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苏鲁超高压变质带胡家林超镁铁质岩成因及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
胡家林超镁铁质杂岩体产于苏鲁超高压变质带中部,纯橄岩和(石榴)单斜辉石岩呈不连续透镜体产于蛇纹石化橄榄岩中。纯橄岩遭受了部分蛇纹石化(烧失量=6.6%～13.2%),全岩富集强相容元素(Ni、Cr、Co)和Ir族PGE(IPGE;Ir、Os、Ru)及高IPGE/PPGE值,亏损Al、Ti、V,具高Mg~#橄榄石(Fo=91.7～92.4)和高Cr~#(0.68～0.76)尖晶石。纯橄岩高耐熔地球化学及矿物化学特征和古老的大陆岩石圈地幔相一致,表明其原岩来源于弧前地幔,代表了华北克拉通古老的大陆岩石圈地幔残留。(石榴)单斜辉石岩全岩呈相对低含量的强相容元素(Cr、Ni、Co)和IPGE,高含量的Al、Ti、V和流体迁移元素(Sr、Pb和Ba),球粒陨石标准化REE配分图呈明显"上凸"型,具低Mg~#橄榄石(Fo=76.6～76.8)和低Al_2O_3(2.76%)和高SiO_2(54.56%～56.87%)的单斜辉石。全岩组成和矿物化学表明其原岩为俯冲带内超镁铁质火成堆晶岩,最初岩浆由地幔岩高程度部分熔融的熔体和俯冲带中富H_2O流体和/或熔体构成。(石榴)单斜辉石岩原岩曾被地幔流带入扬子大陆俯冲板片和上覆地幔楔之间的俯冲通道,经历了超高压变质作用和生成大量石榴石。(石榴)单斜辉石岩在折返过程中,与大陆岩石圈地幔楔剥离的蛇纹石化橄榄岩及纯橄岩相结合,形成超镁铁质杂岩体,整体被低密度的俯冲板片(主要由花岗质片麻岩和变质沉积岩组成)裹挟,折返至地壳浅部。 相似文献
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西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩中不同产出的纯橄岩及成因探讨 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
罗布莎蛇绿岩中的纯橄岩有三种产出情况,除了与豆荚状铬铁矿伴生的薄壳状纯橄岩外,还有产在方辉橄榄岩底部被认为是堆晶岩的厚层状纯橄岩和方辉橄榄岩中的透镜状纯橄岩。厚层状纯橄岩约700～1000m厚,以橄榄石富镁(Fo93～95),单斜辉石低铝富镁(Al2O30.47%～0.85%,Mg#95～97),铬尖晶石高铬低镁(Cr#值平均77,Mg#平均51)为特征。该纯橄岩中的浸染状铬铁矿也是高铬低镁型,但Mg#值(平均59)高于厚层状纯橄岩的副矿物铬尖晶石。薄壳状纯橄岩与厚层状纯橄岩成分相近,其橄榄石Fo92～94,单斜辉石Al2O3<1%和Mg#95～97;铬尖晶石的Cr#值平均71,Mg#值平均52。与薄壳状纯橄岩伴生的块状铬铁矿为高镁高铬型,但Mg#值(平均68)相对更高些,Cr#值平均79。透镜状纯橄岩的特征是橄榄石Fo(91～92)和铬尖晶石Cr#(60左右)均低于前两类纯橄岩,但单斜辉石的Al2O3(1.41%～1.71%)则高于前两者。透镜状纯橄岩的矿物成分与方辉橄榄岩重叠,两者为渐变过渡关系。研究对比表明,罗布莎厚层状纯橄岩不同于经典的蛇绿岩的超镁铁质堆晶岩,认为将其成因解释为拉斑玄武质熔体与地幔橄榄岩的反应较为合理。透镜状纯橄岩与方辉橄榄岩存在成生联系,可能是地幔橄榄岩高度部分熔融的产物,或熔体和方辉橄榄岩在原位发生反应的产物;薄壳状纯橄岩成因与厚层状纯橄岩相同,但与其相伴的块状铬铁矿是否由拉斑玄武质熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应形成,值得商榷。 相似文献
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鲁西中生代闪长岩中两类幔源捕虏体的岩石学和地球化学 总被引：18，自引：4，他引：18
鲁西铁铜沟岩体辉石闪长岩中黑云母的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为132.79±0.27Ma.产于辉石闪长岩中深源捕虏体的岩相学、矿物化学、岩石地球化学和野外资料表明,它们可划分成两组.组Ⅰ为具有变质-变形结构的纯橄岩、方辉橄榄岩和尖晶石二辉橄榄岩类.该类捕虏体耗损易熔元素(如Ca、Al)、橄榄石具有较高的Mg#值和较高的含量表明它们可能为古老岩石圈地幔高度部分熔融的残留体.然而,相对富集轻稀土元素的配分形式、较高的87Sr/86Sr比值以及交代型金云母的存在暗示着该类捕虏体遭受了晚期交代作用的改造;组Ⅱ为具有残留的嵌晶结构、再平衡结构,并叠加有变形结构的纯橄岩、方辉橄榄岩、橄辉岩和二辉石岩类.该类捕虏体具有较低的Mg#值和87Sr/86Sr比值以及较高的稀土元素丰度表明可能代表了新增生的岩石圈地幔物质.两类幔源捕虏体的共存对认识华北地块东部中生代岩石圈地幔的性质以及揭示中国东部陆下岩石圈地幔的演化历史具有重要意义. 相似文献
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冀北小张家口基性-超基性杂岩的成因:岩石学、地球化学和Nd-Sr同位素证据 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
冀北小张家口基性-超基性杂岩体主要由辉石岩和次要的纯橄岩组成,并含有方辉橄榄岩透镜状捕掳体.岩石学和元素地球化学数据表明,辉石岩和纯橄岩可能是堆晶成因,而方辉橄榄岩可能是来自地幔源区的地幔岩捕掳体(抽取玄武质熔体之后的难熔残余).辉石岩和纯橄岩都表现出相当富集的Nd-Sr同位素特征,εND (t)=-2～10,ISr=0.7045～0.7081,表明它们的母岩浆来自富集的岩石圈地幔的部分熔融.化学成分和同位素成分一致表明,母岩浆在以橄榄石和辉石为主的分离结晶过程中,遭受下地壳不同程度的混染.辉石岩受显著混染,不能代表岩石圈地幔的同位素成分;而纯橄岩是最初的分离结晶体,仅受轻微下地壳混染,可近似反应岩石圈地幔源区的同位素成分.小张家口岩体的形成可能与古亚洲洋的缝合(240～250Ma)有关. 相似文献
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早侏罗世东巧蛇绿岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带(班怒带)东段,蕴含较为丰富的豆荚状铬铁矿资源。东巧地幔橄榄岩主体由方辉橄榄岩组成,铬铁矿赋存在其内部的纯橄岩脉中。方辉橄榄岩和纯橄岩均显示出弧前橄榄岩的特征。方辉橄榄岩中橄榄石的Fo值为89.8~92.2,斜方辉石的和单斜辉石的Mg^(#)值分别变化于89.7~92.0和92.7~95.1,铬尖晶石的Cr^(#)值(Cr^(#)=100×Cr/(Cr+Al))为60.8~75.9;纯橄岩中橄榄石的Fo值为91.7~92.5,斜方辉石Mg^(#)值变化于91.7~92.1,单斜辉石的Mg^(#)值变化于94.0~94.6,铬尖晶石的Cr^(#)值为69.0~83.1。铬铁矿主要呈致密块状和浸染状构造,其中铬尖晶石的矿物包裹体有橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石、角闪石和铂族矿物等。矿石中的铬尖晶石与橄榄岩中的铬尖晶石相比,具有较高的Cr^(#)值(72.5~86.9)和Mg^(#)值(52.8~70.5),较低的Al_(2)O_(3)(6.25%~13.6%)、TiO_(2)(0.06%~0.16%)和Zn(518×10^(-6)~714×10^(-6)),属于高铬型铬铁矿,平衡熔体与玻安质熔体有亲缘性。方辉橄榄岩中铂族元素(PGE)总含量(14.01×10^(-9)~32.81×10^(-9))近似于原始地幔,IPGE(Os、Ir和Ru)/PPGE(Rh、Pt和Pd)的比值均大于1;纯橄岩的PGE总量(13.36×10^(-9)~16.08×10^(-9))略低于原始地幔,IPGE和PPGE富集程度近似;铬铁矿的铂族元素总量(108.4×10^(-9)~645.7×10^(-9))远远高于原始地幔和地幔橄榄岩中PGE的含量,且IPGE以及Rh相对原始地幔富集,而Pt和Pd相对亏损,具明显右倾特征的配分模式,指示东巧地幔橄榄岩和铬铁矿形成过程经历了熔体抽取和交代作用。通过与全球典型豆荚状铬铁矿矿床的特征对比,认为班怒带的蛇绿岩应该有良好的铬铁矿成矿背景。 相似文献
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橄榄岩-熔体的相互作用:岩石圈地幔组成转变的重要方式 总被引：33，自引：2，他引：31
橄榄岩-熔体/岩浆的相互作用常被用来解释蛇绿岩套橄榄岩、造山带橄榄岩、超镁铁质侵入杂岩体、地幔橄榄岩捕虏体中某些具有不平衡结构和矿物组成的岩石的形成过程。橄榄岩-熔体的反应主要有两种方式,即消耗橄榄石(和单斜辉石)生成斜方辉石或消耗斜方辉石生成橄榄石(和单斜辉石)。反应的结果不仅造成矿物百分含量的变化,而且造成矿物组成的变化;后者更重要但未引起足够的重视。华北东部中生代玄武质岩石中具有环带状结构的橄榄石和辉石捕虏晶,特别是具有环带状结构的地幔橄榄岩捕虏体的发现,暗示这种橄榄岩-熔体的相互作用在华北东南部中生代岩石圈地幔中很可能普遍存在,为岩石圈地幔组成转变和快速富集的重要方式。这是全球首例由橄榄岩-熔体相互反应造成的岩石圈地幔大规模的组成变化。反应熔体来源途径主要有地壳来源和软流圈地幔来源。来源不同的熔体与橄榄岩的反应造成的组成变化完全不同。 相似文献
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依拉山蛇绿岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带中部,主要由蚀变较强的方辉橄榄岩和纯橄岩及豆荚状铬铁岩组成。铬铁矿矿体集中分布在依拉山岩体北部,围岩以纯橄岩为主,少量为方辉橄榄岩。铬铁岩中铬尖晶石的电子探针分析结果表明Cr~#值为64.2～73.9,Mg~#值为46.9～71.6,TiO_2为0.03%～0.31%,Al_2O_3为4.5%～18.7%,指示依拉山铬铁矿为高铬型铬铁矿。方辉橄榄岩的稀土元素及微量元素配分模式指示其具有深海地幔橄榄岩的特征,铬铁矿的铂族元素具有IPGE富集而PPGE亏损的特点,呈现出右倾的配分模式,且Pd/Ir与Pt/Pt~*之间不存在明确的相关性,反映出依拉山岩体经历了岩石-熔体反应的演化过程。结合其他岩体内铬铁矿的对比研究,提出依拉山铬铁矿可能是在俯冲带环境下,由玻安质熔体与岩石反应形成,并经历了多阶段的演化过程,即早期的洋中脊(MORB)环境以及后期的俯冲带(SSZ)的改造。 相似文献
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北秦岭松树沟橄榄岩与铬铁矿矿床的成因关系 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
松树沟橄榄岩体是秦岭造山带中规模最大的赋存铬铁矿床的超基性岩体。松树沟橄榄岩主要由细粒橄榄岩质糜棱岩和中粗粒橄榄岩组成。本文通过对松树沟橄榄岩的岩相学、主微量、稀土元素地球化学的系统研究,认为松树沟细粒方辉橄榄岩为洋脊扩张过程中地幔岩减压-近分离熔融产生的残留体,细粒纯橄岩主要由地幔橄榄岩熔融残留橄榄石、消耗辉石的减压熔融反应:aCpx+bOpx+cSpl=dOl+1Melt生成的橄榄石和少量的地幔方辉橄榄岩残留体组成,但均受到了后期渗滤熔体的再富集作用;中粗粒纯橄岩和方辉橄榄岩主要为上述反应产生的渗滤熔体被圈闭在迁移通道或减压扩容带内在热边界层(TBL)通过反应:MeltA=Ol+MeltB冷凝结晶而成,属堆晶橄榄岩。Pb-Sr-Nd同位素地球化学的证据显示,松树沟橄榄岩与基性岩具有共同的地幔源区,二者同为松树沟蛇绿岩的重要组成部分。通过矿床地质特征及铬铁矿电子探针测试研究,认为松树沟铬铁矿床是产于中粗粒堆晶纯橄岩中的层状铬铁矿床,形成于格林威尔期松树沟洋盆的扩张过程中,是中粗粒纯橄岩在热边界层(TBL)的冷凝结晶过程中岩浆分异作用的产物。 相似文献
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对大道尔吉铬铁矿床成因的新认识 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大道尔吉岩体为一肢解的蛇绿岩残片,由两个单元组成,一为堆晶杂岩,另一为地幔橄榄岩。堆晶杂岩包括三个岩浆旋回,每一旋回均表现出由超镁铁质向镁铁质演化的特点。工业铬铁矿产于堆晶杂岩第三旋回底部的纯橄岩-含辉纯橄岩中,而产于地幔橄榄岩中的铬铁矿为数甚微。矿体主要由各种浸染状的铬铁矿石组成。矿体的围岩为纯橄岩且两者逐渐过渡。副矿物铬尖晶石与造矿铬尖晶石的成分相似。上述特征表明大道尔吉铬铁矿床系堆积成因,明显地区别于地幔橄榄岩中的豆荚状铬铁矿。大道尔吉铬铁矿床为我国一个与蛇绿岩堆晶杂岩有关的典型铬铁矿床。 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):1203-1218
Ultramafic xenoliths are abundant in late Mesozoic high-Mg diorites at Laiwu, western Shandong Province; they are composed of dunite (>80 vol.%) with minor harzburgite (<10 vol.%) and olivine (Ol)-pyroxenite (<10 vol.%). We determined the abundance of siderophile and chalcophile elements of representative samples of xenoliths, and calculated oxidation conditions based on mineral chemistry. Bulk compositions of harzburgite show high Cr (2640–3430 ppm), Co (103–111 ppm), Ni (2210–2400 ppm), and high Ir-type platinum group elements (PGE) (IPGE, 14.0–17.8 ppb), with high ratios of IPGE to Pt-type PGE (PPGE, 3.1–6.3). Spinel contains moderate Cr (Cr# = 0.41–0.61). Our data suggest that the harzburgite is the residue of partial melting. The occurrence of orthopyroxene replacing Ol suggests that harzburgite was metasomatized by a Si-rich melt. Dunite contains high concentrations of Cr (> 3800 ppm), Co (>110 ppm), and Ni (>1680 ppm), and low concentrations of IPGE (<4.8 ppb), with low ratios of IPGE/PPGE (as low as 0.05), suggesting that dunite is the cumulate of a mafic melt. High Cr in chromite (Cr# > 0.7) and high Mg in Ol suggest that the parental melt was boninitic. Some Ol grains show variable, locally high Mg, up to Fo 94.3. We attribute these high values to the interaction of the Ol with abundant chromite in the cumulate. Both dunite and harzburgite indicate high log fO2 values, ranging from fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) +1.4 to +2.4. The values contrast with fO2 below that of the graphite–CO2 buffer for xenoliths in early Palaeozoic diamondiferous kimberlite pipes in the area. The data indicate a sharp increase in fO2 during Mesozoic time, likely caused by subduction of the Tethyan oceanic plate before collision with the Yangtze continent below the eastern margin of the North China craton. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(9):1105-1123
ABSTRACTA chromite deposit was discovered in the Kudi ophiolite in the Palaeozoic western Kunlun orogenic belt. Chromite forms elongated (<2 m in width) and banded chromitite bodies (<0.1 m in width for each band) in dunite and podiform chromitite bodies (<1.5 m in width) in harzburgite. Dunite is classified into two types. Type I dunite hosting massive and banded chromitites shows low Fo in olivine (88.1–90.9), moderate Cr# [=Cr/(Cr + Al), 0.47–0.56] in chromite, and a positively sloped primitive mantle-normalized platinum group elements (PGE) pattern, suggesting that it is a cumulate of a mafic melt. Harzburgite and type II dunite show olivine with high Fo (>91.1) and chromite with moderate to high Cr# (0.44–0.61), and flat to negatively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns, indicating that they are residual mantle peridotite after partial melting. Chromite in all three types of chromitites has relatively uniform moderate values Cr# ranging from 0.43 to 0.56. Massive chromitite contains euhedral chromite with high TiO2 (0.40–0.43 wt.%) and has a positively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE pattern, suggesting that it represents a cumulate of a melt. Rocks containing disseminated and banded chromite show overall low total PGE, < 117 ppb, and a negatively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE pattern. Chromite grains in these two types of occurrences are irregular in shape and enclose olivine grains, suggesting that chromite formed later than olivine. We suggest that chromite-oversaturated melt penetrated into the pre-existing dunite and crystallized chromite. The oxygen fugacity (fO2 values of chromitites and peridotites are high, ranging from FMQ+0.8 (0.8 logarithmic unit above the fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer) to FMQ+2.3 for chromitites and from FMQ+0.9 to FMQ+2.8 for peridotites (dunite and harzburgite). The mineral compositions and high fO2 values as well as estimated parental magma compositions of the chromitites suggest that the Kudi ophiolite formed in a sub-arc setting. 相似文献
13.
鲁西中生代辉长-闪长质岩石中纯橄岩捕虏体的岩石学、矿物化学及微量元素地球化学研究表明,纯橄岩捕虏体代表了古老岩石圈地幔的残留;地幔纯橄岩捕虏体中存在两种类型的交代作用,一是以填隙型金云母为代表的早期富含CO_2和H_2O的不活动流体的交代作用;二是以斜方辉石交代脉和网络状斜方辉石为代表的晚期富硅质熔(流)体的交代作用。后者代表了起源于软流圈的富硅质熔(流)体对古老岩石圈地幔的一种化学侵蚀。这对认识华北地块东部中生代岩石圈地幔的性质以及岩石圈减薄机制具有重要意义。 相似文献
14.
Chromite-bearing peridotites of the Ordovician Miyamori ophiolitecomplex exhibit spatial mineralogical variations on scales rangingfrom several centimeters to a few kilometers. The largest variationscorrespond to the entire structure of the complex, which featuresa layered zone of interstratified harzburgite, wehrlite, andvarious pyroxenites sandwiched between zones of unlayered harzburgiteand dunite containing only minor pyroxenite bands. All zonesexhibit the same deformation microstructures, tabular equigranularto porphyroclastic textures, and strong mineral aggregate lineation.Harzburgite from the unlayered zones is characterized by olivinevalues of 100Mg/(Mg+Fe)=91–93.5 and chromite values of100Cr/(Cr+Al+Fe3+)=40–75. These variables exhibit a positivecorrelation, which is typical of harzburgites and lherzolitesfrom the basal units of ophiolites and from xenoliths in alkalibasalts and kimberlites. The harzburgite is therefore interpretedas a residue from partial melting in the mantle. By contrast,harzburgite in the interlayered zone features olivine valuesof 100Mg/(Mg+Fe)=88–92 and chromite values of 100Cr/(Cr+Al+Fe3+)=40–60,and in this case the variables tend to show a negative correlationin any given locality and they partly overlap data from theintercalated wehrlite and dunite. The harzburgite of the layeredzone is interpreted as residual mantle that reacted with evolvedmelts that then crystallized as wehrlite and dunite. The harzburgitein the unlayered zones is more refractory than that in the layeredzone, even after removing effects of reaction. This differencecan be explained either by enhanced partial melting and meltextraction in the unlayered zones, possibly owing to the preferentialintroduction of a waterrich fluid, or by melt segregation fromthe unlayered zones and transfer to the layered zone in responseto a piezometric pressure gradient and compaction of a solidresidual matrix. Mineralogical evidence suggests that evolvedmelts migrated through conduits formed in the layered zone byfracturing or diapirism. 相似文献
15.
阿尔巴尼亚布尔其泽纯橄岩壳非常新鲜,主要由橄榄石、尖晶石和单斜辉石等矿物组成.其中橄榄石存在单斜辉石和铬尖晶石（磁铁矿）共生包裹体现象,包裹体矿物粒度在1~10 μm,有些甚至为纳米级200~500 nm.纯橄岩橄榄石的Fo值为94.7~96.0,铬尖晶石的Cr#为76.5~82.4,远高于蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中常见纯橄岩的铬值（Cr#>60）.基于前人研究结果,提出这种现象是由于亏损方辉橄榄岩与含钛、铬、铁熔体发生交代作用,从而形成橄榄石的固溶体并存在Ti4+、Al3+、Ca2+、Fe3+,而部分Cr3+进入铬尖晶石结晶.后期由于岩体在抬升过程中降温,橄榄石中混溶的组分析出包裹体形成磁铁矿和铬尖晶石.并且依据铬尖晶石-橄榄石的矿物化学成分,识别出岩体内方辉橄榄岩相对较低的部分熔融程度约为30%~40%,纯橄岩部分熔融程度约为40%,表明不同岩相间其形成背景存在明显差异.因此,认为布尔奇泽蛇绿岩具有多阶段的过程,首先是在洋中脊环境下经历部分熔融作用形成了方辉橄榄岩,后受到俯冲环境（SSZ）的岩石-熔体反应生成更富Mg、Si和Cr等的熔体,致使地幔橄榄岩高度部分熔融,形成此类纯橄岩. 相似文献
16.
Kazuhito Ozawa 《Lithos》1983,16(1):1-16
The Miyamori ultramafic complex forms the basal ultramafic portion of an ophiolite. The complex consists of a tectonic member which is composed dominantly of harzburgite and dunite, and a cumulate member which is composed of interlayered wehrlite, dunite and clinopyroxenite. The tectonite member is overlain by the cumulate member and characterized by tabular granular or porphyroclastic textures, a strong lineation and magnesian olivine (Mg/Mg + Fe = 0.88–0.93). In contrast, the cumulate member exhibits igneous textures and shows no evidence of a penetrative deformation. The olivine is less magnesian than that of the tectonite member (Mg/Mg + Fe = 0.82–0.89). At the boundary of the two members, harzburgite xenoliths have been found in wehrlite of the cumulate member. The minerals at the core of a few large harzburgite xenoliths preserve the compositional characteristics of typical harzburgites in the tectonic member. The occurrence of the harzburgite xenolith in vehrlite and the structural and textural features of the two members indicate that the tectonite member had already been deformed before a magma intruded into the tectonite member and formed a magma chamber in which cumulates were deposited together with harzburgite fragments on the floor of the tectonite. The xenoliths show a fine grained mosaic texture, which may be attributed by the heat of the intruded magma. This hiatus implies that the magma which made the cumulate member did not originate directly from the underlying harzburgite. 相似文献