共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(2)
认识离心振动台-吊篮-岩土模型运动耦合关系对离心振动台发展和动力离心试验数值仿真具有重要意义,针对吊篮具有轻、柔特点,开展了大型离心振动台设计方法与耦合运动关系等相关问题研究。首先对比分析大型离心振动台关键问题和设计方法,建立了液压执行机构耦合关系等效简化模型;其次,推导离心振动台系统耦合运动传递函数,进行了一系列影响参数研究。结果表明,提高阻尼比和质量比是降低离心振动台与吊篮谐振现象的有效方法,其中质量比考虑离心机有效容量,推荐为4;吊篮刚度过大将加重二者谐振,橡胶剪切支座刚度对谐振无明显影响。 相似文献
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大型振动离心机设备设计关键技术研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
大型振动离心机作为代表岩土地震工程最高试验技术水平的新型尖端试验设备,目前全球仪有美国和日本各1台,而我国目前为空白,与我国严峻的地震形势、复杂的工程地质环境与高速发展的工程建设不相匹配.文中概述了国际大型振动离心机建设现状,通过跟踪现有两台大型振动离心机技术发展,分析比较了优缺点,研究了大型振动离心机设备设计关键技术.分析表明,振动台的振动容量和振动负载为振动离心机的核心技术指标,振动台为大型振动离心机建设是否成功的关键;振动台设计的核心是电液伺服激振系统,决定了振动台的总体运行性能;振动台设计的要点是台体和动力源,分别决定着系统支承和动力的性能;离心机和振动台之间相互影响和制约,多种因素需要协调考虑.同时,文中对其中部分问题提出了解决对策和建议,可为国内大型振动离心机设备设计提供帮助和参考. 相似文献
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面板堆石坝的动力离心模型试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究面板堆石坝的地震响应规律,采用Parkfield波作为地震动输入,在清华大学50g-t土工离心机上进行了动力离心模型试验.试验在50倍重力加速度条件下采用电液伺服离心机振动台系统完成,采用加速度传感器测量了模型不同位置动力响应的加速度时程并且测量了面板的变形.结果表明,地震最大响应发生于坝顶,该处地震动放大系数接... 相似文献
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宽频带超低频标准振动台的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
主要介绍了为中国地震局工程力学研究所振动计量实验室的技术升级项目研制的垂直和水平超低频振动台.水平振动台采用单导轨结构,大大提高了振动位移,达150mm(p-p),同时加宽了使用频率范围,可从0.01～250Hz ,而且加工、安装、调试、维护都十分方便.振动台取消了机械弹簧,代之以自动控制电弹簧,比原振动台的超低频性能大为改善,在控制方面,采用相对速度与绝对速度复合反馈技术.振动台的波形失真度,振级稳定性、横向振动比、低频背景噪声等各项技术指标达到或超过国际标准,为低频、超低频振动传感器的检定提供更精更准确的检定装置. 相似文献
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《地震研究》2020,(3)
回顾并总结我国土工离心机的发展历程、现状及趋势,概括了现役设备的性能指标和功能特点。以中国地震局工程力学研究所DCIME-40-300土工离心机为例,阐述了针对地震韧性工程研制土工离心机的关键技术,包括土工离心机、离心振动台、主机室冷却系统、降雨模拟系统、冻融循环系统等,给出了解决关键难题的基本思路与总体设计方案。针对离心振动台性能评价需求,提出了离心振动台性能测试方法与评价指标,并给出了若干性能测试结果。结果显示:正弦波输入时,平均波形失真度约为10.7%;地震波输入时,平均幅值误差约为4.44%,平均频谱面积误差约为5.89%,均优于相关行业标准规定的技术指标。 相似文献
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多塔长跨斜拉桥受力复杂,采用轻质结合梁时结构地震响应更具特点.本文以某主跨为616m的三塔结合梁斜拉桥为工程背景,制作动力缩尺模型进行三台阵振动台试验.在单向一致激励振动台试验的基础上,进行多维激励、多点激励振动台试验,并与数值分析结果进行比较验证.试验结果表明:此结构的基本振型为中塔纵弯与主梁竖弯的耦合振动.纵向一致地震作用下,主塔及主梁均会有较大的地震响应;横向一致地震激励下,中塔地震响应较边塔更为不利.多点激励振动台试验表明,行波效应使得各构件地震响应不同程度增大;最后,通过多维地震激励下试验结果验证了规范中方向组合计算方法的准确性. 相似文献
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对土石坝振动台模型试验理论和技术进行系统阐述,提出基于原型和模型坝料静、动力特性试验的模型相似设计方法和不同强度地震动递进输入(白噪声微振-设计地震-校核地震-破坏试验)的振动试验方法。基于1g大型振动台和ng超重力离心机振动台设备性能现状,结合高土石坝的结构特点和动力试验相似模拟要求,对土石坝振动台模型试验的优势及局限进行深入讨论。结合已有的工程实践,对土石坝振动台模型试验在工程中的应用进行总结,并以某实际高面板堆石坝为例研究面板坝生命周期内经历多次地震情况下结构动力特性的演化规律。 相似文献
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NEES系统中振动离心机最新进展及国内振动离心机发展设想 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
美国地震工程网络模拟系统(NEES)代表了国际地震工程试验技术的最新发展趋势,其中振动离心机的建设占有重要地位,而国内振动离心机的现状与我国辽阔的地域、复杂的工程地质条件、高速发展的经济建设以及严峻的地震形势十分不相称。文中概述了我国振动离心机的现状和客观需求,对NEES系统中振动离心机的发展进行了跟踪研究,通过分析UCDavis和RPI两台振动离心机的发展历程和最新进展,阐述了我国振动离心机发展的必要性及重点。强调应加强离心机振动台技术的研发,根据国内当前土动力学和岩土地震工程科学研究的需要,提出了以振动负载为主要指标的思想,指出了发展重点应放在振动负载、频宽、多向、低频位移、辅助试验功能和网络化功能等方面,对一些重要指标提出了建议。 相似文献
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Xiaodong Ji Kouichi Kajiwara Takuya Nagae Ryuta Enokida Masayoshi Nakashima 《地震工程与结构动力学》2009,38(12):1381-1399
When subjected to long‐period ground motions, high‐rise buildings' upper floors undergo large responses. Furniture and nonstructural components are susceptible to significant damage in such events. This paper proposes a full‐scale substructure shaking table test to reproduce large floor responses of high‐rise buildings. The response at the top floor of a virtual 30‐story building model subjected to a synthesized long‐period ground motion is taken as a target wave for reproduction. Since a shaking table has difficulties in directly reproducing such large responses due to various capacity limitations, a rubber‐and‐mass system is proposed to amplify the table motion. To achieve an accurate reproduction of the floor responses, a control algorithm called the open‐loop inverse dynamics compensation via simulation (IDCS) algorithm is used to generate a special input wave for the shaking table. To implement the IDCS algorithm, the model matching method and the H∞ method are adopted to construct the controller. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the open‐loop IDCS algorithm and compare the performance of different methods of controller design. A series of full‐scale substructure shaking table tests are conducted in E‐Defense to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and examine the seismic behavior of furniture. The test results demonstrate that the rubber‐and‐mass system is capable of amplifying the table motion by a factor of about 3.5 for the maximum velocity and displacement, and the substructure shaking table test can reproduce the large floor responses for a few minutes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Innovative substructuring technique for hybrid simulation of multistory buildings through collapse 
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下载免费PDF全文 Hybrid simulation combines numerical and experimental methods for cost‐effective, large‐scale testing of structures under simulated dynamic earthquake loads. Particularly for experimental seismic collapse simulation of structures, hybrid testing can be an attractive alternative to earthquake simulators due to the limited capacity of most facilities and the difficulties and risks associated with a collapsing structure on a shaking table. The benefits of hybrid simulation through collapse can be further enhanced through accurate and practical substructuring techniques that do not require testing the entire structure. An innovative substructuring technique for hybrid simulation of structures subjected to large deformations is proposed to simplify the boundary conditions by overlapping the domains between the numerical and experimental subassemblies. The advantages of this substructuring technique are the following: it requires only critical components of the structure to be tested experimentally; it reduces the number of actuators at the interface of the experimental subassemblies; and it can be implemented using typically available equipment in laboratories. Compared with previous overlapping methods that have been applied in hybrid simulation, this approach requires additional sensing in the hybrid simulation feedback loop to obtain internal member forces, but provides significantly better accuracy in the highly nonlinear range. The proposed substructuring technique is verified numerically and validated experimentally, using the response of a four‐story moment‐resisting frame that was previously tested to collapse on an earthquake simulator. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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An extensive experimental study of the dynamic interaction between the foundation block for the NEES/UCSD Large High Performance Outdoor Shake Table and the surrounding soil was conducted in 2003. The vibrations induced by the two NEES@UCLA large eccentric mass shakers were recorded at multiple stations within the reinforced concrete foundation block and on the surface of the surrounding soil up to distances of 270 m from the block. The present paper focuses on analysis of the data recorded within the reaction block including the average rigid body motion of the foundation and its dependence on frequency, and the deformation of the block for longitudinal (EW), transverse (NS), and torsional excitation. Comparison of the reaction block response during shaker induced vibrations with that for the much stronger actuator forces shows that linearity holds for the range of forces involved. Comparisons with analytical results for a simplified model of the foundation show good agreement between experimental and theoretical results. 相似文献
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This paper explores the notion of detailing reinforced concrete structural walls to develop base and mid‐height plastic hinges to better control the seismic response of tall cantilever wall buildings to strong shaking. This concept, termed here dual‐plastic hinge (DPH) concept, is used to reduce the effects of higher modes of response in high‐rise buildings. Higher modes can significantly increase the flexural demands in tall cantilever wall buildings. Lumped‐mass Euler–Bernoulli cantilevers are used to model the case‐study buildings examined in this paper. Buildings with 10, 20 and 40 stories are designed according to three different approaches: ACI‐318, Eurocode 8 and the proposed DPH concept. The buildings are designed and subjected to three‐specific historical strong near‐fault ground motions. The investigation clearly shows the dual‐hinge design concept is effective at reducing the effects of the second mode of response. An advantage of the concept is that, when combined with capacity design, it can result in relaxation of special reinforcing detailing in large portions of the walls. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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It is clear that base isolation is a sensible strategic design in attenuating the responses of a structural system induced by ground motions. The design of seismically isolated structures is mainly governed by the Uniform Building Code (UBC) published by the International Conference of Building Officials. The UBC code emphasizes a simple, statically equivalent design method that displacements of an isolated structure are concentrated at the isolation level. Therefore, the superstructure nearly moves as a rigid body and the design forces of elements above isolators are based on the behaviour of isolators at the design displacement. However, in the UBC code, the distribution of inertial (or lateral) forces over the height of the superstructure above isolation has been found to be too conservative for most isolated structures. In view of this, two simple and reasonable design formulae for the lateral force distribution on isolated structures have been proposed in this paper. Results obtained from a full‐scale isolated structure tested on the shaking table and numerical analyses of two additional examples verify the suitability of design formulae. It is illustrated that the proposed formulae can predict well the lateral force distribution on isolated structures during earthquakes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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R.Rana T.T.Soong 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2004,3(1):85-100
A dual isolation problem for rotating machines consists of isolation of housing structures from the machinevi brations and protection of machines during an earthquake to maintain their functionality. Desirable characteristics of machine mounts for the above two purposes can differ significantly due to difference in nature of the excitation and performance criteria in the two situations. In this paper, relevant response quantities are identified that may be used to quantify performance and simplified models of rotating machines are presented using which these relevant response quantities may be calculated. Using random vibration approach with a stationary excitation, it is shown that significant improvement in seismic performance is achievable by proper mount design. Results of shaking table experiments performed with a realistic setup using a centrifugal pump are presented. It is concluded that a solution to this dual isolation problem lies in a semi-active mount capable of switching its properties from ‘operation-optimum’ to ‘seismic-optimum’ at the onset of a seismic event. 相似文献
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基于位移设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究(Ⅱ):振动台试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过模型振动台试验研究了基于位移设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩的抗震性能。以完成的拟静力试验中的桥墩试件为参考原型,利用基于位移抗震设计方法和现行桥梁抗震规范方法设计了4根1:2的钢筋混凝土桥墩试件并进行了模型振动台试验。对小震、中震和大震作用下桥墩试件的破坏形态、加速度和位移反应、位移延性系数和地震总输入能(耗能)等方面进行了比较分析。综合拟静力试验和振动台试验结果,可以认为基于位移设计的钢筋混凝土桥墩能够达到预期的延性抗震要求。 相似文献