共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Godi Fischer Sangmok Lee Michael Obara Prasan Kasturi H. Thomas Rossby Conrad W. Recksiek 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2006,31(4):975-985
This paper presents the design of an ultralow-power acoustical receiver circuit intended to track small aquatic animals. The receiver forms a crucial component of a versatile data logger capable of sensing and storing a variety of biologically important data such as geographic position, ambient temperature, pressure, etc. The size of the final tag will be determined by the size of the cylindrical hydrophone, which will serve as housing for all electronic components, the external sensors, the timing crystal, and the battery. The receiver circuit was prototyped on a 0.5-mum complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip. Extensive lab tests proved all system component functional. The fully operational receiver consumes 21 muW at 3 V. Results from a preliminary field test, conducted with a source generating a sound pressure level of 180 dB re 1 muPa, predict a tracking range of 100-120 km 相似文献
2.
Antonello Sala Francesco De Carlo Gabriele Buglioni Alessandro Lucchetti 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(5-6):804-809
A new fuel consumption monitoring system was set up for research purpose in order to evaluate the energy performance of fishing vessels under different operating conditions. The system has been tested on two semi-pelagic pair trawlers in the Adriatic Sea with an engine power of around 900 kW, and with length overall of around 30 m. Both vessels work with a gear of similar design and size, the differences between the two vessels are in the propeller design and the hull material: the first with a controllable pitch propeller (CPP) and a metal hull, the second with a fixed pitch propeller (FPP) and a wooden hull. The fuel monitoring system conceived at CNR-ISMAR Ancona (Italy) consists of two mass flow sensors, one multichannel recorder and one GPS data logger. The working time duration, the vessel speed, the total fuel consumption and the instant fuel rate were logged by the system. A typical commercial round trip for a semi-pelagic trawler consists of several fishing operations (steaming, trawling sailing, etc.). Fuel consumption rate and vessel speed data were used to identify energy performance under different vessel-operating conditions. The highest fuel demands were during the trawling (130 l/h at 4.4 kn) and the steaming (100–130 l/h at 11 kn) phases. Fuel savings of up to 15% could be obtained by reducing the navigation speed of half a knot. 相似文献
3.
Integration of Real-Time Chemical Sensors for Deep Sea Research 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
There is a great demand for in-situ real-time chemical sensors in the oceanographic research, to measure the chemical components under the deep sea. The ISE (Ion Selective Electrode) is commonly used as a detecting part of deep-sea electro-chemical sensors. The paper highlights the solidification and micromation of the working and reference electrodes. The sensors of pH and H2S with a thermal probe are accomphshed after the solution of configuration of electrodes and signal processing. The sensor system has been tested successfully in the cruise of DY105-12, 14 sponsored by China Ocean Mineral Research and Exploitation Association(COMRA). 相似文献
4.
An instrumented platform for investigating the processes governing sediment resuspension and transport near the seabed is described. Water velocities at five positions, suspended-sediment concentration profiles, surface wave activity, and other parameters are measured. The data logger is extremely flexible. There is no fundamental limit to the number or type of sensors that can be fitted. Regular and adaptive sampling are supported to make best use of its 12 Mb of solid-state data storage. Each individual sensor has its sampling rate specified at up to 10 Hz. The platform is designed to minimize flow interference in the vicinity of the current meters. Its orientation is monitored during deployment so that it can be aligned optimally 相似文献
5.
A novel data logger has been designed and tested for logging data from a satellite navigator, magnetometer, and a deep-sea echosounder. The logger exploits the interrupt structure of an in-house 8085 single-board computer (SBC) to service requests from the satellite navigator and real-time clock chip. The real-time clock interrupt forces the 8085 central processing unit (CPU) to fetch data from the magnetometer and echosounder at a user-selected interval. At present, up to four days of data can be stored on a single DC-100 tape cartridge. All recorded data are displayed on a dumb CRT terminal. The data-logging software is written in PLM/85-a higher level language for the 8085 microprocessor. 相似文献
6.
Reliable analysis of stability and safety level in a flooding emergency onboard a damaged passenger ship is extremely important for making correct decisions on evacuation and abandonment. Thus there is demand for an automated system that detects flooding and analyzes the severity of the situation. This procedure requires estimation of the actual breach in the hull, and calculation of possible progressive flooding to undamaged compartments. A new approach to the breach assessment, based on measurement data from the flood level sensors, is presented. The developed method is complemented by time-domain flooding simulations in order to separate progressive flooding from direct inflow through the breaches in the hull of the damaged ship. The developed approach is tested and demonstrated with a large passenger ship design for various damage scenarios. The results show that the size and location of the breach can be evaluated with reasonable accuracy on the basis of the level sensor data, provided that there are enough well-placed, working level sensors. 相似文献
7.
The Bremen ocean bottom tiltmeter is a new 6000 m-depth deep sea instrument for autonomous observation of sea floor tilt with
signal periods longer than 7.5 s. The instrument also records vertical acceleration in the frequency range from DC to 1 Hz.
The tiltmeter has an Applied Geomechanics Inc. 756 wide angle biaxial bubble tilt sensor with a resolution of 1.0μ rad (0.2
arc second). A Kistler Corp. MEMS accelerometer of type Servo K-Beam 8330A2.5 with about 10−5m/s2 resolution is used for the acceleration measurements. An Oceanographic Embedded Systems AD24 24 bit Sigma-Delta converter,
which is controlled by a low-power Persistor Inc. embedded computer system of type CF 2, samples the data. The duration of
tiltmeter operation is more than one year, which is controlled by the battery life. In our design the tiltmeter does not need
active leveling devices, i.e., servo motors or other moving components to adjust sensors or frame. We designed the instrument
for deployments by means of a remote operated vehicle. Since May 2005 the Bremen ocean bottom tiltmeter has recorded sea floor
deformation and seismicity level in the Logatchev hydrothermal vent field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The tiltmeter is a part of
the monitoring system of project ‘Logatchev Long-Term Environmental Monitoring,’ called LOLEM, of the German research program
with the name ‘Schwerpunktprogramm 1144: Vom Mantel zum Ozean.’ 相似文献
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9.
为验证研制的国产气象水文传感器的性能,设计了直径3 m的圆盘式小型浮标,拟搭载所有传感器在2000 m以深海域开展应用试验。统计了试验海域的有义波高、波浪周期、最大风速和表层流速等环境参数,计算了浮标的质量、重心、吃水、受力投影面积和惯性矩等设计参数。以三维势流理论和波浪辐射-绕射理论为基础,使用AQWA软件在频域内对浮标进行水动力计算,仿真了浮标工作时所受的一阶波浪力、附加质量、附加阻尼和运动幅值响应因子,通过仿真结果对浮标设计方案进行优化,优化后的浮标计算结果随波浪频率变化平缓,幅值合理且无激增点,表明该浮标与工作海域内的波浪没有发生明显谐振,对环境载荷有足够的承受能力,方案可用于浮标研制。 相似文献
10.
海洋化学传感器研制的动态评述 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
化学海洋学研究数据的获得要方便、经济、高效的分析测试手段,化学传感器则是海洋调查和监测ＤＯ、ｐＨ、ＣＯ２、ＮＨ３－Ｎ和Ｓ（－ＩＩ）等的理想手段和工具。本文评述了６０年代末以来用于天然水体中ＣＯ２、ＮＨ３－Ｎ和Ｓ（－ＩＩ）检测的化学传感器的研制情况,进一步讨论了海洋化学传感器研制所需解决的问题和发展方面,并分析了海洋化学传感器研制进展缓慢的原因。 相似文献
11.
以低功耗、多参数、安全可靠为设计目标,提出一种基于北斗卫星通信的海洋多要素观测系统设计。设计以嵌入式微控制器STM32F103RET6为核心,实现以漂流浮标为载体的海洋环境噪声测量,同时实现对海洋气温、气压、风速、风向及表层海温的多要素观测;以可充电锂电池组和太阳能电池板组合方式供电,同时进行必要的电源管理,有效提高漂流浮标的工作寿命;采用我国自主知识产权的北斗系统进行定位及双向通信,安全性高。实验表明,基于北斗通信的海洋多要素观测系统设计具有可行性,满足低功耗、多参数、安全可靠的设计要求,为以表面漂流浮标为载体的海洋多要素数据采集控制提供新的硬件设计方法。 相似文献
12.
An obvious motivation of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of the lateral vibration control of a jacket type offshore platform with an AMD control device, in conjunction with H2 control algorithm, which is an optimal frequency domain control method based on minimization of H2 norm of the system transfer function. In this study, the offshore platform is modeled numerically by use of the finite element method, instead of a lumped mass model. This structural model is later simplified to be single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system by extracting the first vibration mode of the structure. The corresponding "generalized" wave force is determined based on an analytical approximation of the first mode shape function, the physical wave loading being calculated from the linearized Morison equation. This approach facilitates the filter design for the generalized force. Furthermore, the present paper also intends to make numerical comparison between H2 active control and the corresponding passive control using a T 相似文献
13.
热液喷口附近的羽状流中存在明显的化学及浊度异常,通过探测这些异常可判断是否存在热液喷口及确定喷口的具体位置。本文研制了一款可用于探测热液喷口的多通道化学传感器,该传感器具有体积小、精度高的特点,且可在4000米深海中进行工作。该化学传感器共配备五个全固态电极,一个为参比电极,其余四个为离子选择性电极,并且可根据所测量的化学离子进行更换。本文基于该化学传感器共进行了两组实验。在第一组浅海试验中,化学传感器集成了pH,Eh,CO32-和SO42-电极,在浅海海域中测量对应化学量,结果表明该化学传感器可在实际应用中获得高精度、稳定的测量数据。第二组实验为深海热液探测,装配了pH,Eh,CO32-和H2S电极的化学传感器在西南印度洋中脊区域的29次测线中投入使用,共获得有效数据27组。通过对测量所得到的化学量进行分析,本文提出了一种确定热液喷口的化学异常探测方法,若某时间段内Eh和H2S的电势降低,而pH和CO32-的电势上升则可判定存在化学异常。利用该方法对27组有效数据进行分析,共发现5个潜在的热液喷口。实验结果表明,该化学传感器可有效地探测由热液引起的化学异常,适用于实际热液探测中。 相似文献
14.
作为一种高技术监测手段,海洋浮标可实现现场自动监测而不受恶劣海况的影响,近年来得到了广泛的重视和快速发展。文中介绍了浙江近岸海域海洋水质监测浮标的结构设计和自动监测实现。浮标设计为生态浮标、海滨浮标和专项浮标3种类型,由浮体、标架、供电设备、防护设备、锚系、传感器、数据采集传输、电子/电池舱、岸站接收系统等9个部分组成。浮体设计为圆饼形,浮体下方正中安装稳定锤以保证具备足够的稳定性。供电设备由太阳能电池板、大容量蓄电池组成,可保障海上30 d连续阴雨天气、恶劣海况下的不间断供电。浮标经喷防污漆、牺牲阳极保护、裹铜皮、加过滤网和人工清除等5种方法防腐、防污处理后投放入海,采用常规维护、应急维护和年度维护等3种方式保障浮标系统运行稳定。投放后可实现对标浮所在海域水质、气象、生态等参数的连续、实时、自动监测。最后对浮体直径设计和浮标投放点选址提出了建议和要求。该设计可为其它类似区域的水质监控提供良好的参考。 相似文献
15.
基于GNSS浮标和验潮资料的HY-2A卫星高度计绝对定标 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探测我国HY-2A卫星高度计海面高测量绝对偏差及其在轨运行状态,本文利用GNSS浮标星下点同步测量和验潮资料海面高传递方法在山东千里岩和珠海担杆岛海域开展定标研究。为验证GNSS浮标定标方法的准确性,还对国外卫星Jason-2和Saral进行了定标实验。实验表明GNSS浮标绝对海面高测量精度达2 cm,对Jason-2和Saral高度计多个周期定标得到的海面高偏差均值分别为5.7 cm和-2.3 cm,与国际专门定标场的结果符合较好。2014年9月和2015年5月HY-2A卫星高度计浮标定标结果分别是-65 cm和-91 cm,因两次结果差异显著,故又利用千里岩验潮站资料对HY-2A卫星高度计第56至73周期进行了定标分析,结果证明HY-2A卫星海面高存在约-51 cm/a的漂移,置信度为95%的回归分析表明浮标和验潮定标结果符合。本文研究结果表明在我国尚无专门定标场的情况下,可利用GNSS浮标对我国高度计实施灵活、精准的在轨绝对定标,在有高度计轨迹经过验潮站的情况下可使用验潮资料结合精密大地水准面模型进行绝对定标。 相似文献
16.
The Hawaii-2 Observatory 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Petitt R.A. Jr. Harris D.W. Wooding B. Bailey J. Jolly J. Hobart E. Chave A.D. Duennebier F. Butler R. Bowen A. Yoerger D. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2002,27(2):245-253
A permanent deep ocean scientific research facility-the Hawaii-2 Observatory (H2O)-was installed on the retired HAW-2 commercial submarine telephone cable in September 1998. H2O consists of a seafloor submarine cable termination and junction box in 5000 m of water located halfway between Hawaii and California. The H2O infrastructure was installed from a large research vessel using the Jason ROV and standard over-the-side gear. The junction box provides two-way digital communication at variable data rates of up to 80 kbit/s using the RS-422 protocol and a total of 400 W of power for both junction box systems and user equipment. Instruments may be connected by an ROV to the junction box at 8 wet-mateable connectors. The H2O junction box is a "smart" design, which incorporates redundancy to protect against failure and allows full control of instrument functionality from shore. Initial instrumentation at the H2O site includes broad-band seismometer and hydrophone packages 相似文献
17.
基于串行通信的传感器自动识别与通用型浮标数据采集系统设计 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
海洋资料浮标以其多种功能和连续探测能力成为现代海洋观测的重要工具。海洋浮标传感器种类多、通信协议差异性大,为浮标数据采集系统提出了集成应用需求多样、平均开发周期长的问题。本实验设计并实现了基于串行通信波特率特征判别传感器的通用型海洋浮标数据采集系统。系统基于串行通信接口,通过对波特率的自动识别,对多种不同海洋参数传感器的通信特点进行比对分析,从而将传感器进行分类识别,实现外载传感器的自动识别功能;通过IAP设计,实现系统的拓展。最后,通过实验室的原型试验进行技术路线可行性验证。结果表明,系统能够在数秒内快速无误识别信息库中传感器,可以通过分包方式满足远程更新需求。 相似文献
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19.
A Variable Buoyancy Control System for a Large AUV 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A large autonomous undersea vehicle (AUV), the Seahorse, has been designed, constructed, and tested by the Applied Research Laboratory at Pennsylvania State University (ARL/PSU, University Park, PA) for the U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO, Stennis Space Center, MS). The vehicle is required to launch in shallow water (<10 m) and to hover without propulsion. Additionally, due to the very large size of the vehicle, low operating speeds and very long missions, small changes in vehicle trim resulting from battery replacement, sensor exchanges, and water temperature variations can result in significant drag-induced energy penalties over the duration of a mission. It is, therefore, important to continually maintain the AUV in fore-aft trim over the course of the mission. The vehicle is equipped with a two tank variable buoyancy system (VBS) to meet these requirements. The resulting control problem is one where the control variable, pump rate, is proportional to the third derivative of the sensed variable, depth; there are significant delays, and forces are nonlinear (including discontinuous) and highly uncertain. This paper describes the design of the VBS and the control software operating in two modes: depth control mode and trim control mode. In-water test data and simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the VBS controller. The benefits of the presented approach lie in the intuitiveness and simplicity of the design and the robustness as evidenced by the performance in both fresh and salt water. This paper provides practical insight into the operation of a VBS with an AUV and discusses actual operational experience. To our knowledge, no previous work considers the significance of an observed surface capture phenomenon to the design of a VBS control system, especially in very shallow water. 相似文献
20.
Kawaguchi K. Hirata K. Nishida T. Obana S. Mikada H. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2002,27(2):182-192
Although submarine cable in-line seafloor observation systems are very effective tools for real-time/long-term geo-scientific measurements,, there are technological difficulties for deploying as many sensors as on land. To solve this problem, JAM-STEC developed an expandable and replaceable satellite measurement station called the adaptable observation system (AOS). The AOS is a battery operated mobile observatory connected to the backbone cable system by a 10 km long thin fiber cable to ensure real-time data recovery. The system consists of a branching system, a junction box, a fiber cable, and a battery system for a six-month operation. Installation and construction of the AOS will be conducted by a towed vehicle and an ROV. A thin fiber cable-laying system was developed and tested for practical operation. This observation system provides a chance to extend existing seafloor networks from an in-line area to a wider area 相似文献