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The United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment) launched at the end of 2016 a decade-long (2016-2025) flagship programme on Climate, Ecosystems and Livelihoods (CEL), with the aim to assist developing countries in delivering the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and climate targets while protecting their ecosystems and improving the livelihoods of their people. The CEL programme is a major initiative supported by China and other developing countries to promote long-term South-South cooperation, led by the United Nations Environment Programme International Ecosystem Management Partnership (UNEP-IEMP). This article presents the conceptual framework and implementation strategy of the CEL programme, which were proposed through consultations between UN Environment, Chinese and international experts. Within the conceptual framework, the CEL programme will 1) focus its work on the nexus of climate change, ecosystem services and sustainable livelihoods as the primary priority; 2) encourage cross-sectoral and multi-stakeholder cooperation, enhance interdisciplinary research, and strive for breakthroughs that cross disciplinary boundaries; 3) provide four types of services and products—monitoring and assessment, capacity building, technology demonstration, and science for policy through mainly South-South cooperation; and 4) have far-reaching impacts on delivering SDGs and climate targets in vulnerable developing countries. The CEL programme is going to be implemented in a strategic way through a set of related projects and initiatives. More particularly, it will 1) focus on fragile ecosystems like drylands, mountains, river basins and coastal zones in Asia, Africa and other key regions along the Belt and Road, in the early stage and expand to include some other regions at a later stage; 2) take a three-phase approach, including Phase I, Kick -off (2016-2018), Phase II, Development (2019-2021), and Phase III, Scaling-up (2022-2025); and 3) draw on the globally relevant knowledge, expertise and other resources of a substantial network of partners. So far, UNEP-IEMP has developed more than twenty projects and initiatives in the regions along the Belt and Road, especially in Africa and the Greater Mekong Subregion, which lay a solid foundation for the implementation of CEL programme in its first phase. 相似文献
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中非合作正在成为国际政治和经济舞台上的重要事件。本文选用Endnote和Antconc等信息提取软件对国内外知名文献库中收录的有关中非合作的文章进行了梳理。以“中非合作”作为模糊关键词,对Web of Science、Taylor & Francis、Elsevier和中国知网四大数据库进行搜索,得到相关中外文文献共计623篇。分析发现,中外学者对中非合作议题的关注多集中于政治学和经济学的学科分析框架之下,其他学科视角相对缺乏。从人文地理学视角来看,尽管也有部分经济地理和政治地理学者对该话题进行了探讨,但并未完全脱离政治学和经济学的分析框架,且数量较少、未能体系化。因此,本文从与中非合作最为紧密的政治地理、旅游地理以及社会文化地理等三个方向提出了未来可能成为中非合作研究热点话题的基本研究框架。鉴此,随着国家“一带一路”倡议的逐步实施,期望未来能有更多人文地理学者投入到中非合作研究中,积极发挥中国地理学“走出国门”的大国智力责任和担当,为中非合作研究与实践作出自己的贡献。 相似文献
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中非旅游合作的现状和未来 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中非合作论坛北京峰会的成功召开表明,中国愿意与非洲国家共同努力,尽快摆脱贫困,共享发展成果,走向共同富裕.从非洲概况和非洲旅游资源的优势、特征及旅游市场的现状和未来着手,针对非洲旅游市场存在的问题,提出中非旅游合作的思路和对策.对当代非洲旅游开展全方位的研究,就是为开展全方位中非旅游合作作准备;为尽快摆脱贫困,共享发展成果,走向共同富裕献计献策. 相似文献
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Based on development data relating to China–Africa International Cooperation Parks(CAICPs) from 2003 to 2018, this study examined the transnational investment network of CAICPs using the social network analysis method. The number of CAICPs is increasing.Textiles and apparel, agricultural and food processing, trade logistics and management,building materials and construction, and electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing are the leading industries chosen by most CAICPs. These parks have pr... 相似文献
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Further utilization of global agricultural resources and the expansion of potential international cooperation space are necessary measures to promote a new level of China’s national food security and optimize the structure of domestic food consumption. This study measured the global potential cultivated land area and national grain self-sufficiency. Based on the two-above measures, the authors made a classification of China’s foreign agricultural cooperation countries and depicted the spatial pattern of cooperation based on the grain trades of those countries with China. The grain exporters include Australia, North America, South America, Eastern Europe and Central Asia; and the target countries for “going abroad” of Chinese grain enterprises are mainly located in Sub-Saharan Africa and northern Latin America. This study proposes that China’s policy of cooperation on grain should be shifted to non-traditional partners alongside the “Belt and Road Initiative” region. Specifically, China could expand grain imports from Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other East European and Central Asian countries, and the direction for China’s agricultural enterprises “going abroad” should shift to Sub-Sahara Africa. 相似文献
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在全球化背景下,随着中非合作不断深化,在非洲的中国企业与地方愈加紧密的经济和社会联系不仅加速了非洲城市化进程,而且也深化了移民企业的本土化程度,使其成为日常社会实践中必不可少的组成部分,以多元化的方式重塑非洲社会对于华人企业和中国国家形象的理解。目前国内学界有关中国移民企业及其在当地形象建构方式和影响的研究较少,尤其缺少基于微观视角探讨企业形象的影响因素。基于此,本文以津巴布韦哈拉雷地区的华人移民企业作为案例,结合定性和定量混合的研究方法,通过问卷、参与式观察和深度访谈,探讨影响非洲员工企业形象建构以及对华人企业继续在当地建厂支持程度的因素,以反映中国移民企业在非洲当地的社会融入情况。研究表明：显著影响因素主要与工厂的工作环境、管理体制、社会网络以及对区域的影响有关,而与非洲员工个体因素关联性较弱。因此,研究进一步置于特定的政治、经济、文化背景进行分析,并为“一带一路”建设背景下移民企业融入地方社会发展提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Strengthening research efforts to understand the combined impacts of conservation and livelihoods in protected areas (PAs) will increase the collective contribution that PAs can make towards meeting global goals for sustainable development in the next decade. As an example of such efforts, in 2014 the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment) jointly initiated the “Sustainable Management of Protected Areas in East Africa” project. This paper provides a brief overview of the project’s research background, goals and research tasks. The study is based on a look at the PA management system in East Africa and a review of the literature on the impact of PAs in the region. Results show that East African nations have expanded the coverage of PAs and established a complex set of PA management systems over the past century. The mandate for PAs in East African nations has changed recently from protecting biodiversity to alleviating poverty and supporting livelihoods. However, a combination of human activities and ecological processes inside and outside of PAs may not only impact biodiversity and ecosystem function over the long term, but also pose a threat to the capacity of PAs to maintain livelihoods and alleviate poverty in the local communities around them. The state of existing research in the field suggests there is an enormous need for additional research, the purpose of which is to help PA managers and policy-makers in East Africa understand how to achieve win-win outcomes for both ecosystems and human well-being. Against this background, the CAS-KWS-UN Environment joint research project aims to understand the dynamic interactions between ecosystems and human well-being around PAs in East Africa and identify good practices for PA management to reconcile conservation targets with the livelihood demands of local communities. It is intended that this research be shared with interested parties throughout the developing world. Significant progress has been made in the implementation of the project, in terms of data collection, exchanges of researchers, and the completion of case studies. In the coming year, success stories and examples of failures of PA management in the region will be systematically summarized and shared among scientists, managers and decision makers worldwide. Given its blueprint for building a “Beautiful China”, China can both supplement and benefit from East African knowledge and experience of PA management. This joint research effort promotes Sino-African cooperation on PA research and management. 相似文献
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跨国科研合作是“一带一路”倡议的重要内容,而相互信任则是科研合作的重要基础。由于“一带一路”沿线各国的经济规模和社会文化环境差异都较大,文化邻近对于增进国家间相互信任,进而推动跨国科研合作就具有重要价值。考虑到以往研究主要以合著科研论文数量来测度国家间的科研合作水平,可能放大了经济规模、人口规模、发文总量等的影响,本研究基于2007—2020年间“一带一路”沿线66国间的合著科研论文数量,以改进的Salton指数表征的科研论文合作强度测度国家间科研合作水平,采用社会网络分析、回归分析和GIS空间分析等方法,探究沿线各国在2007—2013年和2014—2020年两个时间段内科研合作强度的演变过程,并以此为基础,着重考察文化邻近的可能影响。研究表明：① 综合分析论文合作规模和合作强度,能够识别出建立在语言、宗教等文化要素邻近之上的两国间真正的强合作关系,宗教邻近有助于增进互信,语言邻近有助于增进相互理解,方便了科研合作过程中的交流和沟通。② 2007年以来,“一带一路”沿线国家间的科研合作空间格局已由“两核九中心”转变为“一核八中心”,中国成为网络中唯一的核心,与其他国家的加权度中心性差距不断扩大。③ 国家发文量、国家间经济发展差距、政治关系、地理距离、语言邻近和宗教邻近等均对科研合作强度有显著影响,其中文化（语言和宗教）邻近的影响最为显著,但也趋于减弱,语言邻近的影响要强于宗教邻近,并且只有语言相同或属于同一语支能够显著促进国家间的科研合作。中国作为“一带一路”倡议的发起国,与沿线大多数国家并不具有天然的文化邻近,在一定程度上阻碍了科研合作网络的建设。未来,有必要更加重视跨文化交流和沟通,以增进科研合作领域的信任关系,推动科研合作取得实效。 相似文献
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在全球自然灾害频发和贫困长期且不均衡展布的背景下,灾害风险与贫困的联结成为学术界和利益相关者关注的焦点。基于自然灾害风险管理和社会-生态韧性评估的基本原理,系统论述了灾害致贫和贫困致险的作用机理与驱动路径,这种互相关效应称为灾害风险-贫困的“羁绊”;基于中国31个省（自治区、市）2010—2019年的面板数据,运用计量经济学回归分析方法,以证实减轻灾害风险和扶贫脱贫在省域尺度上存在双向加持的作用。结果表明：（1） 较高的致灾因子危险性、承灾体暴露性和脆弱性及复杂的灾害风险情景引发了人员伤亡、资产破坏和经济损失等多重负面影响,最终导致和加剧了经济、机会、能力和文化的多维度贫困;贫困群体农业生计和家庭资产的高暴露性和低韧性放大和累积了灾害风险。（2） 中国在脱贫攻坚和全面建设小康社会的进程中,减灾扶贫和脱贫降险的循环效应显著,籍此带来了乡村振兴、治理现代化等战略的属性加持。（3） 贫困致险的机制较为隐性且主要显现于广布型灾害风险情景,对其无视或轻视可能带来投资减灾失效、学科范式陷阱和不可持续发展等诸多后果。研究结果可为中国的减灾和扶贫协同发展提供理论依据和现实证据,并为贯彻落实经济、政治、文化、社会和生态文明建设“五位一体”战略,实现“双碳”目标和应对全球气候变化提供智力支撑。 相似文献
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在区域一体化背景下,产业合作、园区共建、政策互通等形式的开发区间跨界联系日益增强。本文将该现象置于中国开发区转型发展的历史轨迹中来分析,提出开发区“第四次创业”的概念,并以长江三角洲核心区的国家级经济技术开发区为例,基于企业组织视角测度开发区跨界联系的水平及网络特征,随后基于随机行动者导向模型探究其微观机制。研究表明：第四次创业是开发区突破所在城市、在区域尺度寻求新发展机遇的一次转型,是开发区的扩散效应由第三次创业的城市尺度进一步延伸至区域尺度的表现,也是推进区域一体化的一条新路径。在长三角地区,该网络已逐渐发育并呈现出非均衡性和加速生长趋势,网络效应、开发区属性、地理邻近性等对该网络的发育有较显著的影响。 相似文献
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中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源战略合作对于“一带一路”共建、加强中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系意义重大。本研究综合运用遥感影像解析、野外实地考察、统计分析等方法,揭示了中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源分布格局,剖析了耕地资源开发利用的主要制约因素;研究了中国对外耕地合作开发的主要问题,探索提出了中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源合作对策建议。中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源丰富,主要集中在俄罗斯欧洲部分莫斯科河和伏尔加河流域,以及鄂毕河流域、叶尼塞河流域、阿穆尔河流域与贝加尔湖流域等地。中蒙俄经济走廊俄罗斯部分耕地面积和高产耕地面积分别占经济走廊的60%和74%左右;而经济走廊俄罗斯部分未利用耕地面积占俄罗斯未利用耕地面积的近50%,占中蒙俄经济走廊未利用耕地面积的95%左右。今后应高度重视中蒙俄经济走廊耕地资源合作开发,推动中蒙俄耕地与农业合作自由化发展,可探索在阿穆尔州、犹太自治州等地率先开展中俄毗邻重点耕地国际合作创新示范区建设和农业自贸区建设,扩展延伸经济走廊耕地产业链和价值链,共建多元稳定的中蒙俄经济走廊农产品物流贸易通道。 相似文献
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Jessica Cockburn Georgina Cundill Sheona Shackleton Ayanda Cele Susanna Francina Cornelius Vaughan Koopman 《社会与自然资源》2020,33(5):681-693
AbstractLandscape stewardship is considered an important place-based approach to addressing sustainability challenges. Working at landscape-level requires collaboration between diverse landscape stakeholders. In this study, we partnered with local stewardship practitioners across six cases in South Africa to investigate how they facilitate collaboration towards social-ecological sustainability outcomes. We found that practitioners facilitate collaboration among stakeholders by operating as relational hubs in the landscape. Through these hubs, they build new inter-personal relationships among stakeholders, creating social networks which enable stewardship practice. The hubs deepen human-nature relationships by creating enabling conditions for stewards to put stewardship ethics into action. Drawing on insights from these cases, we call for a relational approach to landscape stewardship which focuses on human-to-human and human-to-nature relationships. Moreover, we argue that landscape stewardship initiatives need to re-focus stewardship on stewards, recognizing them as key agents of change in addressing the conflict between agriculture and conservation inherent in many landscapes. 相似文献
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水—粮食—能源纽带关系研究进展与展望 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
水—粮食—能源纽带关系是实现社会经济可持续发展的重要支撑与关键途径。本文系统梳理了纽带关系的概念内涵,回顾了纽带关系的近今进展,发现当前学界对纽带关系的概念内涵和研究框架尚未达成较为一致的认识。在评估方法上,可归纳为基于关键过程视角的评估、基于系统整体视角的评估以及耦合纽带系统内外部要素的综合评估,呈现出由传统部门研究范式到自然科学和社会科学交叉的人地系统耦合研究范式的转变。文献计量分析表明,2000—2019年纽带关系研究发文量呈指数增长,且2015年之后增加尤为显著。在学科分布上,环境科学、食品科学和营养学是研究纽带关系的主要学科,未来应加强地理学的综合性和系统性思维在纽带关系研究中的应用。通过文献回顾发现,当前研究对纽带系统的互馈关系及其演化特征缺乏定量化理解,建议未来应重点关注以下五个前沿议题,即建立纽带关系多源信息数据库、揭示纽带关系耦合系统互馈机理、发展纽带关系耦合系统过程模型、搭建纽带关系耦合系统决策平台以及促进纽带关系多部门协同合作,旨在通过系统治理和科学管控,实现纽带关系系统协同可持续发展。 相似文献
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农业工业化和“去地化”的生产模式、不透明的流通过程以及膨胀的消费欲望致使饮食系统危机不断,其可持续性成为全球尺度的挑战。当前饮食系统的可持续性研究面临尺度问题,涉及从全球地方的目标转化,以及从地方到全球的经验反馈两个方面。首先,全球尺度的可持续目标宏大包容,但是对地方尺度的差异性缺乏关照。其次,部分西方国家的可持续实践垄断了经验表达,过于重视社区等微观尺度而忽略了其他尺度的潜在作用,引发“尺度陷阱”。本文深入剖析中国、巴西、南非的饮食系统内部各类参与者的可持续性建构,提出全球和地方可持续饮食系统互动的尺度逻辑：① 从全球到地方的目标转化需要兼顾地方差异。中国、巴西、南非各自生成优先的可持续目标,分别针对食品安全、食物原真性和食物浪费、结构性的食物匮乏等问题。这些目标之间充满张力和博弈,不能等同替代。② 从地方到全球的经验反馈需要打破西方经验赋予的微观尺度的优越性,转向跨尺度的实践。发展中国家的可持续实践路径的要义在于发挥饮食系统各类参与者的能动性,调动资源形成有效的跨尺度行动网络。③ 发展中国家的经验表明尺度本身是方法,而不是目的,每个具体的可持续目标与适切的尺度方法匹配。有必要研究建议挖掘多元、差异的可持续模式,更加有针对性地促进当地乃至全球饮食系统的可持续发展。 相似文献
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Scholarly literature recognises the importance of social sustainability as part of the wider sustainability agenda. A wide array of concepts such as equity, social justice, democratic government, social inclusion, social capital and quality of life are thought to constitute social sustainability. Local governments are charged with delivering social programs and services to their constituency, but market logics and performance-based institutional cultures, along with limited authority and funding, constrain their capacity to respond to new initiatives. We analyse two case studies in Victoria, Australia, to explore how elements of social sustainability are articulated and operationalised within local government. Each case study involved State-level and local government partnerships in health-promotion initiatives to improve food security. Analysis was conducted on 50 primary policy documents, 22 secondary data documents and 27 interviews. Findings reveal that a systems-based or integrated approach to social sustainability was not workable but not completely ineffective. Equity was prioritised by local government in both case studies, and well acknowledged as interconnected with other social goals. Although constrained in its capacity to deliver new initiatives, local government responded to neoliberalising ideologies, as well as its constituency, by strategically focusing on a particular goal, such as equity. 相似文献
17.
Tourism symbiosis is a social phenomenon consisting of many complex factors, and the reciprocal cooperation among multiple tourist agents at tourist destinations is the crux of the sustainable development of tourism. This study is from the perspective of tourist enterprises, and introduces the Symbiosis Theory of genecology. A quantitative evaluation is used to analyze both the equilibrium state of the combined symbiotic behavior routes and the behavior patterns of tourist enterprises with local governments, community residents, tourists and tourist enterprises around Qinghai Lake. The findings reveal: (1) the symbiotic behavior routes of the multiple tourist agents “E→G-R-T-E” in the Qinghai Lake area are constituted of intense symbiotic indications, while the maximum dimensionality of symbiotic interest of “E→G-R-T-E” is still in the state of disequilibrium and dissymmetry; (2) the symbiotic model of multiple tourist agents “E→G-R-T-E” in the Qinghai Lake area is an asymmetrically positive symbiotic model. It is proposed that, by establishing symbiotic mechanisms for guidance, decisions, supervisory control and profit distribution, the participation mechanism for multiple agents “E-G-R-T” can be further standardized. Moreover, tourist enterprises should be regarded as the primary agents to optimize the symbiotic model for “E→G-R-T-E” through the reinforcement of integrative supply and the construction of integrative effect, and finally promote the integrative symbiotic model of symmetrical reciprocity of the E-R-G-T model “driven by scenic areas, responsive to community residents, affected by local governments and enjoyed by tourists.” 相似文献
18.
基于TOPSIS法的非洲区域经济社会综合发展水平评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过构建区域经济社会综合发展水平指标体系,结合TOPSIS方法与变异系数法确定权重,从经济生产、人口与健康、基础教育和产业结构水平4个方面出发,对2012年非洲52个主要国家的区域经济社会综合发展水平进行定量评价与比较,研究表明：非洲地区区域经济社会发展水平呈现出“南北发达,中部落后”的空间分布格局,区域经济社会综合发展水平北非＞南非＞东非＞中非＞西非;中非、西非地区人口与健康水平与南非、北非和东非地区差距较大,发展滞后;基础教育水平呈现“阶梯式”空间格局,南非与北非地区基础教育水平较高,中非与东非地区其次,西非地区相对落后;产业结构的地域差异较大,西非和东非地区产业结构水平较低,中非、南非和北非地区相对较高。在此基础上,提出了针对非洲区域经济社会发展特点,展开对非援助与合作的建议。 相似文献
19.
This study examines the challenges of achieving sustainable management of the world's largest mangrove forest, the Sundarbans, in Bangladesh. The Sundarbans is currently managed by the Bangladesh Department of Forest, under a state property‐rights regime, while our study explores an alternative property‐rights regime. We employed a mixed‐method approach to examine the prospects of alternative management and livelihood strategies to achieve sustainability. Both focus groups and household surveying were used to assess the opportunities for, and barriers to, achieving sustainability. It was found that two conflicting groups—forest‐dependent communities and foresters—are responsible for policy failures due to the absence of power‐sharing arrangements, nor is it likely a common property‐rights regime will be enough to cap degradation and achieve sustainability, while supply‐and‐demand policy interventions may well could help achieve sustainable management of the Sundarbans. 相似文献
20.
韩国“新北方政策”与“一带一路”倡议的对接合作为中韩两国带来了重要发展机遇。文章主要探讨韩国“新北方政策”的内涵及其与“一带一路”倡议对接的进展、机遇与挑战,得出双方对接的合作机遇主要在政策沟通、设施联通、贸易投资和资金融通4个方面,同时也存在着制度性风险、地缘风险和投资合作风险的三大挑战。在具体对接过程中,产业、金融、物流3个领域可能成为突破口。 相似文献