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基于自贡西山公园山体地形影响台阵和唐山响堂土层场地台阵的地震动记录, 采用互相关分析、 相干系数分析、 傅里叶谱比法和考虑相干系数的傅里叶谱比法, 对比研究了山体地形和土层场地两种局部场地条件对地震动的影响。 结果表明, 局部场地条件下的地震动效应与地震波的频率成分相关。 低频地震波由于其波长较长, 易于穿过土层场地和山体地形发生衍射, 从而导致二者地震动显著相关, 但二者在该频段的地震动场地效应差异不大; 较高频率的地震波由于其波长较短, 更容易受土层场地条件和山体地形条件的影响, 造成二者地震动场地效应差异显著。 此外, 由于山体顶部的尺寸变小, 低频长波长地震波容易在该位置发生衍射, 导致山顶周边测点的地震动相关性增加, 而较高频率的地震波则容易引起山顶局部场地发生共振效应。 山体地形上相邻位置的地震动差异一般较大, 相关性较低, 这与山体地形不同位置的几何形状对较高频率的地震波影响有关; 山底基岩的地震动受山体地形的影响较小, 该位置的地震动效应机制尚需作进一步研究。 相似文献
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Ma Hongsheng 《中国地震研究》2006,20(3):232-243
INTRODUCTIONThe active blocks refer tothe geologic units that formedinlate Cenozoic (100 ~120 ka BP) andhave been highly active as fault zones since late Quaternary with relatively uniform motion styles(Zhang Guomin,et al .,2000 ;Zhang Peizhen,et al .,2003) .The active blocks are relativelyintactand have uniformmotion modalities ,their boundary zones (also called the active boundaries) are thelocalized or centralized zones of interactions and differential movement among the active block… 相似文献
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地震激励下处于深水中的桥墩和周围水体的相互作用将对桥梁结构的动力响应产生较大影响。首先对地震作用下水-桥墩的相互作用理论做了概括,给出了动水压力对桥墩的作用效应及各自的适用范围;对主要的三种考虑流固耦合效应的分析方法做了对比,探讨了地震作用下影响水-结构相互作用的主要因素,并对今后的研究提出了建议。 相似文献
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人类活动对射阳湖的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文通过对众多历史文献和地方志资料的分析来研究人类活动对射阳湖演变的影响,结果表明,秦汉至南宋时期,范公堤,运河对射阳湖由古泄湖向淡水湖的演变影响很大,其中以范公堤尤甚,由于运河决堤次数少,河流堆积于湖区的泥沙量有限,对射阳湖的淤积作用不大;围湖造田对射阳湖的影响也不大,因此古射阳湖的面积还很大,黄河大规模夺淮的700多年间,尤其是明嘉隆以后射阳湖接受了大量黄河所携泥沙的沉积,不断缩小,运堤与湖堤的修建,使射阳湖洪患不绝,填淤加速,开挖河道宣泄内水,以及围湖造田等地使射阳湖日益萎缩,走向分化,解体,至清末射阳湖已成了一个长条状的河道型湖泊,大部分地区已被淤为荡滩沼泽或者被开垦为农田。 相似文献
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Applying a two-dimensional, non-linear hydrodynamic numerical model in combination with a semiempirical equation for bedload
sediment transport, the influence of geometry on the formation of sandbanks is investigated. In the first experiment, the
formation of sandbanks in an ideal rectangular basin, resembling the Taylor’s problem, was calculated. Sandbanks occur in
a small area at the closed boundary. Similar experiments were carried out for a range of wavelengths of the incident Kelvin
wave. The results reveal that large wavelengths favor the generation of sandbanks. In subsequent calculations, the basin was
modified by introducing new geographical features like bays and peninsulas. The numerical experiments show that geometry is
a fundamental factor to determine the position where groups of sandbanks appear. The results suggest that in regions where
the Kelvin wave is diffracted, the formation of sandbanks occurs. An experiment, in which we applied an ideal geometric configuration
representing that of the Southern Bight of the North Sea, generated sandbank patterns resembling those observed in the region. 相似文献
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地震动持时作为表征地震动的三要素之一,其对震害的影响逐渐被人们所认识.然而,在地震动持时的定义方面,目前没有统一且明确的概念,文中给出了广义的地震动总持时和强震持时的定义,研究者们根据各自领域的研究特点选择更适合的持时.持时大致可以分为两个大类:一是绝对持时,即基于加速度绝对值阈值的括号持时;二是相对持时,也就是反映地震动过程强度或能量变化趋势的持时,比如能量控制的相对持时等.持时的定义有很多种,文章简单地回顾了地震动持时的五种定义,同时,细致地分析了五种持时定义所表现的特点,并介绍了持时预测模型的研究成果,最后针对目前应用持时存在的问题提出了几点认识. 相似文献
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The effects of acidic medium on the fry of Cyprinus carpio have been studied. The eggs of Cyprinus carpio were obtained from the Bilawali Fish Farm, Indore M.P. in July 1976. The eggs were put in various concentrations of HCl ranging from 0.0025 ppm to 0.0500 ppm. One specimen from each experimental group was sacrificed for histological studies every week. The microtomy sections were studied under high power. It was found that when the fries were kept in acidic medium following changes took place:
- - Nucleus became inconspicuous and cell wall became disorganised;
- - muscle layers of gut wall became indistinct and disorganised to some extent;
- - epithelial lining of the gut was partially destroyed.
- - vacuolation in the connective tissue of gut was seen due to destruction of some of the cells;
- - hepatic cells of the liver were destroyed at various spots to a varying degree.
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Summary The irreversible changes of the remanent magnetization due to a uni-axial elastic deformation were measured on various pre-deformed samples of some basalts. The observed relations allow one to draw conclusions about the deformation history of the samples. 相似文献
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The induction interactions between ensembles of secondary oceanic bottom structures were studied by a 2D conductivity model.
It was found that frequent intercalation of such structures lead to significant cumulative effects that had to be taken into
account when modeling the structures of the first order. The study was performed for the magnetovariational sounding results
obtained in the Arctic Ocean. 相似文献
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On 12 May 2008, the devastating Wenchuan earthquake struck the Longmenshan fault zone, which comprised the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, and this fault zone was predominantly a convergent boundary with a right-lateral strike-slip component. After such a large-magnitude earthquake, it was crucial to analyze the influences of the earthquake on the surrounding faults and the potential seismic activity. In this paper, a complex viscoelastic model of western Sichuan and eastern Tibet regions was constructed including the topography. Based on the findings of co-seismic static slip distribution, we calculated the stress change caused by the Wenchuan earthquake with the post-seismic relaxation into consideration. Our preliminary results indicated that: (1) The tectonic stressing rate was relatively high in Kunlun mountain pass-Jiangcuo, Ganzi-Yushu, Xianshuihe and Zemuhe faults; while in the east Kunlun and Longriba was medium; also the value was less in the Minjiang, Longmenshan, Anninghe and Huya faults. As to the Longmenshan fault, the value was 0.28×10-3 MPa/a to 0.35×10-3 MPa/a, which is coincident with the previous long recurrence interval of Wenchuan earthquake; (2) The Wenchuan earthquake not only caused the Coulomb stress decrease in the source region, but also the stress increase in the two terminals, especially the northeastern segment, which is comparatively consistent with the aftershock distribution. Meanwhile, the high concentration areas of the static slip distribution were corresponding to the Coulomb stress reductions; (3) The Coulomb stress change caused by Wenchuan earthquake showed significant increase on five major faults, which were northwestern segment of Xianshuihe fault, eastern Kunlun fault, Longriba fault, Minjiang fault and Huya fault respectively; also the Coulomb stress on the fault plane of the Yushu earthquake was faintly increased; (4) We defined the recurrence interval as the time needed to accumulate the magnitude of the stress drop, and the recurrence interval of Wenchuan earthquake was estimated about 1 714 a to 2 143 a correspondingly. 相似文献
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本文基于三维孔隙弹性理论,建立了紫坪铺水库及周边地区的有限元模型.根据紫坪铺水库开始蓄水到汶川地震发震时刻的水位变化情况,计算了整个区域的孔隙压力和库仑应力.详细讨论了断层及周围地层的弹性模量和扩散系数对计算结果的影响.计算结果表明:从弹性角度看,断层的弹性模量对汶川地震震源处的库仑应力影响很小;震源处的库仑应力随着断层和周围地层的扩散系数增大而增大.当给定弹性模量和扩散系数代表性值的时候,计算结果表明在汶川地震发震时刻,震源处的库仑应力变化量为+1 kPa左右,这表明紫坪铺水库使得汶川地震发震断层更加危险.是否这个量级的库仑应力就能够触发汶川地震还需要进一步探讨.通过分析库区周边小震的分布,发现小震分布区域均是库仑应力增加的地区,因此紫坪铺水库周边的小震应该与紫坪铺水库蓄水有直接关系. 相似文献
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基于现代无金属结构设计理念,首次提出了平原地区玄筋混凝土沉井式结构立体地磁记录室设计研究方案,该方案较传统设计在地磁记录室温差控制能力方面有大幅度的提高,可以为记录仪器提供稳定的温度工作环境;真正实现了"地磁观测",地下深层空间观测可以有效的屏蔽地表及外空间的大量干扰因素,地磁台站占地面积可明显减小,该地磁观测室观测资料的质量将会产生飞跃。 相似文献
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Due to the randomness of earthquake wave magnitude and direction, and the uncertain direction of strong axis and weak axis in the construction of engineering structures, the effect of the direction of ground motion on a structure are studied herein. Ground motion records usually contain three vertical ground motion data, which are obtained by sensors arranged in accordance with the EW(East-West) direction, NS(South- North) direction and perpendicular to the surface(z) direction, referring to the construction standard of seismic stations. The seismic records in the EW and NS directions are converted to Cartesian coordinates in accordance with the rotation of θ = 0°-180°, and consequently, a countless group of new ground motion time histories are obtained. Then, the characteristics of the ground motion time history and response spectrum of each group were studied, resulting in the following observations:(1) the peak and phase of ground motion are changed with the rotation of direction θ, so that the direction θ of the maximum peak ground motion can be determined;(2) response spectrum values of each group of ground motions change along with the direction θ, and their peak, predominant period and declining curve are also different as the changes occur; then, the angle θ in the direction of the maximum peak value or the widest predominant period can be determined; and(3) the seismic response of structures with different directions of ground motion inputs has been analyzed under the same earthquake record, and the results show the difference. For some ground motion records, such as the Taft seismic wave, these differences are significant. Next, the Lushan middle school gymnasium structure was analyzed and the calculation was checked using the proposed method, where the internal force of the upper space truss varied from 25% to 28%. The research results presented herein can be used for reference in choosing the ground motion when checking the actual damage to structures following earthquakes and explaining the seismic damage. Meanwhile, it also provides a reference value for research into the most severe ground motion. 相似文献
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在结构抗震设计和分析中,地震地面运动特性(用幅值、频谱特性和持时表示)的变异性对于结构地震需求的影响最大.震害经验表明,各类结构的震害均表现为这三个基本要素综合影响的结果.因此,从地震工程学和结构抗震两个方面,对国内外结构地震需求分析研究现状进行了较为全面的论述,包括分析方法、研究内容、影响因素等,重点论述了地面运动三要素对结构地震需求的影响,提出了存在的问题和今后尚需开展的研究工作. 相似文献