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1.
以河南西峡石板沟金矿为例,选择了一条控矿剪切带,对其中成矿地段的近矿蚀变岩和非成矿地段糜棱岩进行了系统的采样,探讨了二者在流体-岩石反应及岩石质量平衡之间的差异性。研究表明,剪切带中矿化地段蚀变岩其岩石体积总是扩容的,非矿化地段糜棱岩在变形过程中体积是损失的。矿化地段蚀变岩活性元素(K、Na、Si)总体呈被带入趋势,非矿化地段糜棱岩活性元素总体呈迁出趋势,糜棱岩的流体岩石率(Nu为93.68—468.40)远大于蚀变岩的流体岩石率(Nc(Ⅳ)s为36.11-216.67),剪切带中常量元素与微量元素富集与损失是渗透性流体带入、带出,岩石的体积损失与扩容综合作用的结果。 相似文献
2.
Discriminations in a local chemical,fluidal,mechanical and thermal processes in a shear zone will lead to metallogenic differentiation in a local section.This paper,based on the general geological setting of the Shibangou gold deposit in Xixia,Henan,deals with petrological and petrochemical samples of altered rocks in the metallogenic section and of mylonites in the non-metallogenic section of a selected shear zone.The discriminations in fluid-rock interaction and petrological mass balance between altered rocks near the orebody and mylonites in the shear zone are discussed as well.The results show that the petrological volume of altered rocks in the metallogenic section of the shear zone is almost always dilatant and the mylonite volume in the non-metallogenic section is almost always lost.Major elements in altered rocks from the metallogenic section and in mylonites from the non-metallogenic section always show a tendency of being enriched and depleted,respectively.Fluid-rock ratios in the mylonites(Nu=93.68-468.40)are larger than those of the altered rocks(NC(Ⅳ）^s=36.11-216.67).The gain and loss of major and trace elements from the altered rocks and mylonites in the shear zone are a composite process to be imported and exported by percolating fluids as well as of the loss and dilatancy of rock volume. 相似文献
3.
剪切带的流体－岩石相互作用 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
作为大陆岩石圈中的应变局部化带，剪切带中一般都渗透着大量流体。流体的来源与剪切带所处的构造背景、流变域和水文条件有关，而剪切带中流体的流动则受岩石的渗透率、孔隙度、孔隙性质、流体的扩散和渗透能力、环境的温压条件、应力或载荷的梯度等因素所制约。剪切带中流体的成分、通量及赋存状态或流动方式，直接影响着岩石的流变。由应变局部化及力学失稳所引起的化学不平衡和由流体与岩石的相互作用，使剪切带岩石的矿物成分和化学成分发生调整，其变异程度取决于原岩的性质、剪切的温压条件和流体的成分及通量等。由于流体的渗透流动和流体与岩石的相互作用使剪切带的体积有所变化，体积变化过程是一种自组织行为。较大的体积亏损，意味着剪切带中渗透过大量的流体，这对剪切带的流变行为、化学行为和成矿作用都有深刻的影响。 相似文献
4.
剪切带的流体－岩石相互作用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
作为大陆岩石圈中的应变局部化带，剪切带中一般都渗透着大量流体。流体的来源与剪切带所处的构造背景、流变域和水文条件有关，而剪切带中流体的流动则受岩石的渗透率、孔隙度、孔隙性质、流体的扩散和渗透能力、环境的温压条件、应力或载荷的梯度等因素所制约。剪切带中流体的成分、通量及赋存状态或流动方式，直接影响着岩石的流变。由应变局部化及力学失稳所引起的化学不平衡和由流体与岩石的相互作用，使剪切带岩石的矿物成分和化学成分发生调整，其变异程度取决于原岩的性质、剪切的温压条件和流体的成分及通量等。由于流体的渗透流动和流体与岩石的相互作用使剪切带的体积有所变化，体积变化过程是一种自组织行为。较大的体积亏损，意味着剪切带中渗透过大量的流体，这对剪切带的流变行为、化学行为和成矿作用都有深刻的影响。 相似文献
5.
郯庐断裂带南段桴槎山韧性剪切带糜棱岩的变形条件和组分迁移系 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：15
本文对郯庐断裂带南段主干断裂典型的韧性剪切带进行了系统的剖析。从糜棱岩塑性变形的亚颗粒化、动态重结晶和矿物成分特征及岩石组分迁移变化等入手进行系统的研究工作，计算了岩石形成的温度、压力和流动应力和流变速率参数；模拟计算了岩石在剪切变形作用下的体积亏损及组分迁移的量值，探讨了变形－变质及流体的相关关系 相似文献
6.
Rock Deformation, Component Migration and ^18O/^16O Variations during Mylonitization in the Southern Tan-Lu Fault Belt 
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下载免费PDF全文 YANG Xiaoyong LIU Deliang FENG Min YU Qingni WANG Kuiren 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(2):297-311
This paper discusses the relationship between the volume loss, fluid flow and component variations in the ductile shear zone of the southern Tan-Lu fault belt. The results show that there is a large amount of fluids flowing through the shear zone during mylonitization, accompanied with the loss of volume of rocks and variations of elements and oxygen isotopes. The calculated temperature for mylonitization in different mylonites ranges from 446 to 484℃, corresponding to that of 475 to 500℃ for the wall rocks. The condition of differential stress during mylonization has been obtained between 99 and 210 MPa, whereas the differential stress in the wall rock gneiss is 70-78 MPa. The mylonites are enriched by factors of 1.32-1.87 in elements such as TiO2, P2O5, MnO, Y, Zr and V and depleted in SiO2, Na2O, K2O, Al203, Sr, Rb and light REEs compared to their protolith gneiss. The immobile element enrichments are attributed to enrichments in residual phases such as ilmentite, zircon, apatite and epidote in mylonites and are interpreted as due to volume losses from 15% to 60% in the ductile shear zone. The largest amount of SiO2 loss is 35.76 g/100 g in the ductile shear zone, which shows the fluid infiltration. Modeling calculated results of the fluid/rock ratio for the ductile shear zone range from 196 to 1192 by assuming different degrees of fluid saturation. Oxygen isotope changes of quartz and feldspar and the calculated fluid are corresponding to the variations of differential flow stress in the ductile shear zone. With increasing differential flow stress, the mylonites show a slight decrease of δ^18O in quartz, K-feldspar and fluid. 相似文献
7.
YANG Xiaoyong LUI Deliang YANG Xueming WANG KuirenDepartment of Earth Space Sciences Advanced Centre for Earth Sciencesand Astronomy University of Science Technology of Chin the Third World Academy of Sciences Hefei Anhui DAI JinxingResearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing Zhu Xiling 《《地质学报》英文版》1998,72(1):37-50
On the basis of field geology, three typical ductile shear zones in the southern part of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault belt have been chosen for a detailed study. Altogether ten samples of the tectonites have been collected for this study. The paper is focused on a comprehensive study of the tectonites in the medium-lower horizons of the ductile shear zones. The mineral compositions of the rocks are analyzed with EPMA and some typical whole-rock samples analyzed by chemical and ICP methods. Based on the comprehensive study of the characteristics of the deformation, the mineral assemblages and the changes of chemical composition of the bulk rocks, this paper presents a discussion on the relationship between the volume loss, the fluid flow and compositional changes during mylonitization of the ductile shear zones in this region. Our study shows that there are a large amount of fluids flowing through the shear zones during the process of mylonization, accompanied by the loss of rock volume and migration of el 相似文献
8.
Fluid-rock interaction in some shear zones from the Pyrenees 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A. M. McCAIG 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1984,2(2):129-141
Abstract Mylonites from shear zones cutting Hercynian gneisses in the central Pyrenees have been studied in thin section and using the electron microprobe. The shear zones contain retrogressive greenschist facies assemblages implying introduction of an aqueous fluid during deformation in the zones. Textural evidence suggests that fluid-rock interaction occurred throughout the active life of the shear zones.
Whole-rock chemical changes during deformation are documented in a variety of mylonitic lithologies and retrogressed country rocks. The overall effect was to reduce chemical differences between lithologies. Activity diagrams show that this would be expected if a hydrous fluid was circulating between different lithologies during deformation. In most cases fluid/rock ratios were relatively small resulting in gradual chemical changes and repeated recrystallization. 'Open-system'behaviour with reduction in the number of phases is seen in some granite mylonites, suggesting focusing of fluid movement in parts of the shear zones. Continual fluid-rock interaction may have led to reaction-enhanced ductility in the shear zones over a long period of time. The source of fluid is uncertain, but may be related to underthrusting of material beneath the area investigated. 相似文献
Whole-rock chemical changes during deformation are documented in a variety of mylonitic lithologies and retrogressed country rocks. The overall effect was to reduce chemical differences between lithologies. Activity diagrams show that this would be expected if a hydrous fluid was circulating between different lithologies during deformation. In most cases fluid/rock ratios were relatively small resulting in gradual chemical changes and repeated recrystallization. 'Open-system'behaviour with reduction in the number of phases is seen in some granite mylonites, suggesting focusing of fluid movement in parts of the shear zones. Continual fluid-rock interaction may have led to reaction-enhanced ductility in the shear zones over a long period of time. The source of fluid is uncertain, but may be related to underthrusting of material beneath the area investigated. 相似文献
9.
S-C Mylonites 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Two types of foliations are commonly developed in mylonites and mylonitic rocks: (a) S-surfaces related to the accumulation of finite strain and (b) C-surfaces related to displacement discontinuities or zones of relatively high shear strain. There are two types of S-C mylonites. Type I S-C mylonites, described by Berthé et al., typically occur in deformed granitoids. They involve narrow zones of intense shear strain which cut across (mylonitic) foliation.Type II S-C mylonites (described here) have widespread occurrence in quartz-mica rocks involved in zones of intense non-coaxial laminar flow. The C-surfaces are defined by trails of mica ‘fish’ formed as the result of microscopic displacement discontinuities or zones of very high shear strain. The S-surfaces are defined by oblique foliations in the adjacent quartz aggregates, formed as the result of dynamic recrystallization which periodically resets the ‘finite-strain clock’. These oblique foliations are characterized by grain elongations, alignments of segments of the grain boundary enveloping surfaces, and by trails of grains with similar c-axis orientations.Examples of this aspect of foliation development in mylonitic rocks are so widespread that we suggest the creation of a broad class of S-C tectonites, and a deviation from the general tradition of purely geometric analysis of foliation and time relationships. Kinematic indicators such as those discussed here allow the recognition of kilometre-scale zones of intense non-coaxial laminar flow in crustal rocks, and unambiguous determination of the sense of shear. 相似文献
10.
孙胜龙 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1992,(4)
野外地质填图及室内工作表明,夹皮沟剪切带可以划分为早期韧性剪切带(>2500Ma)和晚期脆—韧性剪切带(2000～1600Ma).韧性剪切作用是在角闪岩相条件下形成,以位错、扩散蠕变变形为主,体系内岩石成分与体积基本保持不变,为封闭体系,与矿化关系不密切.脆—韧性剪切作用形成一系列片糜岩,岩石以微破裂及溶解—沉淀变形为主,体系内岩石成分与体积都发生变化,为开放体系,与矿化关系密切.韧性及脆—韧性剪切带的基础岩石是长英质片麻岩,但脆—韧性剪切带被韧性剪切带所限定,并在韧性剪切带基础上形成. 相似文献
11.
In this paper we present new data on the spatial variability of peridotite composition across a kilometer-scale mantle shear
zone within the Lanzo massif (Western Alps, Italy). The shear zone separates the central from the northern part of the massif.
Plagioclase peridotite shows gradually increasing deformation towards the shear zone, from porphyroclastic to mylonitic textures
in the central body, while the northern body is composed of porphyroclastic rocks. The peridotite displays a large range of
compositions, from fertile peridotite to refractory harzburgite and dunite. Deformed peridotites (proto-mylonite and mylonites)
tend to be compositionally more homogeneous and fertile than weakly deformed peridotites. The composition of most plagioclase
peridotites show rather high and constant (Ce/Yb)
N
ratios, and Yb
N
that cannot be explained by any simple melting model. Instead, refertilization modeling, consisting of melt increments from
spinel peridotite sources, particularly with E-MORB melt, reasonably reproduces the plagioclase peridotite whole rock composition.
Combined with constraints from Ce–Nb and Ce–Th systematics, we speculate that peridotites such as those from Lanzo record
pervasive refertilization processes in the thermal boundary layer. In this scenario, mantle shear zones might act as important
areas of melt focusing in the upper mantle that separates the thermal boundary layer from the conductively cooled mantle. 相似文献
12.
南岗-高公岛韧性剪切带是一条自南东向北西斜向逆冲的岩片边界性构造带,糜棱岩化作用强烈。韧性变形过程中,岩石中的主要矿物长石、黑云母等发生了不同程度的分解或蚀变并导致组分迁移。其中,活动组分的迁移是流体渗滤作用引起的,不活动组分的变异是体积亏损造成的。通过对韧性剪切带内不同变形程度岩石主要地球化学组分的对比分析,确立等比线斜率,计算出初糜棱岩的体积亏损率约为17%,糜棱岩的体积亏损率约为27%;质量平衡计算结果及等比线图表明韧性剪切作用导致SiO2流失量最大,其次为Al2O3,FeO、CaO、Na2O等都有不同程度的丢失,表明它们具有较强的活动性,MgO位于等比线上方,属于带入组分。糜棱岩中的石英或长英质条带和团块是长石的钠黝帘石化、绢云母化和黑云母的绿泥石化等导致SiO2、Al2O3、Na2O、CaO、FeO等活动组分从岩石中析出迁移形成的。这种岩石体积亏损和组分迁移是部分难溶组分富集的重要机制,对研究韧性剪切带中长英质条带和部分贵金属矿床的形成机制具有重要的指导作用。 相似文献
13.
基于对粤西河台韧性剪切带型金矿的构造解析,本文提出了韧性剪切带型金矿成矿的一种新构造模式,即:在大型韧性剪切带运动指向的前锋,当扩展弱化而出现分支糜棱岩带时,就会在韧性剪切带中出现由强变形带包绕的构造透镜体弱变形域。由于透镜体域中央岩石处于脆性环境,在变形分解过程中,强变形带中含金流体会通过岩石中的微破裂渗透到相对低压的弱变形构造透镜体域中央,并通过构造泵吸机制在其中产生周期性的液压致裂与裂开‒愈合,这为在韧性剪切阶段活动的金提供了一个理想的沉淀场所。上述构造机制很好地解释了河台金矿床中透镜状特富矿体的成因。河台含金韧性剪切带在韧性、韧‒脆性及脆性阶段在同位空间并列与叠加了不同类型金矿体,从早到晚分别形成细脉‒浸染型、石英脉型与破碎带蚀变岩型金矿体。河台韧性剪切带群为粤西深层次逆冲推覆构造前缘陡坡带的分支糜棱岩带,其韧性剪切阶段为左旋平‒逆剪切,韧‒脆性与脆性阶段转变为右旋平‒逆剪切,并依此讨论了金矿体的侧伏规律及隐伏矿体的预测方向。 相似文献
14.
Interdependence of deformation, fluid infiltration and reaction progress recorded in eclogitic metagranitoids (Sesia Zone, Western Alps) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
G. L. FRÜH-GREEN 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1994,12(3):327-343
The effects of high-strain deformation and fluid infiltration during Alpine eclogite facies metamorphism have been studied across ductile shear zones in relatively undeformed metagranitoids at Monte Mucrone (Sesia Zone, Western Alps, Italy). Microfabrics together with bulk rock and stable isotope data indicate that the mineralogical and chemical variations are related to the degree of deformation, rather than to changes in P-T conditions or tectonic position. Transformation of meta-quartz diorite to recrystallized eclogitic mylonites involved the breakdown of biotite and plagioclase and required the influx of H2O. Bulk-rock geochemical data show that ductile deformation to form eclogitic mylonites involved an increase in volume with a weight percent gain in H2O and Si and variable loss of K, Na, Ca and Al. δ18O changes systematically across ductile shear zones into the undeformed country rocks. Constant values in shear zone centres indicate advection parallel to the shear zone and within 10 cm of the mylonites. A dominant component of diffusive oxygen exchange perpendicular to the shear zones produced isotopic fronts, evident from a gradual increase in δ18O values to the reference values of the country rocks. The degree of isotopic shift within the shear zones reflects increasing deformation and degree of reaction progress. Multiple phases of Alpine deformation and mineral growth are recognized in the Monte Mucrone metagranitoids, and in some cases, eclogite facies shear zones were reactivated under greenschist facies conditions. The results of this study suggest that high-strain deformation provided pathways for both synkinematic and post-kinematic metamorphic fluids which were necessary for complete reactions. Relict igneous fabrics, as well as the presence of corona textures around biotite and pseudomorphs after primary igneous plagioclase in the least deformed rocks, indicate a paucity of hydrous fluids and support the conclusion that fluid movement was channelled rather than pervasive. 相似文献
15.
Rocks occurring in narrow shear zones (<4 m wide) in a gabbro–anorthositenear Nusfjord, Flakstadøy, Lofoten, Norway, include Cl-enrichedmineral assemblages, Cl-free mineral assemblages and eclogite-faciesassemblages. Mineral equilibria calculations suggest that thedifferent mineral assemblages formed under similar pressureand temperature conditions, at P = 11–14 kbar and T =650–700°C. One reason for the mineralogical variationsof the shear zones is that the rocks evolved from three distinctlydifferent protolith types. Interactions between the rocks andan externally derived Cl-bearing hydrous fluid during shearzone formation resulted in a strong fractionation of the hydrousfluid, and extreme compositional variations of the hydrous mineralphases that formed in equilibrium with the fluid. Parts of theshear zone rocks experienced multiple infiltrations of fluidsof different compositions because of local fluctuations of thefluid phase during the fluid–rock interactions. Duringthe deformation, the externally derived fluid was introducedthrough the transiently highly permeable central parts of theshear zones. The fraction of the fluid that did not escape wasrapidly consumed during subsequent hydration reactions. KEY WORDS: shear zone; fluid–rock reaction; Lofoten; Norway 相似文献
16.
17.
海南公爱NW向韧性剪切带构造特征及其~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年代学约束 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
在海南岛西部公爱地区识别出NW向韧性剪切带,其野外构造解析和显微构造分析表明,公爱NW向韧性剪切带早期为右旋剪切,变形温度约300～450℃。对该韧性剪切带糜棱岩样品中白云母单矿物的40Ar39Ar定年结果表明:样品04HN17和04HN18分别给出了250.0±1.0Ma和248.0±1.0Ma的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄,为印支早期变形产物。海南公爱NW向韧性剪切带变形运动学和变形时序与印支北部NW向韧性剪切带(如SongMa地区)具有很好的一致性,这为理解公爱地区早中生代构造演化及华南陆块和印支半岛印支期构造演化提供了新的信息。 相似文献
18.
The Qolqoleh gold deposit is located in the northwestern part of the Sanandai‐Sirjan Zone, northwest of Iran. Gold mineralization in the Qolqoleh deposit is almost entirely confined to a series of steeply dipping ductile–brittle shear zones generated during Late Cretaceous–Tertiary continental collision between the Afro‐Arabian and the Iranian microcontinent. The host rocks are Mesozoic volcano‐sedimentary sequences consisting of felsic to mafic metavolcanics, which are metamorphosed to greenschist facies, sericite and chlorite schists. The gold orebodies were found within strong ductile deformation to late brittle deformation. Ore‐controlling structure is NE–SW‐trending oblique thrust with vergence toward south ductile–brittle shear zone. The highly strained host rocks show a combination of mylonitic and cataclastic microstructures, including crystal–plastic deformation and grain size reduction by recrystalization of quartz and mica. The gold orebodies are composed of Au‐bearing highly deformed and altered mylonitic host rocks and cross‐cutting Au‐ and sulfide‐bearing quartz veins. Approximately half of the mineralization is in the form of dissemination in the mylonite and the remainder was clearly emplaced as a result of brittle deformation in quartz–sulfide microfractures, microveins and veins. Only low volumes of gold concentration was introduced during ductile deformation, whereas, during the evident brittle deformation phase, competence contrasts allowed fracturing to focus on the quartz–sericite domain boundaries of the mylonitic foliation, thus permitting the introduction of auriferous fluid to create disseminated and cross‐cutting Au‐quartz veins. According to mineral assemblages and alteration intensity, hydrothermal alteration could be divided into three zones: silicification and sulfidation zone (major ore body); sericite and carbonate alteration zone; and sericite–chlorite alteration zone that may be taken to imply wall‐rock interaction with near neutral fluids (pH 5–6). Silicified and sulfide alteration zone is observed in the inner parts of alteration zones. High gold grades belong to silicified highly deformed mylonitic and ultramylonitic domains and silicified sulfide‐bearing microveins. Based on paragenetic relationships, three main stages of mineralization are recognized in the Qolqoleh gold deposit. Stage I encompasses deposition of large volumes of milky quartz and pyrite. Stage II includes gray and buck quartz, pyrite and minor calcite, sphalerite, subordinate chalcopyrite and gold ores. Stage III consists of comb quartz and calcite, magnetite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite and gold ores. Studies on regional geology, ore geology and ore‐forming stages have proved that the Qolqoleh deposit was formed in the compression–extension stage during the Late Cretaceous–Tertiary continental collision in a ductile–brittle shear zone, and is characterized by orogenic gold deposits. 相似文献
19.
Pedro Oyhantçabal Siegfried Siegesmund Klaus Wemmer Paul Layer 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(6):1227-1246
The Sierra Ballena Shear Zone (SBSZ) is part of a high-strain transcurrent system that divides the Neoproterozoic Dom Feliciano
Belt of South America into two different domains. The basement on both sides of the SBSZ shows a deformation stage preceding
that of the transcurrent deformation recognized as a high temperature mylonitic foliation associated with migmatization. Grain
boundary migration and fluid-assisted grain boundary diffusion enhanced by partial melting were the main deformation mechanisms
associated with this foliation. Age estimate of this episode is >658 Ma. The second stage corresponds to the start of transpressional
deformation and the nucleation and development of the SBSZ. During this stage, pure shear dominates the deformation, and is
characterized by the development of conjugate dextral and sinistral shear zones and the emplacement of syntectonic granites.
This event dates to 658–600 Ma based on the age of these intrusions. The third stage was a second transpressional event at
about 586 to <560 Ma that was associated with the emplacement of porphyry dikes and granites that show evidence of flattening.
Deformation in the SBSZ took place, during the late stages, under regional low-grade conditions, as indicated by the metamorphic
paragenesis in the supracrustals of the country rocks. Granitic mylonites show plastic deformation of quartz and brittle behavior
of feldspar. A transition from magmatic to solid-state microstructures is also frequently observed in syntectonic granites.
Mylonitic porphyries and quartz mylonites resulted from the deformation of alkaline porphyries and quartz veins emplaced in
the shear zone. Quartz veins reflect the release of silica associated with the breakdown of feldspar to white mica during
the evolution of the granitic mylonites to phyllonites, which resulted in shear zone weakening. Quartz microstructures characteristic
of the transition between regime 2 and regime 3, grain boundary migration and incipient recrystallization in feldspar indicate
deformation under lower amphibolite to upper greenschist conditions (550–400°C). On the other hand, the mylonitic porphyries
display evidence of feldspar recrystallization suggesting magmatic or high-T solid-state deformation during cooling of the
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