共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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本文介绍地震波场高阶有限差分正演及其GPU计算问题,通过数值模拟技术实现地震波正演。对于声波方程,利用泰勒级数展开式得出波动方程的高阶有限差分格式及其离散表达式。运用C++语言和CUDA编写二维和三维GPU正演程序,使用共享存储器提升GPU线程间通信传输速度,并且改善了三维模型情况下共享存储器容量对有限差分阶数的限制问题。建立不同尺度模型针对二维和三维GPU正演程序和CPU正演程序进行计算测试,比较两个程序的计算效率。测试结果表明,无论是在二维和三维的模型下,GPU正演程序的计算耗时都远远小于CPU正演程序的计算耗时,且随着计算数据量的增大,加速效果越来越显著,测试结果可以很好地证明GPU程序相对于单CPU程序计算的高效性。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2020,(3)
瞬变电磁场数字滤波算法计算时间短,精度高,但难以实现三维正演计算;有限差分算法可以实现三维正演计算,但计算时间长,当模型网格剖分数量不足时计算精度较低.结合三维有限差分正演算法和一维数字滤波正演算法各自优势,提出双模型三维正演方法,可以减少计算时间,提高计算精度.首先,给出了瞬变电磁场三维有限差分正演算法和一维数字滤波正演算法.然后,通过理论分析和公式推导,提出了通过三维有限差分正演算法计算异常场,通过一维数字滤波算法计算背景场,然后叠加得到总场的双模型方法,并给出了具体计算公式和流程.最后,建立了经典的Newman均匀介质含低阻长方体模型,以及Commer层状介质含垂直接触带模型,分别采用双模型方法和常规三维有限差分算法进行了正演计算,对计算结果进行了对比分析.结果表明:在相同模型网格数量条件下双模型方法计算精度显著高于常规三维有限差分算法;双模型方法可以通过较少的模型网格数量取得高精度的计算结果,从而可以在保证计算精度的前提下显著提高计算效率. 相似文献
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密度是岩石物性参数的重要组成部分,对储层评价、岩性解释和油藏描述等具有重要作用,因此实际资料应用中含有密度信息的正演建模是必不可少的.作为波动理论应用最广泛的实际资料处理技术——逆时偏移和全波形反演,其正演建模一般采用经典的二阶标量波方程,且不考虑密度的空间变化.而一阶速度-应力控制方程通过交错网格有限差分法正演建模,其精度高于二阶方程但计算成本过高,很难在三维实际资料中应用.鉴于非均质正演在实际生产中所面临问题,本文借用交错网格的思想,充分考虑空间变密度对波传播的影响,提出基于等效交错网格的高阶有限差分建模算法并应用于非均质标量波正演.文中从数学上给出一阶方程和二阶方程在数值模拟中的等价性证明,并分析了震源、边界条件和稳定性.最后通过简单层状模型进行数值测试,对比不同建模方法以验证新方法的准确性;利用高阶精度方法对Sigsbee-2a模型做正演测试,验证本文提出的方法的稳定性. 相似文献
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应用小波伽略金方法,对Maxwell方程进行离散化,导出了DB2-MRTD算法的探地雷达3D差分公式、数值稳定性条件.在此基础上,开发了探地雷达MRTD(multi-resolution time domain)法正演模拟程序,该程序极大地提高了运算速度,改善了三维探地雷达正演方法,并利用该自制程序,对三角形金属体模型进行了正演模拟,得到了其相应的正演合成三维剖视图及切片图,通过对这些模拟结果进行分析,可以加深对三维雷达反射特征的认识,提高探地雷达探测的可靠性、准确度,同时也说明时域多分辨率法在探地雷达三维正演模拟中的有效性. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(2)
<正>演是反演的基础,有效正确的正演差分格式可以保证反演结果的精度和效率.本文通过声波波动方程域间转换提出标量地震波Laplace-Fourier域数值模拟方法,并推导了同时引入衰减因子和频率的Laplace-Fourier域标量波方程的9点法有限差分格式和Laplace-Fourier域对应的加入PML(perfectly matched layer)吸收边界条件的差分格式,并通过模型试算验证了本文提出的Laplace-Fourier域正演方法的有效性和准确性,通过与时间域正演方法得到的地震记录比较,可以看出该方法能满足正演数值模拟的要求,为下一步进行Laplace-Fourier域标量波全波形反演奠定了基础. 相似文献
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A procedure for three-dimensional (3-D) coupling of finite elements (FEs), boundary elements (BEs) and infinite boundary elements (IBEs) is presented for the numerical modelling of seismic interaction between arch dams and rock canyons. First, a system of coupling 3-D boundary and infinite boundary elements is developed for simulation of infinite and irregular canyons and for determination, in the frequency domain, of impedance functions on the dam-canyon interface. Secondly, the impedance functions for all degrees-of-freedom are transformed approximately into frequency independent discrete parameters by a curve fitting technique. Finally, these discrete parameters are combined with the dam structure which is discretized by finite elements, thus allowing the response of the arch dam-canyon system to be evaluated. The proposed procedure is efficient because it permits the seismic analysis of arch dam-canyon interaction by the substructure technique in the time domain. To demonstrate both the validity and efficiency of the present procedure, the response of an arch dam-canyon system is obtained under unit impulse acting on the dam-canyon interface as the free field input. Very good agreement is noted when comparing the frequency response determined from the time domain with that from the frequency domain under harmonic excitation applied on the interface of the dam-canyon. 相似文献
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Leiv -J. Gelius 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2012,56(2):433-456
An accurate, fast, and simple algorithm for 3-D acoustic modelling of seismic edge diffractions, originally developed in the 1980s, is revisited in this paper. The main objective is to reintroduce this simple approach to edge-diffraction modelling and for the first time give the details of the theory in the open literature. The method is based on a combination of Kirchhoff theory and uniform asymptotic techniques developed within a high-frequency assumption. The diffraction contributions are then computed at stationary edge points only, by analogy with the geometrical ray contributions associated with internal stationary points or specular points. To be able to handle sampling inaccuracies of the critical edge points, a modified algorithm is proposed. Its robustness is verified in case of scattering from a circular edge. Also the extension from rigid or free boundary conditions to the case of edges defined by two penetrable surfaces is discussed in this paper. Both experimental and synthetic 3-D data are presented to demonstrate the potential of this edge-diffraction modelling technique. Since all parameters needed in the computations are obtained from dynamic ray tracing, the algorithm can readily be incorporated in existing software packages for 3-D seismic ray modelling. 相似文献
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One of the major aspects of rock-physics forward modelling is to predict seismic behaviour at an undrilled location using drilled well data. It is important to model the rock and fluid properties away from drilled wells to characterize the reservoir and investigate the root causes of different seismic responses. Using the forward modelling technique, it is possible to explain the amplitude responses of present seismic data in terms of probable rock and reservoir properties. In this context, rock-physics modelling adds significant values in the prospect maturation process by reducing the risk of reservoir presence in exploration and appraisal phases. The synthetic amplitude variation with offset gathers from the forward model is compared with real seismic gathers to ensure the fidelity of the existing geological model. ‘Prospect A’ in the study area has been identified from seismic interpretation, which was deposited as slope fan sediments in Mahanadi basin, East Coast of India. The mapped prospect has shown class-I amplitude variation with offset response in seismic without any direct hydrocarbon indicator support. The existing geological model suggests the presence of an excellent gas reservoir with proven charge access from the fetch area, moderate porosity and type of lithology within this fan prospect. But, whether the seismic response from this geological model will exhibit a class-I amplitude variation with offset behaviour or ‘dim spot’ will be visible; the objective of the present study is to investigate these queries. A rock-physics depth trend analysis has been done to envisage the possibilities of class-I reservoir in ‘Prospect A’. Forward modelling, using a combination of mechanical and chemical compaction, shows the synthetic gas gathers at ‘Prospect A’, which are class I in nature. The study has also depicted 2D forward modelling using lithology and fluid properties of discovery well within similar stratigraphy to predict whether ‘dim spot’ will be seen in seismic. The estimated change in synthetic amplitude response has been observed as ∼5% at contact, which suggests that the changes will not be visible in seismic. The study connects the existing geological model with a top-down seismic interpretation using rock-physics forward modelling technique to mature a deep-water exploratory prospect. 相似文献
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Zdeněk Martinec 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2009,166(8-9):1167-1197
A semi-analytical solution to the 2-D forward modelling of viscoelastic relaxation in a heterogeneous sphere induced by a surface toroidal force is derived. The model consists of a concentrically-nested elastic lithosphere, a viscoelastic mantle, and an eccentrically-nested viscoelastic core. Since numerical codes based on finite-element or spectral-finite-difference techniques for modelling viscoelastic relaxation in a spherical geometry in the presence of lateral viscosity variations are becoming more popular, reliable examples for testing and validating such codes are essential. The eccentrically-nested sphere solution has been tested by comparing it with two distinct results: The analytical solution for viscoelastic relaxation in concentrically-nested spheres and the time domain, spectral finite-element numerical solution for viscoelastic relaxation in eccentrically-nested spheres, with excellent agreement being obtained. 相似文献
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Modelling converted seismic waveforms in isotropic and anisotropic 1-D gradients: discontinuous versus continuous gradient representations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Over the past decade, there have been numerous receiver function studies directed at imaging the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB). Although it is generally accepted that receiver function phases observed in these studies are derived from physical mode conversions at depth within the lithosphere-asthenosphere transition, it is still debatable as to whether these phases are directly indicative of the LAB. This is because interpretation of receiver function LAB signals relies on understanding the elastic characteristics of the Earth??s outer thermal boundary layer. The main issues for receiver function imaging are the sharpness of the elastic material property transition and, more importantly, what specifically are the material gradients. To test the various transition models, a forward modelling approach is required that allows accurate waveform synthetics for a range of discontinuous and continuous gradients in anisotropic, elastic media. We present a derivation of the reflection and transmission response for continuous one-dimensional (1-D) gradients in generally anisotropic elastic media. We evaluate the influence of 1-D isotropic and anisotropic elastic gradients on the seismic waveform by comparing numerical results of models for discontinuous and continuous transitions. The results indicate that discontinuous representations using layers each with uniform parameters and with thicknesses on the order of approximately 1/3 to 1/8 of the dominant seismic wavelength can be used to accurately model P-to-S and S-to-P mode conversions due to continuous transitions of both isotropic and anisotropic elastic properties. From a practical point of view, when comparing synthetic modelling with observation, this constraint can be relaxed further. The presence of signal noise and/or the result of receiver function stacking techniques will likely obscure these subtle waveform e ff ects. Hence this study suggests that accurate synthetic waveforms for LAB transitions can be modelled with discontinuous gradient representations using a reasonable number of discrete transition layers with layer thicknesses no greater than 1/2 to 1/3 the dominant seismic wavelength. 相似文献
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谱元法已成为区域性乃至大陆性尺度地震波场模拟的重要工具.对于区域或大陆尺度层析成像而言,地球曲率不可忽略,此时模拟地震波传播采用球坐标系更为合适.本文从球坐标系下弹性波动方程弱形式出发,基于球坐标系变分原理给出了球坐标系下求解三维地震波方程的谱元法.另一方面,计算Fréchet敏感核是进行全波形反演的关键,本文借助伴随原理,推导了全波走时层析成像三维Fréchet敏感核表达式.为了验证球坐标系下谱元法的精度,我们将数值模拟结果与normal mode方法得到的解析解在1-D PREM模型下进行了对比.同时,我们将此方法应用到华北克拉通区域,以期获得地球内部结构精确成像.基于3-D全球径向各向异性地幔模型S362ANI和3-D地壳模型Crust1.0,我们建立了华北克拉通初始3-D背景模型,并将数值模拟结果与实际观测台站记录波形资料进行对比分析,利用互相关方法提取走时残差,最后给出了Fréchet敏感核在3-D空间中的分布,这些工作为下一步开展球坐标系下三维大尺度全波形反演奠定了基础. 相似文献
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The interpretation of seismic refraction and wide angle reflection data usually involves the creation of a velocity model based on an inverse or forward modelling of the travel times of crustal and mantle phases using the ray theory approach. The modelling codes differ in terms of model parameterization, data used for modelling, regularization of the result, etc. It is helpful to know the capabilities, advantages and limitations of the code used compared to others.This work compares some popular 2D seismic modelling codes using the dataset collected along the seismic wide-angle profile DOBRE-4, where quite peculiar/uncommon reflected phases were observed in the wavefield.The ~505 km long profile was realized in southern Ukraine in 2009, using 13 shot points and 230 recording stations. Double PMP phases with a different reduced time (7.5–11 s) and a different apparent velocity, intersecting each other, are observed in the seismic wavefield. This is the most striking feature of the data. They are interpreted as reflections from strongly dipping Moho segments with an opposite dip. Two steps were used for the modelling. In the previous work by Starostenko et al. (2013), the trial-and-error forward model based on refracted and reflected phases (SEIS83 code) was published. The interesting feature is the high-amplitude (8–17 km) variability of the Moho depth in the form of downward and upward bends. This model is compared with results from other seismic inversion methods: the first arrivals tomography package FAST based on first arrivals; the JIVE3D code, which can also use later refracted arrivals and reflections; and the forward and inversion code RAYINVR using both refracted and reflected phases. Modelling with all the codes tested showed substantial variability of the Moho depth along the DOBRE-4 profile. However, SEIS83 and RAYINVR packages seem to give the most coincident results. 相似文献