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陕西渭北奥陶系放射虫硅质岩与火山凝灰岩的成因环境 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对层状放射虫硅质岩的岩石学和火山凝灰岩石学类型的特征研究，认为渭北奥陶系的放射虫硅质岩是上远源的火山喷发物提供了ＳｉＯ２的来源，造成有利于硅质生物大量繁殖的条件，死后堆积海底，最终转变为层状放射虫硅质岩，从而进一步推断，本区中，上奥陶统的沉积形成于海平面大规模上升的远洋或半远洋的深水环境，火山凝灰岩则是岛弧火山喷发的产物，反映本区曾一度是华北板块活动大陆边缘弧后盆地北部边缘部分。 相似文献
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云南墨江金矿床硅质岩的地质地球化学特征及其意义 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
墨江金矿床厂组中下段硅质岩具有典型的沉积构造，岩石富集∑Fe和As 、Sb、Bi、Ga等微量元素（相对于地壳克拉克值），而相对贫AI2O3；稀土元素以总量（∑REE）低，负铈异常为特征，与热水沉积的硅质岩特征相似。在判别硅质岩形成与作用的一系列主量和微量元素图解上，本区的硅质岩位于热水沉积作用范围，但四十八两山段硅质岩有趋近于正常化学沉积作用。利用硅质岩的氧同位素计算出它的形成温度为128－146℃。地质、地球化学特征表明本区硅质岩的形成与热水沉积作用有关，但四十八两山段硅质岩受到正常化学沉积作用的影响。、 相似文献
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重庆城口地区早前寒武系黑色岩系研究:(3)巴山组硅质岩中PGE异常的地球化学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以猪草河剖面和羊儿坝剖面为例,进行硅质岩的PGE与微量元素等地球化学分析,结果表明：槽区硅质岩中的PGE异常受控于硅质岩中火山物质（蚀变成粘土矿物）的多少,PGE与Se、Rb、Cs、Ti、Cr、Zr等具有良好的相关性;猪草河剖面远离陆源区,沉积厚度大,更靠近火山活动区域,接受火山粗碎屑物质的量多;羊儿坝剖面远离火山活动中心,主要接受了火山灰等细碎屑物质,更接近陆源区,受一定量的陆源碎屑物质影响。根据Cr／Co、Nb／Ta、Pd／Ir-Ni／Cu及Ni／Pd-Cu／h对岩浆性质的约束,当时岩浆性质为基性玄武岩。根据La-Y-Nb图解和Th-Hf-Ta图解的进一步约束,表明当时的火山岩浆性质为钙碱性的火山弧玄武岩。 相似文献
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在海城市小孤山区辽河群大石桥组一段、三段地层中,都发现了硅质岩的分布.小孤山区硅质岩具有微-细粒变晶结构特点,与铅、锌、银、金矿化密切伴生.通过与青城子硅质岩岩石化学成分及组构特征的对比分析,认为小孤山区硅质岩属于海底火山喷溢-热水沉积成因,与成矿关系极为密切,从而展示了小孤山及外围地区辽河群地层找矿的前景. 相似文献
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以猪草河剖面和羊儿坝剖面为例,进行硅质岩的PGE与微量元素等地球化学分析,结果表明:槽区硅质岩中的PGE异常受控于硅质岩中火山物质(蚀变成粘土矿物)的多少,PGE与Sc、Rb、Cs、Ti、Cr、Zr等具有良好的相关性;猪草河剖面远离陆源区,沉积厚度大,更靠近火山活动区域,接受火山粗碎屑物质的量多;羊儿坝剖面远离火山活动中心,主要接受了火山灰等细碎屑物质,更接近陆源区,受一定量的陆源碎屑物质影响.根据Cr/Co、Nb/Ta、Pd/Ir-Ni/Cu及Ni/Pd-Cu/Ir对岩浆性质的约束,当时岩浆性质为基性玄武岩.根据La-Y-Nb图解和Th-Hf-Ta图解的进一步约束,表明当时的火山岩浆性质为钙碱性的火山弧玄武岩. 相似文献
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粤西长坑金银矿区硅质岩的地质地球化学特征及成因探讨 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：21
下石碳统梓门桥组硅质岩是粤西长坑金银矿床的直接容矿岩石。本区硅质岩内层纹状、多孔状、同生角砾状等沉积组构发育，岩石化学成分，微量元素及稀土元素等地球化学特征与加拿大沙利文热液沉积岩等世界著名的热水沉积硅质岩相似，属于热水沉积成因。 相似文献
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大厂锡矿床硅,氧同位素地球化学 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
本文对大厂锡矿床不同类型石英和岩石进行系统的硅、氧同位素研究表明，各类矿化体中石英的硅同位素组成几乎相同，而且它们又与直接容矿硅质岩的δ30Si值十分接近，但完全不同于矿区侵入岩的有关值。这说明层状矿体中的石英与直接窑矿硅质岩有相同的硅质来源，后期各类脉状矿化过程中的硅质来自容矿硅质岩，而不是花岗岩。层状矿体中荣带状岩石和含冰长石混合样的δ30Si值为-0．3‰±0．2‰，这组负值可能是由冰长石引起的。但冰长石中的硅是由海底热水活动系统还是火山灰尘提供尚待研究。对比发现，本矿区硅质岩δ30Si值与部分深海（洋壳区）、半深海（陆壳区）放射虫硅质岩有关资料相似，但其δ18O值低于全球各类硅质岩，它们可能是在海底热水活动与生物化学作用共同参与下形成的。 相似文献
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湖北恩施双河硒矿床地球化学特征及成因探讨 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
湖北恩施双河硒矿床赋硒岩石的化学成分中SiO2含量不仅相对较低,而且变化范围较大;Al2O3,K2O,TiO2,MgO含量相对较高。主要氯化物比值与火山或热水成因硅质岩接近。在氧化物协变图解中样品主要投影在火山成因区内。Al/（Al＋Fe＋Mn）的半均值约为0．72,最大值为0．93,大于生物成因型硅质岩沉积物,说明有富Al的陆源物质加入。来自深源的向量元素Se,Te,Mo表现出超异常的富集;而V,Ag,Sb,Cr等元素也有较高程度的富集,这些特征与世界上火山成因硅质岩相似。更为重要的是在赋硒岩石夹层中首次发现了泥化的火山碎屑角砾,由此表明该矿床物质来源与火山碎屑沉积物之间有着密切的成因联系。同时研究区样品中的Co/Ni〈1,U/Th〉1;在P2O5-Y的相关图解中亦呈现出某些热水成因的特点。稀土元素8Ce呈负异常,平均值为0．61;REE总量和同期、邻区的峨眉山玄武岩相近;HREE有富集趋势,北美页岩标准化稀土配分曲线以不同程度略向左倾斜,这些特征又表明该矿床在其成岩成矿过科中一定程度上受热水作用影响。 相似文献
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福建黄塘地区晚侏罗世长林组发育一套层状硅质岩,夹薄层凝灰岩,产硅质海绵骨针和硅质钙藻,其硅质岩沉积环境复杂,成因一直存在不同认识。本文通过野外地质调查和岩相学研究,以及主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素分析认为,该区硅质岩为非纯硅质岩,在FeMnAl三角图中样品位于生物成因区及附近,Mo和V含量富集、轻稀土富集、Eu弱负异常及U/Th值也都具有典型的生物成因特征,且微观特征显示其受到火山活动的影响。黄塘硅质岩在Fe2O3/TiO2Al2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)、TFe2O3/(100-SiO2)Al2O3/(100-SiO2)和(La/Ce)NAl2O3/(Al2O3+Fe2O3)图解中都投在了大陆边缘及附近。ΣREE值较高、Ceanom值、MnO/TiO2值及(La/Yb)N值等这些地球化学指标一致表明黄塘硅质岩处于受陆源物质影响的大陆边缘浅海沉积环境。在前人研究基础上,认为研究区在晚侏罗世早期开始发生海侵并伴有小规模的火山活动,整体为还原环境,局部可能水体较深,为进一步开展福建、浙江地区的石油地质评价工作提供了依据。 相似文献
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B. Lemiere J. Delfour B. Moine M. Piboule A. Ploquin P. Isnard M. Tegyey 《Mineralium Deposita》1986,21(2):147-155
The sulfide deposits of Chizeuil (Saone et Loire) occur in a Late Devonian volcano-sedimentary sequence within an acid volcanic unit and close to a Carboniferous granite batholith. Sulfide bodies, mainly pyrite, are enclosed in andalusite-bearing siliceous rocks lacking primary textures and recrystallized by the granitic thermal metamorphism.Several genetic interpretations were proposed for these siliceous rocks and the associated mineralization, i.e., as either being related to the granite intrusion or of volcanogenic derivation. Detailed studies led to their identification as hydrothermal alterites.A petrographic study of these siliceous alterites reveals that the main mineral phases are only constituted of silica and alumina: quartz, andalusite, kaolinite and minor contents of muscovite, diaspore and corundum. Neither K-feldspar or biotite are present with andalusite. This implies that thermal metamorphism occurred on an already alkali-, calcium- and magnesium-depleted rock.These siliceous alterites show less mobile-element (Al, Ti, V, Zr, Nb) concentration ranges similar to those of acid volcanic host rocks. A metasomatic model is computed from chemical data on surrounding soda dacites, assuming that acid hydrolysis was the only phenomenon involved, and that Al was stable in this process.Although altered rock types grading to soda dacites do not crop out, their existence may be deduced from surficial bedrock multielement geochemical data. The zoned distribution of elements agrees with that deduced from reactions and experimental phase diagrams.The pyrite bodies are surrounded by two distinct concentric alteration zones; the inner one is advanced argillic and the outer one is sericitic. Such a pattern is unusual for volcanogenic sulfide deposits but commonly associated with porphyry deposits. It may be related to the strong acidity (pH3) of hydrothermal solutions.These siliceous rocks were produced by an in-situ alteration of brecciated dacitic lavas, inside which a stockwork-type pyritic mineralization was deposited. 相似文献
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云南鲁春晚三叠世火山沉积盆地是在江达－维西火山弧的基础上，通过拉张作用形成的碰撞后拉张盆地，盆地内广泛发育一套由玄武岩和流纹岩组成的“双峰式”火山岩及与其相伴的硅质岩。硅质岩可分为灰质硅质岩和纹层状硅质岩两类。通过对两类硅质岩所进行的地球化学研究和分析，表明云南鲁春晚三叠世火山沉积盆地中的凝灰质硅质岩属火山沉积成因，在而纹层状硅质岩为海底喷流热液／热泉（热水）沉积成因的热水硅质岩。 相似文献
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Kent C. Condie 《Earth》1976,12(4):393-417
Progressive alteration, diagenesis, and low-grade metamorphism of Archean greenstone belts often leads to redistribution of alkali and related trace elements. Transition metals and rare earths are relatively resistant to these processes and hence are most useful in evaluating petrologic problems.Depleted Archean tholeiite (DAT) exhibits flat REE distributions and low LIL-element contents while enriched Archean tholeiite (EAT) exhibits slightly enriched REE patterns and moderate LIL-element contents. DAT is grossly similar to modern rise and are tholeiites and EAT to cale-alkaline and oceanic island tholeiites. Archean and esites fall into three categories: depleted Archean andesite (DAA) exhibits flat REE patterns, negative Eu anomalies and low LIL-element contents; low-alkali Archean andesite (LAA) shows minor light REE enrichment and low LIL-element contents; and high-alkali Archean andesite (HAA) shows light REE enrichment and high LIL-element contents. LAA is grossly similar to modern cale-alkaline andesites, but DAA and HAA do not have modern analogues. Archean depleted siliceous volcanics (DSV) exhibit depletion in heavy REE and Y compared to modern siliceous volcanics whereas undepleted varieties (USV) are similar to modern ones. Almost all Archean volcanic rocks, regardless of composition, are enriched in transition metals compared to modern varieties. Archean graywackes are similar in composition to Phanerozoic graywackes. Rock associations in Archean greenstones suggest the existence of two tectonic settings.Magma model studies indicate that partial melting has left the strongest imprint on trace-element distributions in greenstone volcanics. Three magma source rocks are necessary (listed in order of decreasing importance): ultramafic rock, eclogite, and siliceous granulite. Trace-element studies of Archean graywackes indicate a mixed volcanic—granitic provenance with minor ultramafic contributions.Alkali and related trace-element contents of Archean volcanics have been interpreted in terms of both undepleted and depleted upper mantle sources. Preferential enrichment of transition metals in Archean volcanics may have resulted from upward movement of immiscible liquid sulfide droplets with Archean magmas, depleting the source area in these elements. Initial Sr isotope distributions in Archean volcanics indicate the upper mantle during the Archean was heterogeneous in terms of its Rb/Sr ratio. 相似文献
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Geochemistry of intermediate to siliceous volcanic rocks of the Rooiberg Group, Bushveld Magmatic Province, South Africa 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
P. Buchanan W. Reimold C. Koeberl F. Kruger 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2002,144(2):131-143
The volcanic Rooiberg Group represents the earliest phase of Bushveld-related magmatism and comprises, in some areas, the floor and roof rocks of the mafic-ultramafic intrusive units of the Bushveld Complex. The lower to middle Dullstroom Formation is composed of two interbedded series of low Ti and high Ti volcanic strata, which are predominantly basaltic andesites. Volcanic units above these strata range from andesites to dacites in the upper Dullstroom Formation and to predominantly rhyolites in the overlying Damwal and Kwaggasnek Formations. Compositional data suggest that these intermediate to siliceous volcanic rocks are petrogenetically related to the low Ti volcanic suite and suggest that the low Ti magmas resided in a shallow magma chamber where they experienced fractional crystallization and assimilation of crustal material. In contrast, the high Ti volcanic suite is petrogenetically unrelated. These data confirm previous suggestions that Bushveld-related magmas experienced significant amounts of assimilation of continental crust. 相似文献
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在川南及邻区下志留统龙马溪组下段沉积相详细研究的基础上,结合偏光显微镜、X衍射及元素地球化学分析等,提出沉积相对页岩气地质条件的影响特征。研究发现:川南及邻区龙马溪组下段主要发育潮坪相和浅海陆棚相。局限滞留的缺氧还原环境、快速海侵形成的分层水体、适宜的沉积速率及较高的生物产率,造成了龙马溪组下段有机质富集,并以硅质型页岩为主,利于页岩气的富集与开发。隆起边缘的潮坪相沉积,为页岩气的非有利区;沉积中心的深水陆棚沉积区,主要发育碳质硅质页岩、碳质页岩与含粉砂含钙碳质页岩,为页岩气的有利区;砂泥质浅水陆棚含有较高的有机质,应为页岩气发育的次级有利区;灰泥质浅水陆棚主要发育“钙质页岩+含碳泥质灰岩”,有机质含量相对较低,为页岩气的较不利发育区。 相似文献
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北京及邻区长城纪火山事件的沉积记录 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
北京及邻区的中元古代大红峪组中发育着与火山事件有关的沉积相,主要包括两种基本类型:火山源硅质-陆源砂-碳酸盐岩混积相和火山碎屑重力流沉积,后者又可分为火山碎屑基浪沉积相和火山-沉积角砾碳酸盐岩混积相。初步分析表明,大红峪期大量的硅质沉积主要来自同期的水下火山活动;火山碎屑基浪沉积与火山口内残余热气冲破熔岩封堵而爆发泄出,造成一定范围的海水涌浪作用有关。 相似文献