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用布希涅斯克定义的弹性半空间内的垂直位移包括两项积分,除了积分号前面系数的差别之外,第一项积分是单层位势而第二项积分为双层位势。若扁壳基础是正高斯曲率的几何曲面,则壳底与半空间表面间的挤压强度就是半空间表面作用的分布垂直荷载。当越过边界时,双层势位的函数值和单层势位的法向导数值发生跳跃。利用这些性质,本文得出布希涅斯克积分的反演公式,从而避开要求解偏微分—积分方程组的巨大数学困难而易于得出解析解。以椭园抛物面扁壳为例说明本文方法的应用。 相似文献
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层间储液的双层圆柱壳水弹性振动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对层间储有液体的双层圆柱层壳水弹性振动进行了详细的分析，重点研究了计算了双层圆柱厚壳考虑的剪切影响的刚度阵、质量阵及其水弹性动力特性，经出动水压力分布规律和任意动载荷下的动位移响应。文后附有算例，证明了本文方法的正确性和合理性。 相似文献
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根据Wahr 1981年提出的理论,导出了计算旋转弹性地球模型的重力固体潮、地倾斜固体潮和地面应变固体潮的公式,并在此基础上编写出相应的计算程序.为了显示旋转和扁度对地球模型的重力固体潮、地倾斜固体潮和地面应变固体潮的影响,计算了东经120°不同纬度处的旋转弹性椭球地球模型(1066A模型)和G-B地球模型的重力固体潮、地倾斜固体潮和地面应变固体潮.计算结果表明,旋转和扁度对重力固体潮、地倾斜固体潮和地面应变固体潮的最大幅度分别为1.4×10-8 m/s2、0.2ms和0.5×10-9. 相似文献
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在考虑半径为10~3公里数量级的全球海洋岩石圈时,必须考虑地球的弯曲效应,当作弹性地基上的薄扁球壳。若忽略曲率,将产生各向异性和不均匀性。本文还考虑了地热对岩石圈的作用,得出洋底蛛网状裂缝的力学表达式。 相似文献
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弹性波衍射问题的非正交展开解法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文提出利用波函数的坐标变换和非正交展开法求解无限弹性介质中的任意形状空腔和加强壳的弹性稳态波的衍射问题。文中给出了球腔、椭球腔和半球-半椭球空腔的动应力集中的算例。 相似文献
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钢筋混凝土扁梁柱节点抗震设计方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
戴益华 《地震工程与工程振动》2006,26(1):122-128
为考虑扁梁柱节点内、外核心区的相互作用,对扁梁柱节点的内、外核心区进行了重新划分,认为内、外核心区有一个重叠的区域,给出了地震作用在扁梁柱节点内外核心区的分配方法,采用压杆模型和软化桁架模型,提出扁梁柱节点的设计方法。该方法可以考虑节点核心区钢纤维和扁梁中无粘结预应力对扁梁柱节点抗剪极限承载力的作用。该设计方法的可靠性得到四个钢筋混凝土扁梁柱节点试验数据的验证。 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学》2021,(7)
碳酸盐岩储层具有复杂的孔隙结构,其显著影响了岩石的弹性和地震响应特征,也影响物性参数预测精度.现有的岩石物理反演方法主要是针对碎屑岩储层,反演的对象主要是孔隙度和饱和度,采用的数据主要是弹性参数,使用的算法主要是线性近似法,缺少针对碳酸盐岩储层的孔隙结构与物性参数反演方法.针对这些问题,文章首次提出了一种基于弹性阻抗的适用于碳酸盐岩复杂孔隙储层的孔隙结构和物性参数贝叶斯非线性同步反演新方法,该方法把多孔介质岩石物理模型、Gassmann方程、AVO理论、贝叶斯理论和非线性反演算法结合起来,实现复杂孔隙储层的孔隙结构和物性参数的定量同步预测.模型正演揭示,孔隙结构参数即孔隙扁度对AVO反射系数和弹性阻抗的贡献度仅次于孔隙度,远远大于含水饱和度的影响.实际资料应用表明,文章提出的从叠前道集中直接反演物性参数和等效孔隙扁度新方法可以准确预测储层孔隙度和饱和度及其空间展布,并可评价有效储层的孔隙结构. 相似文献
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分析DI2002测距仪在川西高原虾拉沱基线场地对基线AB边和AC边进行短距测量实验所得数据,检验DI2002测距仪在气候独特的高原环境中是否满足距离测量限差精度要求,并将其测量结果与同期基线测量数据资料进行比较.得出DI2002测距仪能适用于气候瞬息多变的川西高原. 相似文献
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2002年8月20日长白山天池火山小震震群研究 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
2002年7～9月，采用15台宽频带流动地震仪在长白山天池火山区进行了近3个月的地震观测，记录到大量发生在天池火山附近的地震和多次小震群。对2002年8月20日的小震群进行了分析，结果表明这些地震发生在长白山天池内的西南部，震源深度距离天池水面一般小于4km深，震群的震中位置呈北西向线性分布。地震记录的频谱分析表明，该震群为典型的火山构造类型地震。在观测中发现HSZ和DZD台的地震记录低频成份丰富，这可能与台站附近的局部介质变化或低速的断层带有关。我们认为震群可能是由火山深部活动诱发的局部断裂活动所引起。 相似文献
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Summer drought is one of the main natural disasters in Zhejiang Province, China. To explore the characteristics of summer drought in Zhejiang Province during 1973–2013, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) is calculated based on 10-day precipitation and temperature data, and the summer drought index (DI) is defined. The Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s trend test are used to analyze changes of DI and drought area. Temperature is the main effect on changes of summer drought intensity and drought area. Significant increasing trends are observed for drought intensity, drought area, and extreme drought area, and their linear trend rates in northeast Zhejiang Province are larger than that in the southwest Zhejiang Province. DI and drought area time series have significant mutations in 2003. County-average DI and drought area during 2003–2013 are significantly larger than that during 1973–2002. The aforementioned SPEI could quantify, monitor and analyze summer drought onset, extent, and end. 相似文献
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Low tide rainfall may represent an important but little studied process affecting sediment fluxes on intertidal mudflats. In this study, we simulated rainfall events on an intertidal mudflat (median grain size=18.4 μm) of low slope (1 in 300) then quantified effects on sediment erodibility. Treatments consisted of a high (4.1 mm min−1 for 6 min) and low (0.36 mm min−1 for 60 min) rain intensity, chosen to match naturally occurring events and experiments were conducted seasonally (May and August) to encompass variations in ambient sediment stability. Changes in bed elevation due to rainfall were estimated using marked rods and sediment erodibility parameters (mass of sediment eroded at a flow velocity of 0.3 m s−1 (ME-30, g m−2) and critical erosion velocity (Ucrit, m s−1)) were determined in annular flumes (bed area=0.17 m2). Ambient/control sediment erodibility in May (ME-30=211 g m−2, Ucrit=0.18 m s−1) was higher than in August (ME-30=30 g m−2, Ucrit=0.26 m s−1) and was correlated with changes in biological activity. In May, surface sediment was influenced by high densities of the bioturbating snail Hydrobia ulvae (1736 ind. m−2) and low biomass of the sediment stabilising microphytobenthos (5.7 μg chlorophyll a cm−2). In contrast, in August H. ulvae densities were low (52 ind. m−2) and microphytobenthic biomass higher (9.2 μg chlorophyll a cm−2). The high rain treatment caused a decrease in bed elevation of between 1.5 mm (May) and 4.4 mm (August) and significantly reduced sediment organic content and microphytobenthic biomass. Rainfall increased sediment erodibility; compared to ambient sediments ME-30 increased by a factor of 1.4× in May and 8.8× in August and caused a 10–30% decline in Ucrit. The seasonal difference in treatment effect was due to the change in ambient sediment stability. The low rain treatment in August had no effect on bed elevation, microphytobenthic biomass or sediment erodibility. In May, the same treatment caused a reduction in bed elevation (0.5 mm) and microphytobenthic biomass but counter-intuitively, a decrease in sediment erodibility (ME-30 was reduced by 40%, Ucrit increased by 5%) compared to controls. We attribute this result to removal by rainfall of easily eroded surface flocs and biogenic roughness which resulted in an underlying sediment with a smoother surface and greater resistant to erosion. Results suggest that high intensity rain events may destabilise intertidal sediments making them more susceptible to erosion by returning tidal currents and that the sediment eroded during such events may represent a considerable fraction (up to 25%) of the seasonal variation in shore elevation. The impact of natural rain events are likely to vary considerably due to variations in droplet size, intensity and duration and the interaction with ambient sediment stability. 相似文献
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2002年6月以来,长白山天池火山区的地震活动明显增加. 本文利用2002年夏季布设在长白山天池火山区15套宽频带流动地震台站的记录资料,对天池火山区的地震活动进行了研究. 地震观测结果表明,2002年夏季长白山天池火山日平均地震发生频次超过30次. 地震主要位于长白山天池西南部和东北部两个区域,震源深度较浅,离地表的深度一般小于5km. 天池西南部和东北部的地震,b值存在较大的差异. 火山区地震记录的频谱分析和时频分析结果表明,这些地震主要为火山构造型地震. HSZ和DZD等台站地震记录中丰富的低频成分,可能与台站附近的局部介质或断层带有关. 我们认为2002年夏季频繁发生的地震和小震震群活动是由火山深部活动诱发的局部断裂活动引起. 相似文献
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在合肥地震台和安徽省地震局仪器检测室均架设MI 3000和GL-P2C地震烈度仪,分别进行同台址观测,对记录的背景噪声进行RMS值和噪声功率谱计算,对比分析2种烈度仪性能。研究结果显示:①自噪声水平:2种烈度仪水平向自噪声水平均约为垂直向的50%,且MI 3000地震烈度仪约为GL-P2C地震烈度仪的3倍;②频带范围:GL-P2C地震烈度仪比MI 3000地震烈度仪频带范围更宽,且在0.1—40 Hz范围内,比MI 3000地震烈度仪记录信号的噪声功率谱降低约10 dB。分析认为,相对于MI 3000地震烈度仪,GL-P2C地震烈度仪性能更佳。 相似文献
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电离层总电子含量(TEC)是空间天气研究和监测预报的重要参量.本文引入了电离层TEC扰动指数DI, 对青岛等6个台站的DI数据进行分析,选取DI>0.35(DI≤-0.30)作为正(负)相电离层TEC扰动的强度标准,并以连续6 h及以上的DI满足该值来判定电离层TEC暴扰动事件.对电离层TEC暴扰动事件的统计分析表明,在地方时日落后至子夜前为发生高峰时段,正(负)相暴扰动事件平均持续时间约为10.9 h(10.5 h),正相暴发生率以冬季为多,夏季为少,而负相暴则以夏季略高.发现位于赤道异常驼峰区的广州站和位于高中纬度的海拉尔站比典型中纬地区的北京站电离层TEC暴扰动更易发生,且低纬地区以正相暴扰动为主.分析表明,约有70%的电离层TEC暴扰动伴随着有地磁扰动,但是电离层TEC暴扰动并不完全由地磁扰动所引起,强烈气象活动等局地环境因素也可能对电离层TEC暴扰动有着重要影响. 相似文献
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Jim Wild 《Astronomy& Geophysics》2003,44(1):1.30-1.31
Last year's one-day autumn meeting of the MIST (Magnetosphere, Ionosphere and Solar–Terrestrial) community was held on 22 November 2002 at the Geological Society, Burlington House. Jim Wild reports. 相似文献
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Using a dynamical advection to reconstruct a part of the SSH evolution in the context of SWOT,application to the Mediterranean Sea 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The main oceanographic objective of the future SWOT mission is to better characterize the ocean mesoscale and sub-mesoscale circulation, by observing a finer range of ocean topography dynamics down to 20 km wavelength. Despite the very high spatial resolution of the future satellite, it will not capture the time evolution of the shorter mesoscale signals, such as the formation and evolution of small eddies. SWOT will have an exact repeat cycle of 21 days, with near repeats around 5–10 days, depending on the latitude. Here, we investigate a technique to reconstruct the missing 2D SSH signal in the time between two satellite revisits. We use the dynamical interpolation (DI) technique developed by Ubelmann et al. (2015). Based on potential vorticity (hereafter PV) conservation using a one and a half layer quasi-geostrophic model, it features an active advection of the SSH field. This model has been tested in energetic open ocean regions such as the Gulf Stream and the Californian Current, and has given promising results. Here, we test this model in the Western Mediterranean Sea, a lower energy region with complex small scale physics, and compare the SSH reconstruction with the high-resolution Symphonie model. We investigate an extension of the simple dynamical model including a separated mean circulation. We find that the DI gives a 16–18% improvement in the reconstruction of the surface height and eddy kinetic energy fields, compared with a simple linear interpolation, and a 37% improvement in the Northern Current subregion. Reconstruction errors are higher during winter and autumn but statistically, the improvement from the DI is also better for these seasons. 相似文献
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Lorenzo Casertano 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1982,120(4):840-849
The relationship between frequency and magnitude in homogeneous series of earthquakes is studied. The linear relation of Gutenberg and Richter between the logarithm of frequency and the magnitude is found to be applicable only in a restricted range of magnitudes.The plots of the cumulative number of earthquakes versus magnitude for 20 different series (the total number of events in a single series ranging from about 50 to more than 3000) clearly indicate the presence of vertical asymptotes. This fact suggests that upper and lower limits could exist for the magnitude of a single event, i.e. for the energy that can be released in an earthquake. From the position of the vertical asymptotes it is possible to obtain the upper and lower bounds of magnitude for each series of earthquakes. The empirical shape of the cumulative number-magnitude distribution can be well represented by equilateral hyperbolas. A least 2 method has been used to obtain the best-fitting hyperbolas and corresponding the minimum and maximum magnitudes for each series.The shape of the frequency-magnitude relationship is discussed in lesser detail. It is found, however, that after suitable rescaling the earthquakes in each series follow much the same law, with a comparatively small scatter. 相似文献