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辽河群沉积期古环境分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
根据辽河群地质特征，岩石化学，稳定同位素特征分析认为：浪子山组沉积期方环境为浅海潮坪相；里尔峪组沉积期为强氧化泻湖相；高家峪组沉积期为强还原环境的泻湖相；大石桥组沉积环境为低能、还原环境的滨海碳酸盐台地相；盖县组沉积期为开阔正常浅海潮坪相。辽河群从发生发展到结束古环境演化规律是：构造上由优地槽向冒地槽演变；气候上由炎热转变为温湿；古地理环境从有障壁的局限海变为无障壁的开阔海，从咸化海向正常海，从泻湖相向潮坪相转化。物质补给由火山为主转为陆源碎屑为主。 相似文献
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运用沉积学、地层学、板块构造学等学科理论,分析了临清坳陷晚古生代沉积特征,采用单因素分析多因素综合作图法进行岩相古地理编图,总结出其盆地演化特征。研究结果表明：临清坳陷晚古生代沉积类型主要包括障壁—潟湖沉积、潮坪沉积、碳酸盐岩台地沉积、河控浅水三角洲沉积及曲流河—湖泊沉积。编制5张岩相古地理图,分析发现：本溪期以潮坪相和碳酸盐岩台地相沉积为主;太原期以碳酸盐岩台地相、障壁—潟湖相以及潮坪相沉积为主;山西期以河控浅水三角洲相沉积为主;下石盒子期主要是曲流河道和泛滥平原沉积为主;上石盒子期主要以曲流河与湖泊沉积为主。研究区盆地演化可以划分为3个阶段：第1阶段为晚石炭世至早二叠的本溪期与太原期,主要是陆表海充填沉积阶段;第2阶段为过渡环境沉积充填阶段,即二叠世山西期;第3阶段为陆相环境沉积阶段,包括上石盒子和下石盒子期。 相似文献
3.
本文根据福建省溪口组岩石组合类型、沉积构造、生态组合类型、粘土岩微量元素等沉积特征,对溪口期沉积水体的古水深、古流向以及沉积相的展布进行了分析,认为溪口期早时自南东往北西依次分布有潮坪泻湖相、台地边缘浅滩相、台地前缘斜坡相和陆棚边缘盆地相;溪口期晚时沉积相单一为潮坪泻湖相分布,可细分为潮坪亚相和泻湖亚相。同时对控制沉积盆地的同沉积期构造的活动性质和构造背景作了探讨,认为沉积盆地的形成与发展是板块扩张下陆内地块裂陷的产物。 相似文献
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一种低能障壁—泻湖含煤沉积体系——以贵州织金晚二叠世煤系上部为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
织金地区位于黔西晚二叠世陆源碎屑沉积的东北缘，为龙谭型含煤沉积，属障壁—泻湖体系。该区煤系上部２煤段的沉积特征代表了一种低能、小规模的障壁—泻湖体系，沉积相由潮坪、淡化泻湖、泥炭沼泽和低能障壁相组成，可称为低能障壁—泻湖含煤沉积体系。 相似文献
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晚二叠世龙潭组沉积期是湖北省境内一次重要的成煤时期,由于煤层的不稳定性,其煤层层数、厚度、煤质等存在明显差异。通过岩性、煤层及古生物研究对比,查明龙潭组由下向上共出现5个煤层,煤层的形成与沉积特征明显受岩相古地理条件所制约。在龙潭组沉积期,湖北省境内总体为"两陆夹一盆"的基本格局,形成潮坪-泻湖-障壁岛沉积体系,该沉积体系是华南海北部沉积区的一个组成部分,由秦淮古陆、海湾泻湖及江南古陆组成,沉积区主要为泻湖相和潮坪相单元,其中沼泽亚相为煤层的最佳沉积环境。 相似文献
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下扬子盆地石炭纪的岩石学特征及沉积相 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
位于扬子板块东部的下扬子盆地，在石炭纪时，为被动大陆边缘的陆表海沉积，陆源碎屑来自于北边的胶南古陆和南边的江南古陆东延部分─—皖浙赣古陆。石炭系分为上、下两统。早石炭世，盆地南部宣城、广德等地主要发育碎屑岩，中部巢县、南京一带以及北部滨海、洪泽一带为碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩沉积。从南往北，金陵期从滨岸碎屑岩相→开阔海台地碳酸盐岩相→潮坪碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩相；高骊山期为滨岸平原沼泽碎屑岩相→浅海陆棚碎屑岩相→海岸萨布哈白云岩、石膏、碎屑岩相；和州期盆地南部隆起，中部到北部为礁及礁后泻湖一潮坪碳酸盐岩相→开阔海台地碳酸盐相。晚石炭世主要是碳酸盐沉积，黄龙期从滨岸石英砾岩相→潮坪白云岩相→开阔海台地碳酸盐岩相；船山期是黄龙期开阔海台地碳酸盐岩相的继续，以发育核形石生物碎屑颗粒岩为特征。整个盆地的岩相带均以ＮＥＥ—ＮＥ方向展布。 相似文献
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西藏羌塘盆地中侏罗世布曲期及夏里期岩相古地理与油气远景 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
在露头剖面地层学及沉积学研究的基础上,采用单因素分析多因素综合作图法,编制了西藏羌塘盆地中侏罗世布曲期和夏里期的单因素图和岩相古地理图。布曲期以碳酸盐岩沉积为主,自北而南依次发育局限台地（潮坪、泻湖）、开阔台地（台盆、浅滩/点礁）、台缘礁/浅滩、台缘斜坡、盆地等沉积（亚）相;夏里期以陆源碎屑沉积为主,发育泻湖、潮坪、滨岸、陆棚等沉积（亚）相。布曲组台盆和泻湖相泥灰岩和泥晶灰岩是良好的烃源岩,台缘礁和浅滩相碳酸盐岩是良好的储集岩,而上覆的夏里组泻湖和潮坪相泥岩和膏盐层是良好的区域性盖层,共同构成良好的生、储、盖组合。该生储盖组合大都被上覆的上侏罗统、白垩系、第三系覆盖。因此,布曲组是盆地内最好的油气勘探目的层,沿中央隆起带两侧以及北羌塘地区的琵琶湖－半岛湖凸起一带应是油气勘探的有利区带。 相似文献
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黔南地区早、中泥盆世沉积演化的动力机制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
泥盆纪时，黔南地区为一相对稳定的台地，早泥盆世晚期，海水开始漫漫其上.初始发育陆源碎屑沉积体系，中泥盆世发育陆源碎屑～碳酸盐混合体系.空间配置有下列几种类型:滨岸障壁～泻湖～河流体系，碳酸盐缓坡～滨岸障壁～泻湖体系，镶边型碳酸盐台地～泻湖三角洲（潮坪）体系，碳酸盐缓坡～三角洲体系。基底断裂限定了台地和台间沟的延限范围和演化进程，这两种不同沉积背景的沉积演化旋回可能主要受海平面变化控制。 相似文献
11.
张性边缘海的成因演化特征及沉积充填模式——以珠江口盆地为例 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
珠江口盆地的形成和演化过程经历了晚白垩世至渐新世的裂陷-晚渐新世至中中新世的热沉降-晚中新世至今的断块升降3个演化阶段,沉积了陆相-半封闭海相-开阔海相3套不同的沉积体系组合。总结归纳出珠江口盆地新生代3个阶段的沉积充填模式,并发现：裂陷阶段以充填式堆积和河湖沉积为特征,形成盆地最重要的湖相烃源岩--文昌组泥岩;热沉降阶段以海陆交替、海相沉积体系为特征,为形成良好的储盖组合创造了条件,沉积了珠江口盆地内最主要的储油层系--珠海组、珠江组以及韩江组,主要为滨海相、三角洲相等碎屑岩沉积;晚期盆地整体下沉,区域性盖层形成。该沉积组合反映了张性边缘海盆地的演化特点,盆地演化与资源效应表现在裂陷期、热沉降期及断块升降期的生储盖配置,故勘探目的层段为热沉降阶段所形成的三角洲碎屑岩与陆棚碳酸盐岩。 相似文献
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The strata-bound fluorite-(barite-)Pb-Zn ore deposits occurring within the more than 3,000 m thick Alpujárride Carbonate Formation of the Betic Cordillera, southern Spain, are linked to two defined stratigraphic positions (within the Anisian and at the Ladinian-Carnian transition) and to definite sedimentary contexts. These are highly restricted lagoons isolated from the open sea by calcarenitic barriers with noticeable development of algal mats in their inner margins. Preevaporitic deposition conditions are usually recognized. The ore-bearing horizons are located either at the transition from evaporitic to normal marine deposition (as in the case of the Anisian ore-bearing horizon) or at the transition from normal marine to evaporite deposition (as in the case of the uppermost Ladinian to lowermost Carnian ore-bearing horizon). These vertical facies changes correspond also to the transitions from predominantly terrigenous (continental and/or coastal) sedimentation to marine carbonate sedimentation (Anisian ore deposits) and vice versa (upper Ladinian-lower Carnian). It is proposed that the ore deposits in the Triassic Alpujárride Formation are controlled by certain facies associations in the lagoonal environment. The depositional environment determines the hydrologic regimes responsible for early diagenetic formation of fluorite and of the related ore minerals in a way similar to that of early-diagenetic dolomite. This hypothesis is consistent with field and petrographic observations and with available geochemical and itotopic data reported in other works. The present investigation intends to underline the role played by surface-linked ore formation processes, i.e., by ore-forming processes essentially linked to the environments in which sedimentation and early diagenesis takes place, in the genesis of numerous strata-bound Zn-Pb-(F-Ba) ore deposits in carbonate rocks. 相似文献
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The profile of the copper-bearing shales (Kupferschiefer) displays 3 types of lithological developments of the Sudetic Foreland: in reduction facies: with the notably diminishing of participation of clay minerals and organic substance from bottom to top. Many horizons of concentration of copper, lead and zinc are present. in oxidation facies: where marley shales are forming, the metals decrease to trace contents. in intermediate zones, from reduction facies to oxidation facies shales, the lithological formation is changing and the greatest variability is encountered in the intensity of metal contents. The concentrations of copper sulphides occur in lagoonal areas in which an oxigen deficiency was associated with a great amount of organic matter. The beds formed in the oxidation facies represent the coastal zones of an open sea basin where the influence of inflow and outflow were considerable. 相似文献
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昆仑造山带晚泥盆世沉积特征及构造古地理环境 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6
昆仑造山带基本构造-地层格架奠基于古生代,晚泥盆世是加里东造山旋回和华力西造山旋回转换的关键阶段,加里东碰撞造山和其后的伸展裂陷等记录均存在于晚泥盆世沉积地层中。西昆仑晚泥盆世奇自拉夫组为一套紫红色碎屑岩沉积,属典型的碰撞造山型磨拉石建造,为加里东碰撞造山的产物;东昆仑晚泥盆世黑山沟组和哈尔扎组岩性组合特征与牦牛山组极为相似,均为一套陆相、滨浅海相的碎屑岩、碳酸盐岩和中酸性火山岩组合,为典型的裂陷伸展型磨拉石建造,是晚古生代裂陷伸展盆地演化开始的标志。 相似文献
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新疆阿克苏-巴楚地区寒武-奥陶纪海平面变化与旋回层序的形成 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
通过研究新疆阿克苏 巴楚地区寒武 奥陶系沉积特征、层序地层序列及其海平面变化规律,首次识别出2个二级旋回层序、4个三级旋回层序和９个四级旋回层序。重点对三级旋回层序的层序界面性质及其体系域特点进行了深入、细致的分析。研究表明,每一旋回层序的形成,理论上均由海平面相对快速上升、缓慢上升、静止、缓慢下降和快速下降所引起,但实际情况较之复杂。海平面上升的最大幅度发生在丘里塔格晚期-吐木休克早期,之后由于构造运动和全球海平面下降,该区海平面亦快速下降,海水迅速退出本区,致使该区普遍缺失上奥陶统。 相似文献
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西藏北部改则－班戈地区出露的中上侏罗统接奴群是残余弧后盆地的滨浅海相陆缘碎屑沉积，具有完整的水进－水退沉积旋回。主要沉积相类型有碎屑浅海、高能滨岸、陆源碎屑潮坪、碳酸盐合地、扇三角洲等，向南部冈底期－念青唐古拉岛弧方向超覆，向北部羌塘板片与广阔碳酸盐台地相的佣钦错群过渡。接奴群是该区最有潜力的油气勘探目的层。广阔的浅海相泥页岩为主要的烃源岩，早期滨岸相粗碎屑岩是主要的潜在储集岩，有可能形成的油气藏类型包括超覆岩性油气藏和构造油气藏。 相似文献
17.
The duration of shoreline occupation at a given sea‐level, coastal response to sea‐level change and the controls on preservation of various shoreline elements can be recognized by detailed examination of submerged shorelines on the continental shelf. Using bathymetric and seismic observations, this article documents the evolution and preservation of an incised valley and lithified barrier complex between ?65 m and ?50 m mean sea‐level on a wave‐dominated continental shelf. The barrier complex is preserved as a series of aeolianite or beachrock ridges backed by laterally extensive back‐barrier sediments. The ridges include prograded cuspate lagoonal shoreline features similar to those found in contemporary lagoons. The incised valley trends shore‐parallel behind the barrier complex and records an early phase of valley filling, followed by a phase of extensive lagoonal sedimentation beyond the margins of the incised bedrock valley. Sea‐level stability at the outer barrier position (ca ?65 m) enabled accumulation of a substantial coastal barrier that remained intact during a phase of subsequent slow sea‐level rise to ?58 m when the lagoon formed. These lagoonal sediments are stripped seawards by bay ravinement processes which caused the formation of several prograded marginal cuspate features. An abrupt rise in sea‐level to ?40 m, correlated with melt‐water pulse 1B, enabled the preservation of thick lagoonal sediments at the top of the incised valley fill and preservation on the sea bed of the cemented core of the barriers. This situation is unique to subtropical coastlines where early diagenesis is possible. The overlying sandy sediment from the uncemented upper portion of the barriers is dispersed by ravinement, partly burying the ridges and protecting the underlying sediments. The high degree of barrier or shoreline preservation is attributed to rapid overstepping of the shoreline, early cementation in favourable climatic conditions and the protection of the barrier cores by sand sheet draping. 相似文献
18.
Abstract Successions across the Middle–Upper Jurassic disconformity in the Lusitanian Basin (west‐central Portugal) are highly varied, and were probably developed on a large westward‐inclined hangingwall of a half‐graben. The disconformity is preceded by a complex forced regression showing marked variations down the ramp, and provides an example of the effects of rapid, relative sea‐level falls on carbonate ramp systems. In the east, Middle Jurassic inner ramp carbonates (‘Candeeiros’ facies) are capped by a palaeokarstic surface veneered by ferruginous clays or thick calcretes. In the west, mid‐outer ramp marls and limestones (‘Brenha’ facies) are terminated by two contrasting successions: (1) a sharp‐based carbonate sandbody capped by a minor erosion surface, overlain by interbedded marine–lagoonal–deltaic deposits with further minor erosion/exposure surfaces; (2) a brachiopod‐rich limestone with a minor irregular surface, overlain by marls, lignitic marls with marine and reworked non‐marine fossils and charophytic limestones, with further minor irregular surfaces and capped by a higher relief ferruginous erosional surface. The age ranges from Late Bathonian in the east to Late Callovian in the west. This disconformity assemblage is succeeded by widespread lacustrine–lagoonal limestones with microbial laminites and evaporites (‘Cabaços’ facies), attributed to the Middle Oxfordian. Over the whole basin, increasingly marine facies were deposited afterwards. In Middle Jurassic inner‐ramp zones in the east, the overall regression is marked by a major exposure surface overlain by continental sediments. In Middle Jurassic outer‐ramp zones to the west, the regression is represented initially by open‐marine successions followed by either a sharp marine erosion surface overlain by a complex sandbody or minor discontinuities and marginal‐marine deposits, in both cases capped by the major lowstand surface. Reflooding led to a complex pattern of depositional conditions throughout the basin, from freshwater and brackish lagoonal to marginal‐ and shallow‐marine settings. Additional complications were produced by possible tilting of the hangingwall of the half‐graben, the input of siliciclastics from westerly sources and climate change from humid to more seasonally semi‐arid conditions. The Middle–Late Jurassic sea‐level fall in the Lusitanian Basin is also recorded elsewhere within the Iberian and other peri‐Atlantic regions and matches a transgressive to regressive change in eustatic sea‐level curves, indicating that it is related in part to a global event. 相似文献
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概述 粤北地区为由上古生界所组成的两个互相连系的复向斜。北东部分是由前泥盆系组成的诸广山复背斜;西部有一条南北向半岛形的前泥盆系瑶山复背斜使本区与粤西北上古生界复向斜相隔;南部为前泥盆系的云开复背斜北东端。在雪山嶂一带分布成东西向排列的几个由前泥盆系组成的短轴背斜,使本区分隔成南北两部分。值得注意的是,粤北地区前泥盆地的构造线分布很奇特,北部为北北西,南部为北东东,两者互相垂直,其分界恰好位于本区南部的英德上古生界复向斜中。 相似文献