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1.
台湾岛附近海洋对0908号台风“莫拉克”的响应特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在模拟2009年登陆我国东部沿海的台风"莫拉克"的基础上,利用AVHRR/AMSR和SODA再分析数据和模拟结果,初步评估了GRAPES-ECOM海-气耦合模式(上海台风研究所基于GRAPES-TCM区域台风模式和ECOM海洋模式开发而成)模拟台风期间海洋响应的能力,并分析了台风期间台湾岛周围海域的海温、上升流、中尺度冷涡等的变化特点。分析结果表明,GRAPES-ECOM耦合模式较好地模拟了表层海温对台风的响应,与深水海洋响应比较,揭示了近海对台风响应的一些新特征:(1)在台湾以东海域,台风活动改变了黑潮海域海水的垂直运动,诱导黑潮南部沿岸上升流,而北部先于台风存在的上升流减弱,导致不同水深海温的最大降温位置都出现在路径左侧,与深海偏向路径右侧不同;(2)位于台湾岛东北面的彭佳屿冷涡因其形成与大陆架和黑潮有关,当台风在台湾以东洋面活动时,冷涡位于台风右前方,黑潮表层海水辐合流向大陆架,冷涡中心温度上升,强度减弱,当台风转折北上,冷涡位于台风东南侧,表层海水辐散,加强底层冷水上涌,从而增强了该冷涡的强度;(3)台风不仅加深了台湾海峡的混合层深度,还使得海水的垂直热力结构改变,并使整层海温趋于一致。 相似文献
2.
本文介绍了我们改装的一台浅海海洋质子磁力仪,它不仅能用于深水海区,而且可以用于浅水的近岸浅海区的海洋磁力测量。对于近岸浅水工程,石油开发和地质等提供了有利的手段。 相似文献
3.
Wave-tide-surge coupled simulation for typhoon Maemi 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The main task of this study focuses on studying the effect of wave-current interaction on currents, storm surge and wind wave as well as effects of current induced wave refraction and current on waves by using numerical models which consider the bottom boundary layer and sea surface roughness parameter for shallow and smooth bed area around Korean Peninsula. The coupled system (unstructured-mesh SWAN wave and ADCIRC) run on the same unstructured mesh. This identical and homogeneous mesh allows the physics of wave-circulation interactions to be correctly resolved in both models. The unstructured mesh can be applied to a large domain allowing all energy from deep to shallow waters to be seamlessly followed. There is no nesting or overlapping of structured wave meshes, and no interpolation is required. In response to typhoon Maemi (2003), all model components were validated independently, and shown to provide a faithful representation of the system’s response to this storm. The waves and storm surge were allowed to develop on the continental shelf and interact with the complex nearshore environment. The resulting modeling system can be used extensively for prediction of the typhoon surge. The result show that it is important to incorporate the wave-current interaction effect into coastal area in the wave-tide-surge coupled model. At the same time, it should consider effects of depth-induced wave breaking, wind field, currents and sea surface elevation in prediction of waves. Specially, we found that: (1) wave radiation stress enhanced the current and surge elevation otherwise wave enhanced nonlinear bottom boundary layer decreased that, (2) wind wave was significantly controlled by sea surface roughness thus we cautiously took the experimental expression. The resulting modeling system can be used for hindcasting (prediction) the wave-tide-surge coupled environments at complex coastline, shallow water and fine sediment area like areas around Korean Peninsula. 相似文献
4.
由于车由岛周海域水比较浅，上下层混合得比较充分，营养盐的垂直分布较均匀，但在水平方向上差别较大。各种营养盐受生物活动、降雨和陆地经流的影响，有明显的季节变化。活性磷、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的浓度在冬季最高，春季最低；氨氮和活性硅的浓度则相反，夏季最高，秋季最低。 相似文献
5.
本文介绍了浅海海洋质子磁力仪在胶州湾中的试验结果,解决了浅海海洋质子磁力仪在实验室中未能解决的几个问题,已成功地应用于整个胶州湾的浅海海洋磁场测量中,首次获得了近岸浅海湾的完整海洋磁场资料。 相似文献
6.
Physical oceanographic data were collected during September 1975 at stations in the shallow water (max. depth 45 m) embayments of Salonica Bay and Thermaicos Gulf, and comparisons are made with data collected during other seasons. The distribution of temperature and salinity in the water column indicated the following features: fresh surface water predominantly related to river discharge; an intermediate water mass, apparently formed by mixing between the fresh and open sea waters; a thermocline, and deep bottom water open sea characteristics. The summer distribution of density in the surface and bottom waters, and the seasonal variation in the pattern of surface salinity, suggested an anti-clockwise water circulation throughout the embayments. 相似文献
7.
A. S. Kazmin 《Oceanology》2016,56(3):336-341
High-resolution satellite sea surface temperature (SST) measurements (PATHFINDER dataset) have been used to confirm an existence of persistent thermal frontal zones in the Black Sea. Fronts have been revealed in the winter season between the intensively cooling shallow northwestern area and warmer waters of central part, and in spring-summer season between the actively warming waters of the southeastern part and cooler central area. Interannual and quasi-decadal variability of the northwestern front have been documented, as well as a high negative correlation of its intensity with the winter-mean SST. 相似文献
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作者利用浅地层剖面资料研究了天津近海海域存在的主要海底地质灾害。研究发现:浅层气、埋藏三角洲前缘、水下潮流沙脊、陡坎、沙波等地质灾害发育。浅层气主要分布在研究区北部海域的近岸附近,南部海域远离海岸浅层气逐渐增多;埋藏三角洲前缘分布区北至涧河口,南至南港工业区东部海域;水下沙脊分布于北部海域5 m~7 m水深的近岸带,地层内部前积斜层理发育;沙波区延伸长度约3 km,整体上在天津海域分布较少;海底表层陡坎出现在天津港及以南海域,其成因主要是航道两侧边缘陡坎或因吹填而抽走的泥沙造成的,近岸及远海地区均有分布。 相似文献
10.
The waters in the shallow part of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are affected greatly by climatic and geographical conditions and fail to possess homogeneity and conservativeness like oceanic waters. They have apparent difference in modified degrees, so we may regard a certain range of mixed water as a relatively independent one. In fact, the study of water masses in the shallow sea means a modified analysis of waters. The idea of modified water masses is introduced, i. e., a water body which holds the similar physical and chemical characters, occupies a certain space, and varies seasonally and regularly. On the T-S diagram, it displays as a certain amount of points aggregated together, the centre of which changes regularly and may have a process of combination and separation.According to the clustering method, there are eight modified water masses in this area. They may also be divided into three salinity types. On the T-S diagram, the points concerning temperature and salinity of different modified 相似文献
11.
东北季风期台湾海峡的逆温现象 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用2006-2008年3个航次水文资料,结合日本海洋数据中心(JODC)的历史温度数据分析了东北季风期台湾海峡的逆温现象。结果显示,除台湾浅滩及海峡西岸浅水区外,几乎整个台湾海峡皆有逆温现象。逆温幅度和发生频率在海峡西部较高,海峡东部及粤东近海较低。逆温层上界深度春季较秋、冬季深,逆温频发区(发生频率大于60%)随着季节南北向移动,秋季频发区的最南端位于厦门近海,冬季扩展至台湾浅滩北部,春季回退至平潭近海。分析表明,浙闽沿岸水随季节南北向伸缩导致了逆温频发区的同步移动。除了季节变化外,逆温现象在2006年和2007年冬季有显著差异,2006年逆温仅出现在海峡西部近岸海域,2007年扩展至海峡东部且向南伸至粤东近岸,浙闽沿岸水的横向伸缩是造成此差异的主因。 相似文献
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Yutaka Nagata 《Journal of Oceanography》1979,35(3-4):141-150
The statistical properties of shallow temperature inversions in the Pacific Ocean near Japan were investigated using data obtained from. BT observations. In the sea east of Honshu, the Kuroshio front forms the southern boundary of the area where temperature inversions are abundant. Though the occurrence frequency of the temperature inversion layers is very low in the sea south of Honshu, the path of the Kuroshio influences its regional distribution in this region also, and the high occurrence area shifts offshore when the large cold water mass is present off Enshu-nada. The magnitude of the inversion temperature differences in the sea south of Honshu is considerably smaller than that in the sea east of Honshu. The magnitude of inversion thickness has a clear tendency to increase from south to north in the sea east of Honshu, reflecting the higher occurrence frequency of large-scale thick inversion layers in the northern part under the influence of the sub-arctic water mass. The frequency distribution of the inversion thickness in each sub-region (1° square area) in the sea south of Honshu is very similar to that in the region just south of the Kuroshio front in the sea east of Honshu, suggesting that the inversion layers may be generated by similar mechanisms in the sea south of the Kuroshio front. 相似文献
14.
The relationship between the spring bloom along the Primorye coast and the sea ice of the Tatarskiy Strait in the northern region of the East/Japan Sea, a semi-enclosed marginal sea in the North Pacific, was investigated using the ten-year SeaWiFS chlorophyll-a concentration data and DMSP/SSMI sea ice concentration data from 1998 to 2007. Year-to-year variations in the chlorophyll-a concentrations in the spring were positively correlated with those of the sea ice concentrations in the Tatarskiy Strait in the previous winter with a correlation coefficient of 0.77. Abrupt increases in nutrients, essential for the spring bloom in the upper ocean during spring, were supplied from sea ice-melted waters. Time series of vertical distributions of the nutrients indicated that phosphate concentrations were extremely elevated in the upper ocean (less than 100 m) without any connection to high concentrations in the deep waters below. The water mass from sea ice provided preferable conditions for the spring bloom through changes in the vertical stratification structure of the water columns. Along-coast ratios of stability parameters between two neighboring months clearly showed the rapid progression of the generation of a shallow pycnocline due to fresh water originating from sea ice. This study addressed the importance of the physical environment for biogeochemical processes in semi-enclosed marginal seas affected by local sea ice. 相似文献
15.
作者用聚类分析法划分浅海水团,目的在于克服大洋水团分析法进行分析所遇到的一些困难,它在根据不同海区特点确定临界值与检验值时有较大的灵活性。本文讨论了浅海变性水团与中心渔场的关系。结果表明,东海底层冷水、东海表层水和大陆沿岸水对渔业生产有重要影响。 相似文献
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Stephan Steinke Till J.J. Hanebuth Christoph Vogt Karl Stattegger 《Marine Geology》2008,250(3-4):199-210
Variations in clay mineral composition of sediment cores from the margin and continental slope of the Sunda Shelf (southern South China Sea, SE Asia) covering the past 17,000 yr reflect changing influences of sediment sources together with clay mineral partitioning processes in shallow waters. We identify the deglacial sea level rise as the principal factor driving these changes. During the late glacial, high values of kaolinite are interpreted to reflect a higher contribution of clays from soils that have formed on the exposed Sunda Shelf and in the southern archipelagos of Indonesia. At this time core sites were located in close proximity to the mouths of the Sunda Shelf palaeo-drainage systems on the emerged shelf (“Sundaland”). The progressive landward displacement of the coastline and breakdown of these vast drainage systems during deglaciation led to a decrease in influence of the kaolinite-rich southern sources. When the coastline had retreated closely to its present-day position in mid-Holocene times, the former dominance of southern sources was replaced by a stronger influence of illite-rich sources (e.g. Borneo). The overriding control of sea level changes on the clay mineral distribution patterns precludes a definite climatic interpretation of clay mineral data in terms of climatic/monsoonal changes in such highly dynamic sedimentary environment. 相似文献
18.
山东半岛南部近岸全新世泥质区表层沉积物 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
泥质区沉积记录是全新世海洋环境演变的重要信息载体。中国近海沿岸发育着若干小型泥质沉积体,比较明确的有南海西部近海的泥质区,但尚未进行研究。通过对山东半岛南部近岸海域采集的浅地层剖面资料精细解释后发现,在该区近岸海域存在一个小型泥质沉积区,主要分布在青岛崂山头以北至乳山口附近的近岸海域,整体上平行海岸线呈条带状分布,由近岸向海逐渐变薄,等厚深度分布平行于岸线,沉积中心位于鳌山湾海域,沉积中心最厚可达22.5 m。AMS14C测年结果表明,该泥质区形成于全新世。本文利用在泥质区采集的表层沉积物的粒度、黏土矿物、碎屑矿物、地球化学元素等分析测试结果,对比研究区周边主要入海中小河流物质成分和黄河物质成分,探讨了山东半岛南部近岸海域泥质沉积区的沉积特征和物源情况。结果表明,该泥质区的形成是黄河与周边入海河流共同作用的结果。 相似文献
19.
Yoshinobu Wakata 《Journal of Oceanography》2009,65(2):281-286
The phase of the sea surface height annual variation in the East China Sea along China’s continental coast is delayed from
that in the open ocean area, most probably because of seasonal strong monsoon winds. To elucidate this mechanism, we conducted
an idealized model experiment using a rectangular shallow ocean with a sloped seafloor forced by southward blowing winds.
We obtain a locally confined high SSH near the western boundary found in the East China Sea. The delay of the phase of the
sea surface height (SSH) along the China coast can be interpreted as follows. The SSH of the East China Sea is high over large
areas in September and low in March due to the expansion/contraction of seawater, which is attributable to the sea surface
heat flux. However, near the continental boundary SSH becomes high in January and low in July under the influence of a monsoon
winds. The phase delay along the continental boundary should appear by superposing these two time series with a phase difference
near the boundary. 相似文献
20.
厦门海域贝类养殖环境中的大肠菌群和异养细菌 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年和2006年春季(4月)和秋季(10月)研究了厦门海域贝类养殖环境(海水、底质)和养殖贝类中大肠菌群(TC)和异养细菌(HB)数量分布及其在不同介质中数量之间的相关性,并对贝类养殖环境卫生质量进行了评价。结果表明:潮间带贝类养殖区TC数量较高,虾池和浅海贝类养殖区的较低;虾池贝类养殖区HB数量较高,潮间带和浅海贝类养殖区的较低。总体上,厦门海域贝类养殖环境中TC和HB数量分布呈同安湾湾内和西海域高,同安湾湾口和大嶝海域低的格局。大多数站位海水中TC和HB数量春季稍高于秋季,养殖贝类体中TC和HB数量秋季高于春季,底质中HB数量春、秋季无明显差异,TC数量则秋季稍高于春季。浅海和虾池贝类养殖区海水与贝类、底质与贝类中TC和HB的数量之间均成显著正相关。贝类养殖区底质中HB和TC数量,软泥>粉砂质软泥>粉砂,贝类体内器官组织中HB和TC数量,僧帽牡蛎:外套膜>外套腔液>内脏团;缢蛏和菲律宾蛤仔:外套腔液>外套膜>内脏团。厦门海域贝类养殖环境受到TC和HB不同程度的污染,潮间带贝类养殖区和虾池贝类养殖区分别受到TC和HB的较重污染。 相似文献