Wang Yuemin Ning 《The Professional geographer》2016,68(2):211-226
Producer services are traditionally considered as place-bound and clustered in city centers to benefit from agglomeration effects. Such a pattern has been reshaped, however, by the decentralization of the service industry and the development of information and communication technology (ICT), especially for the software industry. This study investigates locational trajectories and underlying factors of software firms from 1990 to 2011 in Shanghai to detect intraurban location trajectories and spatial dynamics. We find that location of the software industry has changed from a monocentric pattern concentrated in the central city area toward a polycentric pattern with a relative decline of the core area. Using a conditional logit model, the study has found that government policies, accessibility, environmental conditions, agglomeration economies, and site characteristics are important determinants of location choice for software firms. In addition, the firm-level survey and in-depth interviews in Pudong Software Park show that government policy and planning, especially rent and tax incentives, have played a vital role in attracting software firms to locate in development zones. 相似文献
12.
发展中地区银行业空间系统变化--以河南省为例 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
基于对中国发展中地区的河南省的第一手调查数据,对经济水平较低、受外部影响较小但增长迅速的内陆省份银行业空间系统变化进行了量化分析和解释。结果表明,与国际上发达国家相同,中国发展中地区的国有银行业逐步向中心城市集中。其中,作为区域中心的地级城市的地位上升最为突出。其形成原因主要与制度变化有关;而区域经济的发展差异,又是促进该趋势的直接诱因。这一观点通过混合OLS模型模拟得到证明。城市内部的银行业区位变化,具有一些与发达国家的不同之处。区域经济快速发展带来了中心城市的迅速拓展。同时经济结构调整,又带来了城市内不同地区经济发展水平的变化。由此形成了银行业区位的不断扩散,新兴快速增长的地区,迅速吸引了一批银行的建立。对郑州市58家银行网点的调查表明,在1978年之前,银行网点设立十分遵循计划体制的安排;而在1979年以后,邻近地段“人均收入水平高：决定着相当一部分银行网点的布局。这从微观角度佐证了河南省的分析结论。金融系统的集中格局,为非中心地区经济发展带来的不利影响,应该给予关注。 相似文献
13.
《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):517-531
This paper argues cognitive mapping is a learning process that can be simulated by a self-organizing neural network. The learning of city locations was considered in two studies. One study focused on the learning of city locations on four continents. Results indicated the neural network aligned the cities producing systematic errors similar to those in human cognitive maps. A second study had a neural network learn a biased sample of city locations in the United States. Results indicated a non-linear relationship between cognitive and physical distances. Self-organized cognitive maps naturally produce this non-linear relationship when information from more than one scale is mapped into one space. 相似文献
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Robert Lloyd 《The Professional geographer》2000,52(3):517-531
This paper argues cognitive mapping is a learning process that can be simulated by a self‐organizing neural network. The learning of city locations was considered in two studies. One study focused on the learning of city locations on four continents. Results indicated the neural network aligned the cities producing systematic errors similar to those in human cognitive maps. A second study had a neural network learn a biased sample of city locations in the United States. Results indicated a non‐linear relationship between cognitive and physical distances. Self‐organized cognitive maps naturally produce this non‐linear relationship when information from more than one scale is mapped into one space. 相似文献
15.
Phil Bartie William Mackaness 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(4):805-824
Visibility modelling calculates what an observer could theoretically see in the surrounding region based on a digital model of the landscape. In some cases, it is not necessary, nor desirable, to compute the visibility of an entire region (i.e. a viewshed), but instead it is sufficient and more efficient to calculate the visibility from point to point, or from a point to a small set of points, such as computing the intervisibility of predators and prey in an agent-based simulation. This paper explores how different line-of-sight (LoS) sample ordering strategies increase the number of early target rejections, where the target is considered to be obscured from view, thereby improving the computational efficiency of the LoS algorithm. This is of particular importance in dynamic environments where the locations of the observers, targets and other surface objects are being frequently updated. Trials were conducted in three UK cities, demonstrating a robust fivefold increase in performance for two strategies (hop, divide and conquer). The paper concludes that sample ordering methods do impact overall efficiency, and that approaches which disperse samples along the LoS perform better in urban regions than incremental scan methods. The divide and conquer method minimises elevation interception queries, making it suitable when elevation models are held on disk rather than in memory, while the hopping strategy was equally fast, algorithmically simpler, with minimal overhead for visible target cases. 相似文献
16.
Mario Cardozo 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):443-446
Web 2.0 has yielded a wealth of publicly available data, largely through the popularization of social media and the proliferation of user-generated content (UGC). Thus, the data void in social science research is diminishing as these new data sources are exploited. The discipline of geography, in particular, stands to benefit considerably from geotagged UGC or volunteered geographic information (VGI). In this article, we utilize a form of UGC—restaurant reviews—to evaluate the geography of Web 2.0 in Franklin County, Ohio. We find that restaurant reviews are largely concentrated in relatively few areas of the city, indicating that the impacts of Web 2.0 have not touched down evenly within the central county of the Columbus metropolitan statistical area. We argue that an intraurban digital divide is still apparent and might even be exacerbated by Web 2.0. 相似文献
17.
南京市居民网络购物行为特征——以书籍和衣服为例 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
随着信息通讯技术(ICT)的飞速发展,网络购物日益成为当今社会经济生活的重要组成部分,深刻影响了居民的购物消费行为和传统零售业的发展。不同国家、不同人群、不同商品类型的居民购物行为具有一定差异。本文在问卷调查的基础上,分析南京市居民网络购物行为特征,并区分不同商品类型的居民网购行为特征差异,对理解网络购物和实体购物相互作用关系及网购对于交通出行和城市零售业空间的影响具有重要意义。结果表明：居民网络购物行为是一个复杂的过程,不同类型商品、不同频率网购人群在社会经济属性、空间特征、网络使用及购物习惯、购物态度上有明显差异,其中不同频率网购衣服的人群在特征上的差异更为显著,体验型商品对网络购物这一新型购物方式的响应更为强烈。 相似文献
18.
Barney Warf 《The Journal of geography》2019,118(2):77-87
Digital divides—uneven patterns of access—are a major feature of cyberspace. This article opens by noting that most students are digital natives who grew up with the Internet. Second, it summarizes digital divides, including global patterns, rural–urban differences, ethnic and gender discrepancies, and the role of smartphones. The third section justifies teaching digital divides as a way of understanding of sociospatial inequality. Next, it offers six strategies to get students to appreciate this topic, including mapping Internet users, interviewing a nonuser, discussing rural–urban differences, going without the Internet, exploring strategies for reducing the divide, and imagining the pre-Internet world. 相似文献
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科技革命带来的数字化浪潮正在剧烈地改变城市经济、社会与空间系统,日常生活中也涌现出来越来越多的数字化行为。尽管以行为地理学和时间地理学为基础的时空间行为研究对这些新现象已经有较深入的研究,但仍然有较大潜力发展出新的框架与方法。论文在时空间行为研究制约的基础上,引入环境可供性以及动态交互等理论,从信息、主体及发生场景等维度分析了数字社会下时空间行为逻辑的重构过程,归纳了动态供给下的决策信息增强、他方为我背景下的主体增强以及行为发生的时空增强等机制。面向数字社会下人类时空间的变化,研究认为需要降低行为研究颗粒度,分析时空行为情境的动态性,探索支持时空间行为实现的场景设计,关注社会资源的时空间可获得性,提高数字社会下时空间行为的响应性。 相似文献
20.
《Urban geography》2013,34(2):123-143
Perimetropolitan regions of Australian cities have been represented as populated predominantly by lower income, first-home buyers who endure poor accessibility to jobs and services as the cost of obtaining a foothold in housing markets. Perimetropolitan regions may be conceived as consisting of outer suburban, periurban, and exurban residential settings, each of which offers different combinations of housing costs and environmental amenity. These combinations influence the characteristics of people who choose to locate in the three settings. Based on a survey of more than 600 households that chose to settle in Sydney's perimetropolitan region in 1991, this paper compares and contrasts sociodemographic, housing tenure, journey-to-work, and choice factors of movers. Their profiles are broadly consistent with expectations, but there is much heterogeneity within settings and overlap between them. Representations of the Australian outer city as a region of deprivation retain merit, but with considerable qualification. 相似文献