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冀北燕山期三个系列花岗质岩石的地球化学特征及其成因学意义 总被引：21，自引：8，他引：13
燕山期花岗质岩石广泛出露在冀北地区,从中可以识别出碱钙性、过铝质和碱质三个岩石系列。本文系统报道了它们的产状、岩类学、主要元素、痕量元素、稀土元素、年代学和ＩＳｒ资料;重点讨论了它们的地球化学特征和成因类型问题。碱钙性岩石系列主要由石英二长闪长岩元素、二长花岗岩元素、正长花岗岩构成;ＳｉＯ２含量变化范围是６２％～７５％;Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ在７．６３％～８．８８％之间;Ａ／ＣＮＫ＜１．０５,ＣＡ指数５５。过铝质系列由流纹斑岩为代表,具有高硅（ＳｉＯ２＞７３％）、富钾低钠（Ｋ２Ｏ／Ｎａ２Ｏ为１．４４～９．１３）、过铝质（Ａ／ＣＮＫ是１．１７～１．４３）的特点。碱性系列的岩石组合是碱长正长岩（碱长粗面岩）－碱性石英正长岩（碱流岩）－碱性花岗岩（碱性流纹质熔结凝灰岩）。它们的ＳｉＯ２含量变化于５７％～７７％之间,Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｎａ２Ｏ分别大于９％、４％、５％,ＮＫ／Ａ为０．９～１．１２。以过铝质、碱钙性和碱性为序,三个岩石系列的Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ、ＲＥＥ含量依序增高,显示出明显的区别。上述特征表明,三个岩石系列的性质和特征明显不同,分别属于三种岩石成因类型。 相似文献
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为探讨长英质岩浆作用过程中金属成矿元素的地球化学行为及其成矿意义，我们进行了常压下花岗岩－ＫＢＦ３－Ｎａ２ＭｏＯ４－ＷＯ３体系的实验研究。结果表明，高温（１２５０℃）条件下呈均一状态的花岗岩－ＫＢＦ４－ＮａＭｏＯ４－ＷＯ３体系，当温度降低时发生液态不混溶，从中分离出含矿熔体的小液滴，体系中的Ｍｏ（Ｗ）几乎全部富集在这种小液滴中。含矿熔体中极富含Ｃａ、Ｍｇ和Ｐ，而贫Ｓｉ、Ａｌ和Ｋ，Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｆ富集在含矿熔体中。此实验结果表明：长英质岩浆中液态不混溶作用的发生可以使成矿元素Ｗ和Ｍｏ富集到与硅酸盐熔体不混溶的独立的非硅酸盐熔体中。这种熔体在适当的地质条件下继续演化可形成类似镁铁质岩浆演化过程中常出现的岩浆熔离型矿床。本实验结果可能为斑岩矿床的形成机理提供一种新的解释。 相似文献
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水在岩浆熔体中的溶解机理—水与硅酸盐熔体反应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文将有关水－熔体反应研究领域内的最新果归纳为以下几个方面：（１）硅酸盐熔体中水至少以三种方式存在：分子水，羟基和质子，它们的相对丰度是熔体组成，溶解水含量，温度，压力等多种因素的函数；（２）水的溶解使熔体粘度降低，但这并不一定要求Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｓｉ键的破坏，质子对Ｎａ＾＋，Ｋ＾＋的置换也产生同样效果；（３）相对于温度和压力而言，熔体的组成对水溶解度的影响程度更高，水的溶解度随富Ｎａ和Ｌｉ组分含量的增 相似文献
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应用＾２７Ａｌ、＾２９ＳｉＭＡＳ ＮＭＲ，喇曼和红外光谱技术研究了ＫＡｌＳｉ３Ｏ８溶体中水的溶解机理。在０．１ＭＰａ和２ＧＰａ下由等压淬火熔体制成了无水玻璃。含２．５ｗｔ％的含水玻璃在５和７ＧＰａ压力下等压淬火制成。在２ＧＰａ压力下等压淬火制成含２．５，５．０，和７．５ｗｔ％的含水玻璃。所有含水ＫＡｌＳｉ３Ｏ８玻璃的Ｒａｍａｎ和ＩＲ谱中均在９００ｃｍ＾－１附近出现一谱峰。所有２ＧＰａ含水玻璃９００ 相似文献
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一种计算NaAlSi3O8熔体粘度的理论方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
硅酸岩熔体的结构特征是制约熔体粘度的主要因素，熔体结构的变异是其中粘流作用发生的原因，化学成分对熔体粘度的控制是通过改变熔体结构而实现的。ＳｉＯ２熔体中仅存在Ｓｉ－Ｏ键，而ＮａＡｌ－Ｓｉ３Ｏ８熔体中存在Ｓｉ－Ｏ键，Ａｌ－Ｏ键和Ｎａ－Ｏ键，Ｎａ－Ｏ键在熔体结构中通过Ｏ与Ｓｉ－Ｏ键相联结，并且使与之相联的Ｓｉ－Ｏ键的键强变弱。因此，熔体结构单元中与Ｎａ－Ｏ键相联结的Ｓｉ－Ｏ键最易断开，并因此导致流变作用的发生。文中计算了不同温度条件下ＮａＡｌＳｉ３Ｏ８熔体中Ｓｉ－Ｏ键的键强，以ＳｉＯ２熔体中的Ｓｉ－Ｏ键的键强和ＳｉＯ２熔体的粘度为标准，建立了计算了ＮａＡｌＳｉ３Ｏ８熔体粘度的理论模型，依此理论模型求得的熔体粘度在合理的地质温度范围内与实验结果完全吻合 相似文献
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铜—1—（2—吡啶偶氮）—2—萘酚络合物吸附波的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在ＰＨ６．２的ＮａＯＨ－ＫＨ２ＰＯ４介质中,Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）与１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚生成络合物,在线性单扫描示波极谱仪上于－０．２５Ｖ处出现一灵敏络合物吸附波。铜的质量浓度在１－４６０μｇ／Ｌ内与峰高呈良好线性关系,检出限０．５μｇ／Ｌ。 相似文献
8.
赣南陂头A型花岗岩的地质地球化学特征及其形成的构造环境 总被引：59，自引：10，他引：49
赣南陂头岩体主要钾长花岗岩组成,岩石为准铝质（ＡＮＫＣ＝０．９４～１．０７,平均０．９８）,富硅（ＳｉＯ２：７１．０６％～７６．２８％）,富碱（Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ：８．１％～９．８％）,ＦｅＯ＾Ｔ／ＭｇＯ（％）较高（９．６０～２２．００）,ＣａＯ和ＭｇＯ含量低（分别为０．５８％～１．１６％和０．０７％～０．２５％）,富含稀土元素（∑ＲＥＥ＝２７１．３６～７１７．７５μｇ／ｇ）和高场强元素（Ｙ、Ｚｒ、 相似文献
9.
研究了新合成的１－（２－羟基－３,５－二硝基苯基）－３－「４－（苯基偶氮）苯基」－三氮烯（ＨＤＮＰＡＰＴ）试剂与铜的显色反应。在乳化剂ＯＰ存在下,ＰＨ１１．０的Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－ＮａＯＨ介质中,铜与ＨＤＮＰＡＰＴ形成的红色配合物,其组成比为１：２,λｍａｘ＝５４０ｎｍ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε５４０＝１．７３×１０＾５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｃｍ＾－１,铜的质量浓度在０￣３６０μｇ／Ｌ符合比尔定律。方法应用于大 相似文献
10.
新近在我国山西省娄烦县尖山铁矿的角闪片岩中发现一种取向连生的镁铁质闪石与钙质闪石共存对。电子探针分析确定它们分别为铁闪石Ｋ０．００１（Ｎａ０．０２７Ｃａ０．０７３Ｍｎ０．０３１Ｆｅ＾２＋１．８０１）１．９３２（Ｆｅ＾２＋２．９４８Ｍｇ１．９６４Ｔｉ０．００２Ａｌ０．０８７）５Ｓｉ８．０６９Ｏ２２．１０（ＯＨ）２与铁韭闪石（Ｋ０．１３５Ｎａ０．４６１）０．５９６（Ｎａ０．０８８Ｃａ１．８５３Ｍｎ０． 相似文献
11.
The system MgO-CO2-H2O has been studied up to 1,400? C and 4,000bars pressure using the sealed-capsule quenching technique.No melting was observed. At 1,000 bars pressure magnesite dissociatesat 780? C, and brucite at 635? C, to periclase and vapor. Theunivariant reaction MgCO3?Mg(OH)2 MgO + V proceeds at 630?C, at 1,000 bars and at 700? C, at 4,000 bars. Solubility measurementsshow that, at 1,000 bars and temperatures up to 1,000? C, lessthan 1.5 weight per cent MgO is dissolved in the vapor phase.Brucite is unstable in the presence of vapors containing morethan a small amount of CO2. The maximum percentage of CO2 ina vapor that can coexist with brucite increases with decreasingpressure and with increasing temperature: 6 weight per centCO2 is the maximum at 630? C, 1,000 bars, and 4 weight per centat 700? C, 4,000 bars. The phase relations in the isobaric TXprism for 1,000 bars pressure are described. The results illustratetwo dissociation reactions, decarbonation and dehydration, occurringin the presence of a vapor phase containing two volatile components,H2O and CO2. Applications to metamorphism are briefly discussed. 相似文献
12.
Zifu Wang Thomas F. Cooney Shiv K. Sharma 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1993,115(1):112-122
The structure of glasses and melts of Na2O· 0.5Fe2O3·3SiO2 and Na2O·FeO·3SiO2 compositions have been measured using high temperature Raman spectroscopy. For the oxidized sample it has been demonstrated that there is a close structural relationship between melt and glass. No coordination changes of Fe3+ with temperature and no new anionic species have been observed in the oxidized melt. The Raman spectra of the reduced sample clearly show a decrease in the degree of polymerization, as determined by the observation of the polarization character of the spectra and the details of the change of the Raman intensities during heating in hydrogen. Mössbauer spectra suggest that Fe3+ is tetrahedrally coordinated in the oxidized glass and part of the Fe2+ is tetrahedrally coordinated in the reduced glass. 相似文献
13.
An in situ high pressure powder diffraction study, using high-brilliance synchrotron radiation, on lead feldspar (PbAl2Si2O8) was performed. Two samples, with Q
od=0.68 and 0.76, were loaded in a diamond anvil cell and were compressed up to 11 GPa. Up to P=7.1 GPa the only phase present
is lead feldspar. In the range 7.1–9.4 GPa sudden changes in the position of the reflections suggest the transformation of
lead feldspar to a new phase (probably feldspar-like). The absence of split that would be compatible with triclinic symmetry
rules out the monoclinic-triclinic transition, that was reported for the structurally similar strontium feldspar. At P>9.4 GPa some new extra reflections not indexable in the feldspar cell are present as well. During decompression the lead
feldspar was the only phase present at P<6 GPa. Peak enlargement was observed with pressure, probably preliminary to amorphization. However almost complete amorphization
was observed only after fortuitous shock compression at ∼18 GPa; the crystallinity was recovered at room pressure after decompression.
The bulk modulus for lead feldspar was K=71.0(9) and 67.6(1.2) GPa for the two samples, in the range reported for feldspars.
The cell parameters show a compression pattern which is similar to that observed in anorthite, with Δa/a
0>Δc/c
0>Δb/b
0; comparison with the high temperature behaviour shows that for lead feldspar the strain tensor with pressure is more isotropic
and the deformation along a is less prominent. A turnover in the behaviour of the β angle with pressure suggests a change in the compression behaviour
at P∼2 GPa. Rietveld refinement of the Pb coordinates was performed in a series of spectra with pressure ranging from 0.6 to 6.5
GPa. The combined analysis of cell parameters and Pb coordinates with pressure showed that the compression of the structure
is mainly achieved by an approach of Pb atoms along a
*.
Received: 21 July 1998 / Revised, accepted: 13 October 1998 相似文献
14.
J. F. Stebbins D. F. Weill I. S. E. Carmichael L. K. Moret 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1982,80(3):276-284
Enthalpies and heat capacities of glasses and of stable liquids in the system NaAlSi3O8-CaAl2Si2O8 have been measured by drop and differential scanning calorimetry. Within experimental error, values of C
p and of H
T
300 of three intermediate compositions fall on straight line interpolations between the end members for both liquids and glasses, indicating that excesses in true and in mean heat capacities [(H
T
–H
300)/(T–300)] are small or absent. A value for the heat capacity of the An100 liquid component can therefore be derived, and is probably a better estimate than that based on measurements on the pure substance alone. On the assumption of zero excess heat capacity in this system, heats of mixing in the stable liquids are equal to those measured in the glasses by solution calorimetry, and can be as negative as -2 kcal mol–1.Heat capacities of solids and glasses in the Ab-An system are similar and do not vary greatly with composition. The C
P's of the liquids, however, increase strongly with An content, suggesting major structural changes take place across the binary. 相似文献
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An in situ high pressure X-ray diffraction study on synthetic pure ilvaite powder has been performed using a diamond anvil cell. A phase transition from monoclinic to orthorhombic (Pbnm) has been observed at 2.25 Gpa, which can be described as a λ-transition. 相似文献
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为了精确测定分解反应过程中钾的挥发量,结合GB8574-2002,在样品高钾铝硅酸盐物料(钾长石、碳酸钾焙烧熟料,K2O含量大于15%)处理中采用聚环氧乙烷絮凝沉淀Si,新制Ca(OH)2溶液除去Mg2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Mn2+等其他阳离子,加入碳酸铵稳定溶液pH值以除去Ca2+和Al3+.采用四苯硼钾重量法测定钾含量,测定结果与表样对照,相对误差在0.5%以内.实验表明:利用Ca(OH)2除杂,溶液pH值须控制在10～12;碳酸铵双水解反应后,溶液pH值须控制在7.35左右以除尽Ca2+和Al3+;低温(T＜473 K)蒸发溶液除去NH4+,消除了因生成四苯硼铵沉淀而带来的分析误差.结果表明该方法可以精确测定高钾铝硅酸盐物料的K2O含量,具有成本低、方便快捷、无需大型仪器之优点. 相似文献
17.
Jun Ito 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1976,59(2):187-194
Stoichiometric anorthite, CaAl2Si2O8, Pˉ1, with sharp a, b, c, and d diffractions was grown, using a CaV2O6 solvent, by cooling at 2 ° C per hour from 1450 to 750 ° C in air. Euhedral crystals up to 5 × 3× 0.5 mm, with prominent
{010} and well-developed {110} and {001}, were obtained by spontaneous nucleation.
Nonstoichiometric anorthite with excess SiO2 (CaAl2Si2O8+Si2Si2O8) was grown on the join CaAl2Si2O8-SiO2. Chemical analysis of the synthetic anorthite, having the highest SiO2 content, with maximum vacancies on M-site gave □0.110 Na0.006Ca0.884Al1.80Si2.20O8, and X-ray diffraction showed a trend from stoichiometric Pˉ1 through diffuse Pˉ1 to body-centered Iˉ1 probably reflecting
increasing disorder caused by a higher Si/Al ratio in the T-sites and the positional disorder accompanied by M-site vancancies.
Annealing of the nonstoichiometric diffuse Iˉ1 anorthite in air at 1050 ° C for 14 days resulted in exsolution of minute SiO2 inclusions due to probable ordering in the T-sites and filling of M-sites by Ca. Stoichiometric Pˉ1 anorthite was not obtained
by annealing at 1050 ° due to appreciable solubility of SiO2 in CaAl2Si2O8.
Metastable hexagonal CaAl2Si2O8 was found to be a twinned monoclinic crystal with cell dimensions: a = 10.24 (2), b = 17.74 (3), c= 14.99 (5) ?, β = 92.05 (5) °, space group C2. 相似文献
18.
由于现有的盐水溶液热力学状态方程比较复杂,对于盐水包裹体使用很不方便.笔者在已推导的低盐水包裹体热力学公式基础上,根据实验数值,采用数学拟合法,得到中高盐度(≥23.3%)NaCl-H2O溶液包裹体较精确的流体密度计算式:ρ(g/cm3)=A+B·th+C·th2(A=A0+A1·w+A2·w2;B=B0+B1·w+B2·w2:C=C0+C1·w+C2·w2)和包裹体等容式:p(×105Pa)=a+b·t+c·t2.当测定出包裹体的均一温度(th,℃)和含盐度(w,%),代入密度式即可计算包裹体的流体密度.再找出此密度、盐度的等容式中参数(a、b、c),将这一等容式和其他公式联立,可求得包裹体的形成温度和压力.本文还列举了利用密度式和等容式计算的3个实例. 相似文献
19.
Behavior and effects of phosphorus in the system Na2O−K2O−Al2O3−SiO2−P2O5−H2O at 200 MPa(H2O) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
David London George B. Morgan VI Harold A. Babb Jennifer L. Loomis 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1993,113(4):450-465
The addition of phosphorus to H2O-saturated and initially subaluminous haplogranitic (Qz–Ab–Or) compositions at 200 MPa(H2O) promotes expansion of the liquidus field of quartz, a marked decrease of the solidus temperature, increased solubility limits of H2O in melt at low phosphorus concentrations, and fractionation of melt out of the haplogranite plane (projected along an Or28 isopleth) toward a peralkaline, silica-poor but quartz-saturated minimum composition. The partition coefficient for P2O5 between aqueous vapor and melt with an ASI (aluminum saturation index, mol Al/[mol Na+K])=1 is negligible (0.06), and consequently so are the effects of phosphorus on other melt-vapor relations involving major components. Phosphorus becomes more soluble in vapor, however, as the concentration of a NaPO3 component increases via the fractionation of melt by crystallization of quartz and feldspar. The experimental results here corroborate existing concepts regarding the interaction of phosphorus with alkali aluminosilicate melt: phosphorus has an affinity for alkalis and Al, but not Si. Phosphorus is incorporated into alkali feldspars by the exchange component AlPSi-2. For subaluminous compositions (ASI=1), the distribution coefficient of phosphorus between alkali feldspar and melt, D[P]Af/m, is 0.3. This value increases to D[P]Af/m=1.0 at a melt ASI value of 1.3. The increase in D[P]Af/m with ASI is expected from the fact that excess Al promotes the AlPSi-2 exchange. With this experimental data, the P2O5 content of feldspars and whole rocks can reveal important facets of crystallization and phosphorus geochemistry in subaluminous to peraluminous granitic systems. 相似文献