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TANG Huafeng ZHAO Zhigang TIAN Zhiwen LU Baoliang TANG Wu HE Kailun ZHU Chenxi WANG Pujun 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):280-293
Based on the volume magnetic susceptibility and specific gravity measurements and mineral and lithologic identification results for 540 samples,the rock type,density,and magnetic susceptibility of rocks from northern Borneo were analyzed,and the applicability of gravity and magnetic data to the lithologic identification of the Mesozoic strata in the southern South China Sea was assessed accordingly.The results show that there are 3 types and 25 subtypes of rocks in northern Borneo,mainly intermediate-mafic igneous rocks and exogenous clastic sedimentary rocks,with small amounts of endogenous sedimentary rocks,felsic igneous rocks,and metamorphic rocks.The rocks that are very strongly-strongly magnetic and have high-medium densities are mostly igneous rocks,tuffaceous sandstones,and their metamorphic equivalents.The rocks that are weakly magnetic-non-magnetic and have medium-very low densities are mostly conglomerates,sandstones,siltstones,mudstones,and coal.The rocks that are weakly magnetic-diamagnetic and have highmedium densities are mostly limestones and siliceous rocks.The Cenozoic rocks are characterized by low densities and medium susceptibilities;the Mesozoic rocks are characterized by medium densities and medium-high susceptibilities;and the pre-Mesozoic rocks are characterized by high densities and low magnetism.Based on these results and the distribution characteristics of the various rock types,it was found that the pre-Mesozoic rocks produce weak regional gravity anomalies;the Mesozoic sedimentary rocks produce negative regional gravity anomalies;whereas the Mesozoic igneous rocks produce positive regional gravity anomalies;and the Cenozoic igneous rocks produce positive regional gravity anomalies.The regional high magnetic anomalies in the southern part of the South China Sea originate from the Mesozoic mafic igneous rocks and their metamorphic equivalents;and the regional medium magnetic anomalies may be produced by the felsic igneous rocks and their metamorphic equivalents.Accordingly,the identification of the Mesozoic lithology in the southern South China Sea shows that the Mesozoic sedimentary rocks are distributed over a large area of the southern South China Sea.Thus,it is concluded that the Mesozoic strata in this area have the potential for oil and gas exploration. 相似文献
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Hydrothermal-magmatic systems of the Kuril-Kamchatka island arc were formed in Neogene-Quaternary volcanic rocks. Acting on
host rocks, thermal waters induced their alteration and transformation into hydrothermal-metasomatic rocks, such as propylites,
secondary quartzites, zeolitic rocks, argillic rocks, opalites, quartz-adularia metasomatites, etc. The dynamics of changes
in rock properties during the hydrothermal process depends on a number of factors, including the features of primary rocks,
temperature, pressure and composition of thermal fluids, fluid phase, fluid pH, and duration of fluid-rock interaction. Deep
high-temperature fluids cause consolidation and hardening of the rocks, an increase in deformational properties, and a decrease
in porosity and permeability, regardless of fluid composition. The chemical composition and acidity-alkalinity of thermal
fluids have a significant influence on the alteration of rock properties during low-temperature hydrothermal processes. 相似文献
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攀西茨达复式岩体年代学和地球化学:对峨眉山地幔柱活动时间的约束 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
茨达复式岩体位于中国西南扬子地台西缘的攀西裂谷内,其岩性从基性到酸性连续变化,SiO2含量为40.06％ ～68.54％,但以基性和酸性岩石为主,中性岩石较少,而且非常不均匀,通常具有斑杂构造特征.从基性岩到酸性岩,各岩石样品由轻稀土弱富集型变为较强富集型.微量元素表现为酸性岩中Rb、Th、K、La、Ce、Pb、Nd、Zr、Hf、Sm呈正异常和Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti的负异常;基性岩除Ti负异常和Pb正异常外,其它异常不明显;中性岩具有Ti、Sr负异常和Pb正异常,其它特征介于基性岩和酸性岩石之间.野外和岩相学特征明显指示出中性岩石具有混合特征.酸性端元岩浆准铝质的特征以及相对低的SiO2含量指示其起源于玄武质下地壳的部分熔融,而基性端元岩浆的地球化学特征以及高温特征暗示着其起源于地幔柱源区.锆石U-Pb年龄数据表明,该复式岩体中基性端元LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb锆石年龄为243.76±0.77Ma,酸性端元年龄为240.5±0.76Ma,可能代表了峨眉山大火成岩省岩浆活动的尾声阶段. 相似文献
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闽中地区马面山群东岩组变质岩形成的古构造环境研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
闽中地区马面山群东岩组地层主要为绿片岩为主的一套古火山沉积建造。其主要岩性类型包括各种成分的绿片岩、大理岩、石英片岩及变粒岩类。绿片岩显示海底火山喷发特征,变粒岩原岩为中酸性岩类。东岩组变质岩岩石化学研究表明,绿片岩的原岩应为玄武岩类。变粒岩类主要属于英安岩及流纹岩。这些特征反映东岩组具双峰式火山岩特征,形成于大陆内部张性环境。绿片岩稀土元素特征也显示和大陆拉张环境中的火山岩类稀土特征非常相似,属大陆拉斑玄武岩;微量元素分布显示出该组变质岩原岩类似于大洋岛和大陆裂谷的板内碱性玄武岩。因此闽中地区中元古代可能处于板内古裂谷环境。 相似文献
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国外深水盆地烃源岩发育特征表明:无论是板内的断坳盆地还是板缘的先裂陷后漂移沉积盆地,在裂陷期(断陷期)及坳陷期(漂移期)均有烃源岩分布,大陆边缘盆地不同演化阶段有效烃源岩发育程度存在差别,其中裂陷期非海相(湖相)暗色页岩是最主要和最普遍的生油岩,还可能发育过渡相或近海相的煤系和泥质烃源岩;其次是板内坳陷晚期或板缘漂移期的海陆过渡相、近海相、前三角洲相等有大量的有机质供给或者长期离物源区较近的情况下,烃源岩发育;裂陷晚期和坳陷早期烃源岩一般不发育,但有大量的有机质供给的半封闭浅海—半深海环境可能发育高效烃源岩。国外主要深水盆地中新生界烃源岩发育特征对中国南海北部深水区烃源岩的认识具有重要的指导意义。中国南海北部裂陷早期阶段发育的湖相烃源岩和裂陷晚期发育的海陆过渡相烃源岩为主力烃源岩;南海北部不同盆地坳陷期中新统海相烃源岩差异较大,其中陆源有机质输入不足的琼东南盆地烃源岩稍差些,陆源有机质输入相对充足的珠江口盆地烃源岩较好一些。墨西哥湾和北苏门答腊盆地的勘探实践已经证实了半深海相烃源岩可作为有效油源岩,这对中国南海北部深水区中新统海相烃源岩认识具有很好的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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青藏高原南部广泛发育的林子宗火山岩蕴涵着新特提斯洋俯冲与印度—亚洲大陆碰撞过程的地质信息。为探讨冈底斯中段格达地区典中组火山岩的形成时代、岩浆源区及构造环境等特征,对其开展了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年和地球化学特征研究。研究结果表明: 该地区典中组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(61.6±1.0) Ma; 典中组火山岩相对富集LILE和LREE、亏损HFSE,具典型岛弧火山岩的特征; 岩浆源区主要来源于地壳物质部分熔融,是俯冲岛弧构造环境下新特提斯洋北向俯冲消减过程的产物。 相似文献
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下扬子区二叠纪主要岩石类型成因的地球化学信息 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
作者在全面了解陆相层序地层学研究现状的基础上,认为陆相层序及体系域发育仍受控于湖平面相对变化。构造、气候及沉积物供给的控制作用最终通过湖平面变化表现出来。而湖平面变化可分完整旋回与不完整旋回两种情况,进而提出了所形成的层序及体系域模式：在完整旋回中形成了湖泊充填、湖泊扩张、湖泛和湖泊萎缩四个体系域,对应层序为Ⅰ型层序;在不完整旋回中形成了湖泊充填、湖泊扩张、湖泛三个体系域,或者湖泊扩张、湖泛、湖泊萎缩三个体系域,对应层序为Ⅱ型层序。以松辽盆地西部斜坡实际工作为例,提出了中生代层序及体系域划分方案,较前人研究有新认识。 相似文献
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碳酸盐岩既可作为烃源岩，也可作为储集岩存在。因此，除直接发现液态石油和气苗外，在野外和室内碳酸盐岩含油的识别都较困难。确定碳酸盐岩中含有的烃类是原生的，还是它处运移充填而来的，这在勘探实践中具有不同的指导意义，本文阐述了用岩石热解分析技术判别碳酸盐岩中烃源的方法。提出了碳酸盐岩含油判别指数P、岩石热解烃最高温度Tmax和岩石中游离烃S1含量等判别碳酸盐岩是否含运移烃的指标。用此方法研究了西藏措勤盆地碳酸盐岩含油显示，发现强龙松纳背斜在1805剖面下白垩统郎山组1段（K1l^1)碳酸盐岩曾有油气运移过程存在。同时用其它方法证明了岩石热解技术对碳酸盐岩含运移烃的识别是可靠的。 相似文献
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藏东及邻区钾玄岩系岩石云母特征及其岩石学意义 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
青藏高原东部及邻区新生代钾玄岩系列岩石包括钾质碱性深成岩、火山岩、煌斑岩和偏酸性的斑岩。云母是钾玄岩系列岩石中的主要暗色矿物，分布亦较广泛。我们用单矿物化学分析方法测定本区钾玄武岩系四种岩石中云母和化学成分，其结果MF＝1．30－1．99，应为金云母－富镁黑云母，属于富碱富镁高铝贫铁类型的云母；云母的红外光谱，在450cm^-1和1000cm^-1附近都有很强的吸收谱带，显示了四种岩石中的云母具有类似的红外光谱特征；X光衍射测定，本区云母的d(060)为15．32nm-15.41nm，它们的晶胞参数变化不大，均为三八面体1M型云母。以上特征表明，本区钾玄岩系四种岩石中云母均形成于高碱度环境，它们与钙碱性系列岩石中云母形成的环境迥然不同。从四种岩石的云母具有相似的化学成分、红外光谱和晶胞参数，说明它们的寄生岩石具有钾岩的特征，其物源来自交代地幔。 相似文献
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华北陆块南缘熊耳期次火山岩地质地球化学特征 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9
熊耳期次火山岩广泛分布于熊耳群火山岩及接近熊耳群底部的基底变质岩系中，活动时间贯穿整个熊耳期，以早期和晚期最为发育。次火山岩与围岩呈侵入接触，主要以岩脉(墙)、岩带、岩株、岩床等形态产出。岩石类型多样，包括超浅成一浅成的基性、中性、酸性岩石。岩石地球化学研究表明：次火山岩富FeO^*、K2O而贫CaO、MgO、Al2O3，为钾质岩系，具岛弧型火山岩的地球化学，不同岩性的次火山岩是由同源岩浆结晶分异形成的。 相似文献
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冈底斯中段林子宗火山岩岩石地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
广泛发育在冈底斯岩浆岩带中的林子宗火山岩及其与下伏地层间的区域不整合提供了印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的重要证据.谢通门地区的林子宗火山岩早期以中基性-中性岩为主,夹少量流纹质凝灰岩,晚期以流纹质火山岩为主.岩石学和地球化学研究表明,这套火山岩早期以钙碱性为主,带有较多陆缘火山岩特征,中期开始出现标志陆内活动的钾玄岩,晚期更多地显示了加厚陆壳条件下火山岩的特点,记录了由新特提斯俯冲消减末期过渡到印度-亚洲大陆碰撞的信息.中基性岩浆来源于俯冲带的地幔源区,长英质岩浆形成于加厚地壳的部分熔融.结合区域同位素年龄资料,可以认为林子宗火山岩中高钾流纹质火山岩是印度-亚洲大陆碰撞阶段陆壳缩短加压升温引起部分熔融的产物. 相似文献
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Structures of four generations are decipherable both in the pre-Delhi rocks of central Rajasthan, and in the Delhi rocks of Khetri in northeastern Rajasthan and around Todgarh in central Rajasthan. There is a remarkable identity in the later phases of the deformational history of the two groups, with gravity-induced structures followed by conjugate folds due to longitudinal shortening (N-S in northeastern Rajasthan and NE-SW in central Rajasthan). The earlier stages of the structural history of the two groups are, however, significantly different. The E-W-trending reclined folds of the first generation in the pre-Delhi rocks are absent in the Delhi rocks throughout Rajasthan. The NNE- to NE-trending folds of the second generation in the pre-Delhi groups are upright, whereas these structures in the Delhi rocks are of two phases—recumbent folds, followed by coaxial upright folds. The folds of the first and the second phases in the Delhi rocks plunge gently NE or SW where they are not affected by subsequent deformations. But the NE-trending folds in the pre-Delhi rocks show an extreme variation in axial plunge from horizontal to vertical, even where they are unaffected by later movements. Evidence has been adduced to suggest that these differences in the earlier phases of the structural evolution of the two groups are due to an angular unconformity between the Delhi and the pre-Delhi rocks. 相似文献
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HETEROGENEITY OF THE LITHOSPHERE IN TIBETAN PLATEAU ON THE CONSTRAINTS OF MAGMATISM 相似文献
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A.O. Volynets M.M. Pevzner M.L. Tolstykh A.D. Babansky 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(12):1577-1591
Based on the geochemical characteristics of the Miocene-Quaternary volcanic rocks of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka, we divide it into northern and southern provinces; the latter comprises the “eastern”, “western”, and “central” flanks. We present new data on the composition of Neogene-Quaternary volcanic rocks in the southern part of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka: Khangar and Icha volcanic massifs and Mt. Yurtinaya on the “western” flank, Bystrinsky and Kozyrevsky Ridges on the “eastern” flank, and Anaunsky Dol and Uksichan massif located in between. We show systematic differences in the composition of rocks from the “western” and “eastern” flanks. During the Neogene, a typical island-arc volcanism took place within the “eastern” flank. Quaternary volcanic rocks of this area have both island-arc and within-plate geochemical features. We propose to call rocks of this type hybrid rocks. Within the “western” flank, hybrid volcanism has been manifested since the Neogene, while typical island-arc rocks are not found. Magma generation processes on the “western” flank of the Sredinny Ridge are influenced by an enriched mantle source; the effect of fluid is less pronounced here as compared to the rocks of the “eastern” flank, where it is clearly traced. 相似文献
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青城子矿田小佟家堡子、杨树等金银矿床内常见有含大量富含玉髓和石英的岩石,通常称为硅质岩。通过野外观察、镜下鉴定,岩石矿物中流体包裹体及矿床成矿同位素年代学研究表明,此类岩石受控于同一构造系统,为一个岩性连续变化的岩石系列,本身往往构成矿（化）体,与金银成矿关系密切,岩石矿物内含有大量原生流体包裹体,未发现变质作用改造迹象,流体成分与印支期花岗岩关系密切,金矿床经Rb-Sr等时线法和40Ar/39Ar法研究,形成的地质年龄为239.46±1.13Ma。结果表明,青城子硅质岩是印支期岩体侵入作用形成的岩浆流体与地下水等水体混合形成一种混合热液,沿围岩的断裂进入层间滑脱空间内,对围岩进行交代,形成的硅化交代蚀变岩。 相似文献
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位于班公湖 怒江缝合带与雅鲁藏布江缝合带之间的措勤盆地,在中侏罗世—早白垩世期间具有以且坎古昌 阿索裂谷带为沉积、沉降中心向南北两侧展开的古地理格局:①中晚侏罗世时期,裂谷带内由深水浊积岩、放射虫硅质岩和浅水碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩岩片及基性—超基性岩等组成;裂谷带两侧由滨浅海相碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组成。该期盆地古地理演化具有先变深后变浅的沉积序列。②早白垩世早中期,裂谷带内仍由基性—超基性岩、深水复理石碎屑岩及放射虫硅质岩和浅水碳酸盐岩及碎屑岩组成;裂谷带两侧的日松革吉它日错分区主要由浅海相碎屑岩和灰岩组成;盆地南北部的措勤 申扎分区和木嘎岗日分区主要由滨岸 三角洲相碎屑岩及火山岩组成。各相带在纵向上均具有向上变深沉积序列。③早白垩世晚期,盆地以台地相碳酸盐岩沉积为主,裂谷带附近以发育台地边缘礁滩相沉积;裂谷带两侧的日松 革吉 它日错分区主要由开阔台地相灰岩组成;盆地南北部的措勤 申扎分区和木嘎岗日分区由局限台地相灰岩和陆源进积碎屑岩组成。 相似文献
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青藏高原北部陆相盆地中烃源岩发育层位包括始新统风火山组、渐新统雅西措组和中新统五道梁组。古近系雅西措组烃源岩,特别是灰岩属于中好烃源岩范畴,有机质类型较好,且烃源岩主体处于成熟阶段,是藏北高原新生代陆相盆地主力烃源岩的发育层位。陆相盆地储集岩较发育,储层较丰富,发育层位包括风火山组和雅西措组,其中雅西措组是储层主力分布层位。对测区分析数据表明：通天河盆地具备一定规模的生油岩厚度,而且有机质丰度为沱沱河地区最高,表明其勘探前景较好。 相似文献