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1.
STUDY ON EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND EARLY GROWTH OF TRIPLOID AND GYNOGENETIC DIPLOID LEFI—EYED FLOUNDER, PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS （T. et S. ） 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The early effects of chromosomal manipulation of eggs and sperm on the yields of trip-loid and gynogenefic diploid larvae of Paralichthys olivaceus were investigated. Triploidy was achieved by cold shocking fen.ilized eggs at 0 - 2℃ for 45 minutes duration 5 minutes after fen.ilization, and the in-duced triploidy rates were 31.2% - 50% and the relative hatching rates were 53.3% - 99%. Gynnge-aetic diploids were obtained when eggs were inseminated with irradiated sperm and cold shocked at 0 -2℃ for 45 minutes duration 5 minutes after fertihzation. The induced gynogenetic diploid rates and the relative hatching rates were 94 % - 96 % and 48.5 % - 68.5 % respectively. The embryonic development of the triploid experimental group and of the gynogenetic diploid experimental group was delayed at first compared with the control group. But from the gastrula stage, it was not delayed anymore. There were no significant differences in the growth of the triploid experimental group larvae and the control group larvae, and in the growth of the gynogenetic diploid experimental group larvae and the control group larvae ac-cording to Student‘s t-test (α = 0.05). The relationship between the early growth of the triploid experi-mental group larvae and that of gynogenetic diploid experimental group larvae was also studied. 相似文献
2.
Zhang Guo-fan Chang Ya-qing Song Jian Ding Jun Shen Jin-kai Wang Yong-ping 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1998,16(3):249-255
Zygotes of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were treated for triploid induction with caffeine (10 mmol/L, 15mmol/L and 20mmol/L) in combination with thermal shocks
(at 40 minute post-fertilization) lasting for 5 and 10 minutes. The highest yield of triploids, 41.5%, was obtained from the
treatment with 20 mmol/L caffeine at 34°C lasting 10 minutes. The triploid levels were less than 30.0% in other treatments.
Triploid induction was more effective in treatment with 15–20 mmol/L caffeine at 34–38 °C than with lower concentrations of
caffeine at temperatures below 32 °C. Our results suggest that triploid induction with caffeine in combination with thermal
shocks is less efficient than some other methods reported previously. 相似文献
3.
Tetraploid induction was carried out by inhibiting mitosis I in fertilized eggs ofChlamys farreri. Mitosis I was blocked with cold shock (5–7°C), Cytochalasin B (0.75 mg/L) and 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) (60–75 mg/L)
when 60% fertilized eggs released polar body II at 20°C. At 4-cells embryo stage, the ploidy was determined by counting chromosome
number. In control groups, most embryos were diploids (72.22%) and aneuploids (24.78%). In Cytochalasin B, cold shock and
6-DMAP treated groups, tetraploids were respectively 10.51%, 4.08%, and 13.34%; aneuploids were 43.10%, 35.93% and 29.16%,
and triploids were 7.84%, 8.52% and 18.33%. At D-larva stage, ploidy was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). The ploidy analysis
of day 2 larvae showed diploids in control group and also in three treated groups. Juvenile scallops (0.2–0.3cm) which were
harvested in two control groups and two CB treated groups were all diploids through checking ploidy individually by FCM.
Contribution No. 3648 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Contribution No. 238 from the Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Project funded by grant (No. 819-01-07) from the Chinese Science and Technology Ministry and also by “Hundred Talents Plan”
grant from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
4.
Four bromophenols were isolated from the extract of marine red alga,Rhodomela confervoides by column chromatography and HPLC methods. By means of spectroscopic methods inclding IR, MS, 1D, and 2D-NMR techniques,
their structures were elucidated as (1) 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid methyl ester; (2) bis (2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)
ether; (3) 3,4-dibromo-5-(methoxymethyl)-1,2-benzenediol and (4) 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxy-benzaldehyde. Compound 1 was first
isolated from the algae in nature, and 1, 4 were found to have selective cytotoxic activities against KB, Bel 7402 and A549
cells, 2 showed powerful antibacterial activities againstStaphylococcus aurens andPseudomonas aeruginosa.
Supported by National “863” Program (No. 2004AA625030, 2001AA620503), Quingdao marine sciences project (No. 04-2-NN-26) and
Key Knowledge Innovative Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX3-SW-215). 相似文献
5.
A combined numerical model of wind, wave, tide, and storm surges was built on the basis of the “wind field model in limited
sea surface areas”. When used to forecast the sea surface wind, wave height and water level, it can describe them very well.
Contribution No. 4108 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
This work supported by Stress Project (KZ952-S1-420), Chinese Academy of Sciences; 863 Project (863-818-06-05), and (863-818-Q-07) 相似文献
6.
The spermatozoon ultrastrucmre of left-eye flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, was ob-served by electronic microscopy, and shown to consist of head, midpiece and tail. Some nuclear vacuoles were observed inside and along the outer part of the nucleus and double-membrane structures were ob-served between the nuclear membrane and plasma membrane. The sperm sleeve consisted of four indepen-dent parts and had more than four mitochondria. Along the sperm tail there were wing-like lateral tins. 相似文献
7.
Experiments on salimity tolerance of embryos and larvae of the southern bay scallopArgopecten irradians concentricus Say under controlled temperature of 28°C showed that although the eggs were fertilized and cleaved at salinity 18.1–37.4,
they could further develop into normal D-shaped larvae only at salinity 23.4–36.1, while the trochophore larvae could develop
into normal D—shaped larvae at salinity 22.1–39.9. For 72 hours, the larvae could tolerate salinity of 18.4–43.9, the salinity
favoring growth was 19.8–42.4; the suitable range was 21–36, and the optimum at about 28. They metamorphosed at salinity 18.9–43.5,
optimally at 24–32.
Contribution No. 3301 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The research was supported by the National Climbing Project B(PDB6-3-2). 相似文献
8.
Fatty acid composition and total lipid content of 8 strains of marine diatoms (Nitzschia frustrula, Nitzschia closterium, Nitzschia incerta, Navicula pelliculosa, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Synedra fragilaroides) were examined. The microalgae were grown under defined conditions and harvested at the late exponential phase. The major
fatty acids in most strains were 14∶0 (1.0%–6.3%), 16∶0 (13.5–26.4%), 16∶1n−7 (21.1%–46.3%) and 20∶5n−3 (6.5%–19.5%). The
polyunsaturated fatty acids 16∶2n−4, 16∶3n−4, 16∶4n−1 and 20∶4n−6 also comprised a significant proportion of the total fatty
acids in some strains. The characteristic fatty acid composition of diatoms is readily distinguishable from those of other
microalgal groups. Significant concentration of the polyunsaturated fatty acid 20∶5n−3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) was present
in each strain, with the highest proportion in B222 (19.5%).
Project supported by the Hi-Tech “863” Programs of the China Ministry of Science and Technology (863-819-02-01). 相似文献
9.
Triploidy was induced in Chinese shrimpFenneropenaeus chinensis by 30±0.5°C heat shock treatment (initiated at 20 min after fertilization) for 10 min to inhibit the release of PB2 at 18.0°C.
The highest triploid rate obtained was 84.5% in nauplius stage. The effect of heat shock treatment on meiosis and cleavage
of eggs was investigated in this work aimed to establish efficient procedures for triploid induction and to gain understanding
of the mechanism of triploid production. Three pronuclei that could be observed in the treated eggs under fluorescence microscope
developed into triploid embryos. Some abnormal chromosome behavior was observed in heat shocked eggs.
Contribution No. 4407 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
This work was supported by Project under Major State Basic Development Program (G1999012009) and Knowledge Innovation Program
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX 2-211) 相似文献
10.
We analyzed 17 allozymes, and 20 primers in order to detect the genetic differentiation between commercial populations (Changjiang
River, Liaohe River) ofEriochoir sinensis. Ten allozymes (LDH, MDH, ME, IDH, EST, ALP, AAT, CTL, POD, SOD) showed 21 loci by vertically discontinuos buffer system
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RAPD profiles generated by 12 ten-base primers showed 63 loci. The percentage of polymorphic
loci and the expected heterozygosity obtained by using allozyme analysis were lower than those obtained by RAPD. The index
of similarity between these two populations were 0.955 and 0.932 as revealed by allozyme analysis and RAPD technology. There
was gene flow between the above populations.
Contribution No. 4025 from the Institute of Oceanology and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Project 39470141 supported by NSFC. Work also supported by Climbing Program B (PDB 6-5-3) and No. 863 High-technology Program
863-819-01-05. 相似文献
11.
Two new species of the genusTinocladia Kylin (1940)T. eudesmoides Ding et Lu sp. nov. andTinocladia zhangii Ding et Lu sp. nov., are described.T. eudesmoides is mainly characterized by its longitudinally and transversely produced sub-cortical filaments from the medulla, its short
uniseriate assimilating filaments, usually composed of 6–10 cells with slightly swollen and narrow ultimate cells, and its
unilocular sporangia (60–115)×55–70μm, variable in size.T. zhangii is mainly characterized by its very solid frond, not rip apart by hands, its evident longer primary branches, its short and
slender secondary branches, with very evident sub-cortical layer, and filaments divided repeatedly, and its large and small
unilocular sporangia, with the latter borne on an evidently swollen pedicel.
Project B80981816 supported by the NSFC.
Contribution No. 4443 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China. 相似文献
12.
Two new species of the genus Tinocladia Kylin, T. gracilis sp. nov. and T. microsporangii sp. nov,, are described. T. gracilis is characterized by its slender frond, variable size, infrequently branched medullary filaments, and short assimilating filaments with 2 - 7 cells. T. microsporangii is characterized by its medullary cells which are slightly larger than sub-cortical ones; narrow sub-cortical layer, usually consisting of 4- 6 cells and very small unilocular sporangia. The holotypes are deposited at the Herbarium of the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China. 相似文献
13.
Twenty-four compounds including eight steroids (1–8), nine triterpenoids (9–16, 24), three flavonoids (20–22), and four benzenecarboxylic derivatives (17–19, 23) were isolated and identified from stems and twigs of medicinal mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Among these
metabolites, compounds 1, 4–20 and 22–24 were isolated and identified for the first time from S. caseolaris. In the in vitro cytotoxic assay against SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cells, compound 21 (3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) exhibited significant activity with IC50 2.8 μg/mL, while oleanolic acid (14), 3,3′-di-O-methyl ether ellagic acid (18), and 3,3′,4-O-tri-O-methyl ether ellagic acid (19) showed weak activity. None of these compounds displayed significant antibacterial activites.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30770234); Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy
of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-211-04); Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province (No.2006GG2205023) 相似文献
14.
Results of neutron activation analysis (NAA) ofSargassum thumbergii samples collected from the Qingdao Taipingjiao coast on March 20, 1996 showed that (1)Sargassum thunbergii can to some extent accumulate potassium and calcium (the accumulation coefficient was 10); (2) it can accumulate almost all
trace elements, especially iron, managanese and zinc; (3) it can accumulate strontium, aluminium thorium, and rare earth elements.
Contribution No.3308 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The study supported by the National Ninth-Five-Year Key Project “96-916-04-01”. 相似文献
15.
Thirty-two 63.0–134.4 mm standard length specimens collected during 1954–1990 from the coastal waters of the South China Sea
and the continental coast of the Taiwan Strait were identified as a new species,Pampus minor Liuet Li, sp. nov.
Contribution No. 3329 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Study supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences Special Grant for Biota Research. 相似文献
16.
Competition among HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) species Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense, Raphidophyte Heterosigma carterae, and Diatom Skeletonema costatum was studied in the laboratory. Experiments with these three major HAB species under combinations of different salinities (10, 18, 25, 30, 35) and temperatures (19℃, 25℃) were carried out. The results showed that S. costatum successfully competed with the other two species at salinities of 18, 25,30, and 35 at temperatures of 19℃ and 25℃. However, H. carterae showed its advantage at low salinity of 10 and became the single dominant species at salinity 10 and 25℃. A. tamarense could not compete successfully with the other two species especially at low salinities. However, it could remain at low density in the presence of higher densities of other algae. 相似文献
17.
AmpLifications with 300 10-base primers under predetermined optimal reaction yielded 2762 reproducible amplified fragments ranging from 200 to 3000 bp. Genetic distances among five species of Takifugu and Lagocephalus spadiceus as outgreup were calculated based on the presence/absence of the amplified fragments. Topological phylogenie trees of the 5 species of Takgfugu and the outgroup were gen-erated by Parsimony and Neighbor-Joining analysis based on RAPD data set. The genetic distance between T. rubripes and T. pseudommus was almost the same as that between individuals within each species, but was much smaller than that among T. rubripes, T. pseudommus and the other species. The molecu-lar data from RAPD analysis convincingly showed that T. rubripes and T. pseudommus should be the same species. 相似文献
18.
This paper reports the approprite ranges of Mg^2 ,Ca^2 and their ratio Mg^2 /Ca^2 in mixed seawater for rearing of Penaeus japonicus larvae,The ranges for the above three indices are 1150-1450mg/L,360-440mg/L and 2.8-3.4,respectively,the proper salinity range of mixed seawater is 22.1-33.9 obtained by mixing estuarine water and concentrated seawater. 相似文献
19.
The living morphology, nuclear apparatus, infraciliature and silverline system of the poorly-known ciliatePseudocohnilembus hargisi Evans & Thompson, 1964, collected from a shrimp culture pond in Qingdao, China, were examined by observation of the live
specimen; and by the pyridinated carbonate method and Chatton-Lwoff technique. The main characteristics: 13–14 (usually 13)
longitudinal or slightly spirally arranged somatic kineties; single contractile vacuole with usually 2 (1–2) pores at posterior
ends of the fourth and fifth somatic kineties to the right of the buccal cavity. Several related congeners were compared and
morphometrically tabulated.
Project No. 39970098 supported by NSFC. 相似文献
20.
ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF THE SEA SURFACE MICROLAYER NEAR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS AND MARINE FISH CULTURE ZONES IN DAYA BAY 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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