共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
WRF模式对青藏高原南坡夏季降水的模拟分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用中尺度数值模式WRF研究积云对流参数化方案、网格嵌套技术和模式分辨率对陡峭的青藏高原南坡夏季降水模拟的影响。对2006年7月青藏高原南坡地区降水的模拟分析表明:降水对积云对流参数化方案的选择很敏感,不同方案模拟的结果差异显著,采用Grell-Devenyi质量通量方案时的模拟效果优于其他方案。在此基础上,通过5种试验方案比较发现,使用积云对流参数化方案、提高模式分辨率和应用网格嵌套技术能改善降水强度和空间分布的模拟,组合使用时模拟的降水与观测资料更接近。它们均能改进风场,使得水汽的输送和辐合过程的模拟更加准确;还能影响大气的垂直加热状态,导致不同的对流发生,使垂直速度的分布趋于合理。未使用积云对流参数化方案时,大气湿度偏小,而模式分辨率和网格嵌套技术对大气湿度的影响不大。 相似文献
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RegCM3模式对新疆1996年降水和气温的数值模拟分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赵勇 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2012,6(4):38-43
通过数值模拟方法,研究了降水和气温对模式分辨率、初始和边界条件的敏感性。结果表明：区域模式RegCM3对新疆1996年冬季和夏季的降水和气温具有一定的模拟能力,气温的模拟要优于降水。分辨率、初始和边界条件对区域模式的模拟结果有较大的影响。模式分辨率的提高,可以增强对气温的模拟能力,尤其是气温沿地形变化的特点。分辨率的提高,同样可以改进降水的量级和落区。相同分辨率下,不同初始和边界条件,对降水的模拟结果影响不大。无论分辨率和初始,边界条件如何变化,塔克拉玛干沙漠南麓均有虚假降水出现,说明该模式在刻画复杂地形方面,还存在不足。 相似文献
3.
模式水平分辨率影响积云对流参数化效果的数值试验 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
利用一个有限区域嵌套细网格数据预模式，设计了３种不同分辨率的模式网格，通过对一次降水过程的预报，检验了模式水平分辨率对积云对流参数化效果的影响。结果表明：模水平分辨率的变化将直接影响积云对流参数化的效果，从而影响降水场和形势场。 相似文献
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《高原气象》2016,(6)
利用融合降水数据和TRMM卫星3A25月平均降水数据,评估了参与第五次耦合模式比较计划(CMIP5)的19个海气耦合模式模拟的东亚地区降水总量、对流和层云降水量和降水发生频率的结果。结果表明:(1)各模式都能较好地模拟东亚地区降水的气候态,高分辨率和中等分辨率模式能够模拟出喜马拉雅山南坡、中国南方以及洋面上的强降水中心,但低分辨率模式模拟结果较差;各模式对秋季和冬季降水量模拟结果较好,与观测值的空间平均相关系数均0.7,而春季和夏季的模拟结果相对较差,相关系数分别为0.50和0.61。(2)TRMM卫星数据表明,对流降水中心主要分布在菲律宾岛、孟加拉湾和青藏高原南部,而层云降水中心主要分布在青藏高原南部、长江下游地区、中国东海以及孟加拉湾。对于二者的模拟,对流降水的模拟较好,层云降水的模拟存在热带地区降水量偏小的问题,高、中分辨率模式的模拟能力要高于低分辨模式。(3)对于东亚地区总降水发生频率的模拟,有13个模式模拟的降水频率60%;对于不同降水强度发生频率的模拟,强度在0.001~1 mm·h-1之间绝大多数模式模拟的发生频率最高,而超过1.0 mm·h-1的降水事件都相当少;(4)对于层云降水发生频率的模拟,高、中分辨率模式的结果与多模式平均结果更为接近,但对于对流降水,高分辨率模式和中等分辨率模式模拟能力并没有明显优于低分辨模式。总体而言,高、中分辨率模式对于东亚地区降水模拟效果更好,因而提高模式水平分辨率成为改善气候模式模拟东亚地区降水能力的重要途径。 相似文献
6.
分辨率对区域气候极端事件模拟的影响 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
利用NCAR MM5V3对1999年6月长江流域的极端异常降水事件进行了模拟,主要研究不同水平和垂直分辨率对极端区域气候事件模拟的影响。数值模拟试验表明:模式能够模拟出极端强降水的主要分布特征;水平分辨率的提高降低了模式模拟的强降水偏差,对逐日降水变化的模拟更加合理,而垂直分辨率的提高基本上也都减小了模拟的强降水过程的偏差,改善对强降水的模拟能力;模式水平、垂直分辨率的提高在一定程度上增强了对强降水过程的模拟能力。水平分辨率的提高能够改善模式对海平面气压的模拟,而垂直分辨率的提高可以改善模式模拟的地面气温和低层环流。分辨率对中层大气环流的影响不是很敏感。不同积云对流参数化方案模拟的对流降水比率随水平分辨率的变化是不同的,Grell方案对流降水比例随分辨率的提高而增加,而Kain-Fritsch方案的结果相反。 相似文献
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初边界条件不确定性对AREM模拟一次华南致洪暴雨的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用AREM（advanced regional E-gridη-coordinates model）模式,针对2005年6月21日发生在华南的一次特大致洪暴雨过程,研究了模式初始场和边界场的不确定性对AREM模拟大暴雨过程的影响。研究表明：模式初始场和边界场对模式模拟降水的不同时段影响存在明显差异,初始扰动误差越大模式误差也越大;误差增长先在中小尺度内伴随着湿对流不稳定,且增长极其迅速,接着向大尺度传播,由于对流有效位能的逐渐释放,大气不稳定度降低,误差在大尺度上增长缓慢;在初始场和边界场相同精度的情况下,增加边界场的中尺度信息,尤其是400 km以下尺度的信息,比增加初始场的中尺度信息更能有效抑制误差的增长。 相似文献
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区域气候模式对我国中、东部夏季气候的数值模拟 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
利用高分辨率的区域气候模式RegCM3(ICTP,2004年)对1994、1997、1998年我国夏季(6～8月)气候进行了数值模拟试验,并对比分析了不同积云对流方案对降水场模拟结果的影响。结果表明:该模式能够较真实地描述出我国夏季温度场的主要高、低温中心及月际变化,但模拟的气温场偏低;选择不同的积云对流方案对降水的模拟结果影响很大,采用Grell积云对流方案模拟出的我国夏季降水场最接近观测场,较好地模拟出我国东部地区夏季主要雨带的大致位置及变化,但雨带的位置偏南、中心降水量值偏大;500 hPa位势高度场的模拟结果和实际观测场较为一致,但西风带的位置偏南,相应地副热带高压588位势什米线位置较观测场向东南偏移。 相似文献
9.
本文使用MM5中尺度数值模式,采用不同分辨率(90、45、30和15Km)相同的Reisner混合相微物理显示方案,及Betts—Miller和Grell的对流参数化方案,对2003年7月8日吉林省境内中尺度对流雨带天气过程进行了数值模拟试验。结果表明：不同尺度的天气系统,需要不同分辨率、不同参数化方案的中尺度模式进行模拟,提高模式的分辨率可以增强对含有对流的中小尺度天气系统的模拟和预报能力;模式的水平分辨率和对流参数化方案对模拟强降水中心有重要影响;当MM5模式分辨率提高时,模拟的细化给降水分布、降水强度带来一些改进,但主要雨区内也出现了一些虚假预报中心水平扩散;低层正涡度区,高层负涡度区的配合,对低层辐合上升运动有利、能促进对流发展;从散度场的分布特征看。低层850hPa的水平辐合区域强弱与降水的大小有密切关系,强水平辐合区与强降水区有很好的对应关系。因此,在MM5模式业务化时应该根据天气特点来选择模式分辨率和对流参数化方案,以使模拟结果更接近实况。 相似文献
10.
积云对流参数化方案对梅雨锋暴雨过程模拟的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用MM5模式,选用4种积云对流参数化方案对2002年7月长江流域梅雨锋暴雨过程进行数值试验,讨论了同一水平分辨率下不同参数化方案对降水特征、中尺度特征和云物理特征模拟的影响。结果表明:不同方案对强降水中心落区影响不是很大,但对降水强度有较大影响;4种方案次网格尺度和网格尺度降水对总降水贡献不同;GR和KF方案的闭合假设中考虑次网格尺度湿下沉气流,可一定程度再现一些中尺度特征;4种方案模拟的云物理量特征存在很大差别。 相似文献
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尺度适应(scale-aware)的物理过程是现代数值预报发展的一种趋势,本文针对GRAPES_Meso(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System)模式没有考虑物理过程尺度适应的现状,首先在KFeta(Kain-Fritsch Eta)积云对流参数化方案中引进了尺度适应过程,对该方案的对流时间尺度、格点垂直速度以及夹卷率进行了基于尺度适应参数化的改进。为研究尺度适应KFeta方案与原KFeta方案对不同分辨率模式模拟结果的影响,选取了一次华南飑线过程进行数值模拟和影响分析。结果表明:在3 km、5 km、10 km、20 km水平分辨率的GRAPES_Meso模式中,尺度适应KFeta方案相比原方案,对降水强度及落区分布的模拟有一定的正效果,随着模式水平分辨率提高,次网格降水减少、格点降水增多、对流层中低层夹卷略有增强,对原来存在的对流层高层及低层偏冷的偏差有一定的改进,对流活跃区域的上升气流强度、云中水凝物含量更符合真实的天气系统演变。综合来看,改进后的方案更适用于高分辨率数值预报模式,该研究结果可以为尺度适应对流参数化方案的应用及数值模式强降水预报性能的优化提供有益的参考。 相似文献
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High resolution simulation of the South Asian monsoon using a variable resolution global climate model 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
T. P Sabin R. Krishnan Josefine Ghattas Sebastien Denvil Jean-Louis Dufresne Frederic Hourdin Terray Pascal 《Climate Dynamics》2013,41(1):173-194
This study examines the feasibility of using a variable resolution global general circulation model (GCM), with telescopic zooming and enhanced resolution (~35 km) over South Asia, to better understand regional aspects of the South Asian monsoon rainfall distribution and the interactions between monsoon circulation and precipitation. For this purpose, two sets of ten member realizations are produced with and without zooming using the LMDZ (Laboratoire Meteorologie Dynamique and Z stands for zoom) GCM. The simulations without zoom correspond to a uniform 1° × 1° grid with the same total number of grid points as in the zoom version. So the grid of the zoomed simulations is finer inside the region of interest but coarser outside. The use of these finer and coarser resolution ensemble members allows us to examine the impact of resolution on the overall quality of the simulated regional monsoon fields. It is found that the monsoon simulation with high-resolution zooming greatly improves the representation of the southwesterly monsoon flow and the heavy precipitation along the narrow orography of the Western Ghats, the northeastern mountain slopes and northern Bay of Bengal (BOB). A realistic Monsoon Trough (MT) is also noticed in the zoomed simulation, together with remarkable improvements in representing the associated precipitation and circulation features, as well as the large-scale organization of meso-scale convective systems over the MT region. Additionally, a more reasonable simulation of the monsoon synoptic disturbances (lows and disturbances) along the MT is noted in the high-resolution zoomed simulation. On the other hand, the no-zoom version has limitations in capturing the depressions and their movement, so that the MT zone is relatively dry in this case. Overall, the results from this work demonstrate the usefulness of the high-resolution variable resolution LMDZ model in realistically capturing the interactions among the monsoon large-scale dynamics, the synoptic systems and the meso-scale convective systems, which are essential elements of the South Asian monsoon system. 相似文献
14.
Local flash flood storms with a rapid hydrological response are a real challenge for quantitative precipitation forecasting (QPF). It is relevant to assess space domains, to which the QPF approaches are applicable. In this paper an attempt is made to evaluate the forecasting capability of a high-resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) model by means of area-related QPF verification. The results presented concern two local convective events, which occurred in the Czech Republic (CR) on 13 and 15 July 2002 and caused local flash floods. We used the LM COSMO model (Lokall Model of the COSMO consortium) adapted to the horizontal resolution of 2.8 km over a model domain covering the CR. The 18 h forecast of convective precipitation was verified by using radar rainfall totals adjusted to the measured rain gauge data. The grid point-related root mean square error (RMSE) value was calculated over a square around the grid point under the assumption that rainfall values were randomly distributed within the square. The forecast accuracy was characterized by the mean RMSE over the whole verification domain. We attempt to show a dependence of both the RMSE field and the mean RMSE on the square size. The importance of a suitable merger between the radar and rain gauge datasets is demonstrated by a comparison between the verification results obtained with and without the gauge adjustment. The application of verification procedure demonstrates uncertainties in the precipitation forecasts. The model was integrated with initial conditions shifted by 0.5° distances. The four verifications, corresponding to the shifts in the four directions, show differences in the resulting QPF, which depend on the size of verification area and on the direction of the shift. 相似文献
15.
The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University/NCAR Mesoscale Model Version 3 (MM5V3) was used to simulate extreme heavy rainfall events over the Yangtze River Basin in June 1999. The effects of model's horizontal and vertical resolution on the extreme climate events were investigated in detail. In principle, the model was able to characterize the spatial distribution of monthly heavy precipitation. The results indicated that the increase in horizontal resolution could reduce the bias of the modeled heavy rain and reasonably simulate the change of daily precipitation during the study period. A finer vertical resolution led to obviously improve rainfall simulations with smaller biases, and hence, better resolve heavy rainfall events. The increase in both horizontal and vertical resolution could produce better predictions of heavy rainfall events. Not only the rainfall simulation altered in the cases of different horizontal and vertical grid spacing, but also other meteorological fields demonstrated diverse variations in terms of resolution change in the model. An evident improvement in the simulated sea level pressure resulted from the increase of horizontal resolution, but the simulation was insensitive to vertical grid spacing. The increase in vertical resolution could enhance the simulation of surface temperature as well as atmospheric circulation at low levels, while the simulation of circulation at middle and upper levels were found to be much less dependent on changing resolution. In addition, cumulus parameterization schemes showed high sensitivity to horizontal resolution. Different convective schemes exhibited large discrepancies in rainfall simulations with regards to changing resolution. The percentage of convective precipitation in the Grell scheme increased with increasing horizontal resolution. In contrast, the Kain-Fritsch scheme caused a reduced ratio of convective precipitation to total rainfall accumulations corresponding to increasing horizontal resolution. 相似文献
16.
Effects of model resolution and subgrid-scale physics on the simulation of precipitation in the continental United States 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
J. P. Iorio P. B. Duffy B. Govindasamy S. L. Thompson M. Khairoutdinov D. Randall 《Climate Dynamics》2004,23(3-4):243-258
We analyze simulations of the global climate performed at a range of spatial resolutions to assess the effects of horizontal spatial resolution on the ability to simulate precipitation in the continental United States. The model investigated is the CCM3 general circulation model. We also preliminarily assess the effect of replacing cloud and convective parameterizations in a coarse-resolution (T42) model with an embedded cloud-system resolving model (CSRM). We examine both spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation and daily time scale temporal variability of precipitation in the continental United States. For DJF and SON, high-resolution simulations produce spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation that agree more closely with observed precipitation patterns than do results from the same model (CCM3) at coarse resolution. However, in JJA and MAM, there is little improvement in spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation with increasing resolution, particularly in the southeast USA. This is because of the dominance of convective (i.e., parameterized) precipitation in these two seasons. We further find that higher-resolution simulations have more realistic daily precipitation statistics. In particular, the well-known tendency at coarse resolution to have too many days with weak precipitation and not enough intense precipitation is partially eliminated in higher-resolution simulations. However, even at the highest resolution examined here (T239), the simulated intensity of the mean and of high-percentile daily precipitation amounts is too low. This is especially true in the southeast USA, where the most extreme events occur. A new GCM, in which a cloud-resolving model (CSRM) is embedded in each grid cell and replaces convective and stratiform cloud parameterizations, solves this problem, and actually produces too much precipitation in the form of extreme events. However, in contrast to high-resolution versions of CCM3, this model produces little improvement in spatial patterns of seasonal-mean precipitation compared to models at the same resolution using traditional parameterizations. 相似文献
17.
Impact of Horizontal Resolution and Cumulus Parameterization Scheme on the Simulation of Heavy Rainfall Events over the Korean Peninsula 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this paper, we present the results from high-resolution numerical simulations of three heavy rainfall events over the Korean Peninsula. The numerical results show that the prediction accuracy for heavy rainfall events improved as horizontal resolution increased. The fine-grid precipitation fields were much closer to the real precipitation fields in the case of large synoptic forcing over the Korean Peninsula. In the case of large convective available potential energy and weak synoptic forcing, it seems that even when using a high resolution, the models still showed poor performance in reproducing the observed high precipitation amounts. However, activation of the cumulus parameterization scheme in the intermediate resolution of 9 km, even at a grid spacing of 3 km, had a positive impact on the simulation of the heavy rainfall event. 相似文献
18.
利用中尺度非静力WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式及其三维变分同化系统,对2007年7月淮河流域的一次强降雨过程进行多普勒雷达径向速度资料的三维变分同化试验,重点考察雷达资料的不同稀疏化方式对同化结果以及对暴雨数值模拟的影响。结果表明:同化多普勒雷达径向速度资料使得模式初始风场包含了更丰富的中尺度特征信息,有效调整了初始场的环流结构,能够改善模式对暴雨过程的模拟效果;以不同的稀疏化处理方式同化多普勒雷达径向速度资料对分析场会产生不同的影响,进而影响模式的降水预报效果,本次试验中当极坐标网格径向分辨率取10 km的时候降水过程的预报效果最好。 相似文献