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闽中地区绿片岩的微量元素地球化学及其形成的构造背景 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
闽中地区前寒武纪龙北溪组绿片岩沿政和－大埔断裂带分布。常量元素研究表明,绿片岩的原岩为苦橄玄武岩和玄武岩。研究区内前寒武纪变质酸性火山岩常与这些基性火山岩伴生,具有“双峰式”大陆裂谷火山岩特征。本区绿片岩的微量元素地球化学特征不同于洋中脊玄武岩（MORB）及火山弧玄武岩（VAB）,具有较高浓度的大离子半径亲岩不同于洋中脊玄武岩（MORB）及火山弧玄武岩（VAB）,具有较高浓度的大离子半径亲岩元素(LILE),如K、Rb、Ba、Zr直至Ti;REE球性陨石标准模式圈为富LREE类型。δEu无异常到弱异常。利用Ti－Zr－Y,Nb－Zr－Y图判别,绿片岩为板内拉斑玄武岩(WPT)。因此,绿片岩原岩为大陆拉斑玄武岩,其形成的构造背景为大陆裂谷。这一结果对进一步研究政和一大埔断裂带性质以及华南地区构造演化具有重要意义。 相似文献
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根据主量元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学研究结果,觉罗塔格构造带中企鹅山群火山岩企鹅山群火山岩分为拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性玄武岩,拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性玄武岩均具有高铝、低钛和相对富集轻稀土元素（LREE）、大离子亲石元素的特征,与典型的岛弧玄武岩相似。钙碱性玄武岩具有显著的Eu的负异常,其不相容元素含量显著高于拉斑玄武岩,在La/Sm-La图解中,钙碱性玄武岩为结晶分异作用的产物,拉斑玄武岩则为平衡部分熔融的产物。Sr-Nd同位素特征表明企鹅山群火山岩源自亏损地幔。在玄武岩构造环境判别图中样品均落入岛弧玄武岩范围内。通过综合该区岩石组合特征、地球化学特征、地球物理特征,认为企鹅山群为康古尔洋壳向北俯冲在大南湖岛弧南侧形成的石炭纪岛弧火山岩。 相似文献
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狮泉河-永珠-嘉黎蛇绿混杂岩带的构造属性及其与班公湖-怒江缝合带演化的关系,是了解班公湖-怒江洋中生代构造演化的关键.对隆巴俄桑地区的玄武岩和安山玢岩脉开展了岩石地球化学研究.结果表明,玄武岩属拉斑玄武岩系列,富集LREE和大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr、Pb等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti,与岛弧拉斑玄武岩特征一致.安山玢岩脉属拉斑玄武岩系列,有向钙碱系列演化的趋势,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Sr、Pb、U等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,显示岛弧成因岩浆岩地球化学特征,低ΣREE（11.8×10-6~13.8×10-6）,（La/Yb）N=0.37~0.43,亏损LREE,与N-MORB相似,具有岛弧岩浆岩（IAB）和正常洋中脊玄武岩（N-MORB）双重特征,与不成熟的弧后盆地玄武岩（BABB）特征一致.综合区域地质资料认为,隆巴俄桑玄武岩和安山玢岩形成的构造环境均与俯冲相关,可能分别形成于班公湖-怒江洋壳南向俯冲消减相关的洋内或者活动大陆边缘的岛弧环境和不成熟的弧后盆地环境,是中侏罗至早白垩世期间班公湖-怒江洋壳南向俯冲消减的再循环的产物. 相似文献
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Kent C. Condie 《Earth》1976,12(4):393-417
Progressive alteration, diagenesis, and low-grade metamorphism of Archean greenstone belts often leads to redistribution of alkali and related trace elements. Transition metals and rare earths are relatively resistant to these processes and hence are most useful in evaluating petrologic problems.Depleted Archean tholeiite (DAT) exhibits flat REE distributions and low LIL-element contents while enriched Archean tholeiite (EAT) exhibits slightly enriched REE patterns and moderate LIL-element contents. DAT is grossly similar to modern rise and are tholeiites and EAT to cale-alkaline and oceanic island tholeiites. Archean and esites fall into three categories: depleted Archean andesite (DAA) exhibits flat REE patterns, negative Eu anomalies and low LIL-element contents; low-alkali Archean andesite (LAA) shows minor light REE enrichment and low LIL-element contents; and high-alkali Archean andesite (HAA) shows light REE enrichment and high LIL-element contents. LAA is grossly similar to modern cale-alkaline andesites, but DAA and HAA do not have modern analogues. Archean depleted siliceous volcanics (DSV) exhibit depletion in heavy REE and Y compared to modern siliceous volcanics whereas undepleted varieties (USV) are similar to modern ones. Almost all Archean volcanic rocks, regardless of composition, are enriched in transition metals compared to modern varieties. Archean graywackes are similar in composition to Phanerozoic graywackes. Rock associations in Archean greenstones suggest the existence of two tectonic settings.Magma model studies indicate that partial melting has left the strongest imprint on trace-element distributions in greenstone volcanics. Three magma source rocks are necessary (listed in order of decreasing importance): ultramafic rock, eclogite, and siliceous granulite. Trace-element studies of Archean graywackes indicate a mixed volcanic—granitic provenance with minor ultramafic contributions.Alkali and related trace-element contents of Archean volcanics have been interpreted in terms of both undepleted and depleted upper mantle sources. Preferential enrichment of transition metals in Archean volcanics may have resulted from upward movement of immiscible liquid sulfide droplets with Archean magmas, depleting the source area in these elements. Initial Sr isotope distributions in Archean volcanics indicate the upper mantle during the Archean was heterogeneous in terms of its Rb/Sr ratio. 相似文献
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阿尔泰诺尔特地区地层—岩浆—构造轮廓初析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
新疆阿尔泰北部诺尔特地区的地质轮廓主要形成于海西期，地层主要由上泥盆统和下石炭统组成，岩石以沉积碎屑岩为主，夹火山碎屑岩和熔岩。沉积厚度较大，并且具粗砂岩、细砂岩和粉砂岩反复出现的韵律特征。诺尔特地区的火山岩为海西早、中期形成，早期形成岩屑、晶屑凝灰岩和英安岩，海西中期形成石英斑岩和凝灰岩，前者以中性为主，后者则偏酸性；在构造分区图上投点表明，前者落在Ａ区，属非造山带火山岩，后者落在Ｂ区，属造山带及岛弧火山岩区；稀土配分型式表明，海西早期火山岩的铕异常明显，海西中期火山岩的铕异常不明显。诺尔特地区花岗岩属海西晚期产物，数量不多，通过ＡＲ─ＳｉＯ２图、Ｋ—Ｎａ─Ｃａ图、ＡＣＦ图等图解的分析表明，它们属碱性岩浆成因的Ｓ型花岗岩，稀土元素配分型式显示花岗岩分界明显，但曲线平缓，分异不彻底。诺尔特地区地质构造演化的基本轮廓：早期是一种类似坳拉谷的环境；中期逐步闭合并抬升；晚期裂谷完全闭合，整个地区露出水面接受剥蚀。 相似文献
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义敦岛弧带弧后区板内岩浆作用的时代及意义 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
通过对义敦岛弧夏囊沟一带酸性火山岩的岩石地球化学和Rb-Sr同位素研究,首次在该岛弧弧后区确立了一条板内火山岩带.这些火山岩属钾玄岩系列,以高K2O,低CaO,富Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf,贫Sr、Eu为特点,具标准的"V"型稀土元素配分型式,构造环境判别图解显示其形成于板内裂陷环境.由4个全岩样品给出的Rb-Sr等时线年龄t=189.2±5.0 Ma,相关系数R=0.999?824,ISr=0.714?578.认为火山岩的成分分异受斜长石在岩浆源区熔融残留和岩浆形成后黑云母的结晶分离双重控制.位于该带东侧弧后扩张盆地中的晚三叠世勉戈组双峰火山岩的形成年龄为213.1 Ma,说明该岛弧仅仅在24 Ma左右时限内就完成了从俯冲造弧到板内裂陷的重大转换,由此可对该岛弧带的碰撞造山过程和演化时序做出精确约束. 相似文献
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Mineral chemistry, major and trace elements, and 87Sr/86Sr ratios are presented for 29 igneous rocks dredged from the northern portion of the Izu-Ogasawara arc. These rocks are compositionally bimodal. Basement gabbro and trondhjemite from the arc are extremely poor in K2O (0.05–0.19%) and Rb (0.48–0.62 ppm), and their REE patterns and Sr isotope ratios indicate that there are island arc tholeiites. Quaternary volcanic rocks from the present volcanic front (Shichito Ridge; active arc), back-arc seamounts (east side; inactive arc) and Torishima knoll between the two back-arc depressions (incipient back-arc basins) behind the active arc have the same geochemical characteristics as the above plutonic rocks though they are not as depleted in K and Rb. Rhyolite pumice from the backarc depression is also the depleted island arc tholeiite, whereas basalts from the depression have compositions that are transitional between MORB and island arc tholeiites in trace element (Ti, Ni, Cr, V, Y and Zr) and mineral chemistries. The back-arc depression basalts have relatively high BaN/CeN(0.66–1.24), Cen/YbN(1.1–1.9) and K/Ba(45–105) and low 87Sr/86Sr (0.70302–0.70332) and Ba/Sr (0.1–0.2), which are similar to other back-arc basin basalts and E-type MORB, but are quite unlike the depleted island arc tholeiites. The diverse trace element and Sr isotope compositions of basalt-andesite from the back-arc depressions imply the interplay between E-type MORB and island arc tholeiite. These chemical characteristics and the relationships of (Ce/Yb)N vs (Ba/Ce)N and (Ce/Yb)N vs 87Sr/86Sr suggest that the back-arc depression magmas are generated by mixing of E-type MORB and depleted island arc tholeiite magmas. Geochemical characters of the associated rhyolite from the depression are compatible with partial melting of lower crust. 相似文献
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通过对分布于勉略构造带中段三岔子西侧中堂沟地区的火山岩进行详实的野外地质剖面调查,发现其为一套绿片岩相浅变质火山岩,岩石组合以变安山岩为主,含有少量的变玄武岩和变英安岩,主体为钙碱性系列。岩石地球化学研究表明3类岩石均具有轻稀土富集型稀土配分曲线,并显示弱的Eu负异常;微量元素方面,岩石普遍富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、Ba,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,相对亏损P、Ti,不活动微量元素Zr、Hf、Tb、Y等既无明显的相对亏损也无显著的相对富集。在La-La/Nb、Nb-Nb/Th和La/Yb-Sc/Ni等环境判别图解中,变玄武岩和变安山岩样品点均落在岛弧火山岩范围内,并结合其岩石组合特征指示该套火山岩应形成于大陆边缘弧(活动陆缘)环境。其中变玄武岩和变安山岩岩浆起源于楔形地幔的部分熔融,且有陆壳物质的参与;变英安岩的形成则与壳源物质的部分熔融有关。 相似文献
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The Archean greenstone belts of the Nyanzian System in western Kenya are composed principally of andesite with minor tholeiitic basalt and siliceous volcanics. The Nyanzian tholeiite is an intermediate-K tholeiite with a flat REE pattern. There are two chemically-distinct andesites: a low-K andesite (Andesite I) and a high-K andesite (Andesite II). The REE pattern of the Andesite II is enriched in light REE and depleted in heavy REE relative to Andesite I.Major and trace element calculations indicate an origin for the Nyanzian tholeiite by 35–40% equilibrium melting of a lherzolite source followed by 10% shallow fractional crystallization. Similar calculations best explain Andesite I and Andesite II by 20 and 5% melting, respectively, of an ecologite or garnet amphibolite source of Nyanzian tholeiite composition. The rhyolite may have formed either by 20–30% partial melting of a siliceous granulite or by 20–30% fractional crystallization of a granodiorite parent magma.With respect to total exposure areas, the Nyanzian volcanics have significantly less tholeiite and more Andesite and siliceous volcanics than other Archean greenstone belts. If these abundances are representative, two models are proposed to explain the anomalous abundances of Andesite and siliceous volcanics. The first model involves an Archaen upper mantle with a relatively low geothermal gradient beneath Kenya, while the second model involves a relatively cool mantle plume. Both models inhibit ascent of a significant amount of primary tholeiite to the surface and prevent formation of secondary tholeiite. Other Archean greenstone terranes with higher mantle geotherms or hotter mantle plumes would receive higher proportions of mafic and ultramafic magmas. 相似文献
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分布于甘肃北山北亚带西缘（双沟山—马鞍山北一带）的泥盆纪火山岩主要为一套浅变质的安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩,局部见少量玄武岩。岩石硅碱成分显示为钙碱性系列,钠质类型;稀土总量为（65．48×10^-6～196．69×10^-6）。属轻稀土富集型,稀土配分型式为右倾曲线;微量元素配分型式类似于岛弧及活动大陆边缘特征,具明显的ULE富集和Nb、Ti等的亏损;同时,从基性到中性熔岩的εNd（t）均为正值（6．46～6．59）,暗示其源区类似亏损地幔源区。Y-Nb和Rb-（Y＋Nb）构造判别图解显示本区中酸性火山岩形成于岛弧环境。综合分析火山岩的岩石学、地球化学特征,并结合区域构造背景,认为该套火山岩产于活动大陆边缘岛弧带环境,属俯冲型火山作用,形成于俯冲造山带的构造背景。 相似文献
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岩石化学、地球化学资料表明,古太古代陈台沟蛇绿岩由绿泥滑石片岩和蛇纹岩（橄榄岩）、角闪岩类岩石（拉斑玄武岩）、石英岩（远洋深海硅质岩）组成,它们具备蛇绿岩套层序的基本特征,可能为古太古代洋壳残片.陈台沟蛇绿岩具有贫硅、贫碱、低钛,而富铁、镁,稀土总量很低的特点.微量元素分析结果表明该蛇绿岩中的玄武岩富集K、Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Hf等高场强元素,具有岛弧型火山岩的特点,其在稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图解中主要显示平坦型曲线.陈台沟蛇绿岩的形成环境可能为岛弧环境. 相似文献
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甘肃南祁连褶皱带党河南山早奥陶纪火山岩主要赋存于吾力沟群中。地球化学研究结果表明,本区火山岩由基性火山岩和中性火山岩组成,基性火山岩分属拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性玄武岩,而中性火山岩则属钙碱性安山岩。它们均具有低TiO2、MgO,选择性富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、Ba、Sr)和轻稀土元素(La、Ce、Sm),具有较高的高价大阳离子比值和Nb的强烈亏损,岩石学和地球化学特征表明本区火山岩形成于岛弧环境。 相似文献
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中条山铜矿峪斑岩型铜矿床位于秦岭造山带北端,矿体主要赋存于变质花岗闪长斑岩、黑云母片岩和变质基性火山岩中。矿区内含铜岩系的全岩地球化学分析显示,主量元素表明矿区的含铜岩系均表现出富钾、富铝的特征;微量元素表明所有样品均显示出相对富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba等),亏损高场强元素(P、Y、Ti、Nb、Ta等),反映岩浆源区可能遭受过俯冲带流体的交代作用,具有岛弧玄武岩的地球化学特征;稀土元素特征显示出明显的轻重稀土分馏,轻稀土富集,所有样品都表现出弱的铕负异常。研究认为,变质花岗斑岩、黑云母片岩和绢英岩的原岩初步定为钙碱性玄武岩或拉斑玄武岩,铜矿峪铜矿床形成于挤压与拉张构造环境的转换阶段,其成因类型应属于斑岩型铜矿床。 相似文献
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陕西商南松树沟两类正角闪岩的地球化学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陕西商南松树沟地区内正角闪岩有榴闪岩—角闪石岩和斜长角闪岩两类。原岩分别为榴辉岩—辉石岩侵入体和拉班玄武岩岩流。稀土和微量元素及锶氧同位素特征表明,两类原岩是两种独立岩浆演化的产物,类似于板内环境产出的洋岛玄武岩(OIB)或初始裂谷玄武岩(IRB),地层归属于早元古宙秦岭群。两类原岩可能是早元古宙板内热点岩浆建造。 相似文献
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蛇绿岩生成构造环境的Ba-Th-Nb-La判别图 总被引：58，自引：24，他引：58
Pearce的Ti-Zr-Y图不能很好区分洋脊和岛弧玄武岩,Ti对岩浆分离结晶作用很敏感,因此用这个图判别蛇绿岩生成构造环境效果不好,本文利用分配系数相近的Ba,Th,Nb,La四个非常不相容元素的(Ba/Nb)-Ba,(Nb/Th)-Nb,(La/Nb)-La和(Ba/Nb)-(Th/Nb)图解很好区分了洋脊、岛弧、洋岛玄武岩。弧后盆玄武岩同时具有洋脊和岛弧玄武岩的特征。这些元素在海水蚀变中较稳定,它们的比值在分离结晶过程中保持不变,因此这些图解有利于判别蛇绿岩(包括熔岩和均质辉长岩)生成的构造环境。 相似文献
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