共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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南海南部礼乐海区以其丰富的油气资源储备成为我国油气勘探的后备区,目前勘探程度低,地震资料较少,仅有少量的二维地震资料。由于该区地形复杂、水深变化范围大,因此在地震数据中发育着多种类型的干扰波,加之该批数据道数少、信噪比低,上述因素都成为高分辨率处理的难点。针对该区地震数据的特征,采用多种手段的真振幅恢复技术以及异常振幅压制等预处理方法;采用串联反褶积提高了资料的分辨率;根据多次波的类型分别采用τ-p域预测反褶积、速度滤波、内切除等组合方法压制多次波。从资料处理的效果来看,使得浅、中、深层能量得到平衡,多次波等各类干扰波得到了较好的压制,资料的信噪比和分辨率都得到了提高,最后得到了高分辨率的地震剖面。 相似文献
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浅水地震勘探中，由于水层较浅，多次波普遍发育，而且很难压制，如何更好地压制浅水多次波成为了海洋地震资料处理的重要环节。目前来说，依靠单一的多次波压制技术很难将浅水多次波压制彻底，因此本文探索了一种组合压制浅水多次波的思路，首先基于确定性水层多次波压制方法（DWD）将短周期多次波实现压制，然后采用自由表面多次波压制技术（SRME）将近偏移距长周期多次波进行压制，最后再采用高精度Radon变换，将残留的中、远偏移距长周期多次波完成压制。通过辽东湾海域浅水实际资料的多次波压制效果可以看出，组合压制技术实现了对于资料中发育的浅水多次波的良好压制，陷波频率得到较好的恢复，资料品质得到有效改善，信噪比得到有效提高。 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2017,(3)
南黄海崂山隆起的中、新生代碎屑岩与下伏的古生代碳酸盐岩地层分界面是一个强反射界面,对地震波向下传播具有强烈的屏蔽作用,加之海上多次波比较发育,使得深部地震反射能量弱、成像困难。在浅水区,由于缺少近偏移距的海底反射信号,利用常规SRME(Surface related multiple elimination)方法不能有效地衰减海底相关多次波,Taup域预测反褶积压制多次波会破坏与海底多次波周期相近的一次有效反射信号,特别在硬海底多次波的振幅能量比海底反射还更强,这种情况下预测反褶积不能完全压制多次波。采用DWD+SRME组合法来衰减海底相关多次波,其中DWD(deterministic water-layer demultiple)方法用来衰减与海底相关的短周期多次波,SRME方法压制自由表面相关的长周期多次波,另外运用高精度Radon变换去除层间多次波,使多次波得到了良好的压制,深部有效反射信号逐步得以体现。通过以上处理效果揭示了崂山隆起为一个平缓的背斜构造,背斜上发育多个逆冲断裂,崂山隆起是在加里东期形成雏形,印支期隆起形成,燕山期为主要发展阶段。 相似文献
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利用Radon变换压制多次波的传统做法一般都是先进行叠加速度分析,然后在CMP道集上做相应滤波处理.实际资料处理中,带有多次波的速度分析难以准确地提取速度,进而造成多次波压制的效果不够理想.有别于传统的做法,本文提出的方法通过对炮集记录进行同相轴重排,运用变换域自适应切除的τ-p变换(线性Radon变换)滤波,实现了直接在炮集记录中压制海水鸣震.实际资料处理表明,该方法对于海水鸣震多次波压制是一种行之有效的方法. 相似文献
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拖缆采集的海上多道地震数据受海水间传播的多次波影响,往往在共炮点道集上发育周期性的强振幅干扰波,这些噪音会掩盖海底以下及强反射层以下地层的面貌,严重影响多道地震数据的成像效果。为了消除海上多道地震数据中存在的海水间传播的多次波对地震数据的干扰,首先分析浅水多次波在海水间多次震荡的产生机制,采用了τ-P域静校正延迟技术对其进行压制,处理的核心是在τ-P域对周期性多次波模型进行预测,再通过自适应相减以去除地震数据中的多次波。实际资料处理结果表明,方法对海水间震荡的浅水多次波具有很好的压制效果,经过浅水多次波去除后的叠加剖面信噪比得到有效提高,剖面的品质得以提升。 相似文献
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东海陆架属于典型的浅水区,受海面、海底以及新近系底界面等强反射界面的影响,普遍发育多种类型多次波干扰,使得中深部地震反射信号被掩盖,影响了深部的成像品质。常规SRME或者DWD的方法无法有效地对多次波进行压制。笔者采用组合压制方法对东海陆架二维地震数据进行处理。首先针对海底相关短周期多次波使用DWD方法衰减;然后运用三维GSMP二维化方法去除跟地层相关的长周期多次波;最后残留的近远偏移距多次波分别用PRIMAL和高精度RADON变换进行压制。结果表明,这种组合思路能较好地解决东海多次波问题,使中深部有效反射信号得以呈现,有助于提升中生界的成像质量。 相似文献
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A geopulse seismic system was implemented to obtain new information on underlying strata beneath the Yellow River Delta. However, owing to the shpping of sea floor and shallow water （ 〈 25 m）, free surface-related multiples are conflicted with the flat primaries, which may instruct the interpreters in a wrong way and make wrong conclusions. Owing to the variation of multiple periods, standard anti-multiple techniques may lose their power, such as predictive deconvolution. Surface-related multiple elimination methods are introduced to attenuate the multiples based on the underlying waveequation principles. The results justified the method on the single-channel geopulse profile, revealing the real nature of the subsurface. 相似文献
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针对残余多次波的识别与压制问题,提出了1种应用于成像道集域的变周期预测反褶积方法.与传统的预测反褶积方法不同,该方法首先根据所建立的强波阻抗界面的深度-速度模型,在地震偏移剖面上追踪识别出残余多次波,并根据其传播时间确定出相应变化的多次波周期或预测步长,然后在成像道集上对含有残余多次波的成像道进行变周期预测反褶积压制处理,最后再将剔除残余多次波后的成像道集合成为新的地震偏移剖面.实验处理的结果表明:该方法不仅对微屈多次波有效.而且对残余的长周期鸣震多次波也可达到令人满意的压制效果. 相似文献
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Marine Geophysical Research - Predictive deconvolution is an effective way to suppress multiple reflections, especially short path multiples, in seismic data. However, the effectiveness of the... 相似文献
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深水地震资料多次波具有能量强、周期长的特点,降低了资料的信噪比,是处理人员面临的首要问题。多次波衰减效果的好坏,直接影响着最终成像效果及后期储层反演结果的真实性。分析深水多次波的类型、成因和特征,并研究各种多次波衰减技术的优缺点和适用性,最终合理组合多方法、分步衰减多次波是关键。以南海A区深水地震资料为例,通过组合优选基于模型的SRME技术和高分辨率Radon技术进行了实际应用,并就出现的剩余多次波给予分析和改进,提出了“三步法”衰减深水多次波,应用后取得了显著的多次波衰减效果。 相似文献
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The U.S. Geological Survey deep crustal studies reflection profile across the Gulf of Maine off southeastern New England was affected by three sources of noise: side-scattered noise, multiples, and 20-Hz whale sounds. The special processing most effective in minimizing this noise consisted of a combination of frequency-wavenumber (F-K) filtering, predictive deconvolution, and spectral whitening, each applied in the shot domain (prestack). Application of the F-K filter to remove side-scatter noise in the poststack domain resulted in a much poorer quality profile. The prestack noise suppression processing techniques resulted in a reflection profile with good signal-to-noise ratios and reliable strong reflections, especially at depths equivalent to the lower crust (24–34 km). Certain geologic features, such as a buried rift basin and a crustal fault are resolved much better within the upper crust after this processing. Finite difference migration of these data using realistic velocities produced excellent results. Migration was essential to distinguish between abundant dipping and subhorizontal reflections in the lower crust as well as to show an essentially transparent upper mantle. 相似文献
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Radon filters are often used for removal of multiple reflections from normal move-out-corrected seismic reflection data. In the conventional Radon transform, integration surfaces are hyperbolic rather than linear. This specific hyperbolic surface is equivalent to a parabola in terms of computational expense, but more accurately distinguishes multiples from primary reflections. The forward transform separates seismic arrivals by their differences in travel time move-out. Multiples can be suppressed by an inverse transform of the seismic data. Examples show that multiples are effectively attenuated in pre-stack and stacked seismograms. Based on the parabolic Radon transform, a new method is utilized for missing offset restoration, resampling and regularization of pre-stack individual common depth point (CDP) gathers. The method is also valid for resampling spatially aliased seismic data. Restoration of missing offsets and trace interpolation is an interesting and important problem in seismic data processing. Here we present an application of Radon transform on a multichannel seismic data set from the western continental margin of India (WCMI), which shows remarkable signal enhancement. 相似文献
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Contamination of seismic reflection records at early times by first-order water reverberations can be especially severe during survey operations over hard and flat sea floors on the continental shelf or in lake environments. A new dereverberation scheme based on two classical techniques — predictive deconvolution and velocity filtering — has been developed to address this problem. The techniques are combined spatially to take advantage of their complementary offset- and time-dependent properties. Stage I of the scheme consists of applying predictive deconvolution at short offset. The data are previously conditioned by a normal moveout correction with the water velocity which restores the periodicity of the reverberations in the offset-time plane and enhances the performance of deconvolution. Stage II of the scheme involves velocity filtering in the common-midpoint domain which is particularly effective at long offset where the moveout difference between primary reflections and reverberations is largest. The dereverberation scheme is well suited for the initial processing of large volumes of data due to the general availability of cost-effective deconvolution and velocity filtering algorithms in seismic processing software packages. Practical implementation issues are illustrated by a field example from the GLIMPCE survey in Lake Superior.Lithoprobe Publication No. 475. 相似文献
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During summer of 2009, multi-channel marine seismic reflection data and wide-angle refraction data were acquired as part of the joint NSF and Taiwanese-funded TAIGER program with the goal of understanding the dynamics of arc-continent collision in Taiwan. One of the principle difficulties of crustal-scale imaging with marine reflection data such as these is the prevalent multiple contamination that obscures many of the deep crustal targets. Without effective treatment of multiples, many of the objectives of the TAIGER active source program may not be achieved. We present three profiles, one from each acquisition leg, that demonstrate the effectiveness of 2D surface-related multiple elimination (SRME) and radon filtering in attenuating much of this unwanted energy in broad ranges of water depths, seafloor topographies and lithologies. Two profiles from south of Taiwan image 3–4 km of sedimentary strata overlying moderately extended continental crust along the Eurasia continental shelf and a 5–6 km thick sedimentary section overlying thin crust consisting of faulted blocks and volcanic bodies along the continental slope. Our multiple attenuation efforts also reveal a seaward-dipping normal fault that penetrates into the upper mantle and separates thick crust of the continental shelf from thin crust of the continental slope. A profile from east of Taiwan reveals thin ocean crust of the Philippine Sea plate subducting beneath the Ryukyu trench that may be traced beneath the accretionary prism and Ryukyu forearc. These profiles demonstrate the success of our imaging strategy in the range of imaging environments spanned by the TAIGER marine reflection seismic data. 相似文献