共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
由于地球自转参数(ERP)的滞后性,目前主要使用国际地球自转和参考服务IERS发布的Bulletin A(简称A公报)预报值进行解算,ERP预报误差对于天文测量的影响目前缺少系统的研究。为此,本文选取IERS 2015—2021近7年A公报的ERP参数对其长期预报及不同时间跨度预报误差分析,并以某站数字天顶望远镜观测结果为例,分析了ERP预报误差对于天文测量的影响。结果表明,随着时间的增加,预报精度越来越差,对于极移参数,1年跨度的预报误差值达到了0.021 as,预报误差对天文经、纬度及方位角的影响分别为0.045 as、0.041 as和0.042 as,完全满足一等天文测量的精度要求;而UT1-UTC预报精度是限制A公报精度的主要因素,60天UT1-UTC的预报误差值已达到了0.007 s,对天文经度的影响达到了0.379 as,已超出一等天文测量的精度要求。为了满足一等天文测量的要求,选取UT1-UTC预报值时,其时间跨度最大为40 d。 相似文献
2.
根据地球自转参数时间序列的特性,给出了自回归滑动平均模型的识别方法,在自回归滑动平均模型参数估算中采用了长自回归白噪化方法,试验分析表明,采用该方法进行参数估计时具有简便较为有效的特点,同时,该方法的另一个特点是全部求解过程都是解线性方程组,避免了非线性运算。为减少地球自转参数时间序列相邻数据的强相关性,先扣除地球自转参数时间序列的趋势项和周期项,再对残差序列进行差分处理,最后利用自回归滑动平均模型对地球自转参数进行短期预报,有效验证了上述算法的可行性及正确性,地球自转参数短期预报结果与地球自转服务产品相当。 相似文献
3.
极移参数（polar motion,PM）是地球定向参数（earth orientation parameter,EOP）的重要组成部分,在天文大地测量、卫星的导航定位以及卫星的自主定轨等领域有重要的应用。本文首先利用国际地球自转服务（international earth rotation and reference systems service,IERS）提供的极移观测值进行极移时间序列频谱分析及周期项的提取。结果表明,快速傅里叶变换与离散傅里叶变换周期项提取到的周期项基本无差异,但极移X、Y分量时变分析结果存在差异。此外,本文将正弦逼近应用到极移参数的预报,对于长时间尺度的极移参数预报最小二乘外推模型效果最佳,但预报模型精度易受到周期项提取结果的影响;最小二乘外推模型在极移正向预报和反推拟合效果相近,借助正弦逼近方法可以一定程度上增强模型拟合效果。上述研究结果可为地球自转参数的预报研究提供参考。 相似文献
4.
针对我国利用BDS数据自主确定地球自转参数(ERP)时,需对其精度进行验证和分析的问题,该文利用我国境内及周边的GPS基准站数据以及MEGX网BDS数据进行ERP解算,对解算结果进行精度对比和分析。解算结果表明:利用BDS数据解算的ERP,在X方向极移和国际地球自转服务(IERS)公布值差值的RMS为0.6576mas,Y方向极移差值的RMS为1.0324mas,UT1-UTC差值的RMS为0.0853ms;利用GPS数据解算ERP,在x方向极移差值的RMS为0.4516mas,Y方向极移差值的RMS为0.5475mas,精度明显比利用BDS数据解算的要高,UT1-UTC差值的RMS为0.2153ms,比利用BDS数据解算的精度差。利用两种技术解算ERP发现极移参数存在明显的系统性误差,而UT1-UTC值不存在明显的系统性误差。结果表明,利用BDS技术确定地球自转参数精度虽然比GPS要差,但较之前成果有了很大提高。 相似文献
5.
6.
本根据现代空间技术测定地球引力场变化的进展，提出了用实测的地球自转参数和实测的低阶重力场变化结合的方法以研究地球角动量变化。其突出的优点是可以使引起地球角动量变化的质量项和速度场项解耦，使原来较复杂的问题简化。作为本提出的方法的实例，我们用Lageos-1和Lageos-2两颗卫星的SLR资料求解ΔC20，计算出ΔLOD序列，与（ΔLOD－Wind)残差序列相比，有较好的一致性，显示出本方法的有效性。 相似文献
7.
为进一步提高极移预报精度,将小波分解引入极移预报中。首先利用小波分解对极移序列进行分解,分离低频分量与高频分量,然后对低频分量建立最小二乘外推模型,获得极移序列的趋势项外推值与残差序列,最后采用自回归（autoregressive,AR）模型对高频分量与残差序列之和进行预报,最终极移的预报值为最小二乘外推值与AR模型预报值之和。结果表明,小波分解可以明显改善最小二乘外推与AR组合模型的极移预报精度,尤其对于中长期预报改善更为明显。 相似文献
8.
近三年VLBI观测的数据处理及分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
介绍了标准NGS数据格式与IVS(international VLBI service for geodesy and astrometry)网站公布的新格式之间的差异,将2005~2007年的VLBI数据进行了格式转换,利用由挪威大地测量研究所和澳大利亚地球科学研究所共同开发的OCCAM 6.2软件解算出大地测量参数(Xp,Yp,UT1-UTC、dψ,dε),并在解算过程中,将两种不同的UT1内插模型进行了对比,同时还将解算结果与IERS网站公布的数据进行了对比。 相似文献
9.
地球自转速度变化是导致全球气候变暖的重要原因之一,而探讨地球自转速度变化与气温变化的影响的相关性,并尝试建立一定的相关性模型是其中一种研究方式.首先分别利用地球自转速率数据与全球气温数据分析与建模,并判断模型温度预测的可行性,发现仅可进行短期温度预测;研究全球温度数据与地球自转速度变化数据相关性,进行相关性分析以及显著性检验,可知二者有强正相关性;最后研究气温预测的可行性,对气温和自转速率数据回归拟合,利用拟合公式,进行实际与预测的地球自转速率温度预测实验,结果证明推测方法可行.实验以IERS官网获取的日详细地球自转速度变化数据,以及伯克利地球组织获取的全球气温数据为例. 相似文献
10.
利用PANDA软件解算2016年第61~91天的MGEX(Multi-GNSS Experiment)服务站的北斗数据,获得地球自转参数(ERP)。利用VieVS2.2软件处理了同时段的甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)数据。采用基于IERS 08C04序列的定权方法对BDS和VLBI的解算结果进行加权平均,得到综合的ERP值。结果表明,与IERS比较,极移在X方向差值的RMS为0.249 mas,Y方向差值的RMS为0.296 mas,UT1-UTC差值的RMS为0.053 ms.利用BDS与VLBI数据对ERP参数进行联合解算,弥补了BDS解算结果不稳定和VLBI观测不连续的缺陷,使解算结果的稳定性和可靠性均有所提高。 相似文献
11.
A data-driven approach to local gravity field modelling using spherical radial basis functions 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
We propose a methodology for local gravity field modelling from gravity data using spherical radial basis functions. The methodology
comprises two steps: in step 1, gravity data (gravity anomalies and/or gravity disturbances) are used to estimate the disturbing
potential using least-squares techniques. The latter is represented as a linear combination of spherical radial basis functions
(SRBFs). A data-adaptive strategy is used to select the optimal number, location, and depths of the SRBFs using generalized
cross validation. Variance component estimation is used to determine the optimal regularization parameter and to properly
weight the different data sets. In the second step, the gravimetric height anomalies are combined with observed differences
between global positioning system (GPS) ellipsoidal heights and normal heights. The data combination is written as the solution
of a Cauchy boundary-value problem for the Laplace equation. This allows removal of the non-uniqueness of the problem of local
gravity field modelling from terrestrial gravity data. At the same time, existing systematic distortions in the gravimetric
and geometric height anomalies are also absorbed into the combination. The approach is used to compute a height reference
surface for the Netherlands. The solution is compared with NLGEO2004, the official Dutch height reference surface, which has
been computed using the same data but a Stokes-based approach with kernel modification and a geometric six-parameter “corrector
surface” to fit the gravimetric solution to the GPS-levelling points. A direct comparison of both height reference surfaces
shows an RMS difference of 0.6 cm; the maximum difference is 2.1 cm. A test at independent GPS-levelling control points, confirms
that our solution is in no way inferior to NLGEO2004. 相似文献
12.
Decorrelated GRACE time-variable gravity solutions by GFZ,and their validation using a hydrological model 总被引：14，自引：6，他引：8
We have analyzed recent gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) RL04 monthly gravity solutions, using a new decorrelating
post-processing approach. We find very good agreement with mass anomalies derived from a global hydrological model. The post-processed
GRACE solutions exhibit only little amplitude damping and an almost negligible phase shift and period distortion for relevant
hydrological basins. Furthermore, these post-processed GRACE solutions have been inspected in terms of data fit with respect
to the original inter-satellite ranging and to SLR and GPS observations. This kind of comparison is new. We find variations
of the data fit due to solution post-processing only within very narrow limits. This confirms our suspicion that GRACE data
do not firmly ‘pinpoint’ the standard unconstrained solutions. Regarding the original Kusche (J Geod 81:733–749, 2007) decorrelation
and smoothing method, a simplified (order-convolution) approach has been developed. This simplified approach allows to realize
a higher resolution—as necessary, e.g., for generating computed GRACE observations—and needs far less coefficients to be stored. 相似文献
13.
The quantitative assessment of spatial soil erosion is valuable information to control the erosion. The study area in a part of Narmada river in central India is selected. The main objective is to assess and compare the results obtained from three soil erosion models using GIS platform. Variation in the rate of erosion of the three models is compared considering varying slope, soil and land use of the area. Three models selected are Morgan–Morgan–Finney (MMF), Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). The best fit or the most reliable model for the study area is selected after validation with the observed sedimentation data. The results give –39.45%, –9.60% and 4.80% difference in the values of sedimentation by MMF, USLE and RUSLE, respectively, from the observed data. Finally, RUSLE model has been found to be most reliable for the study area. 相似文献
14.
GPS共视接收机短期观测资料处理算法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出了一种新的基于总体最小二乘数据拟合的短期观测资料处理算法 ,同时考虑测量时刻和时差测量值的不确定性 ,可提高共视接收机输出的单站数据精度。超短基线单通道共视测量数据表明 ,使用新算法后 ,可以提高原始共视数据短期稳定度 相似文献
15.
基于统计回归的积雪覆盖率反演方法适合提取大范围区域的积雪覆盖率,提出了基于归一化积雪指数(NDSI)的非线性积雪覆盖率回归模型,利用阿拉斯加、西伯利亚和内蒙古地区的样本数据进行回归分析,估计模型参数,并利用建立的回归模型提取天山地区和祁连山地区的积雪覆盖率进行了验证。结果显示,基于NDSI的非线性积雪覆盖率回归模型对样本数据的拟合度和利用模型提取的积雪覆盖率精度相对于线性模型均有一定的提高。 相似文献
16.
提出了对每一类地物的光谱特征用一个高斯混合模型(Gauss mixture model,GMM)描述的新思路,并应用在半监督分类(semi-supervised classification)中。实验证明,本方法只需少量的标定数据即可达到其他监督分类方法(如支持向量机分类、面向对象分类)的精度,具有较好的应用价值。 相似文献
17.
以拟合方差最小为准则,通过点质量法拟合船载重力测量数据,得到点质量大小、埋深等参数。回避点质量法数值求解的不稳定性问题,借鉴移去-恢复技术的思路,利用该参数计算船载重力测量点上的重力异常,并将其在测线上的重力异常中扣除,计算出船载重力残差值。以点质量大小、埋深等参数计算卫星测高重力格网点上重力异常,同样得到测高重力残差值。采用加权最小曲率格网化方法,将船载重力残差值与测高重力残差值格网化,进而恢复由点质量大小、埋深等参数计算格网点处的重力异常,实现卫星测高与船载重力测量数据融合。经国际船载重力测量数据检核,融合后的模型较国际船载重力测量数据的平均偏差在1~2 mGal（1 Gal=1×10-2 m/s2）,标准差约为4 mGal。本文的研究方法可为陆地、海岸带区域的多种重力数据的融合、航空重力及卫星重力的向下延拓等问题提供参考。 相似文献
18.
J. F. Reinoso F. J. Ariza-López D. Barrera A. Gómez-Blanco R. Romero-Zaliz 《国际地球制图》2016,31(8):832-844
Collecting data to make an accurate representation for roads is an expensive process. Nevertheless, there is a collaborative alternative for this endeavour. Many drivers, bicyclists and even pedestrians have consumer-grade GPS (low precision) on their smartphones or electronic devices. Those users could transfer their road or track itineraries to a large database in order to compute the accurate geometry of any route. For each road or track, the large database would have many traces from which to infer an accurate representative 3D axis. Several inference methods have been proposed but most of them to fit the 2D trace data set. We propose to create a set of ordered points from the 3D trace data set and then using the least-squares method, to fit a B-spline curve to those points. The resulting parameterized curve will be a good representative 3D axis of the traces. Our method considers the nodes to be evenly separated and allows the system to recommend the number limit of nodes necessary to reach the convergence. 相似文献
19.
为探讨变权组合预测模型在沉降预测中的应用,以某大楼实测等时距沉降观测数据为研究对象,根据实测建筑物沉降数据所呈现的规律性,选取Logistic和Gompertz曲线模型对实测沉降数据进行了拟合;求取曲线模型的参数后,建立预测模型并进行预测。在此基础上,利用最小二乘法原理建立变权组合预测模型。根据各模型的预测结果及其计算出的模型精度显示,变权组合预测模型的拟合精度比Logistic和Gompertz曲线的拟合精度高,更适合于作为建筑物的沉降预测模型。 相似文献
20.
Qingmin Meng Ross K. Meentemeyer 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Most of fire severity studies use field measures of composite burn index (CBI) to represent forest fire severity and fit the relationships between CBI and Landsat imagery derived differenced normalized burn ratio (dNBR) to predict and map fire severity at unsampled locations. However, less attention has been paid on the multi-strata forest fire severity, which represents fire activities and ecological responses at different forest layers. In this study, using field measured fire severity across five forest strata of dominant tree, intermediate-sized tree, shrub, herb, substrate layers, and the aggregated measure of CBI as response variables, we fit statistical models with predictors of Landsat TM bands, Landsat derived NBR or dNBR, image differencing, and image ratioing data. We model multi-strata forest fire in the historical recorded largest wildfire in California, the Big Sur Basin Complex fire. We explore the potential contributions of the post-fire Landsat bands, image differencing, image ratioing to fire severity modeling and compare with the widely used NBR and dNBR. Models using combinations of post-fire Landsat bands perform much better than NBR, dNBR, image differencing, and image ratioing. We predict and map multi-strata forest fire severity across the whole Big Sur fire areas, and find that the overall measure CBI is not optimal to represent multi-strata forest fire severity. 相似文献