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1.
Based on a zonally non-uniform mean circulation in summer simulated by numerical modelling,perturba-tion heatings ever South Asia and a perturbation cooling over Northwest Australia were incorporated in a nu-merical model to discuss their effects on summer monsoon over Asia and the structure of flow disturbance. 相似文献
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热源扰动对亚洲夏季风环流的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文在用数值模拟方法模拟的非纬圈对称的夏季平均环流的基础上,在亚洲南部和澳大利亚地区引人热源扰动和冷源扰动,讨论这些冷热源扰动所引起的夏季风环流的改变以及流场扰动的结构和影响。 相似文献
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地形与热源强迫在亚洲夏季风形成与维持中的物理作用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文利用变换的欧拉平均运动方程组及一个准地转34层球坐标模式来讨论地形与热源强迫对亚洲夏季风形成与维持的物理作用。 通过地形以及地形与热源强迫所产生的准定常行星波E—P通量的散度,强迫经圈环流及扰动地转风速的计算,表明了青藏高原东南部上空夏季的非绝热加热对于亚洲夏季风形成与维持起着重要作用,它远大于地形的动力作用。 计算结果还表明:地形与热源对亚洲夏季风形成与维持的物理作用中,它通过强迫经圈环流的作用要大于强迫波E—P通量的散度的作用。 相似文献
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青藏高原冬春季雪盖对东亚夏季大气环流影响的研究 总被引：17，自引：7，他引：17
通过分析青藏高原积雪的基本特征，指出高原冬春季雪盖在东亚夏季气候形成与异常中的重要作用，同时分别总结了高原冬春季积雪对东亚夏季大气环流影响的诊断研究和数值试验进展，提出了高原冬春季雪盖对气候影响的可能机制。 相似文献
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Based on an observational analysis, seven numerical experiments are designed to study the impacts of Pacific SSTA on summer precipitation over eastem China and relevant physical mechanism by NCAR CCM3. The numerical simulation results show that preceding winter SSTA in the Kuroshio region leads to summer precipitation anomaly over the Yangtze River valleys by modifying atmospheric general circulation over eastern Asia and middle-high latitude. West Pacific subtropical high is notably affected by preceding spring SSTA over the middle and east of Equator Pacific; SSTA of the central region of middle latitude in the corresponding period causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China so as to trigger the atmospheric Eurasia-Pacific teleconnection pattern. 相似文献
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Based on an observational analysis, seven numerical experiments are designed to study the impacts of Pacific SSTA on summer precipitation over eastem China and relevant physical mechanism by NCAR CCM3. The numerical simulation results show that preceding winter SSTA in the Kuroshio region leads to summer precipitation anomaly over the Yangtze River valleys by modifying atmospheric general circulation over eastern Asia and middle-high latitude. West Pacific subtropical high is notably affected by preceding spring SSTA over the middle and east of Equator Pacific; SSTA of the central region of middle latitude in the corresponding period causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China so as to trigger the atmospheric Eurasia-Pacific teleconnection pattern. 相似文献
8.
Based on an observational analysis, seven numerical experiments are designed to study the impacts of Pacific SSTA on summer precipitation over eastern China and relevant physical mechanism by NCAR CCM3. The numerical simulation results show that preceding winter SSTA in the Kuroshio region leads to summer precipitation anomaly over the Yangtze River valleys by modifying atmospheric general circulation over eastern Asia and middle-high latitude. West Pacific subtropical high is notably affected by preceding spring SSTA over the middle and east of Equator Pacific; SSTA of the central region of middle latitude in the corresponding period causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China so as to trigger the atmospheric Eurasia-Pacific teleconnection pattern. 相似文献
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Based on calculations of data from FGGE Level III b, a discussion is made of the energy balance in the 40－50 day periodic oscillation over the Asian monsoon region during the 1979 summer. It is found that the main source of 40－50 day periodic perturbation is the monsoon region extending from central South Asia to Southeast Asia. In the upper layer over the North Pacific subtropical area (10－20oN, 150oE－150oW) pres-sure work turns into kinetic energy that maintains 40－50 day periodic perturbation associated with the variation in position and intensity of the mid-Pacific trough. The mean energy budget in the three-dimensional space (0－30oE, 30oE－150oW, 100－1000 hPa) indicates that the 40－50 day periodic perturbation transports kinetic energy to a seasonal mean and a transient perturbation wind field. 相似文献
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Impacts of the leading modes of tropical Indian Ocean sea surface temperature anomaly on sub-seasonal evolution of the circulation and rainfall over East Asia during boreal spring and summer 
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下载免费PDF全文 The two leading modes of the interannual variability of the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly are the Indian Ocean basin mode (IOBM) and the Indian Ocean dipole mode (IODM) from March to August. In this paper, the relationship between the TIO SST anomaly and the sub-seasonal evolution of the circulation and rainfall over East Asia during boreal spring and summer is investigated by using correlation analysis and composite analysis based on multi-source observation data from 1979 to 2013, together with numerical simulations from an atmospheric general circulation model. The results indicate that the impacts of the IOBM on the circulation and rainfall over East Asia vary remarkably from spring to summer. The anomalous anticyclone over the tropical Northwest Pacific induced by the warm IOBM is closely linked with the Pacific–Japan or East Asia–Pacific teleconnection pattern, which persists from March to August. In the upper troposphere over East Asia, the warm phase of the IOBM generates a significant anticyclonic response from March to May. In June and July, however, the circulation response is characterized by enhanced subtropical westerly flow. A distinct anomalous cyclone is found in August. Overall, the IOBM can exert significant influence on the western North Pacific subtropical high, the South Asian high, and the East Asian jet, which collectively modulate the precipitation anomaly over East Asia. In contrast, the effects of the IODM on the climate anomaly over East Asia are relatively weak in boreal spring and summer. Therefore, studying the impacts of the TIO SST anomaly on the climate anomaly in East Asia should take full account of the different sub-seasonal response during boreal spring and summer. 相似文献
12.
A decadal shift of summer surface air temperature over Northeast Asia around the mid-1990s 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
This study identifies a decadal shift of summer surface air temperature （SAT） over Northeast Asia,including southeastern parts of Russia,Mongolia and northern China,around the mid-1990s.The results suggest that the SAT over the Northeast Asia experienced a significant warming after 1994 relative to that before 1993.This decadal shift also extends to northern China,and leads to a warmer summer over Northeast China and North China after the mid-1990s.The decadal warming over Northeast Asia is found to concur with the enhancement of South China rainfall around the mid-1990s.On the one hand,both the Northeast Asian SAT and South China rainfall exhibit this mid-1990s decadal shift only in summer,but not in other seasons.On the other hand,both the Northeast Asian SAT and South China rainfall exhibit this mid-1990s decadal shift not only in the summer seasonal mean,but also in each month of summer （June,July and August）.Furthermore,the decadal warming is found to result from an anticyclonic anomaly over Northeast Asia,which can be interpreted as the response to the increased precipitation over South China,according to previous numerical results.Thus,we conclude that the warming shift of summer Northeast Asian SAT around the mid-1990s was a remote response to the increased precipitation over South China. 相似文献
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北太平洋夏季大气环流的持续性异常及其对中国天气的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
对太平洋北部持续性异常的研究表明，正、负异常的形热从发生、发展到消亡的演变过程十分相似，它们都始于东亚及西太平洋区域距平形势的变化，并在北太平洋及东亚地区出现一规则排列的距平异常区域，东亚及整个北半球的大气环流也相应地发生变化。太平洋北部环流的持续性异常对东亚特别是中国夏季的天气异常有重要影响。诊断分析和数值试验表明，夏季太平洋北部大气环流发生持续性异常与太平洋中低纬的海温异常关系密切。 相似文献
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根据1979~2016年春季海表温度、土壤温度以及大尺度气候指数与中亚地区夏季温度的相关关系,确定了印度洋东南部海表温度、非洲西北部土壤温度、大西洋多年代际振荡（AMO）和东亚/西俄型（EA/WR）4个春季预测因子,进而建立了中亚地区夏季温度的预测模型。春季印度洋东南部海表温度暖异常、非洲西北部土壤温度暖异常、AMO正异常与EA/WR负异常均对应夏季中亚地区500 hPa位势高度场正异常,为该地区夏季高温发生提供有利条件。预测模型留一法交叉验证产生的1979~2016年中亚地区夏季温度无（有）趋势的时间序列与观测的无（有）趋势的时间序列的相关为0.65（0.74）,表明该预测模型具有良好的预测能力。研究结果有望帮助提高中亚地区夏季温度的预测技巧。 相似文献
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Cai Yao Weihong Qian Song Yang Zhengmin Lin 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2010,106(1-2):57-73
The variations of both total and extreme precipitations over Asia are characterized by large regional features and seasonality. Extreme precipitation mainly occurs in summer and then in autumn over South Asia but it is a prominent phenomenon in all seasons over Southeast Asia. It explains above 40% of the total precipitation in winter over India, while the ratio of extreme precipitation to total precipitation is 30% or smaller in all seasons over southern-central China. Over Southeast Asia, the largest ratio appears in winter. The extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia (EPSEA) exhibits significant positive trends in all seasons except autumn. The long-term increase in summer EPSEA is associated with significant surface warming over extratropical Asia and the Indo-Pacific oceans and linked to a large-scale anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia. An increase in de-trended summer EPSEA is associated with less significant surface warming. However, it is still clearly linked to an anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia, contributed by intensifications of monsoon flow from the west, trade wind from the east, and cross-equatorial flow over Indonesia. The antecedent features of increased summer EPSEA include an overall warming over the tropical–subtropical northern hemisphere and an anomalous cyclonic pattern over Southeast Asia in winter and spring. When the large-scale Asian monsoon (measured by the Webster-Yang monsoon index) or the South Asian monsoon is strong, summer extreme precipitation mainly increases over tropical Asia. When monsoon is strong over Southeast Asia or East Asia, extreme precipitation increases over Southeast Asia and decreases over East Asia. A strong summer monsoon over Southeast Asia or East Asia is also followed by decreased autumn extreme precipitation over Southeast Asia. 相似文献
16.
青藏高原地表反射率变化对东亚夏季风影响的数值试验 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
本文通过两组数值试验的对比分析，说明当青藏高原主体范围内的地表反射率增大时将造成东亚夏季风减弱，表现在东亚陆地上的海平面气压升高，从春到夏地面南区北上缓慢，对流层上导风急流建立推迟。中国东部季风降水减少。 相似文献
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利用1979—2003年NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料, 探讨夏季 (6—8月) 200 hPa东亚西风急流扰动异常与南亚高压和西太平洋副热带高压的关系。研究指出:夏季200 hPa东亚西风急流扰动动能加强 (减弱), 东亚西风急流位置偏南 (偏北)、强度偏强 (偏弱); 东亚西风急流扰动动能强弱不仅与北半球西风急流强弱和沿急流的定常扰动有关, 而且还与东亚地区高、中、低纬南北向的扰动波列有关, 亚洲地区是北半球中纬度环球带状波列异常最大的区域。夏季200 hPa东亚西风急流扰动动能加强 (减弱), 南亚高压的特征为位置偏东 (偏西)、强度加强 (减弱); 西太平洋副热带高压的特征为位置偏南 (偏北)。东亚环流特别是500 hPa西太平洋副热带高压对东亚西风带扰动异常的响应由高空东亚西风急流南侧的散度场及其对流层中下层热带和副热带地区的垂直速度距平场变化完成。 相似文献
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Snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been shown to be essential for the East Asian summer monsoon. In this paper, we demonstrate that tropical cyclone (TC) 04B (1999) in the northern Indian Ocean, which made landfall during the autumn of 1999, may have contributed to climate anomalies over East Asia during the following spring and summer by increasing snow cover on the TP. Observations indicate that snow cover on the TP increased markedly after TC 04B (1999) made landfall in October of 1999. Sensitivity experiments, in which the TC was removed from a numerical model simulation of the initial field, verified that TC 04B (1999) affected the distribution as well as increased the amount of snow on the TP. In addition, the short-term numerical modeling of the climate over the region showed that the positive snow cover anomaly induced negative surface temperature, negative sensible heat flux, positive latent heat flux, and positive soil temperature anomalies over the central and southern TP during the following spring and summer. These climate anomalies over the TP were associated with positive (negative) summer precipitation anomalies over the Yangtze River valley (along the southeastern coast of China). 相似文献
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区域气候模式在东亚地区的应用研究——垂直分辨率与侧边界对夏季季风降水影响研究 总被引：27，自引：6，他引：27
将美国国家大气研究中心（NCAR）的区域气候模式（RegCM2-1996）设置在东亚-西太平洋区域（简称东亚区域气候模式RegCM2/EA）。利用该模式研究东亚区域气候模式的几个重要问题，即：垂直分辨率的影响，侧边界条件（如嵌套技术、缓冲区宽度、不同资料）的重要性等。数值试验结果表明：细垂直分辨率模拟的降水分布优于粗分辨率模式，但容易引起“数值点暴雨”；RegCM2/EA与不同来源的大尺度侧边界嵌套，模拟的降水会有明显的不同；当用RegCM2/EA模拟较大区域时，应该取较宽的缓冲区；在各种嵌套方案中，指数松弛嵌套方法最好。这些结果为进一步探讨东亚区域气候模式的特点以及发展与改造区域气候模式提供一定的依据。研究结果还需要用更多的数值试验来验证。 相似文献
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Recent Progress in the Impact of the Tibetan Plateau on Climate in China 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
Studies of the impacts of the Tibetan Plateau （TP） on climate in China in the last four years are reviewed. It is reported that temperature and precipitation over the TP have increased during recent decades. From satellite data analysis, it is demonstrated that most of the precipitation over the TP is from deep convection clouds. Moreover, the huge TP mechanical forcing and extraordinary elevated thermal forcing impose remarkable impacts upon local circulation and global climate. In winter and spring, stream flow is deflected by a large obstacle and appears as an asymmetric dipole, making East Asia much colder than mid Asia in winter and forming persistent rainfall in late winter and early spring over South China. In late spring, TP heating contributes to the establishment and intensification of the South Asian high and the abrupt seasonal transition of the surrounding circulations. In summer, TP heating in conjunction with the TP air pump cause the deviating stream field to resemble a cyclonic spiral, converging towards and rising over the TP. Therefore, the prominent Asian monsoon climate over East Asia and the dry climate over mid Asia in summer are forced by both TP local forcing and Eurasian continental forcing.
Due to the longer memory of snow and soil moisture, the TP thermal status both in summer and in late winter and spring can influence the variation of Eastern Asian summer rainfall. A combined index using both snow cover over the TP and the ENSO index in winter shows a better seasonal forecast.
On the other hand, strong sensible heating over the Tibetan Plateau in spring contributes significantly to anchor the earliest Asian monsoon being over the eastern Bay of Bengal （BOB） and the western Indochina peninsula. Qualitative prediction of the BOB monsoon onset was attempted by using the sign of meridional temperature gradient in March in the upper troposphere, or at 400 hPa over the TP. It is also demonstrated by a numerical experiment and theoretical study that the heating over the TP lea 相似文献
Due to the longer memory of snow and soil moisture, the TP thermal status both in summer and in late winter and spring can influence the variation of Eastern Asian summer rainfall. A combined index using both snow cover over the TP and the ENSO index in winter shows a better seasonal forecast.
On the other hand, strong sensible heating over the Tibetan Plateau in spring contributes significantly to anchor the earliest Asian monsoon being over the eastern Bay of Bengal （BOB） and the western Indochina peninsula. Qualitative prediction of the BOB monsoon onset was attempted by using the sign of meridional temperature gradient in March in the upper troposphere, or at 400 hPa over the TP. It is also demonstrated by a numerical experiment and theoretical study that the heating over the TP lea 相似文献