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1.
对热液金矿含金热液的流体来源、金的赋存形式、金的迁移和沉淀机理进行了总结。岩浆热液、大气水及变质热液是含
金热液的主要来源。金的迁移过程与金的赋存状态有较为密切的关系。金以热液迁移为主,金在热液中的赋存形式主要为金-硫
络合物及金-氯络合物,这其中最为重要的是Au(HS)-2 、AuHS以及AuCl-2 。但是对火山气体及含金流体包裹体的研究表明,金
还可以通过气体的方式迁移,并有可能形成具有经济意义的矿床。金在气体中的主要赋存形式为AuCl·(H2O)3-5和AuS·
(H2S)1-2或者是AuHS·(H2S)1-2,其溶解度与气体中H2O、HCl和H2S的逸度成正比。CO2 对金的迁移也具有重要作用,能够
使金迁移得更远。纳米金的发现,拓宽了找金思路并进一步证明了气体及胶体对金迁移的重要性。金的沉淀与含金介质物理化
学条件的改变有关,其主要沉淀机制包括:①温压条件的改变;②流体沸腾及相分离;③流体-围岩反应及流体混合。 相似文献
金热液的主要来源。金的迁移过程与金的赋存状态有较为密切的关系。金以热液迁移为主,金在热液中的赋存形式主要为金-硫
络合物及金-氯络合物,这其中最为重要的是Au(HS)-2 、AuHS以及AuCl-2 。但是对火山气体及含金流体包裹体的研究表明,金
还可以通过气体的方式迁移,并有可能形成具有经济意义的矿床。金在气体中的主要赋存形式为AuCl·(H2O)3-5和AuS·
(H2S)1-2或者是AuHS·(H2S)1-2,其溶解度与气体中H2O、HCl和H2S的逸度成正比。CO2 对金的迁移也具有重要作用,能够
使金迁移得更远。纳米金的发现,拓宽了找金思路并进一步证明了气体及胶体对金迁移的重要性。金的沉淀与含金介质物理化
学条件的改变有关,其主要沉淀机制包括:①温压条件的改变;②流体沸腾及相分离;③流体-围岩反应及流体混合。 相似文献
2.
马岭岩体是大埠岩体的一部分,大埠岩体已发现有铀、钨(锡)矿产。地球化学特征显示马岭花岗岩属陆内S型花岗岩,
呈钙碱性、过铝质,具富硅[w(SiO2)为73.73%~75.73%]、略富碱[w (K2O+Na2O)为7.63%~8.63%]、高钾[w (K2O)为
3.99%~5.60%]和低钙[w(CaO)为0.239%~0.662%]特点,铝饱和指数A/NCK为1.04~1.20。稀土元素配分曲线呈LREE
富集、HREE亏损,具强负铕异常的“V”字型,大离子亲石元素富集,Ba、Sr、P、Ti亏损,Al2O3/TiO2 比值>100,低Sr高Yb的特
征表明马岭花岗岩体形成是古老陆壳物质部分熔融的产物,原岩部分熔融的温度<875℃,岩体形成时的压力较低、深度较浅。结
合华南成矿花岗岩地球化学特征分析,马岭花岗岩体具铀、钨(锡)矿成矿潜力。 相似文献
呈钙碱性、过铝质,具富硅[w(SiO2)为73.73%~75.73%]、略富碱[w (K2O+Na2O)为7.63%~8.63%]、高钾[w (K2O)为
3.99%~5.60%]和低钙[w(CaO)为0.239%~0.662%]特点,铝饱和指数A/NCK为1.04~1.20。稀土元素配分曲线呈LREE
富集、HREE亏损,具强负铕异常的“V”字型,大离子亲石元素富集,Ba、Sr、P、Ti亏损,Al2O3/TiO2 比值>100,低Sr高Yb的特
征表明马岭花岗岩体形成是古老陆壳物质部分熔融的产物,原岩部分熔融的温度<875℃,岩体形成时的压力较低、深度较浅。结
合华南成矿花岗岩地球化学特征分析,马岭花岗岩体具铀、钨(锡)矿成矿潜力。 相似文献
3.
磁海辉绿岩型铁矿位于塔里木北缘北山裂谷带,主要岩石类型为辉绿岩,岩石具有较高的Mg# (55.7~70.1)、中铝
Al2O3(13.75~14.65)特征,Na2O/K2O(1.79~14.04)变化较大,整体属于钙碱性系列(K2O/Na2O=0.07~0.56,FeO/MgO=
0.77~1.46)。稀土元素方面,磁海辉绿岩具有较高的稀土元素质量分数和δEu异常特征[w(ΣREE)=88.01×10-6~213.07×
10-6,δEu=0.63~1.44],球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式为缓右倾型[(La/Yb)N=1.32~3.87,(La/Sm)N=1.05~2.17,
(Gd/Yb)N=1.12~1.58],微量元素上选择性富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta)。岩浆演化过程中斜长石
和单斜辉石的分离结晶作用是岩浆演化的主要机制,同时伴有较为明显的地壳混染作用。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学指示该
辉绿岩形成于约291.9Ma,构造环境分析表明磁海辉绿岩为板内拉张环境的产物。 相似文献
Al2O3(13.75~14.65)特征,Na2O/K2O(1.79~14.04)变化较大,整体属于钙碱性系列(K2O/Na2O=0.07~0.56,FeO/MgO=
0.77~1.46)。稀土元素方面,磁海辉绿岩具有较高的稀土元素质量分数和δEu异常特征[w(ΣREE)=88.01×10-6~213.07×
10-6,δEu=0.63~1.44],球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式为缓右倾型[(La/Yb)N=1.32~3.87,(La/Sm)N=1.05~2.17,
(Gd/Yb)N=1.12~1.58],微量元素上选择性富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta)。岩浆演化过程中斜长石
和单斜辉石的分离结晶作用是岩浆演化的主要机制,同时伴有较为明显的地壳混染作用。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学指示该
辉绿岩形成于约291.9Ma,构造环境分析表明磁海辉绿岩为板内拉张环境的产物。 相似文献
4.
西藏则学地区在构造上属冈底斯弧背断隆带。以西藏则学地区俄穷瓦二长岩体为研究对象,从野外地质、岩石学、LAICP-
MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学特征等方面对其进行了研究。结果表明,俄穷瓦岩体的岩石类型主要为细粒黑云母石英二
长岩,次为细粒黑云母二长岩。形成于晚白垩世(K2),其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(85.58±0.66)~(81.78±0.74)Ma。主
量元素表现出低硅[w(SiO2)=62.31%~66.59%]、富Al[w(Al2O3)=14.96%~16.02%]、高K[w(K2O)=3.38%~4.33%]、
低Ti[w(TiO2)=0.68%~0.99%]和高钾钙碱性系列的岩石地球化学成分特征;稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土元素强烈富集的右
倾型,其(La/Yb)N 为20.70~27.20,具中等程度的负铕异常(Eu/Eu* =0.64~0.74);微量元素显示出富Rb、Th、U元素和强烈
亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti元素的特点。俄穷瓦二长岩体形成于陆缘弧环境,是雅江洋板片北向俯冲于拉萨地体之下所形成的冈底斯弧
背断隆带(GRUB)中燕山晚期构造-岩浆活动的岩浆产物。 相似文献
MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学特征等方面对其进行了研究。结果表明,俄穷瓦岩体的岩石类型主要为细粒黑云母石英二
长岩,次为细粒黑云母二长岩。形成于晚白垩世(K2),其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(85.58±0.66)~(81.78±0.74)Ma。主
量元素表现出低硅[w(SiO2)=62.31%~66.59%]、富Al[w(Al2O3)=14.96%~16.02%]、高K[w(K2O)=3.38%~4.33%]、
低Ti[w(TiO2)=0.68%~0.99%]和高钾钙碱性系列的岩石地球化学成分特征;稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土元素强烈富集的右
倾型,其(La/Yb)N 为20.70~27.20,具中等程度的负铕异常(Eu/Eu* =0.64~0.74);微量元素显示出富Rb、Th、U元素和强烈
亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti元素的特点。俄穷瓦二长岩体形成于陆缘弧环境,是雅江洋板片北向俯冲于拉萨地体之下所形成的冈底斯弧
背断隆带(GRUB)中燕山晚期构造-岩浆活动的岩浆产物。 相似文献
5.
高氯酸盐(ClO- 4 )是一种新型的持久性污染物,痕量的ClO- 4 即可危害人体的健康。中国地下水中ClO- 4 的污染防治
研究迫在眉睫,污染来源解析是其首要解决的关键问题。现阶段的研究表明,ClO- 4? 的氯(δ37Cl、36Cl/Cl)和氧(δ18O、Δ17O)多元
同位素的综合信息为地下水中ClO- 4 来源及其迁移转化规律的示踪提供了一种重要的工具。ClO- 4? 的氯、氧同位素的测试技术、
分馏机理及其对地下水中ClO- 4? 的溯源应用等方面取得了创新性的成果,为我国有效开展地下水中ClO- 4? 来源的定性识别与定
量评价研究提供了技术支撑和科学依据。然而,现有的研究成果具有明显的地域局限性,不同区域ClO- 4 来源的氯、氧同位素特
征值的丰富与端元模型的完善,特别是人工合成的ClO- 4? 来源的有效解析,具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。 相似文献
研究迫在眉睫,污染来源解析是其首要解决的关键问题。现阶段的研究表明,ClO- 4? 的氯(δ37Cl、36Cl/Cl)和氧(δ18O、Δ17O)多元
同位素的综合信息为地下水中ClO- 4 来源及其迁移转化规律的示踪提供了一种重要的工具。ClO- 4? 的氯、氧同位素的测试技术、
分馏机理及其对地下水中ClO- 4? 的溯源应用等方面取得了创新性的成果,为我国有效开展地下水中ClO- 4? 来源的定性识别与定
量评价研究提供了技术支撑和科学依据。然而,现有的研究成果具有明显的地域局限性,不同区域ClO- 4 来源的氯、氧同位素特
征值的丰富与端元模型的完善,特别是人工合成的ClO- 4? 来源的有效解析,具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。 相似文献
6.
对镍的基本化学特征、赋存状态、分配系数、运移和沉淀机理进行了总结。镍是典型的过渡族元素,具有亲铁和亲硫双重属性,主要赋存在地核与地幔之中。自然界中,镍通常以吸附、类质同象和独立矿物的形式存在,并且在早期结晶的矿物中镍的含量要高于晚期结晶的矿物。在不同的体系中镍表现出不同的分配系数及相容性,且随着温度、压力和氧逸度而变化。镍在水溶液中很不活泼,但是Cl的加入会增加镍的溶解度并形成\[NiCli(H2O)6-i]2-i、[NiCl2(H2O)2]和[NiCl3(H2O)\]-等络合物。镍一般随着幔源岩浆上涌,受到重力分异作用的影响后赋存在铁镁质和超铁镁质岩体的下盘,以硫化物矿石的形式存在。 相似文献
7.
肖打松多花岗闪长岩位于西藏冈底斯花岗岩带中段以南,主要岩石类型有:细中粒黑云母(角闪石)花岗闪长岩、细中粒
含斑黑云母(角闪石)花岗闪长岩、细中粒斑状黑云母(角闪石)花岗闪长岩,岩石具钙碱性特征,w(SiO2)=61.58%~72.16%,
w(K2O)/w(Na2O)=0.64~1.15,相对富钠,A/CNK=1.25~1.43,w(Al2O3)变化于11.45%~16.00%之间,为准铝质岩石,花
岗闪长岩岩体稀土元素总量w(ΣREE)变化于152.10×10-6~251.22×10-6之间;轻稀土元素富集,负Eu异常较明显,以富K、
Rb、Ba、Th等大离子亲石元素和亏损Nb、Y、Yb等高场强元素为特征。岩石学和岩石地球化学研究表明,该时期的花岗闪长岩具
俯冲I型花岗岩的特点,形成于板块俯冲下的岛弧环境。用SHRIMP测定肖打松多花岗闪长岩体锆石的U-Pb年龄为(191.9±
1.1)Ma。同时表明冈底斯岩浆弧带在早侏罗世岩浆曾经剧烈地活动过,肖打松多岩体是新特提斯洋向北俯冲作用的产物。 相似文献
含斑黑云母(角闪石)花岗闪长岩、细中粒斑状黑云母(角闪石)花岗闪长岩,岩石具钙碱性特征,w(SiO2)=61.58%~72.16%,
w(K2O)/w(Na2O)=0.64~1.15,相对富钠,A/CNK=1.25~1.43,w(Al2O3)变化于11.45%~16.00%之间,为准铝质岩石,花
岗闪长岩岩体稀土元素总量w(ΣREE)变化于152.10×10-6~251.22×10-6之间;轻稀土元素富集,负Eu异常较明显,以富K、
Rb、Ba、Th等大离子亲石元素和亏损Nb、Y、Yb等高场强元素为特征。岩石学和岩石地球化学研究表明,该时期的花岗闪长岩具
俯冲I型花岗岩的特点,形成于板块俯冲下的岛弧环境。用SHRIMP测定肖打松多花岗闪长岩体锆石的U-Pb年龄为(191.9±
1.1)Ma。同时表明冈底斯岩浆弧带在早侏罗世岩浆曾经剧烈地活动过,肖打松多岩体是新特提斯洋向北俯冲作用的产物。 相似文献
8.
:三叠系延长组长61 时期,鄂尔多斯盆地安塞三角洲广泛发育于浅水台地之上,沉积以细砂岩为主的似块状连片厚砂
体。厚砂体内部叠置多期单砂体,横、纵向上物性差异明显,造成剩余油分布复杂,因此对储层厚砂体进行精细解剖尤为重要。首
先论证了单砂体对水淹的控制作用及单砂体刻画的必要性;结合实际开发状况制定了一套小层细分方案。在识别出水下分流河
道、河口坝和溢岸砂等不同沉积微相的基础上,从沉积微相组合的角度,将长61 分为主力河道、分支河道和河道间3类相带;同时
进一步分析了不同期次、不同成因单砂体间包括河道切割河口坝、削截式、侧向拼接、侧向斜叠和堆叠等组合模式;最后总结了长
61 的地质沉积模式和长611的砂体沉积特征:长61 时期的安塞三角洲是快速进积的建设性三角洲,长611为砂包泥的拼合板状,长621则为泥包砂的迷宫状;长611沉积以多种规模的水下分流河道为主体的条带状砂体,河口坝不发育或残留发育。 相似文献
体。厚砂体内部叠置多期单砂体,横、纵向上物性差异明显,造成剩余油分布复杂,因此对储层厚砂体进行精细解剖尤为重要。首
先论证了单砂体对水淹的控制作用及单砂体刻画的必要性;结合实际开发状况制定了一套小层细分方案。在识别出水下分流河
道、河口坝和溢岸砂等不同沉积微相的基础上,从沉积微相组合的角度,将长61 分为主力河道、分支河道和河道间3类相带;同时
进一步分析了不同期次、不同成因单砂体间包括河道切割河口坝、削截式、侧向拼接、侧向斜叠和堆叠等组合模式;最后总结了长
61 的地质沉积模式和长611的砂体沉积特征:长61 时期的安塞三角洲是快速进积的建设性三角洲,长611为砂包泥的拼合板状,长621则为泥包砂的迷宫状;长611沉积以多种规模的水下分流河道为主体的条带状砂体,河口坝不发育或残留发育。 相似文献
9.
20世纪80年代零通量面方法在我国应用中解决了“四水”转化研究中参数不确定性带来的问题,发现在降水入渗补给
地下水过程中土壤总水势梯度大于1.0cmH2O/cm,且逐渐降低,流入、流出被监测土层的水量相等时土壤总水势梯度趋近于1.0
cm H2O/cm。20世纪90年代,利用土壤水势与含水量之间量化关系,指导了农业节水灌溉,提出在灌溉过程中土壤水势梯度等
于1.0cm H2O/cm的时间持续愈长,表明过剩灌溉而浪费的水量愈多的认识。进入21世纪以来,水势理论较广泛地用来解决土
壤水盐分运移数值模拟与入渗模型中水文地质参数问题和降水入渗土壤水势运移微观机理研究,并发现表聚型、中聚型和底聚型
土壤盐分剖面的水动力学特征。通过土壤水动力场调控改变土壤水盐(养分或污染物)运移是未来重要研究方向。 相似文献
地下水过程中土壤总水势梯度大于1.0cmH2O/cm,且逐渐降低,流入、流出被监测土层的水量相等时土壤总水势梯度趋近于1.0
cm H2O/cm。20世纪90年代,利用土壤水势与含水量之间量化关系,指导了农业节水灌溉,提出在灌溉过程中土壤水势梯度等
于1.0cm H2O/cm的时间持续愈长,表明过剩灌溉而浪费的水量愈多的认识。进入21世纪以来,水势理论较广泛地用来解决土
壤水盐分运移数值模拟与入渗模型中水文地质参数问题和降水入渗土壤水势运移微观机理研究,并发现表聚型、中聚型和底聚型
土壤盐分剖面的水动力学特征。通过土壤水动力场调控改变土壤水盐(养分或污染物)运移是未来重要研究方向。 相似文献
10.
榍石是花岗岩,尤其是钙碱性花岗岩中常见的副矿物之一。利用背散射图像和电子探针成分分析对粤北大宝山矿区岩
心样品(次英安斑岩)中的榍石进行了系统的矿物学研究。结果表明,研究区榍石可分为岩浆榍石和次生(热液)榍石两类,其中岩
浆榍石为自形至半自形,颗粒较大,具环带结构,平均w(Al2O3)=1.24%,w(TiO2)=38.10%,w(F)=0.40%;次生(热液)榍石
与绿泥石等蚀变矿物共生,多呈它形,平均w(Al2O3)=2.44%,w(TiO2)=36.02%,w(F)=1.00%。榍石的不同世代、成因、副
矿物组合特征等可以揭示花岗岩的形成条件、演化历史,且对判别花岗岩的成因类型具有重要意义。 相似文献
心样品(次英安斑岩)中的榍石进行了系统的矿物学研究。结果表明,研究区榍石可分为岩浆榍石和次生(热液)榍石两类,其中岩
浆榍石为自形至半自形,颗粒较大,具环带结构,平均w(Al2O3)=1.24%,w(TiO2)=38.10%,w(F)=0.40%;次生(热液)榍石
与绿泥石等蚀变矿物共生,多呈它形,平均w(Al2O3)=2.44%,w(TiO2)=36.02%,w(F)=1.00%。榍石的不同世代、成因、副
矿物组合特征等可以揭示花岗岩的形成条件、演化历史,且对判别花岗岩的成因类型具有重要意义。 相似文献
11.
The contents of nearly forty-elements in surface sediments in Jiaozhou Bay were determined using a Neutron Activation Analysis Technique(Grancini,et al.,1976;Li Peiquan et al.,1985,1986;Li Xiuxia etal.,1986).This paper's detailed discussion on only nine elements(Fe,Mn,Co,Cr,Sc,As,Sb,Zn andV)includes their distributions,concentrations,correlationships,material sources,background,etc.Based on Zavaristski's classification method,Fe,Mn,Co Cr and V belong to the second group;As and Sb to theeighth groups:Sc and Zn to the third and sixth groups.It was found that their notably good correla-tionship is mainly due to the similarity of their ionic structures and that their variation is controlled by theFe content(except Mn).The source of sediments is mainly terristrial material,and the composition ofsediment is similar to that of shale and shale+clay.The contents for a large number of ele-ments are within the scope of the background level,but there still is pollution of Zn and Cr,at least in a few stations. 相似文献
12.
氟、氯、溴、碘等卤族元素与人体健康的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卤族元素是人体的必需元素,正常情况下成人摄入量不超过F4 mg/d、C11.7～5.1g/d、I 100～200μg/d;少年不超过F 3 mg/d,儿童I1μg/kg-d,婴儿Cl0.3～1.2 g/d.过量摄入或缺乏卤族元素,都可能导致疾病的发生.而F含量0.5～1.0mg/L、C1＜50mg/L、Br＞100μg/L、I 10～100μg/L的饮用地下水,有利于人体健康. 相似文献
13.
A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawater. Data on the concentration of these
trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruises.
Equilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities
of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and/or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are
shown to be Cu(S4)
2
3−
and Cu(Sn4S5)3−, Zn(HS)
2
0
and ZnHS
2
−
, Cd(HS)
2
0
and Ni(HS)
2
0
, respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2+ and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in
the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S−O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new species of trace
metals are still in the processes of reduction and precipitation.
Contribution No. 1428 from Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica 相似文献
14.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(1)
Aquaculture production efficiency may increase by using feed additives. This study investigated the effects of different dietary additives [w/w: 2% small peptides, 0.01% probiotics( Bacillus licheniformis) and 0.2% prebiotics(inulin)] on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and oxidative stress in juvenile Epinephelus coioides reared in artificial seawater of two salt concentrations(13.5 vs. 28.5). Weight gain rate was significantly higher in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides, B. licheniformis, inulin, or synbiotics than that in fish fed the basal diet; the greatest weight gain rate was found in fish fed the small peptide treatment [56.0% higher than basal diet]. Higher feed efficiency was detected in fish fed the diet supplemented with small peptides than that of fish in the other dietary treatments. Total protease activity in the stomach and intestines was highest in fish fed the small peptide-treated diet, whereas lipase activity was highest in those fed synbiotics(combination of Bacillus licheniformis and inulin) than that in fish fed the other treatments. Antioxidant enzyme(total superoxide dismutase and catalase) activities and hepatic malondialdehyde content were higher in fish receiving the dietary supplements and maintained in artificial seawater containing 13.5 salinity compared with those in the control(28.5). Hepatic catalase activity in grouper fed the diets with small peptides or synbiotics decreased significantly compared with that in control fish. Overall, the three types of additives improved growth rate of juvenile grouper and digestive enzymes activities to varying degrees but did not effectively improve antioxidant capacity under low-salinity stress conditions. 相似文献
15.
孙建中 《地球科学与环境学报》1993,(Z2)
这里所指示的大气圈、水圈、岩石圈、生物圈以及人类的作用千变万化,从而对人类的生存造成巨大影响,构成了一个复杂的生态环境,讨论这些问题,对人类生存至关重要。 相似文献
16.
Monthly investigatiom were made on the population of Chinese freshwater crab, Sinopotamon yangteskiense Bott, 1967 from April, 1984 to Match, 1985. The data on 4413 specimens show that the growth was affected mainly by temperature. During the April to November growth period, the crabs' major development occured from June through October. One year was required for a fine white oocyte to develop into a mature egg. The reproduction period was June-October. Females bearing eggs were taken from June-August, and crabs with young were found from July-October. The females reproduced once a year but could for more than one year. The number of eggs carried by a female varied greatly according to the size of the crab, ranging from 30 to 100 eggs. New-bom crabs become mature after 1-2 yeats. The sex ratio was approximately 1:1 in the overall population. However, the larger crabs are predominantly male. The age distribution of S. yangtsekinese was estimated from size frequency histograms. There were more adult crabs 相似文献
17.
Monthly investigations were mae on the population of Chinese freshwater crab,Sinopotamon yangtsekiense Bott, 1967 from April, 1984 to March, 1985. The data on 4413 specimens show that the growth was affected mainly by temperature.
During the April to November growth period, the crabs' major development occurred from June through October. One year was
required for a fine white oocyte to develop into a mature egg. The reproduction period was June–October. Females bearing eggs
were taken from June–August, and crabs with young were found from July–October. The females reproduced once a year but could
for more than one year. The number of eggs carried by a female varied greatly according to the size of the crab, ranging from
30 to 100 eggs. New-born crabs become mature after 1–2 years. The sex ratio was approximately 1∶1 in the overall population.
However, the larger crabs are predominantly male. The age distribution ofS. yangtsekinese was estimated from size frequency histograms. There were more adult crabs (over 70%) from June to October and more immature
crabs (over 50%) from November to May. 相似文献
18.
从石漠化的研究现状出发,依据我国西南岩溶石山地区石漠化特征,着重分析其主要控制介质为岩性、构造、地貌、气候、岩溶、地下水、植被等自然介质因子与森林砍伐、高坡开垦等人为介质因子.石漠化是以岩溶山区脆弱的岩溶生态环境为基础,以内、外地质作用和人类恶性生态地质作用为驱动力,以资源退化和恶化为本质,基岩不断裸露,生态环境不断恶化,周而复始的恶性循环过程.提出对石漠化的研究重点是成因机理研究,对石漠化的防治应着重于对石漠化的驱动力及其主导因子的防治,阐述了治山必须先治水等防治对策与建议. 相似文献
19.
A study was conducted on Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni levels in Saanich Inlet anoxic seawaler. Data on the concentrations of these trace metals and H2S, and other oceanographic parameters were obtained in four cruisesEquilibrium models are presented together with in situ data. The" results strongly support the assumption that the solubilities of Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Co and Ni are controlled by bisulfide and /or polysulfide complexes. The species of Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni are shown to be Cu(S4)23- and Cu(S4S5)3-, Zn(HS)20 and ZnHS2-, Cd(HS)20 and Ni(HS)20 respectively. The solid species controlling Fe2 + and Co2+ are respectively the pyrohotites FeS and CoS. The data illustrates that thermodynamic equilibrium has been established in the H2S-controlled seawater of Saanich Inlet, and that equilibrium has not been established in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater of Saanich Inlet. The lack of equilibrium in the H2S-O2-coexisted seawater is a result of the flushing or mixing of oxygenated seawater with anoxic water. The new s 相似文献
20.
Plate subduction is the largest natural factory that processes elements, which controls recycling and mineralization of a variety of elements. There are three major ore deposit belts in the world: the circumPaci?c, the central Asian, and the Tethys belts. All the three belts are closely associated with plate subductions, the mechanism remains obscure. We approached this problem from systematic studies on the behaviours of elements during geologic processes. This contribution summaries the recent progress of our research group. Our results suggest that porphyry Cu deposits form through partial melting of subducted young oceanic crust under oxygen fugacities higher than ? FMQ ～+1.5, which is promoted after the elevation of atmospheric oxygen at ca. 550 Ma. Tin deposits are associated with reducing magmatic rocks formed as a consequence of slab rollback. The Neo-Tethys tectonic regime hosts more than 60% of the world's total Sn reserves. This is due to the reducing environment formed during the subduction of organic rich sediments. For the same reason, porphyry Cu deposits formed in the late stages during the closure of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. Tungsten deposits are also controlled by slab rollback, but is not so sensitive to oxygen fugacity. Subduction related W/Sn deposits are mostly accompanied by abundant accessory ?uorites due to the breakdown of phengite and apatite. Decomposition of phengite is also signi?cant for hard rock lithium deposits, whereas orogenic belt resulted from plate subduction promote the formation of Li brine deposits. Cretaceous red bed basins near the Nanling region are favorable for Li brines. Both Mo and Re are enriched in the oxidationreduction cycle during surface processes, and may get further enriched once Mo-, Re-enriched sediments are subducted and involved in magmatism. During plate subduction, Mo and Re fractionate from each other. Molybdenum is mainly hosted in porphyry Mo deposits and to a less extent, porphyry Cu-Mo deposits, whereas Re is predominantly hosted in porphyry Cu-Mo deposits and sedimentary sul?de deposits. 相似文献