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1.
“斜坡运动”的概念及将斜坡破坏后岩土体运动形式调查研究视为首要任务的观点，对斜坡地质灾害防治工作的早期发展起到了极大地推动作用。首先，它丰富了岩土力学的研究内容，并使相关的测试技术得到提高。与此同时，由于增加了工程实践的机会，阻挡斜坡运动的支挡、锚固工程及拦截等工程技术都得到了快速发展。然而，大量防治工程的实践表明，以斜坡破坏后的岩土体运动形式及局部应力场分析为重点的研究并不能揭示引起斜坡破坏的深层次原因，还可能对斜坡地质灾害防治学科的继续发展造成负面影响。例如，1）接此观点进行类型划分时，将常见的斜坡破坏形式混淆或丢失；2）过分看重地形因素对斜坡稳定性的影响；3）对物质组成、结构特征及环境条件这些关键因素缺乏深入研究；4）许多人热衷干用简化的岩土力学模型代替经过长期物理化学作用过程的非均质的、非连续体的工程地质模型。此外，在思想方法上，“斜坡运动”观点尚存在着重大缺陷。为此，笔者建议跨越“斜坡运动”的研究阶段。将研究的重点前移，对引起斜坡破坏的结构缺陷及环境条件进行定性与量化关系的深入研究。在此基础上，按照“地质工程的观点”进行防治措施的研究。笔者通过工作实践认为，这一技术路线非常有效。 相似文献
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按照“双随机,一公开”监管要求,省级人民政府自然资源主管部门负责本行政区内包括地质调查、矿产勘查和地质灾害调查评价及地质灾害防治工程勘查设计施工等地质勘查活动的监督检查及组织制定、修订地质勘查地方标准和技术规范。针对甘肃省尚无包括地质灾害防治工程监督检查的地质勘查活动监督检查的规范性文件,本文结合我国现有的与地质勘查及地质灾害防治有关的法律法规和规范及地方标准,分析了编制包括地质灾害防治在内的地质勘查工作监督检查工作的地方性管理制度及管理标准的途径,为该项工作在甘肃的顺利实施提供了可借鉴的思路。 相似文献
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《水文地质工程地质》1997,(3)
中国水文地质工程地质勘查院（全国地质环境监测总站、地质矿产部地质灾害防治工程勘查设计院）的前身是中国人民解放军基建工程兵水文地质部队。经过20余年的创业与奋斗，我院在水文地质、工程地质、环境地质、地质灾害、岩土工程等领域成为一支集勘查、设计、监理、施工、科研、监测于一体的综合性技术队伍。主要从事跨省区、跨流域的水文地质、工程地质、环境地质勘查、评价、研究；全国地质环境监测；地质灾害的勘查、研究、监测、评价以及防治工程的设计与施工。除在京的院机关、环境地质研究所和中元基础工程有限公司外，在四川、甘肃… 相似文献
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论地质灾害防治 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16
孙广忠 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》1996,7(1):1-5
本文明确指出：地质灾害防治工程是一项地质工程而不是土木工程。因此，它有自身的基本理论和勘察研究阶段，相应地有其特殊的设计内涵。本文概括地阐述了有关地质工程的理论问题和技术问题。 相似文献
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物探方法在地质灾害中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文章介绍了物探方法在地质灾害调查不同阶段工作中的任务与适用原则；阐明了目前在地质灾害领域使用较多的物探方法及其应用前提和效能；通过列举部分物探方法在地质灾害调查中的应用实例与效果，说明了物探是当前地质工作中的一项现代化勘查技术，也是地质灾害防治系统工程的一部分，在地质灾害调查领域可以发挥其重要作用。它的特点是快速、全面、准确、省时、经济，尤其是在较敏感的地区，可以做到无损检测，为地质灾害防治施工工程提供科学依据。因此，只要遵循物探工作的应用原则与规律，就能取得较好的探测效果，更好地为社会经济发展服务。 相似文献
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21世纪中国地质灾害防治形势与减灾战略思考 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
张樑 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004,15(2):16-21
文章论述了21世纪中国地质灾害减灾面临的形势是既存在许多有利条件又存在多方面困难而面临严重挑战。提出21世纪地质灾害减灾战略：1．建立地质灾害防治安全维护体系；2．优先安排西部地区地质灾害防治工程，实施地质灾害风险管理；3．建立矿山地质灾害防治监督管理体系；4．城市地质灾害防治与土地利用相结合；5．加强我国地质环境监测与网站建设；6．针对地质灾害区域分布规律，采取分区减灾对策；7．加大地质灾害防治投入力度。 相似文献
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盐津县境内的地质灾害类型主要为滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、危岩、地面裂缝、潜在不稳定斜坡等多种地质灾害并存,其形成原因主要与大气降水强度、河水淹没和侵蚀作用、地形地貌、岩土类型、地质结构、地震及人类不合理工程活动等相关。针对该县目前地质灾害形势,提出了“以防为主、防治结合、全面规划、综合治理”的防治对策。 相似文献
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针对斜坡地质灾害调查评价目的性不强、预测性不够等问题,提出了建立“坡长制斜坡地质灾害防治体系”的构想,主张斜坡地质灾害的调查评价和防控应以划定的斜坡单元为基础,在充分把握斜坡的致灾条件、孕灾过程、危险性和风险性的前提下,制定针对性的预警体系、管理规则和管控措施,进而实现地质灾害风险的系统防控。论文以湖南省麻阳县重点地区地质灾害详查为例,系统阐述了建立坡长制斜坡地质灾害防治体系的基本过程、调查评价方法和指标体系,并在此基础上对坡长制体系建设涉及的重点地区选择依据、确定方法, 斜坡单元的确定方法和主要调查评价的内容, 坡长的遴选方法、标准及其责权利, 斜坡单元的管控流程、核心内容、预警模型、法制体系等技术要点做了全面的分析并提出了作者的推荐性意见。该坡长制斜坡地质灾害防治体系的建立和不断完善,必将对我国区域地质灾害防治水平的提升产生积极的促进作用。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献