共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 734 毫秒
1.
提出了位场向下延拓的波数域迭代法. 对水平面上的位场观测值进行Fourier变换,得到其波谱. 根据第一类Fredholm积分方程的空间域迭代解法,推导出计算向下延拓水平面上位场波谱的波数域迭代公式. 在波数域中进行迭代,一直进行到相继两次迭代近似解的差值最大绝对值小于给定的精度,或迭代达到给定的最大迭代次数. 对这种迭代近似解进行Fourier逆变换,得到向下延拓的位场. 数值计算结果表明：与空间域迭代法比较,这种波数域迭代法简单、快速,并有同样好的向下延拓效果. 本文还证明了这种迭代法是收敛的,并给出了它的收敛特性和滤波特性. 相似文献
2.
油气勘探的重点正转向复杂地表条件和复杂地质条件的区域.双复杂条件下的叠前深度偏移是解决复杂地表条件和复杂地质构造成像的有效手段.基于“逐步累加”的“直接下延”法是解决复杂地表成像的有效手段,能够较好地消除地形起伏的影响.波动方程频率空间域有限差分(xwfd)叠前深度偏移对介质速度横向变化有较强的适应性,适宜于复杂构造的偏移成像,同其他常规波动方程深度偏移一样,常规的xwfd偏移方法,主要也是针对相位进行波场延拓,没有对振幅做任何处理.我们基于保幅单程波方程,推导出了基于xwfd的保幅波场延拓算子,针对xwfd求解时引入误差的影响,我们在xwfd保幅波场延拓过程中加入了误差补偿,实现了带误差补偿的xwfd保幅偏移.基于带误差补偿的xwfd保幅算子,应用适合起伏地表的直接下延法,对双复杂介质模型和实际资料进行了试算,改善了双复杂介质的成像效果.其中,误差补偿可以在若干个外推步长上进行,所以相对于保幅傅里叶有限差分(ffd)法偏移来说,该方法在改善成像质量的同时,也具有较高的运算效率. 相似文献
3.
近年来,利用时移微重力技术进行储层开发监测受到国内外学者广泛关注.时移微重力观测数据存在信噪比低,信号弱的问题,难以实现储层内物质运移的定量解释.为压制数据噪声,增强有效弱信号,本文研究了利用Tikhonov正则化方法反演等效层（源）,并由等效源实现重力场向下延拓的方法;在此基础上,本文推导了波数域正则化等效源向下延拓算子.针对向下延拓场幅值衰减问题,提出了正则化等效源迭代补偿算法.通过模拟数据实验研究了不同深度正则化等效源滤波算子及向下延拓算子的波数响应;与波数域Tikhonov正则化向下延拓方法相比,正则化等效源向下延拓方法的延拓精度更高、更稳定.最后,将基于迭代补偿的正则化等效源向下延拓技术应用于实测时移微重力数据证实了该方法能够有效增强局部异常,实现时移微重力数据大深度稳定向下延拓. 相似文献
4.
针对位场向下延拓的不适定性,我们将位场向下延拓视为向上延拓的反问题,提出以位场最小曲率作为约束条件来求解稳定的下延位场.我们将剖面位场向上延拓表达式用傅里叶矩阵的形式表示,以矩阵乘法形式给出延拓的表达式,同时向待反演的下延位场引入最小曲率约束,得到向下延拓的最小曲率解,并利用正交变换给出了更为简洁的频率域解.随后,利用Kronecker积将上述全部结果拓展至三维位场,给出了三维位场向下延拓的最小曲率解.此外,我们将位场数据的填充、扩充问题与向下延拓问题统筹考虑,提出一种新的向下延拓迭代格式,该算法面向实际资料处理需求、无须预扩充或填补数据.下延迭代时,对原始数据直接向下延拓,而空白部分利用上一次下延位场估计的上延值替代其空白值并对其向下延拓,直至获得最小曲率约束下稳定的向下延拓结果.同时,我们也讨论了利用改进L曲线和广义交叉验证(GCV)计算正则参数最优估计的问题.对理论模型和实际航空重力资料进行了向下延拓检验,处理结果表明位场向下延拓的最小曲率方法解能满足实际位场资料对向下延拓处理的需求,具有较高的下延精度. 相似文献
5.
重力场向下延拓能够突出局部和浅部的异常信息,分离叠加的异常特征.但是向下延拓通常具有过程不稳定、下延深度小、结果不准确等问题.针对向下延拓所存在的不足,本文利用重力场及其垂向一阶导数,基于辛普森(Simpson)求积公式,推导出重力场向下延拓米尔尼(Milne)公式.将本文向下延拓方法应用于模型数据,向下延拓模型结果及误差曲线表明,相对于向下延拓快速傅里叶变换(FFT)法和积分迭代法,向下延拓Milne法的深度更大,相对误差更小;相对模型值,向下延拓Milne法能够获得稳定且准确的结果.对加拿大乃查科(Nechako)盆地地区实测航空重力数据进行本文方法向下延拓验证,处理结果表明,相对于实测异常,本文方法向下延拓结果能够很好还原实测数据,并且在进一步向下延拓中反映原始异常的趋势,增强局部和细小异常信息. 相似文献
6.
Downward continuation is a useful tool in the processing of potential field data, which can effectively enhance weak anomalies and identify overlap anomalies, but we all know that the computation of downward continuation is unstable, and easily distorts the true feature of potential field data. Because the computation of upward continuation and horizontal derivatives is stable, we proposed using the combination of upward continuation and horizontal derivative to accomplish the downward continuation of potential field data. The proposed method is demonstrated on synthetic potential field data, and the results show that the proposed method can finish the downward continuation of the data stably and precisely, and the precision of the proposed method is higher than the traditional method. We also apply it to real potential field data, and the results show that the proposed method accomplishes the downward continuation of the real data stably. 相似文献
7.
位场向下延拓是位场数据处理和反演中的重要运算，但是它的不稳定性影响了它在许多处理和反演方法技术中的应用.本文通过把位场向下延拓视为向上延拓的反问题，得到向下延拓的褶积型线性积分方程，再利用Fourier变换矩阵的正交对称特性，并结合矩阵的奇异值分解和广义逆原理，提出了一种稳定的不需要进行求逆运算的位场向下延拓广义逆方法——波数域广义逆算法，解决了位场大深度向下延拓的不稳定性问题.把这种方法用于三维理论模型数据和实际磁场数据的向下延拓获得了理想的结果. 相似文献
8.
The integrated wave equation datuming scheme is an integrated datuming method to implement the wave equation velocity replacement with a one-way extrapolator for overthrust data. The integrated wave equation datuming scheme is accomplished by downward continuing the data from the topography to a non-planar base of the weathering layer, followed by an upward continuation from the base of the weathering layer to a final planar datum. Both the downward and the upward continuation are accomplished by a one-way extrapolator by a classical 'two-step' implementation. The topographic datuming operator is a distinctive technique by which the shots and receivers are downward continued simultaneously. Although its inadaptability to non-planar datum and the strong lateral variation of the near-surface structure constrains its application to the downward continuation of the overthrust data, we found that the 'one-step' feature of the topographic datuming operator is extremely suitable for the upward continuation. In this paper, the topographic datuming operator is incorporated into the integrated wave equation datuming scheme to perform upward continuation instead of a one-way extrapolator – thus a revised integrated wave equation datuming scheme is constructed. Compared with the previous scheme, the computatiol cost of the revised integrated wave equation datuming scheme is greatly reduced, thus the applicability of the integrated wave equation datuming scheme is further improved. The synthetic and real data examples demonstrate its effectiveness and efficiency. 相似文献
9.
根据维纳滤波理论导出的位场向下延拓滤波器为最佳下延滤波器,但因其实现需要已知待求位场和噪声的功率谱而在实际应用中受到限制.针对该问题,本文首先提出一种基于位场径向平均功率谱的位场噪声水平估计方法,进而利用偏差准则求取正则化参数,实现位场正则化向下延拓;然后将位场正则化下延结果的功率谱作为待求位场功率谱的估计初值,采用带修正项的迭代维纳滤波方法来更新对待求位场功率谱的估计,最后提出本文的位场向下延拓改进迭代维纳滤波方法.基于理论重力模型数据及航磁实测数据进行了向下延拓对比试验,结果表明,改进迭代法具有较好的收敛性,且下延精度优于Tikhonov正则化法和递增型维纳滤波法. 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
消除海底起伏影响的海洋地震波场正反向延拓 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解决海底起伏变化对地震波场的影响问题,本文提出将（x-z）域中的曲网格映射成（ξ,η）域中的矩形网格,推导出（ξ,η）域中的二维标量声波方程,根据推导出来的波动方程采用逆时有限差分法将海面上采集到的地震波场在（ξ,η）域中向下延拓至海底面,延拓时采用海水的速度,然后采用顺时有限差分法将延拓后的地震波场再反延拓到海面上,延拓时采用海底面以下地层的速度,从而消除了海底起伏带来的负面影响。模型及实际地震资料的计算分析表明该方法不但能够校正由于海底起伏所引起的海底面下地层反射波场的不连续性还能够校正由于海底起伏所引起的地震波的动力学特征的变化。对延拓前后的地震波场进行速度反演,延拓后反演的地层速度比延拓前反演的地层速度的精度提高很多,延拓前后地震波场的叠加剖面对比表明该延拓方法能够明显提高地震波场的成像质量。 相似文献
15.
The iteration method for downward continuation of a potential field from a horizontal plane 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Shi-zhe Xu Jinyu Yang Changfu Yang Pengfei Xiao Shengchang Chen Zhihong Guo 《Geophysical Prospecting》2007,55(6):883-889
This paper introduces an iteration method for the downward continuation of potential‐field data from a horizontal plane, and compares it with the conventional frequency‐domain method (Fourier transform) using 2D and 3D model tests. The paper evaluates the two methods in terms of the results, i.e. downward‐continuation distance and stability. The iteration method proves to be more stable and able to downward continue the potential for a greater distance than the Fourier transform method. 相似文献
16.
位场的解析延拓是实现不同高度海洋地磁场相互转换的主要途径,是构建海洋三维磁空间背景场模型的关键技术.针对位场向下延拓迭代法中最优正则化参数及最佳迭代次数难以确定问题,尝试引入微分进化法,以正则化参数及迭代次数为种群变量,以延拓结果的熵值为目标函数,以目标函数最小化为搜索准则,实现两种参数的并行全局寻优.采用实测数据对微分进化法在几种常用的迭代法中最优正则化参数及最佳迭代次数的确定进行了分析,与传统L-曲线准则确定的最优正则化参数及多次试验确定的最佳迭代次数进行对比,结果表明：微分进化法确定的最优参数能使三种迭代法取得最佳迭代效果,延拓结果与真实地磁场最为接近,并且该法计算稳定、自适应强,建议在海洋磁场数据向下延拓中应用. 相似文献
17.
本文介绍的偏移成像方法为递归F-K法、相移插值法及串联偏移技术的有效结合,简称CFPI法.该方法中,波场外推采用相移插值法中递归向下延拓方式,而每一延拓层间的成像则用文中给出的常速F-K加剩余速度F-K偏移,通过与横向速度变化有关的插值来实现,该过程用FFT完成.该方法可采用较大的延拓步长速归向下外推与成像.理论分析及实际计算结果比较表明,该算法效率远高于相移插值法偏移. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
Ali Aydin 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(11):2329-2344
The Normalized Full Gradient (NFG) method which was put forward about 50 years ago has been used for downward continuation
of gravity potential data, especially in the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. This method nullifies perturbations
due to the passage of mass depth during downward continuation. The method depends on the downwards analytical continuation
of normalized full gradient values of gravity data. Analytical continuation discriminates certain structural anomalies which
cannot be distinguished in the observed gravity field. This method has been used in various petroleum and tectonic studies.
The Trapeze method was used for the determination of Fourier coefficients during the application of this method. No other
techniques for calculating these coefficients have been used. However, the Filon method was used for the determination of
Fourier coefficients during the application of the NFG method in this work. This method, rather than the Trapeze method, should
be preferred for indicating abnormal mass resources at the lower harmonics. In this study, the NFG method using the Filon
method has been applied the first time to theoretical models of gravity profiles as example field at the Hasankale-Horasan
petroleum exploration province where successful results were achieved. Hydrocarbon presence was shown on the NFG sections
by the application of NFG downward continuation operations on theoretical models. Important signs of hydrocarbon structure
on the NFG section for field and model data at low harmonics are obtained more effectively using this method. 相似文献