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1.
Wang Jian Zhang Zhigang Xu Xiaobin Kong Ping Bai Shibiao Zhang Maoheng Liang Zhong 《第四纪研究》2012,32(3)
通常认为青藏高原东南部第四纪曾发育过一个冰帽——稻城冰帽,然而关于这个冰帽发育的年代和变化的过程,还缺乏足够的年代数据的支撑.本文选自稻城第四纪古冰帽南缘雄古附近的冰碛垄、冰碛台地、羊背石和冰川漂砾进行了宇生核素10Be和26Al暴露年代测定.结果显示,稻城古冰帽南缘至少发生过5次冰川前进事件,每次冰川前进到达最大规模的时间分别为19.0±0.7 ～ 19.8±0.7kaB.P.,25.8±0.6～27.4±0.7kaB.P.,52.5±0.9～59.6±1.1kaB.P.,162.2±2.7 ～287.4±9.9kaB.P.和大于480.2±2.2kaB.P..根据年龄数据以及空间位置关系的分析,稻城古冰帽很可能形成于约800～ 600kaB.P.之间,此后冰川的规模呈现出随着时间不断缩小的趋势,可能与该区气候的变干有关.MIS 3的冰川规模比MIS 2大,可能与MIS 3时期气候比MIS 2相对湿润有关. 相似文献
2.
青藏高原及毗邻山地利用冰川地貌重建古气候的研究综述 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
利用冰川地貌定量重建冰期时的古气候特征是探讨冰川驱动机制的关键。利用冰川地貌反演古气候的模型主要有两类：基于物质平衡线高度变化和基于估算古冰川表面物质平衡的气候重建模型,因其原理、所需数据量的不同,适用性存在着差异,应用时需根据冰川区的具体特征选取多种模型重建古气候,提高模拟的精度。青藏高原及毗邻山地已有的基于古冰川的气候重建数据显示：MIS 6以来冰川变化为气温变化驱动,冰川规模还受降水量增多的影响;MIS 3中期冰川的规模较之末次冰盛期（Last Glacial Maximum,LGM）更大,主要是该较冷的亚阶段降水比LGM时期更为丰沛所致。 相似文献
3.
位于青藏高原东南部的稻城古冰帽,在第四纪时期曾发生了多次冰期并保存了丰富的古冰川遗迹,是研究第四纪冰川地貌类型特征的理想区域。目前,已有学者对冰川地貌类型划分和冰川地貌制图做了相关研究,但是古冰川地貌在空间分布特征及其量化程度有待于进一步细化。因此,本文基于Google Earth Pro遥感影像和数字高程模型(DEM),运用目视解译和野外考察相结合的方法对典型冰川地貌进行定量分析并绘制了稻城古冰帽(约3 600 km2)的第四纪冰川地貌图。本文识别了该区冰川地貌中的冰川湖、冰川谷、羊背岩和冰碛垄等四种类型,初步统计了约1 096个冰川湖、370条冰川谷、41个羊背岩及1 268列冰碛垄;空间分布上,冰川湖和羊背岩主要分布在海子山夷平面上,冰川谷以古冰帽边缘区发育为主,冰碛垄则主要形成于海子山夷平面上和东、西两侧的山谷里。本研究可为第四纪冰期规模估算、古气候重建提供基础数据,也为当地的旅游规划和自然资源调查提供一定的参考。 相似文献
4.
滇西北山地末次冰期冰川发育及其基本特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对滇西北海拔4 000~4 500 m 山地的第四纪冰川发育和平衡线高度进行了研究. 结果表明: 古冰川发育主要依托海拔4 000~4 300 m的夷平面,早中期发育小型的冰帽以及流入四周谷地的山谷冰川,晚期主要发育规模较小的冰斗冰川. 冰川主要发育期为末次冰期,古冰川平衡线、山体最高峰以及夷平面的高度显示,冰川发育所依托的夷平面在末次冰期时超过古平衡线,二者差值为50~400 m,为冰川发生提供了良好的地形与地势条件. 冰川规模演化表明,滇西北地区多处山地MIS 3中期的冰川规模大于末次冰盛期（LGM）,可能与MIS 3中期较强南亚季风带来较丰富的降水有关. 古气候研究资料以及研究区的冰期系列表明,滇西北海拔4 000~4 500 m山地末次冰期的冰川作用是构造和气候相耦合的结果. 相似文献
5.
川西高原为横断山脉的一部分,平均海拔4000米以上.高原面上出露岩层主要为三叠系砂岩、板岩和中生代花岗岩.在该地区,第四纪有三次冰川作用.冰期时,冰帽(如稻城冰帽)、冰帽一山谷冰川(如甘孜冰帽—山谷冰川区)、大型山谷冰川及山麓冰川(如 相似文献
6.
札达盆地及周缘高山区的第四纪冰川堆积在空间分布上大致可分为:①盆地周缘高山区U形谷中及山麓地带的冰川堆积;②盆地周边深切峡谷区的冰川堆积;③盆地面上的冰川堆积;④盆地河谷高阶地与沟谷中的冰川堆积;⑤盆地周缘高山区山前地带的冰川堆积等。不同区域分布的冰川堆积,在砾石成分、磨圆度、结构构造、地貌特征等都有较明显区别。依据冰川堆积物的特征、分布等,可将本区第四纪的冰川发展,由老到新划分为:冰缘阶段→冰进阶段→最大冰川阶段→冰退阶段。对应的冰川类型为:山谷、山麓及冰帽冰川发育阶段→大规模冰帽冰川发育阶段→冰帽、山谷及山麓冰川发育阶段。现有资料研究表明,札达盆地及周缘高山区,是青藏高原第四纪冰川堆积发现最多、最全、分布最连续和保存最好的地区。为该区及青藏高原地区的第四纪冰川研究、冰期的划分和对比、气候地层的建立、古气候和古环境的研究等提供了珍贵的基础资料。 相似文献
7.
冰川事件是气候波动最直接的地质证据,利用冰川作用过程中形成的冰碛物的年代数据建立冰川事件的时间顺序,是反演冰川演化历史以及区域古气候和古环境的有效途径。然而,由于冰川沉积环境的复杂性,很大程度限制了冰川年代数据的获取。近年来,随着光释光测年技术的不断完善,其应用范围已经扩展到冰川沉积物的年代测定。本文利用光释光(OSL)测年技术对青藏高原东南部稻城冰帽库照日地区系列冰碛垄进行年代测定,试图建立库照日地区冰川事件的年代序列。然而,光释光(OSL)年代结果与先前发表的ESR和宇生核素10Be暴露年代数据不一致,且个别数据与地貌新老关系不符。通过对比分析显示:冰碛物样品埋藏前释光信号的部分晒退以及样品提取的石英不纯,可能导致冰碛物光释光测年的较大误差和不准确性,应该引起足够的注意。 相似文献
8.
冰川事件是气候波动最直接的地质证据,利用冰川作用过程中形成的冰碛物的年代数据建立冰川事件的时间顺序,是反演冰川演化历史以及区域古气候和古环境的有效途径.然而,由于冰川沉积环境的复杂性,很大程度限制了冰川年代数据的获取.近年来,随着光释光测年技术的不断完善,其应用范围已经扩展到冰川沉积物的年代测定.本文利用光释光(OSL)测年技术对青藏高原东南部稻城冰帽库照日地区系列冰碛垄进行年代测定,试图建立库照日地区冰川事件的年代序列.然而,光释光(OSL)年代结果与先前发表的ESR和宇生核素10Be暴露年代数据不一致,且个别数据与地貌新老关系不符.通过对比分析显示:冰碛物样品埋藏前释光信号的部分晒退以及样品提取的石英不纯,可能导致冰碛物光释光测年的较大误差和不准确性,应该引起足够的注意. 相似文献
9.
《地球科学进展》2016,(11)
深海氧同位素(MIS)5e阶段的环境要素可与现代暖期对比,研究其气候特征和持续时间,有助于更好地理解现代暖期过程和未来气候发展趋势,是第四纪研究的一个重要问题。很多学者开展了相关研究,但对MIS 5e时期气候特征存在不同见解。通过对全球典型地区的35个具有可靠年代和可信代用指标古气候记录综合分析,初步认为:1MIS 5e起止时间为(128±2)~(116±2)ka,该时期全球范围内的气候存在小幅度波动,但对于是否存在冷事件及其变化幅度和起止时间,区域间的差异明显,如北大西洋区海洋气候记录指示MIS 5e阶段气候比较稳定,而挪威海区的气候记录显示MIS 5e早期气候有2个明显的变化,在中期存在一个冷事件;南极洲和格陵兰的δ18O,δD和CH4记录说明两区MIS 5e时期的气候都呈相对稳定状态;欧洲地区Eemian间冰期从南到北持续时间变短,气候波动幅度变大;中国地区MIS 5e气候特征研究分歧较大。2在亚轨道尺度上,MIS 5e时期全球气候具较好的一致性,太阳辐射可能是统一的驱动因子;在千年/百年尺度上,各个地区气候变化存在一定的差异性,可能受区域局地因子的控制。3在全球MIS 5e气候变化的研究中,还有很多方面有待提高,如关于全球性和区域性气候事件的联系、差异和机制问题、代用指标的指代意义及机理和MIS 5e阶段高分辨率的气候变化及古气候模拟研究等。 相似文献
10.
对北美洲晚第四纪冰川10Be暴露年代进行汇编与聚集程度置信等级划分,构建了北美洲各区域的冰川演化序列,并进一步对比和分析了冰川演化序列对高分辨率气候事件的响应情况,使用较好和中等聚集程度的暴露年代漂砾组对北美洲各区域进行冰期划分。结果表明：北美洲冰川序列横跨6个深海氧同位素阶段（marine isotope stage,MIS）,保守估计至少在MIS 6/5、MIS 4/3、MIS 2时期出现了规模性冰进,其记录可信区间为约150 ka至今。末次冰盛期（Last Glacial Maximum,LGM）之前的冰川演化存在区域性,这可能与劳伦泰德冰盖的大气效应存在一定的相关性。LGM的冰川达到最大范围的时间不同步,揭示了不同地区冰川演化的影响因素不尽相同。LGM以来的冰川作用对于高分辨率气候事件,如海因里希事件1（Heinrich Stadial 1,HS1）、B-A事件（B?lling-Aller?d,B-A）、新仙女木事件（Younger Dryas,YD）的响应存在同步性。对于全新世更高分辨率的邦德事件（Bond）,北美洲的冰川10Be暴露年代同样具有很好的对应关系。 相似文献
11.
Late Quaternary glaciation in the Tianshan and implications for palaeoclimatic change: a review 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
XIANGKE XU AXEL KLEIDON LEE MILLER SHIQIN WANG LIQIANG WANG GUOCHENG DONG 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2010,39(2):215-232
Xu, X., Kleidon, A., Miller, L., Wang, S., Wang, L. & Dong, G. 2009: Late Quaternary glaciation in the Tianshan and implications for palaeoclimatic change: a review. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2009.00118.x. ISSN 0300‐9483. The Tianshan mountain range has been extensively and repeatedly glaciated during the late Quaternary. Multiple moraines in this region record the extent and timing of late Quaternary glacier fluctuations. The moraines and their ages are described in three sub‐regions: eastern, central and western Tianshan. Notable glacial advances occurred during marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 6, 4, 3, 2, the Neoglacial and the Little Ice Age (LIA) in these sub‐regions. Glaciers in western Tianshan advanced significantly also during MIS 5, but not in eastern and central Tianshan. The local last glacial maximum (llgm) of the three sub‐regions pre‐dated the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and occurred during MIS 4 in eastern and central Tianshan, but during MIS 3 in western Tianshan. The spatial and temporal distribution of the glaciers suggests that precipitation (as snow at high altitude) is the main factor controlling glacial advance in the Tianshan. The late Quaternary climate in the Tianshan has been generally cold–dry during glacial times and warm–humid during interglacial times. Between neighbouring glacial times, the climate has had a more arid tendency in eastern and central Tianshan. These palaeoclimatic conditions inferred from glacial landforms indicate important relationships between the mid‐latitude westerly, the Siberian High and the Asian monsoon. 相似文献
12.
天山末次冰期以来干旱化过程的冰川证据 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
依据天山7个有确切年代学资料的典型地区进行冰川面积和平衡线高度等重建,揭示天山地区末次冰期以来冰川经历的扩张和收缩过程。冰川规模在MIS 4~MIS 3大幅度扩张,形成大规模的复合型山谷冰川和山麓冰川;MIS 2冰川扩张显著,但远不及MIS 4~MIS 3,许多山区形成大型山谷冰川;全新世新冰期NG和小冰期LIA都略有扩张,冰碛垄分布在现代冰川外围,冰川类型与现在一致。冰川平衡线高度的降幅亦表现为MIS 4~MIS 3最大,MIS 2以后降幅递减。MIS 4~MIS 3天山冰川大规模扩张与欧亚冰盖演化,巨大冰前湖泊、广阔的湿地的形成为西风提供更多水气带到天山有关;MIS 2至今,随着欧亚冰盖减小到消失,西风带来的水气渐少,干冷的蒙古高压逐渐加强,制约了冰川规模扩张。 相似文献
13.
SARAH M. PRINCIPATO 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2008,37(1):132-145
New geomorphic and chronological data of Holocene advances of the Drangajökull Ice Cap, located on eastern Vestfirðir, northwest Iceland, are presented. At least two glacial advances and two transgressions during the Holocene are interpreted from moraines and raised beach deposits, respectively. Geomorphic evidence is concentrated in the three valleys adjacent to the modern outlet glaciers of the Drangajökull Ice Cap: Kaldalónsjökull, Leirufjarðarjökull, and Reykjarfjarðarjökull. The valley surrounding Kaldalónsjökull contains a vegetated Holocene moraine with a minimum radiocarbon age of ∼2600 cal. yr BP, which provides geomorphic evidence for Neoglacial activity on eastern Vestfirðir. The second extensive Holocene glacial advance on eastern Vestfirðir occurred during the Little Ice Age, and moraines associated with this advance are present in all three outlet glacier valleys. The Neoglacial advance is the most extensive ice advance on eastern Vestfirðir. Raised beaches parallel to the coastlines of Ísafjarðardjúp and Jökulfirðir, at an elevation of approximately 5 m a.s.l., suggest a minor transgression at ∼3000 cal. yr BP based on radiocarbon ages of shells. A minor transgression of 0.3–0.5 m a.s.l. is associated with the timing of the Little Ice Age advance. Correlation of geomorphic events with sediment proxy records facilitates distinguishing local perturbations from regional North Atlantic climate signals. This study supports regional interpretations of climatic instability during the Holocene. 相似文献
14.
Late Pleistocene lake and glaciation evolution on the northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau: a review
Late Pleistocene paleoclimatic history on northeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) has been reconstructed mainly from lake
sediments; however, data regarding dry–wet climate changes reported in this region are still not clear and controversial.
Based on shoreline features and highstand lacustrine sediments around lakes on the QTP, high lake level histories in this
paper were summarized and compared with paleoclimatic records from lake sediments, ice core and glaciation evolution surrounding
mountains on the NE QTP during late Pleistocene. The results indicate that periods of high lake level occurred at MIS 5, MIS
3 and early-middle Holocene and most likely corresponding to warm and wet climate periods, while periods of low lake level
existed in intervening intervals, corresponding to cold and dry climate periods, which most likely coincide with glacial advances
surrounding high mountains. With an exception, no wide glacial advance in study area was found during MIS 3, possibly suggesting
that effective moisture is lower than that in the other region of NE QTP in this period. 相似文献
15.
阿尔泰山喀纳斯河流域末次冰期OSL年代学新证 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
布尔津河支流喀纳斯河源于中俄蒙三国交界处友谊峰的南坡,为额尔齐斯河的重要源区.友谊峰连同奎屯峰等高峰形成了阿尔泰山最大的现代冰川作用中心.在第四纪期间,这些冰川都发生了规模较大的进退,在河谷中留下了形态较为清晰的冰川地形.应用OSL单片再生剂量测定技术对采自主U型谷两侧的高大侧碛垄进行了定年,测年结果分别为(27.2±2.0)ka(K-1)与(16.1±1.5)ka(K-2).基于地貌地层学原理、并结合已有的年代学资料(OSL与14 C)与古气候研究资料,末次冰期以来喀纳斯河流域共有5次规模较大的冰进,分别为小冰期、新冰期、末次冰期晚冰阶(MIS 2)、末次冰期中冰阶(MIS 3中期)与末次冰期早冰阶(MIS 4). 相似文献
16.
末次冰期冰碛垄系列的形态特征及其形成探讨 ——以帕隆藏布江谷地为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
冰碛的形态特征是气候变化的标记.以往的野外考察发现末次冰期的冰碛具有近乎统一的发育模式.选取藏东南帕隆藏布江流域的10条冰川, 研究其前方末次冰期冰川堆积特征, 以揭示其所反映的气候变化过程. 结果表明: 末次冰期MIS2形成最高大的冰碛垄, 我们称之为主冰碛垄, 这套冰碛垄示意当时冰期气候持续稳定时间最长.为主冰碛垄所部分覆盖而由其底部延伸出来的, 尚有至少两套范围更大、 但规模较小的冰碛垄, 表明MIS2之前冰期气候可能曾更加严酷, 但持续时间相对要短, 可能反映MIS4和/或MIS3的冰期气候特点.主冰碛垄内侧一直到现代冰川相当长的河谷段, 通常呈现多道冰碛垄, 规模均较主冰碛小, 它们有的不排除作为后退冰碛(recessional moraine)的可能性, 但晚冰期(YD)、 抑或H1事件应当是值得注意的.临近现代冰川末端, 一般能够辨别新冰期和小冰期冰碛垄. 因此, 藏东南这样一系列的冰川堆积, 以其形态、 范围和规模特征, 辅之以高精度的系统测年, 几乎可恢复出气候变化曲线来, 了解与全球氧同位素曲线之间的齿合关系. 相似文献
17.
HERBJØRN PRESTHUS HEGGEN JOHN INGE SVENDSEN JAN MANGERUD 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2010,39(1):116-130
Heggen, H. P., Svendsen, J. I. & Mangerud, J. 2009: River sections at the Byzovaya Palaeolithic site – keyholes into the late Quaternary of northern European Russia. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2009.00109.x. ISSN 0300‐9483. The geological history of northern European Russia over the past two glacial cycles is reconstructed from the stratigraphy in river bluffs along the upper reaches of the Pechora River. From a till bed near the base of the sections it is inferred that the Barents–Kara Ice Sheet covered the area during the late Saalian (MIS 6). After deglaciation, and prior to the last interglacial, the area was flooded by an ice‐dammed lake, suggesting that the Pechora Basin was blocked by a subsequent ice advance at the very end of the Saalian. Ice‐wedge casts and periglacial sediments reflect a pronounced cooling with formation of permafrost during the Early Weichselian (MIS 5d). An overlying thick sequence of shallow lacustrine sediments accumulated in the ice‐dammed Lake Komi, formed by the advancing Barents–Kara Ice Sheet 80–100 kyr BP (MIS 5b?). Following drainage of the lake, many of the older formations were eroded by fluvial activity. Animal remains found together with palaeolithic artefacts within debrisflow sediments at the base of one of the incised gullies yielded radiocarbon ages around 28 000–30 000 14C yr BP (33–34 cal. kyr BP). The surface with traces of human activities was subsequently covered by aeolian sediments representing the northern extension of the European belt of periglacial coversand that accumulated in the cold and dry climate during the late Weichselian (MIS 2). The results of this work confirm the assumption that the last shelf‐centred ice sheet that covered this part of Russia occurred during the late Saalian (MIS 6), but that this glaciation was followed by a younger and less extensive ice advance that has not been described before. There are no indications that local glaciers originating in the Ural Mountains reached the Pechora River valley throughout the last two glacial cycles. 相似文献
18.
玉龙雪山冰川沉积序列OSL定年 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
位于青藏高原东南缘的玉龙雪山分布有欧亚大陆纬度最低的海洋型冰川,其主峰及周边地区保存了大量清晰完整的第四纪冰川遗迹。研究该区第四纪冰川作用遗迹及其冰川作用史,具有重要的理论与实际价值。应用光释光（OSL）测年技术对玉龙雪山冰川沉积物进行了定年,结合前人研究资料,重建玉龙雪山冰川作用史。研究结果表明：玉龙雪山东麓的末次冰期冰碛物主要形成于晚更新世末次冰期最盛时期,其平均年代约在25ka,西麓末次冰期冰碛物形成年代约为50ka,对应于深海氧同位素3阶段中期（MIS3b）。而倒数第二次冰期的年代在240ka左右,处于中更新世晚期,对应于MIS8阶段,当时玉龙雪山存在多条复式山谷冰川。该研究可为玉龙雪山第四纪冰川作用历史的重新认识以及光释光测年技术在该区的应用提供基础资料。 相似文献
19.
Abel Guihou Sylvain Pichat Aline Govin Silvia Nave Elisabeth Michel Jean-Claude Duplessy Philippe Telouk Laurent Labeyrie 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2011,30(13-14):1576-1582
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a key feature of the climate system. However, its role during climate change is still poorly constrained particularly during an Interglacial to Glacial climate transition and the associated global cooling. We present here the first reconstruction of the evolution of the vertical structure of the rate of the AMOC from the Last Interglaciation to the subsequent glaciation (128,000–60,000 years ago) based on sedimentary (231Pa/230Th) records. We show a deep AMOC during the interglacial warmth Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.5 and a shallower glacial one during glacial MIS 4. The change between these two patterns occurred mostly during the glacial inception, i.e. the transition from MIS 5.5 to MIS 5.4. Our data show that AMOC was enhanced during this latter transition as a consequence of a large increase of the overturning rate of the Intermediate Waters, above 2500 m. We suggest that this AMOC pattern required a reinforced Gulf Stream-North Atlantic Current system that ultimately supported ice-sheet growth by providing heat and moisture to the Northern high latitudes. From MIS 5.4 to MIS 5.1, the AMOC was broadly continuous below 2000 m and supported periods of ice-sheet growth. As a result, a glacial AMOC is triggered at the beginning of MIS 4 due to the extension of ice-sheet and the subsequent reorganization of deep-water formation. This study highlights the role of intermediate waters as a major player during climate change. 相似文献
20.
中国西部山岳冰川MIS3b冰进的初步探讨 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1
对横断山的沙鲁里山、祁连山东段的冷龙岭、天山西段托木尔峰南麓的阿特奥依纳克河流域等3个地区7个研究点的第四纪冰川作用开展了深入研究,应用ESR测年技术在7个研究点特定的地貌部位共获得12个对应于MIS3(56~36 ka BP)的测年结果,且年龄基本上都对应于MIS3b(54~44 kaBP).结合已有的研究资料,并对MIS3气候特征进行综合分析,研究表明:MIS3强大的季风环流带来的丰富降水与MIS3b冷阶段的组合是川西高原的沙鲁里山与祁连山东段冷龙岭MIS3b冰进的主要原因,而天山西段阿特奥依纳克河流域MIS3b冰进则是不稳定的西风波动带来的丰富降水所致.这3个地区沉积有该次冰进的冰碛物. 相似文献