共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Huang Qinghua Ikeya Motoji and Huang PeihuaDepartment of Earth Space Sciences Graduate School of Science Osaka University Osaka Japan Department of Earth Space Sciences University of Science Technology of China Hefei China 《中国地震研究》1997,(1)
Electric field effect on animals has been studied to investigate its relation with seismic anomalous animal behaviors(SAABs)in China.Freshwater eel,crucian carp,catfish,and soft-shelled turtle responded to the threshold electric field of 1-10 V/m,while duck,goose,cat,sheep,pig,dog,and chicken all responded to the ground electric field of about tens of V/m,depending on the species as well as on individuals.Most of the behaviors caused by electric field were similar to those reported as SAABs such as alignment,sudden movement,panic,and convulsion.The intensity of electric field due to a major earthquake would have been over these threshold values.Numerical estimation based on an electromagnetic model of a fault has been made to induce SAABs as electric shocks to pulsed electric fields in electro-physiology.The seismic electric signals(SES)intensity might be estimated from the observation of SAABs. 相似文献
2.
P. Knížová 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1996,40(4):430-438
Summary Plasma parameters were measured by the Intercosmos 24 satellite at altitudes between 2300 km and 2500 km about 40 hours prior to the strong shock of the Iranian earthquake of 6 July 1990. Anomalous concentrations of light ions and electrons were observed mainly above the active seismic zone up to two days before the shock (Boková et al., 1993, 1994). This paper presents a model which, with the use of the anomalous electric field, is able to describe the observed changes of light ion concentrations in the plasmasphere above regions of imminent seismic events. The value of the intensity of the anomalous electric field, required to explain the observed changes, is estimated. For the seismic event analyzed intensity of the anomalous electric field is comparable with the value of the ambipolar electric field, but of opposite direction. 相似文献
3.
K.A. Boyarchuk A.M. Lomonosov S. A. Pulinets V. V. Hegai 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1998,42(2):197-210
The paper deals with the mechanism of generating a ground potential gradient electric field in regions of seismic activity and its penetration into the ionosphere. The mechanism is based on the electrode effect of charge separation under the action of the natural atmospheric electric field, A large, non-compensated, space charge is formed following a chain of ion-molecular reactions as a result of the anomalous increase of radon and aerosol emanation from the crust. This space charge leads to anomalous variations of the electric field ground level, which is supported by the experimental observations made in the seismo-active regions. In turn the variations of the strong electric field over the large earthquake areas lead to the modification of ionospheric parameters due to penetration of the anomalous electric field into the ionosphere. A theoretical model of these phenomena is proposed in this paper. 相似文献
4.
5.
运用海河断裂、 沧东断裂、 天津北断裂和天津南断裂断层气测量结果, 同时结合人工地震探测结果, 讨论了土壤气氡异常位置与断层上断点位置的关系和土壤氡背景场与背景值的问题。 研究结果表明, 覆盖层的厚度对土壤气氡异常的位置存在一定影响, 覆盖浅的断层, 断层气异常一般在断层上断点的上方; 覆盖厚的断层, 断层气异常往往与断层位置不一致, 至少存在60 m左右的误差, 说明断层气异常存在偏离断层的情况。 从偏移距离以及异常位于断层的上盘或下盘上看, 未发现有统计上的关系。 在土壤气氡测量结果的异常确定上, 以每条测线的相对高值判定异常为宜, 不宜使用统一的背景场来确定异常。 相似文献
6.
7.
丽江7级地震震区的汞量异常分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本主要根据测汞技术在震区配合地震地质、烈度区划等项工作,目的是探测盆地内的隐伏断层。汞含量在断层上方有明显的高值异常,这已为许多基础实验所证实,在地震领域已有运用。我们这次在丽江盆地共设了六条测汞同,取得了较好的效果。一般在高烈度异常点、地裂地段、抛石块地段,汞的测值均高于背景值,达异常指标。汞的高异常往往是断层止方,从而证实发震断层在盆地内通过,而这条断层又与玉龙山前断裂的走向基本一致,说明玉 相似文献
8.
本文利用研究区内13个地震台站2014年1月至12月的连续波形数据, 采用背景噪声互相关方法, 提取了2014年8月3日鲁甸MS6.5地震的同震波速变化。 结果表明, 鲁甸地震对介质波速的影响具有明显的空间差异性, 较大幅度的同震波速变化主要集中于则木河断裂—小江断裂及莲峰断裂区域。 其中, 莲峰断裂SW段和则木河断裂NW段区域的波速出现了较为明显的同震降低, 则木河断裂和小江断裂交界处则出现了明显的波速升高。 通过对比研究区内介质波速的同震变化与鲁甸地震对周边主要活动断裂应力积累的影响后发现, 波速变化与应力变化在空间分布上具有较高的一致性, 且两者的变化幅度也成正相关关系。 由此可以看出, 鲁甸地震造成的应力变化可能是地下介质波速变化的主要原因。 采用相同的方法对2014年4月5日永善MS5.1地震研究后发现, 永善地震后鲁甸地震震源区及其附近区域波速明显升高。 相似文献
9.
The electric and magnetic variations observed during the earthquake of March 11, 2011 that occurred in the Pacific close to the northeastern coast of Honshu Island in Japan are analyzed. The variations in the electric voltage were measured at the decommissioned submarine telecommunication cable laid on the bed of the Sea of Japan. The neighboring observatories recorded the anomalous geomagnetic variations during the studied time interval; the sources and spatial location of these anomalies are studied. The seismic signals were identified from the seismograms recorded by the broadband seismometer STS-2 at the nearest seismic station. 相似文献
10.
O. V. Zolotov A. A. Namgaladze I. E. Zakharenkova O. V. Martynenko I. I. Shagimuratov 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2012,52(3):390-397
The paper presents the results of studying anomalous variations in the total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere as probable precursors of strong seismic events. The vertical drift of the F2 layer’s ionospheric plasma under the effect of seismically generated zonal electric field is considered as a likely reason for the observed variations in the TEC. An estimation of this drift effects is made by mathematical simulation utilizing the global numerical model of the Earth’s upper atmosphere (UAM). Midlatitude ionospheric effects were simulated. Two types of seismogenerated electric fields (dipole and monopole) were used with various magnitudes and spatial configurations. The derived results were compared with the TEC data of GPS observations from the IGS for the Kitira earthquake in southern Greece (January 8, 2006; M 6.8). It was shown that variations generated by additional sources of the dipole type are consistent with the observed data; monopole-type sources did not reproduce some typical peculiarities of these observations and systematically underestimated the deviation value. 相似文献
11.
12.
The electric and magnetic variations observed during the earthquake of March 11, 2011 that occurred in the Pacific close to the northeastern coast of Honshu Island in Japan are analyzed. The variations in the electric voltage were measured at the decommissioned submarine telecommunication cable laid on the bed of the Sea of Japan. The neighboring observatories recorded the anomalous geomagnetic variations during the studied time interval; the sources and spatial location of these anomalies are studied. The seismic signals were identified from the seismograms recorded by the broadband seismometer STS-2 at the nearest seismic station.
相似文献13.
利用青藏高原北部地区弱震活动资料筛选出3个具有中短期预报效能的地震窗口,分析了Ms≥5．0地震前各个窗口的异常特征,提取出半定量的中短期预报指标．即：在中强地震前80％的异常出现在地震前1～6个月,以中心异常出现时间向后推1～6个月作为预测的发震时间;异常幅度与未来震级之间没有明显的对应关系．对于7级以上大地震,古浪窗的显异常主要对应边界水平剪切走滑活动断裂上发生的地震;舟曲窗和乌海窗的显异常主要对应活动块体内部挤压逆冲断裂上发生的地震．而5～6级的中等地震没有明显的对应规律． 相似文献
14.
信浓川地震带位于日本大地沟北部,地壳运动十分强烈,区内地震主要沿信浓川流域发生,并密集成带,大地构造上处于日本海板块向本州板块俯冲的边界线上。该地震带大多数地震为中强震,且均为浅源地震,地震发生伴随着明显的地下水前兆异常,震中区有强烈的超压热水系的喷溢活动。震中区地下水的温度、电导率以及主要地球化学成分呈线性异常分布,并与地震强弱或地震断裂规模有关,地震断层的规模控制了超压热水系喷溢活动的强度和规模。地震发生与超压热水系喷溢活动有着密切的成生关系,超压热水系喷溢活动使断层发生活动所需应力条件降低,诱发地震发生,同时断层活动为超压热水系向上喷溢提供通道。 相似文献
15.
Active source monitoring at the Wenchuan fault zone: coseismic velocity change associated with aftershock event and its implication 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 With the improvement of seismic observation system, more and more observations indicate that earthquakes may cause seismic velocity change. However, the amplitude and spatial distribution of the velocity variation remains a controversial issue. Recent active source monitoring carried out adjacent to Wenchuan Fault Scientific Drilling (WFSD) revealed unambiguous coseismic velocity change associated with a local Ms5.5 earthquake. Here, we carry out forward modeling using two-dimensional spectral element method to further investigate the amplitude and spatial distribution of observed velocity change. The model is well constrained by results from seismic reflection and WFSD coring. Our model strongly suggests that the observed coseismic velocity change is localized within the fault zone with width of ~120 m rather than dynamic strong ground shaking. And a velocity decrease of ~2.0 % within the fault zone is required to fit the observed travel time delay distribution, which coincides with rock mechanical experiment and theoretical modeling. 相似文献
16.
We present new in situ observations of systematic asymmetry in the pattern of damage expressed by fault zone rocks along sections of the San Andreas,
San Jacinto, and Punchbowl faults in southern California. The observed structural asymmetry has consistent manifestations
at a fault core scale of millimeters to meters, a fault zone scale of meters to tens of meters and related geomorphologic
features. The observed asymmetric signals are in agreement with other geological and geophysical observations of structural
asymmetry in a damage zone scale of tens to hundreds of meters. In all of those scales, more damage is found on the side of
the fault with faster seismic velocities at seismogenic depths. The observed correlation between the damage asymmetry and
local seismic velocity structure is compatible with theoretical predictions associated with preferred propagation direction
of earthquake ruptures along faults that separate different crustal blocks. The data are consistent with a preferred northwestward
propagation direction for ruptures on all three faults. If our results are supported by additional observations, asymmetry
of structural properties determined in field studies can be utilized to infer preferred propagation direction of large earthquake
ruptures along a given fault section. The property of a preferred rupture direction can explain anomalous behavior of historic
rupture events, and may have profound implications for many aspects of earthquake physics on large faults. 相似文献
17.
苍山5．2级地震前地震波速比的异常变化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文对苍山５．２级地震前，鲁南地区地震波速比的时、空分布特征进行了分析，发现５．２级地震前，该区波速比的时、空分布都出现了较明显的低值异常。时间分布的异常形态为下降—低值—恢复—发震。空间分布则为近似圆形的低值异常区。异常区外围地区显示地震平静。苍山５．２级地震前，我们曾根据该区的波速比异常变化，对鲁南地区提出了预报意见。 相似文献
18.
Mathieu J. Duchesne E. Julie Halliday J. Vaughn Barrie 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,73(2):111-120
Combining time–amplitude and time–frequency information from seismic reflection data sets of different resolutions allows the analysis of anomalous reflections from very-shallow to great subsurface depths. Thus, it can enhance the imaging of subsurface features which have a frequency-dependent reflectivity such as gas. Analysing seismic data of different resolution in the time–amplitude and time–frequency domains is a powerful method to determine hydrocarbon migration pathways from deep reservoirs to the seafloor. This interpretation method has been applied to the formerly-glaciated offshore Queen Charlotte Basin hosting several seafloor pockmarks and mounds associated with the leakage of underlying hydrocarbon reservoirs. Low-frequency shadows observed in the time–frequency domain provide evidence of different resolutions that several anomalous reflection amplitudes may be attributed to the occurrence of gas. The seismic imagery shows that gas uses a fault to migrate from deep reservoirs included in Upper Mesozoic strata towards secondary reservoirs located along the fault plane into Neogene layers. Once gas reaches a porous cut-and-fill succession, migration changes from structurally- to stratigraphically-controlled before gas leaks through unconsolidated Quaternary sediments forming the shallow subsurface to eventually seep at the seafloor where pockmarks and carbonate mounds are formed. 相似文献
19.
对比分析利用涡度距平法提出的2022年1月8日青海门源 MS6.9 地震震前射出长波辐射(OLR)短期异常分布和震后InSAR技术提取的门源地震同震形变空间分布,结果显示,震前红外辐射增强区与InSAR同震破裂形变区的空间位置基本吻合,扩展形式基本相似(同震破裂形变区分布在红外辐射异常区内部)。在震前的全国范围OLR空间分布上,仅青海德令哈—西宁—甘肃武威一带出现了呈“哑铃”状近WE向展布的OLR热辐射增强区,空间可辨识度高,OLR异常时空演化过程遵循了岩石应力加载破裂过程中的热异常规律,显示热异常变化与应力变化存在关联; InSAR技术提取的同震形变同样位于肃南—祁连断裂(俄堡段)、托莱山断裂和冷龙岭断裂的交汇区。InSAR同震形变结果揭示了地表形变以水平方向为主,断层运动具有典型的走滑变形特征。InSAR同震形变结果为红外遥感反映地震形变提供可检验的地质实体监测证据,验证了门源地震前辐射增强异常是地震构造地应力强度变化的遥感物理参量反映。 相似文献
20.
利用长白山天池火山区三维空间深地震测观测系统所采集的反射P波走时资料,采用层析成像技术,重建了该区地壳界面构造形态和速度分析图像。界面成像结果表明：研究区地壳界面总体上显示了由北西向东南加深的趋势;马鞍山—三道白河断裂和富尔河—红旗河断裂是本区两条主要的深部构造,尤其是马鞍山—三道白河断裂,北北东向穿越天池火山口,其两侧的地壳界面存在明显的错断,预示了该处地壳厚度陡变或深大断裂带的存在,速度成像结果显示在10km深度,明显的P波低速异常分布在天池周围;15km深度上它表现为一个近南北向的P波低速异常条带,其延展尺度南北向为80~90km,东西向30~40km;随着深度的增加,P波低速异常分布在天池西侧,其尺度有明显的缩小,分布范围更加集中,而且低速扰动幅度更大。这种P波速度异常的变化图像在一定程度上反映了天池火山口下方壳内岩浆系统的空间分状况。 相似文献