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1.
大弹涂鱼土池育苗技术研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在总面积为3 340 m2的4口土池(835 m2/口)进行大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pecti-nirostris(Linnaeus))育苗试验研究。共放养1龄和2龄亲鱼11 000尾,2004年5月16日~5月21日和5月31日~6月4日先后孵出两批仔鱼,每批次的孵化时间持续5~6 d,共孵出仔鱼330×104尾。采用泼洒泥浆、接种轮虫、施肥、调节池水盐度和遮阳控制水温等方法进行仔稚鱼培育,土池育苗取得了突破性进展。初孵仔鱼经过34~53 d的培育,共培育出幼鱼34.76×104尾,幼鱼平均全长23.1 mm,平均体质量100.0 mg,平均成活率10.5%。试验结果表明,大弹涂鱼亲鱼未经性激素注射能在土池洞穴内自然产卵孵化,采取合理的技术措施在土池中进行大弹涂鱼批量育苗是可行的。 相似文献
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金钱鱼(Scatophagus argus)是一种具有观赏和食用价值的名贵海水经济鱼类,环境适应性和抗病抗逆性极强.本文首次较系统研究了金钱鱼养殖群体的繁殖生物学特性和人工诱导产卵技术.结果表明:金钱鱼雌雄性比为1.31:1,雌、雄鱼最小生殖生物学年龄均为1龄;2龄以上亲鱼生殖机能较健全,适合人工繁殖.4-8月是南方沿海金钱鱼的生殖期,盛期为5-7月.雌鱼个体绝对生殖力F为337309-635755粒,平均456320粒,个体相对生殖力(F/W,W体重)为720.4-963.3粒·g-1,平均843.1粒·g-1;金钱鱼性腺雌雄异体,雌鱼性腺成熟系数(gonadosomatic index,GSI)最高达14.7%,雄鱼GSI最高2.2%,为多次性产卵类型.金钱鱼能在淡水或低盐海水中正常生长发育,但需要在较高的盐度中生殖,在环境适宜条件下,性成熟的雌鱼经过混合激素的诱导[1.每千克体重15μg的LHRH-A2(促黄体索释放激素类似物,Luteinzing Hormone Releasing Hormone-analogue)+每千克体重3.0-4.0mg的DOM(地欧酮Domperidone);或2.每千克体重15μg的LHRH-A2+每千克体重1000-1500Iu的HCG(人体绒毛膜促性腺激素,Human Chorionic Gonadotropin,HCG)]能自然产卵和受精,月相盈亏和潮汐变动对金钱鱼的人工诱导产卵结果没有明显影响.金钱鱼产浮性卵,单油球,卵子直径750μm左右,受精卵每克约3500-3800粒,在水温27-29℃,盐度25%条件下,胚胎经过20-24h发育,孵化出仔鱼.刚出膜的仔鱼全长1.75-1.88mm,4日龄仔鱼全长2.6-2.8mm,卵黄囊消失,开始摄食浮游动物幼体,仔鱼处于内、外源营养转变期.研究工作为深入开展金钱鱼生殖调控和产业化种苗繁育技术开发研究提供繁殖生物学基础资料和实用技术. 相似文献
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大弹涂鱼室内人工繁殖和育苗技术研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文进行了大弹涂鱼室内人工繁殖和育苗研究.性激素注射雌性亲鱼864尾,雄性亲鱼846尾,以陶瓷管道诱导产卵和人工授精的方法获得受精卵,采用塑料箱和塑料桶两种容器孵化受精卵,比较了不同的仔稚鱼培育密度和培育方法与成活率的关系.研究结果表明,雌鱼的催熟率为40.0%～65.0%;管道产卵率为10.0%～26.0%,管道内卵子的平均受精率为60.0%～75.0%,人工授精卵平均受精率为45.0%～65.0%;管道内卵子在塑料箱内的孵化率为17.8%～28.0%,人工授精卵在塑料桶内的孵化率为38.5%～57.0%;共投放初孵仔鱼264000尾,经42～46d培育后变态为幼鱼,共培育出幼鱼31098尾,幼鱼平均全长为1.89cm,平均成活率为11.78%. 相似文献
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根据2010年春季对台湾海峡中部日本鲭的生物学测定数据及怀卵量计数结果,对其产卵群体的生物学特征进行了研究.结果表明：日本鲭产卵群体性比符合1∶1的雌雄性比关系;叉长范围212.00～271.00 mm,平均244.76 mm,优势组230.00～260.00 mm;雌鱼最小性成熟叉长225.00 mm,雄鱼最小性成熟叉长221.00 mm;体质量范围110.99～242.00 g,平均170.97 g,优势组130.00～220.00 g.雌雄个体的性腺成熟度均以Ⅳ～Ⅴ期为主,摄食强度均较高,雌鱼平均摄食强度为2.00,雄鱼平均摄食强度为2.25;雌鱼的平均摄食强度随性腺成熟度的提高呈下降趋势,而雄鱼正好相反;在达到完全性成熟前,雌雄鱼的性腺指数GSI都随着性腺的发育而增加,雌鱼的平均性腺指数GSI略高于雄鱼;绝对怀卵量5.283 5万～16.884 7万粒,平均10.405 0万±0.611 8万粒;叉长相对怀卵量227～625粒/mm,平均423±22粒/mm.随着叉长的增加,怀卵量也持续增加.叉长250.00 mm以上个体怀卵量相对于250.00 mm以下个体出现大幅增加趋势.与20世纪80年代研究结果相比,目前该海域日本鲭的大量性成熟年龄由2龄提前为1龄,最小性成熟年龄即为大量性成熟年龄;产卵群体年龄组成由1～5龄转变为1～2龄,优势组由2～3龄下降为1龄;产卵群体平均绝对怀卵量下降了33.23%.因此,为了保护该海域日本鲭资源并提高种群数量和年龄结构,应该首先制定合理的最小开捕叉长,同时在其春汛产卵期采取必要的休渔措施及在主要产卵场设立保护区. 相似文献
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半滑舌鳎胚胎发育及仔鱼生长与盐度的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
就半滑舌鳎(CynoglossussemilaevisGünther)受精卵和早期仔鱼生长发育与盐度的关系作了初步探讨。受精卵在盐度低于25的海水中全部下沉,在高于29的海水中浮在水面,而当盐度在26～28.5之间时在海水中呈悬浮状态。受精卵孵化的最适盐度为25～35,此盐度范围内孵化率都可达88%以上,盐度低于20或高于40孵化率降低,初孵仔鱼畸形率升高。盐度对仔鱼生长有一定的影响:盐度在25～35时初孵仔鱼存活率最高,盐度32.5时生长最好;盐度30～32.5范围内刚开口仔鱼的存活率较高,生长最快;盐度低于20时变态期仔鱼的存活率与盐度高于25时没有显著差异(P>0.05),但两者体长存在显著差异(P<0.05)。盐度高于40或低于10会延滞胚胎发育速率,孵化时间在盐度低于10时会相对延长。 相似文献
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日本无针乌贼全人工养殖条件下生活史研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
自2004—2007年间对日本无针乌贼Sepiella japonica进行了室内全人工养殖。亲体经暂养、促熟、交配后,在投放的附着基上产卵。孵化水温20~26℃,盐度25.0~32.0。受精卵经17~26d破膜而出。刚孵化的幼体为浮游型,胴长约为4mm。开口饵料为动物性活饵,如枝角类、桡足类、强化卤虫。经90~120d培育达到性成熟。获得性成熟个体2万只,成活率可达60%,平均体重100g。最小性成熟个体胴体长50mm。日龄120d可产卵,产卵量300~500粒。 相似文献
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台湾海峡野生牙鲆人工繁殖和育苗技术研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2003年12月至2004年5月对台湾海峡的野生牙鲆进行了亲鱼的驯养、促熟产卵及人工育苗技术研究.结果表明,活的鲻鱼苗可用于牙鲆亲鱼的诱食;当水温达到16.2~19.5℃时,牙鲆可自然产卵,产卵盛期为3月中旬至4月上旬.4月份受精率高达86%.在驯养过程中亲鱼未发生死亡.本实验共用受精卵约153万粒,孵出仔鱼140.8万尾,孵化率达92%.经63d培育,育出全长3.8~5.5cm幼鱼53.4万尾,成活率37.9%.育苗水温为20~24℃,海水盐度为26~31. 相似文献
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大泷六线鱼全人工繁育技术研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
2012年~2014年,作者在山东省海洋生物研究院鳌山卫中试基地进行了大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)全人工繁育研究,通过人工促熟、激素诱导,培育F1代全人工亲鱼558尾(雄鱼231尾,雌鱼327尾),获得受精卵33.0万粒,孵化F2代仔鱼30.0万尾,受精率98%,孵化率91%。在水温16~17℃、盐度31、p H 7.8~8.1、溶解氧6 mg/L条件下,历时110 d,培育平均全长6.2 cm F2代苗种11.7万尾,苗种成活率39%。作者在国内外首次开展了大泷六线鱼全人工繁育技术研究,丰富了大泷六线鱼养殖基础资料,为大泷六线鱼产业的发展奠定基础。 相似文献
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本文根据1984—1985年间在汾河水库采集的850尾H.leucisculus样品,对其年龄生长、食性、生殖和胚胎发育等进行研究。用Von.Bertalanffy生长公式描述了的该鱼生长特征。论述了这种鱼是以动物性食物为主的杂食性鱼类;摄食方式是主动捕食;其全面性成熟年龄,雄鱼为1龄,雌鱼为2龄;绝对怀卵量,据采集的标本为3766—2353粒;生殖期为6月下旬至8月上旬;产卵水温为24℃,卵呈粘性;孵化水温为24—25℃,时间为26.5小时;初孵仔鱼体长2.1—2.4毫米,体无色素,肌节41—43对。 相似文献
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实验以凡纳滨对虾受精卵和各期幼体为试验材料,探讨了高盐和温度对受精卵孵化和幼体发育的影响,以及各期幼体对高盐的耐受性。结果表明,高盐胁迫和温度显著影响受精卵的孵化率、初孵时间和集中孵化时间(P0.05)。随盐度和温度升高,平均孵化率呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,盐度30和温度32°C时孵化率最高。盐度由33升至36时孵化率由74.67%下降到50.79%,盐度39时孵化率仅为3.42%,盐度42无幼体孵出。受精卵最早可在7.5h左右完成幼体破膜孵化。同一温度下,初孵时间随盐度的升高而延长。盐度27—33和温度30—33°C时,受精卵集中于胚胎发育后的7.5—11.5h完成孵化,时间最短;溞状幼体对高盐胁迫的耐受性随变态发育逐渐提高,表现为Z3Z2Z1;糠虾各期幼体及仔虾P1—P3间耐盐性均无显著差异(P0.05)。此外,幼体的发育指数也随盐度升高而下降,盐度越高,幼体发育越慢。结果说明,高盐和低温会抑制凡纳滨对虾受精卵孵化和幼体变态,受精卵孵化的盐度上限在39—42之间。 相似文献
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The present paper investigates the effect of environmental variability on the spawning dynamics of sardine, Sardina pilchardus, in the Eastern Mediterranean. To do so, variability in four different reproductive traits, i.e. reproductive activity, incidence of recent spawning, prevalence of early ovarian atresia and relative batch fecundity was tested along a gradient of habitat conditions like water temperature, chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration and an index of zooplankton production. Apart from atretic prevalence all remaining traits were significantly and positively correlated with Chl a concentration which indicates that sardine in the E. Mediterranean tends to enhance egg production under conditions of increased primary productivity. On the other hand, prevalence of atresia together with spawning incidence were positively affected by water temperature whilst the only factor that correlated significantly with the index of zooplankton production was relative fecundity. These findings were interpreted as an indication of direct energy flow from phytoplankton filter-feeding to gonadal development and egg production, implying that besides capitalized energy sardine also uses current income for supporting reproduction. 相似文献
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John C. McCain 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(1):17-19
Runanga wairoa n.sp., a deep sea amphipod, is described from a female specimen collected in deeper waters to the east of New Zealand. Features that distinguish it from R. coxalis Barnard are noted. 相似文献
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Reproductive biology of horse mackerel Trachurus capensis and Trachurus trecae in Namibia and Angola
《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(2):141-150
Harvest control measures for Namibia and Angola are defined using reference points for spawning biomass, which requires knowledge of spawning potential and dynamics of fishery stocks. The reproductive biology of two species of horse mackerel, Trachurus capensis and Trachurus trecae, in these waters was investigated for spawning distribution in time and space. Samples were collected during two scientific cruises conducted in February and July/August 2007 off the coast of Namibia and Angola. A total of 396 fish ovaries was examined to determine the spawning dynamics of the two species. The ovaries were histologically analysed and their oocyte distributions mapped. The length (TL)–weight relationships of the two species differed significantly. The observed development of oocyte recruitment and absence of a hiatus in the oocyte distribution indicated that these species are indeterminate spawners. Analyses of the data from the NatMIRC database (2001–2004) indicated annual changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI) for T. capensis at different latitudes, but these changes were small. GSI also fluctuated between years and areas, but there were no clear spatial or temporal trends, with averages ≤4.0% at all stations. The GSI of both species was not indicative of the histologically determined development of gonad maturity. Oocyte maturation for T. capensis indicated that smaller and younger fish spawn first. Batch fecundity (F) for T. trecae was best described by F = 4 986 TL (cm) – 99 645 (r 2 = 0.83). This study provided the first analyses of oocyte development in time and space for the two species in the region. 相似文献
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Twelve Galaxias postvectis (shortjaw kokopu) and four G. fasciatus (banded kokopu) spawning sites were found on the margins of the Katikara Stream, Taranaki, New Zealand. This is the first time G. postvectis spawning sites have been documented. G. fasciatus spawning sites discovered in this study confirm previous observations elsewhere in New Zealand. These spawning sites were all found out of water, variable distances from the base flow water level amongst stony substrate, vegetation, and debris. Most G. fasciatus appeared to lay their eggs, and subsequently hatch, c. 3 weeks earlier than G. postvectis, which spawned from 9 to 17 May 2001. G. brevipinnis (koaro) larvae were also identified drifting downstream in late May and mid June 2001. Deposition of eggs and subsequent hatching were found to be associated with elevated flows. 相似文献