共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
航天器姿态确定的模型具有严重的非线性性。而采样卡尔曼滤波(UKF)通过采用一组确定性采样得到的Sigma点比扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)能够更准确地近似初始分布,使滤波在不准确的初始条件下更快地收敛。利用修正罗德里格参数(MRPs)表示姿态,用动力学方程进行角速率的传播,利用UKF的改进算法迭代采样卡尔曼滤波(IUKF)对航天器的姿态进行估计。在分析IUKF性能的基础上进一步对IUKF算法作了改进,通过仿真算例将3种方法进行了比较。结果表明:IUKF及改进IUKF算法姿态参数的滤波精度比UKF更高,同时改进IUKF算法比IUKF的滤波能更快趋于稳定。 相似文献
2.
航天器姿态确定的模型具有严重的非线性性.而采样卡尔曼滤波(UKF )通过采用一组确定性采样得到的Sigma点比扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)能够更准确地近似初始分布,使滤波在不准确的初始条件下更快地收敛.利用修正罗德里格参数(MRPs)表示姿态,用动力学方程进行角速率的传播,利用UKF的改进算法迭代采样卡尔曼滤波(IUKF)对航天器的姿态进行估计.在分析IUKF 性能的基础上进一步对IUKF算法作了改进,通过仿真算例将3种方法进行了比较.结果表明:IUKF及改进IUKF算法姿态参数的滤波精度比UKF更高,同时改进IUKF算法比IUKF的滤波能更快趋于稳定. 相似文献
3.
利用四元数误差方程和非线性滤波技术能较好地解决大失准角下SINS的空中对准问题。迭代滤波比扩展卡尔曼滤波能在更大程度上改善对准精度，但计算量大。针对此不足，本文基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的状态与偏差解耦算法具有较高数值效率和迭代滤波具有较高精度的特点，推导出了一种非线性滤波算法，并对基于加性四元数误差方程的SINS／GPS组合对准进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明：该算法既具有迭代滤波的精度又比迭代滤波计算量小。 相似文献
4.
探讨了非线性系统的滤波问题，提出了将采样型平方根滤波SR-UKF（square root unscented Kalmanfilter）用于星载GPS卫星实时定轨。在滤波过程中，以协方差阵的平方根代替协方差阵参加递推运算，有效地提高了滤波算法的计算效率和数值稳定性。实例计算结果表明，SR-UKF的性能要优于推广卡尔曼滤波（extended Kalmanfilter）和Unscented卡尔曼滤波（unscented Kalmanfilter）。 相似文献
5.
郭杭 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1999,(2)
标准的卡尔曼滤波可以扩展到非线性模型,即将泰勒公式应用于状态方程和观测方程,得到扩展卡尔曼滤波公式。首先推导了计算公式,研究了迭代计算方法,并将其用于ＧＰＳ数据的实时处理。 相似文献
6.
迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波用于实时GPS数据处理 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
郭杭 《武汉测绘科技大学学报》1999,24(2):112-114,123
标准的卡尔曼滤波可以扩展到非线性模型,即将泰勒公式应用于状态方程和观测方程,得到扩展卡尔曼滤波公式。首先推导了计算公式,研究了迭代计算方法,并将其用于ＧＰＳ数据的实时处理。 相似文献
7.
针对在星载GPS卫星定轨中由于卫星动力学模型误差和不可避免的观测异常严重影响定轨精度的问题,通过采用适当的自适应控制因子和应用抗差估计原理,构造自适应抗差扩展卡尔曼滤波(RAEKF)来实现星载GPS卫星定轨。实测计算表明,自适应抗差扩展卡尔曼滤波对观测误差和状态扰动有一定的抵制能力,与一般扩展卡尔曼滤波相比提高了精度,证明其理论的可行性。 相似文献
8.
UKF滤波器性能分析及其在轨道计算中的仿真试验 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
讨论了UT（unscented transform）变换的性质，给出了一种新的扩展型卡尔曼滤波器UKF（unscented Kalman filter），它不仅具有较高的精度，而且不必计算偏导数阵。仿真分析的结果表明，UKF有良好的状态估计性能，使用简便，适合于非线性系统状态估计。 相似文献
9.
为提高地表沉降预测精度,针对灰色预测模型(GM(1,1))易受随机干扰影响致使预测精度不高的问题,建立了基于卡尔曼滤波的灰色理论预测模型。考虑到沉降量受到温度和时间因素影响较大的特点,将地表的沉降看作时间、温度的相关函数来建立卡尔曼滤波模型,并利用迭代滤波理论和LevenbergMarquardt优化滤波,构建改进的卡尔曼滤波模型。改进的卡尔曼滤波模型与灰色模型相结合,应用于地表沉降预测中,并将改进的卡尔曼滤波灰色模型预测结果与卡尔曼滤波灰色模型的预测结果进行对比。实例计算表明,使用改进的卡尔曼滤波对消除检测数据扰动误差后的数据进行灰色模型预测的精度相比于单纯灰色预测的预测精度更高。 相似文献
10.
针对无味Kalman滤波（Unscented Kalman Filter）在卫星定轨应用中存在计算效率和估计精度之间如何平衡的问题,本文提出了一种将无味Kalman滤波和扩展Kalman滤波（Extended Kalman Filter）相结合的新算法。该算法对标准的无味Kalman滤波算法作了两个方面的改进,一方面改进采样策略,以最小偏度单形采样策略代替对称采样策略;另一方面改进算法结构,以无味Kalman滤波和扩展Kalman滤波融合算法代替单纯的无味Kalman滤波算法,系统的强非线性部分采用无味Kalman滤波来处理,弱非线性部分采用扩展Kalman滤波来处理。算例结果表明,新算法估计精度与无味Kalman滤波相当,但计算效率提高了30%左右。 相似文献
11.
在全自主运动控制的移动机器人系统中,自身位姿的估计和校正对于移动机器人的运动至关重要。卡尔曼滤波是解决移动机器人同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)常用方法。相较于卡尔曼滤波,无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)无须对复杂的非线性函数进行雅可比矩阵运算。本文基于无迹卡尔曼滤波,根据先验协方差的平方根选择sigma点,计算协方差以及加权均值。用四元数表示姿态,将四元数矢量转换为旋转空间进行矩阵运算,在此基础上设计了一种位姿估计算法——基于四元数平方根的无迹卡尔曼滤波(QSR-UKF)算法。试验将EKF、QSR-UKF、SR-UKFEKF 3种算法的位姿估计结果进行仿真分析,并通过相关定量指标进行了描述,验证了本文算法的有效性。 相似文献
12.
Differential carrier phase observations from GPS (Global Positioning System) integrated with high-rate sensor measurements,
such as those from an inertial navigation system (INS) or an inertial measurement unit (IMU), in a tightly coupled approach
can guarantee continuous and precise geo-location information by bridging short outages in GPS and providing a solution even
when less than four satellites are visible. However, to be efficient, the integration requires precise knowledge of the lever
arm, i.e. the position vector of the GPS antenna relative to the IMU. A previously determined lever arm by direct measurement
is not always available in real applications; therefore, an efficient automatic estimation method can be very useful. We propose
a new hybrid derivative-free extended Kalman filter for the estimation of the unknown lever arm in tightly coupled GPS/INS
integration. The new approach takes advantage of both the linear time propagation of the Kalman filter and the nonlinear measurement
propagation of the derivative-free extended Kalman filter. Compared to the unscented Kalman filter, which in recent years
is typically used as a superior alternative to the extended Kalman filter for nonlinear estimation, the virtue of the new
Kalman filter is equal estimation accuracy at a significantly reduced computational burden. The performance of the new lever
arm estimation method is assessed with simulated and real data. Simulations show that the proposed technique can estimate
the unknown lever arm correctly provided that maneuvers with attitude changes are performed during initialization. Field test
results confirm the effectiveness of the new method. 相似文献
13.
针对一般的加性高斯白噪声系统,结合平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波和加性噪声无迹卡尔曼滤波的优点,提出了无须增广变量的加性高斯白噪声系统的平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波方法,并给出了其详细算法.该算法较传统方法具有较小的运算负担,较高的精度,并能有效克服滤波的发散.该方法应用于卫星导航系统动态多径估计问题,能够高效准确地得到直射信号与多径信号的各个参数的估计,从而抑制多径的影响.仿真试验表明,该方法在诸多方面改进了已有方法,是一种高效准确的非线性滤波方法. 相似文献
14.
15.
In this paper we consider the estimation of lake water quality constituent distributions from hyperspectral remote sensing data. We present a computational approach that can be used to assimilate information from mathematical evolution models into data processing. The method is based on a reduced order iterated extended Kalman filter, and a convection–diffusion model is used to describe the movement of the water quality constituents. The performance of the technique is evaluated in a simulation study. The results show that the filter approach with an appropriate evolution model yields estimates that have better spatial and temporal resolutions than those obtained with conventional methods. Furthermore, the use of a feasible evolution model may make it possible to obtain information also on the concentrations in the lower parts of the lake. 相似文献
16.
Divided difference filter (DDF) with quaternion-based dynamic process modeling is applied to global positioning system (GPS)
navigation. Using techniques similar to those of the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), the DDF uses divided difference approximations
of derivatives based on Stirling’s interpolation formula which results in a similar mean but different posterior covariance
compared to the extended Kalman filter (EKF) solutions. The second-order divided difference is obtained from the mean and
covariance in second-order polynomial approximation. The quaternion-based dynamic model is adopted for avoiding the singularity
problems encountered in the Euler angle method and enhancing the computational efficiency. The proposed method is applied
to GPS navigation to increase the navigation estimation accuracy at high-dynamic regions while preserving (without sacrificing)
the precision at low-dynamic regions. For the illustrated example, the second-order DDF can deliver about 41–82% accuracy
improvement as compared to the EKF. Some properties and performance are assessed and compared to those of the EKF and UKF
approaches. 相似文献
17.
ZHAO Dongming CAI Zhiwu 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(4):269-272
IntroductionAs is well known,the Kal manfilter(KF) is al-ways usedto deal withthe system whose dynam-ics and observation models are linear , and theextended Kal manfilter(EKF) is the most widelyused esti mator for nonlinear systems . In theEKFthe kal man … 相似文献
18.
A new estimate method is proposed, which takes advantage of the unscented transform method, thus the true mean and covariance are approximated more accurately. The new method can be applied to nonlinear systems without the linearization process necessary for the EKF, and it does not demand a Gaussian distribution of noise and what's more, its ease of implementation and more accurate estimation features enables it to demonstrate its good performance in the experiment of satellite orbit simulation. Numerical experiments show that the application of the unscented Kalman filter is more effective than the EKF. 相似文献