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1.
青木关岩溶槽谷流域不同土地利用类型土壤可蚀性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于土壤实地采样和理化性质测试分析,采用EPIC模型K值计算方法,分析青木关岩溶槽谷流域的土壤理化性质、土壤可蚀性及其影响因子。结果发现:（1）青木关岩溶槽谷流域表层土壤（0~10 cm）可蚀性K值介于0.037 1~0.060 5之间,均值为0.048 5,中值为0.047 5,变异系数为10.71%,偏度和峰度值小于1;（2）表土机械组成中以粉粒含量为主,土壤质地属于粉壤土;有机质含量在13.98~52.24 g.kg-1之间,均值为29.20 g.kg-1;表土可蚀性K值与砂粒含量、有机碳含量呈极显著负相关,与粉粒含量呈极显著正相关,与黏粒含量呈负相关;（3）不同土地利用类型下的表土可蚀性K值以裸土地最大,为0.058 3,耕地次之,为0.053 4,其次为园地、荒草地和竹林,分别为0.048 3、0.047 8和0.046 9,针阔叶混交林最小,为0.0427,分别存在显著差异（P＜0.05）,变异系数介于2.7%～6.1%之间;受人类活动影响强烈的裸土地和耕地是本地区主要的泥沙策源地,恢复植被能有效提高土壤抗蚀能力;（4）不同土地利用类型土壤剖面K值均值为耕地（0.056 3）显著大于荒草地（0.051 6）与林地（0.048 1）（P＜0.05）,荒草地与林地K值间差异性不显著;K值剖面分布一致表现为0~35 cm相对较小且变化较大,土下35~60 cm随着深度的增加而增大。 相似文献
2.
基于遥感影像的决策树分类,结合土地利用图,将北京市农业地表覆盖划分为春玉米、冬小麦、果园、林木苗圃、牧草地、设施农业和畜禽饲养地。考虑海拔、坡度和土壤质地三个因子将北京市分成10个景观区,在景观分区和不同农业用地基础上划分出39类农业景观单元。利用基于遥感影像计算的归一化差异植被指数,结合实地调查验证,分类出北京市冬春季裸露农田。结合景观分类,分析了不同景观单元冬春季地表裸露情况。结果表明：2007—2008年冬春季裸露农田共8.05×104 hm2,主要分布在延庆盆地、密云水库北岸和城区边缘的近郊农业区;海拔和土地利用方式对裸露情况影响较大,其中山区春玉米和平原果园裸露情况绝对面积较大,分别占到总裸露农田面积的40%和17%,牧草地、林木苗圃与设施农业地裸露程度较高。基于不同景观单元裸露程度,结合绿肥种植、保护性耕作、生草覆盖等裸露农田治理方法,探讨了北京市农业产业和景观一体化建设策略。 相似文献
3.
喀斯特石漠化治理区不同土地利用方式的小气候效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究小气候变化对植被恢复的响应机制可为喀斯特地区石漠化综合防治提供理论依据。文章选取喀斯特高原山地和高原峡谷石漠化综合防治示范区4种土地利用类型为研究对象,通过常规的小气候监测方法,在雨季前(4月)、雨季(8月)、雨季后(12月)对4种土地利用类型的大气温度、光照强度、相对湿度、土壤温度日变化进行监测和对比分析。结果表明:（1）4种土地利用方式中,大气温度、光照强度和土壤温度均表现为石漠化裸地>农耕地>灌木林>林地,而相对湿度的变化规律则反之:林地>灌木林>农耕地>石漠化裸地,说明林地的小气候调节作用最优,而石漠化裸地最差,与其石漠化治理和植被恢复效果相对应;（2）高原峡谷的大气温度、光照强度和相对湿度在不同的季节和不同土地利用方式下都显著高于高原山地,不同土层的土壤温度是高原山地显著低于高原峡谷;（3）各土地利用方式的小气候季节差异明显,大气温度、土壤温度均为:雨季(8月)>雨季前(4月)>雨季后(12月),而光照强度、相对湿度为:雨季(8月)>雨季后(12月)>雨季前（4月),8月各小气候指标值最高,且不同土地利用方式和治理区间的差异亦最大,因此,选取8月进行小气候监测以比较各土地利用方式和治理区之间的差异要优于其他两个月份。 相似文献
4.
Forecasting areas vulnerable to forest conversion using artificial neural network and GIS (case study: northern Ilam forests,Ilam province,Iran) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Forest conversion due to illegal logging and agricultural expansion is a major problem that is hampering biodiversity conservation efforts in the Zagros region. Yet, areas vulnerable to forest conversion are unknown. This study aims to predict the spatial distribution of deforestation in western Iran. Landsat images dated 1988, 2001, and 2007 are classified in order to generate digital deforestation maps which locate deforestation and forest persistence areas. Meanwhile, in order to examine deforestation factors’ investigation, deforestation maps with physiographic and human spatial variables are entered into the model. Areas vulnerable to forest changes in the Zagros forest region are predicted by a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) with a Markov chain model. The results show that about 19,294 ha forest areas are deforested in the last 19 years. The predictive performance of the model appears successful, which is validated using the actual land cover map of the same year from Landsat data. The validated map is found to be 94 % accurate. The validation is also tested using the relative operating characteristic approach which yielded a value of 0.96. The model is then further extended to predict forest cover losses for 2020. The MLPNN approach was found to have a great potential to predict land use/land cover changes because it permits developing complex, nonlinear models. 相似文献
5.
Soil moisture variability and the depth of water stored in the arable layer of the soil are important topics in agricultural research and rangeland management. In this study, we use the distributed rainfall-runoff (DR2) model to perform a detailed mapping of topsoil moisture status (SMS) in a mountain Mediterranean catchment. This model, previously tested in the same study area against the Palmer Z-index, is run at monthly scale for the current scenario of land uses and under three scenarios that combine the land abandonment and the application of the new common agricultural policy (CAP) of the European Union. Under the current conditions, runoff yield is scarce and presents a high spatial variability when monthly rainfall intensity and depth are low, and infiltration processes mainly lead to water storage in the soil. When rainfall intensity is high, runoff accumulation along the hillslopes controls the depth of available water in the soil, and SMS is more homogeneous. On average, scrublands and pasture have the wettest values, crops of winter cereal and abandoned fields have intermediate conditions, and areas of bare soil and forest have the driest conditions all the year around. The abandonment and no revegetation of the low productive fields located in steep areas and the collapse of their landscape linear elements (LLEs) produce not only an increase of 2.3 % of the overall SMS in the catchment in comparison with the current scenario but also an increment of the effective runoff that cross the cultivated areas of the lowlands and the runoff depth that reach the wetlands, increasing the soil erosion risk and compromising the conservation of the lakes. When the new green areas of the CAP are installed in the upper part of the fields of the lowlands and around the lakes, the runoff depth and thus siltation risk clearly decreases but also SMS decreases 1.7 and 1.1 % considering the current land uses and adding revegetation practices in the abandoned fields, respectively. Hence, a management scenario where: (1) abandoned fields are covered with a dense cover of shrubs, (2) the LLEs are preserved, (3) the green areas of the PAC are created, and (4) runoff harvesting practices are applied to partially compensate the water deficit, will help to preserve the humidity of the soil and will be of interest to keep the agricultural land use around the protected lakes of the study area. 相似文献
6.
应用RS、GIS以及GPS集成技术,以黔中喀斯特地区的猫跳河流域为对象,研究了这一地区从1973—2002年间土地利用／覆被的变化过程,并利用典型相关分析法研究了形成这种变化的驱动因素。研究表明,从1973—1990年,猫跳河流域耕地、建设用地、有林地、水域以及裸岩地呈增长趋势,而灌木林和灌草地趋于减少,流域生态环境质量下降。进入20世纪90年代后,有林地、灌草地、建设用地、水域持续增加,灌草地总量变化不大,耕地总量和裸岩地减少,流域生态环境质量趋于好转。定量分析表明,1990年以前,驱动建设用地变化的因素是总人口的变化,1990年以后则是农业产值;1990年以前驱动耕地变化的是农业人口的增长,1990年以后则和粮食产量的提高有关。 相似文献
7.
The change in the tropical forests could be clearly linked to the expansion of the human population and economies. An understanding of the anthropogenic forcing plays an important role in analyzing the impacts of climate change and the fate of tropical forests in the present and future scenario. In the present study, we analyze the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors in forest dynamics in Katerniaghat wildlife sanctuary situated along the Indo-Nepal border in Uttar Pradesh state, India. The study site is under tremendous pressure due to anthropogenic factors from surrounding areas since last three decades. The vegetation cover of the sanctuary primarily comprised of Shorea robusta forests, Tectona grandis plantation, and mixed deciduous forest; while the land cover comprised of agriculture, barren land, and water bodies. The classification accuracy was 83.5%, 91.5%, and 95.2% with MSS, IKONOS, and Quickbird datasets, respectively. Shorea robusta forests showed an increase of 16 km2; while Tectona grandis increased by 63.01 km2 during 1975–2010. The spatial heterogeneity in these tropical vegetation classes surrounded by the human dominated agricultural lands could not be addressed using Landsat MSS data due to coarse spatial resolution; whereas the IKONOS and Quickbird satellite datasets proved to advantageous, thus being able to precisely address the variations within the vegetation classes as well as in the land cover classes and along the edge areas. Massive deforestation during 1970s along the adjoining international boundary with Nepal has led to destruction of the wildlife corridor and has exposed the wildlife sanctuary to human interference like grazing and poaching. Higher rates of forest dynamics during the 25-year period indicate the vulnerability of the ecosystem to the natural and anthropogenic disturbances in the proximity of the sanctuary. 相似文献
8.
The present study designed to monitor and predict land cover change (LCC) in addition to characterizing LCC and its dynamics over Al-Baha region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, by utilizing remote sensing and GIS-cellular automata model (Markov-CA). Moreover, to determine the effect of rainwater storage reservoirs as a driver to the expansion of irrigated cropland. Eight Landsat 5/7 TM/ETM images from 1975 to 2010 were analyzed and ultimately utilized in categorizing LC. The LC maps classified into four main classes: bare soil, sparsely vegetated, forest and shrub land, and irrigated cropland. The quantification of LCC for the analyzed categories showed that bare soil and sparsely vegetated was the largest classes throughout the study period, followed by forest, shrubland, and irrigated cropland. The processes of LCC in the study area were not constant, and varied from one class to another. There were two stages in bare soil change, an increase stage (1975–1995) and decline stage (1995–2010), and the construction of 25 rainwater-harvesting dams in the region was the turning point in bare soil change. The greatest increase was observed in irrigated cropland after 1995 in the expense of the other three categories as an effect of extensive rainwater harvesting practices. Losses were evident in forest and shrubland and sparsely vegetated land during the first stage (1975–1995) with 5.4 and 25.6 % of total area in 1995, while in 1975, they covered more than 13.8 and 32.7 % of total area. During the second stage (1995–2010), forest and shrubland witnessed a significant increase from 1569.17 km2 in 1975 to 1840.87 km2 in 2010. Irrigated cropland underwent the greatest growth (from 422.766 km2 in 1975 to 1819.931 km2 in 2010) during the entire study period, and this agriculture expansion reached its zenith in the 2000s. Markov-CA simulation in 2050 predicts a continuing upward trend in irrigated cropland and forest and shrubland areas, as well as a downward trend in bare soil and sparsely vegetated areas; the spatial distribution prediction indicates that irrigated cropland will expand around reservoirs and the mountain areas. The validation result showed that the model successfully identified the state of land cover in 2010 with 97 % agreement between the actual and projected cover. The output of this study would be useful for decision makers and LC/land use planners in Saudi Arabia and similar arid regions. 相似文献
9.
在水资源短缺的沙地生态系统中,土壤水分是植被恢复和水资源管理的主要控制因子,正确认识沙地土壤水分的分布特征及时空变化规律是促进沙地水资源可持续发展的基础。以毛乌素沙地为研究区,利用原位试验观测、经典统计学分析和聚类分析相结合的方法,揭示了有无植被覆盖下的土壤剖面水分时空变化特征,探讨了植物生长对土壤水分布的影响。结果表明：在2016年非冻结期内,地下水水位埋深较浅时,裸地与植被覆盖情况下土壤平均含水率均随土壤深度的增加而增大,可将0～350 cm土层划分为气候影响层、过渡层与地下水影响层。裸地剖面平均含水率为23.59%,变异系数为4.24%,属于弱变异,剖面含水率在观测期间明显上升,并在8月中旬强降雨时上升速率达到最大;植被覆盖下土壤剖面平均含水率为17.74%,变异系数为15.61%,属于中等变异,剖面含水率在观测期间显著下降,在8月沙柳发育成熟后剖面含水率下降最快。在垂向深度上,植被对土壤剖面含水率的影响近似呈高斯曲线变化,对过渡层含水率的影响最大,占总影响的50%以上,对气候影响层与地下水影响层的影响相对较小,且随着植物生长,气候影响层受到的相对影响逐渐减弱,地下水影响层受到的... 相似文献
10.
Environment in arid conditions is dynamic and needs more investigation to understand the complexity of change. This spatiotemporal study will help to assess and monitor the land use and land cover change in the arid region of El-Arish area, where the climate and human activities are the major threats to rural development. In the past 11 years, dramatic changes of environment have been recorded in case studies. The post-classification comparison method was used to observe the changes using multi-temporal satellite images which were captured in the years 1999, 2001, 2005, and 2010. The overall accuracy of the produced thematic images was assessed regarding to the quantity and allocation disagreements. Five classes were defined in this investigation: bare soil, vegetation, urban, sand dunes, and fertile soil. From the year 1999 to 2010, fertile soil was increased by 13 %. Bare soil class occupied more than 50 % of land in the case study during for over a decade. From year 1999 to 2010, vegetation cover witnessed a dramatic increase. Soil and water management are the keys of land development and positive land use and land cover dynamics. Changing agricultural policies of using the available water resources are needed in the case study to prevent severe food shortage in the future. 相似文献
11.
Jian Peng Yue Qing Xu Ren Zhang Kang Ning Xiong An Jun Lan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(3):831-841
Over the past decades, the vast limestone mountain areas in southwestern China have suffered greatly from karst rocky desertification (KRD), which is a unique type of desertification caused by irrational land-use practices and has drawn increasing attention of international academic community. Characterizing soil erosion in this region is the key to understanding the escalating KRD problem and finding solution to it. The authors applied leveling method to study soil erosion process in the Huajiang Karst Canyon area between 1999 and 2003, and tried to relate it to KRD expansion. The monitoring data indicate that soil in the study area was losing at an alarming rate, which is much higher than soil formation rate and has already resulted in severe KRD problem. Soil loss under different land-use conditions varied greatly during the monitoring period. The highest soil erosion rate occurred in bare and newly abandoned cropland, followed by sparse grass land, forest land, and dense grass land. In addition, soil erosion could be significantly different under different micro-topographic conditions. Because soil erosion rate in the studied karst mountain areas is surprisingly high, it is urgent to take quick actions to fight against the ongoing KRD problems in Southwest China before an irreversible situation occurs. However, the traditional way to combat KRD by abandoning current cropland needs to be carefully reconsidered, since a bare newly abandoned cropland may suffer more from rapid soil loss than before. 相似文献
12.
由城市化进程改变的城市空间热环境对城区土体湿度产生了重要影响。为了了解城区与郊区土体湿度的差异,以南京市为例,分别在城区、郊区建立了土体湿度监测站,分析2009年6月1日至2010年6月7日南京城区、郊区地下1 m范围内裸土、草地及混凝土覆盖环境下土体湿度的时空演化特征。研究结果表明,南京城区土体湿度总体上小于郊区,存在显著的城市土体"干岛效应",年平均干岛强度为-7.4%。在时间尺度上,1月的干岛强度最小,为-2.1%;7月最大,达到-20.5%。在空间尺度上,郊区土体湿度随深度增加而增大,城区土体则无明显规律。在不同地面覆盖环境下,城区、郊区土体湿度变化规律不同:城区裸土环境下土体湿度日变化明显,而草地及混凝土下的土体湿度日变化相对较小,3种地面覆盖环境的年均土体湿度变化规律为草地(19.0%)<混凝土(26.4%)<裸土(29.5%);郊区3种地面覆盖环境下土体湿度日变化区间及变化频率均比城区大,且年均土体湿度为混凝土(27.4%)<草地(34.7%)<裸土(36.2%)。最后,分析了造成城区、郊区土体湿度差异的原因。 相似文献
13.
Land use/cover change and its driving forces has been one of the most important fields in global environmental change research
since the 1990s. Karst areas are distributed extensively on the Earth’s surface and are usually characterized by a fragile
eco-environment. In southwest China, karst landforms are fully developed and their eco-environment is highly fragile. Over
the past decades, irrational land use practice has caused a series of alarming eco-environmental issues including forest clearing,
soil erosion, and karst rocky desertification. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study land use/cover change
in this area and its driving forces in order to re-build the damaged eco-environment and achieve sustainable land use. In
this paper, the authors conduct a case study on land use/cover change and its natural and human driving forces since the early
1970s in southwest China’s Maotiaohe watershed. The results indicate that the land use/cover pattern in the study area has
undergone a very complex change, which is a result of combined action of both natural and anthropological factors. In the
1970s and 1980s, climate change and fast population increase played dominating roles in the change of arable land, shrub land,
grassland, and rocky desertification land. Since the early 1990s, economic development has gradually taken the place of population
change to become the overwhelming human factor to go along with climate change in driving the land use/cover change, particularly
the change in arable land, construction land, and rocky desertification land. 相似文献
14.
Su Zhengan Xiong Donghong Dong Yifan Yang Dan Zhang Su Zhang Baojun Zheng Xueyong Zhang Jianhui Shi Liangtao 《Natural Hazards》2015,79(1):183-202
This study assessed temporal variation in soil erosion rates in response to energy consumption of flow (ΔE). It employed an in situ bank gully field flume experiment with upstream catchment areas with bare (BLG) or cultivated land (CLG) that drained down to bare gully headcuts. Water discharge treatments ranged from 30 to 120 L Min−1. Concentrated flow discharge clearly affected bank gully soil erosion rates. Excluding minimal discharge in the CLG upstream catchment area (30 L min−1), a declining power function trend (p ≤ 0.1) was observed with time in soil erosion rates for both BLG and CLG upstream catchment areas and downstream gully beds. Non-steady state soil erosion rates were observed after an abrupt collapse along the headcut slope after prolonged scouring treatments. However, as the experiment progressed, ΔE and energy consumption of flow per unit soil loss (ΔEu) exhibited a logarithmic growth trend (p < 0.1) at each BLG and CLG position. Although similar temporal trends in soil erosion and infiltration rates were observed, values clearly differed between BLG and CLG upstream catchment areas. Furthermore, Darcy–Weisbach friction factor (f) values in the CLG upstream catchment area were higher than the corresponding BLG area. In contrast to the BLG upstream catchment area, lower ΔEu and higher soil erosion rates were observed in the CLG upstream catchment area as a result of soil disturbances. This indicated that intensive land use changes accelerate soil erosion rates in upstream catchment areas of bank gullies and increase soil sediment transport to downstream gullies. Accordingly, reducing tillage disturbances and increasing vegetation cover in upstream catchment areas of bank gullies are essential in the dry-hot valley region of Southwest China.
相似文献15.
The aim of this study was to determine land use changes in Datong basin using multitemporal Landsat data for the period of
1977–2006. Four dates of Landsat images from 1977, 1990, 2000, and 2006 were selected to classify the study area. Based on
the supervised classification method of maximum likelihood algorithm, images were classified into six classes: water, urban,
forest, agriculture, wetland, and barren land. A multidate postclassification comparison change detection algorithm was used
to determine changes in land use in four intervals. It is found that (1) urban land area increased 213% due to urbanization
that resulted from rapid increase of urban population and high-speed economic development, (2) agriculture area increased
34.0% due to land reclamation that resulted from rapid increase of rural population and improvement of irrigation capacity,
(3) forest area decreased 20.9% due to deforestation for urban area and agricultural use, (4) barren land area decreased 78.2%
due to cultivation for agricultural use, and (5) water and wetland decreased 39.1 and 67.1%, respectively, due to exploitation
of surface water and decrease of recharge from groundwater to surface water that resulted from over exploitation of groundwater. 相似文献
16.
为了解森林退化的原因,利用2000-2015年的MODIS NDVI数据,在分析贵州省植被变化趋势的基础上识别了归一化植被指数（NDVI)显著下降的区域,并在NDVI显著下降区选取面积大于10 km2的森林图斑为兴趣区,分析其内气候变化趋势及对森林NDVI值的影响。研究表明:197个兴趣区主要分布在贵州省西北部的赤水—习水、东北部的梵净山和东南部的非喀斯特区域;区内春、夏季NDVI变化趋势与年NDVI值变化趋势一致,下降速率达到-0.01·yr-1,冬季与其他季节变化趋势相反,呈不显著升高趋势;区内春季和夏季气温升高显著,降水和日照时间无明显变化,整体气候变化呈暖干趋势;夏季温度升高是NDVI降低的主要驱动因素。 相似文献
17.
典型岩溶峰丛洼地坡面土壤水分空间变异性 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
采用网格法测量典型坡面上旱季（12月）和雨季（5月）的表层(0~5 cm)土壤含水量,以地统计学方法分析其空间变异性,结果表明:（1）与单一土地利用坡面相比,人为扰动强、土地利用多样的岩溶峰丛坡地表层土壤含水量表现为坡上未被扰动的自然植被区明显高于坡下人为改造的区域;旱季时坡地林地表层土壤平均含水量（32.8%）明显高于位于坡下的梯田空闲地（24.2%）、梯田橘园（20.0%）、梯田菜园（22.0%）、坡地裸地（23.5%）;雨季时,坡地裸地（30.2%）和梯田橘园（32.1%）有明显增大,梯田空闲地（17.8%）剧烈减小,坡地林地（32.2%）土壤含水量依然最高;（2）旱、雨季整个坡面上空间结构比分别为21.0%、8.7%,表现为雨季的空间相关性更好;旱、雨季表层土壤含水量变异系数分别为20.1%和31.7%,属中等程度变异;雨季表层土壤含水量的变程（77.5 m）显著高于旱季（8.0 m）,雨季的土壤含水量具有较好的空间变异结构;（3）裸岩周围空间的土壤含水量随与裸岩的距离增大而减小,梯田石坎周围空间的土壤含水量随与梯田石坎的距离增大而递减。 相似文献
18.
以贵州龙里典型喀斯特地区为例,通过集成RS /GIS技术,利用生态水文评估工具中模块化生态水文综合管理系统( EcoHAT)对研究区绿水资源进行定量模拟,模拟出该区2005年10月- 2006年10月像元尺度上绿水资源量,并分析了其绿水资源消耗效用。结果表明: 研究区林地、草地、灌丛和农用地单位面积土壤蓄变量月均值分别为5. 6mm、6. 3 mm、6. 9 mm、7. 7 mm;林地、草地、灌丛和农用地绿水资源单位面积年有效消耗量分别为: 423. 0mm、344. 2 mm、386. 7 mm、407. 5 m m,其中低消耗量分别为相应植被类型条件下总有效消耗量的47. 0%、48. 3%、52. 7%、61. 3%。在有效消耗量中,农用地低消耗量占较大比重,林地和草地的高效和低效消耗量相近,但草地的低消耗量大于林地。据此,认为贵州龙里典型喀斯特地区绿水资源具有较大的利用潜力。但是在今后的绿水资源利用中,必须加强调控绿水资源消耗效用,增加植被盖度,减少裸地面积,以减少绿水资源的无效消耗量;与此同时,还应调整植被结构,以减少植被棵间土壤的低效消耗量。 相似文献
19.
Soil moisture dynamics under different land uses on karst hillslope in northwest Guangxi,China 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
Temporal and spatial dynamics of soil moisture are little known on karst hillslope with shallow soil in subtropical region.
The objectives of this paper were (1) to investigate the temporal dynamics of soil moisture at depth of 0–10 cm under different
land uses; and (2) to understand the relationship between mean and coefficient of variation (CV) of moisture contents on karst
hillslope in northwest Guangxi, China. Soil moisture contents had a moderate variation (CV 17.5–30.3%) over an 8-month period
and they had a significant difference among different land uses at the 0.01 level with a decreasing order: native scrubland > abandoned
cropland and sloping cropland > economic forestland. There were higher mean and lower CV of moisture contents in rainy season
than those in drought season. Mean and CV of moisture contents had a significant negative linear relationship except in abandoned
cropland with higher soil and vegetation heterogeneity. This suggested that spatial variability of soil moisture within sampling
sites would decrease when soils were wet and increase when soils were arid. Compared with rainy season, more soil samples
may be needed and the interval for sampling should be shortened in drought season. Such information provided some insights
to better understand the dynamics and variability of soil moisture at a larger scale in karst region of southwest China. 相似文献
20.
采用GIS和地统计学研究土壤有机质（SOM）的空间分布、影响因素和预测是指导农业生产、环境治理和土壤碳储计量的重要手段。基于广西马山县北部岩溶区表层土壤 (0~20 cm)的441个SOM数据,建立普通克里格(OK)、回归克里格（RK）,以及结合辅助变量的地理加权回归克里格(GWRK)、残差均值（MM_OK）和中值（MC_OK）均一化克里格的5种模型,并比较其预测精度,旨在探讨岩溶区SOM制图中地统计学方法的适用性。结果表明:（1）SOM的变异系数为37.30%,属于中等空间变异;（2）岩溶区SOM空间变异受土地利用方式、土壤类型和地形因子等因素共同影响,SOM高值区分布在西北部、西部和东部等石灰土分布的岩溶区和水田,低值区位于北部红水河沿岸的冲积土地带;（3）RK、GWRK、MM_OK和 MC_OK对SOM解释能力均较优,可用于岩溶区SOM预测制图。结合辅助变量因子的GWRK预测模型能有效消除空间变异因素的影响,克服岩溶区SOM含量的空间非平稳性,从而提高SOM含量模型的稳定性和精度,同时MC_OK模型能提高预测的准确度。 相似文献