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1.
Summary The surface thermal flux of the continental margins of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea is interpreted on the basis of a 1-D instantaneous pure shear stretching model of the lithosphere in terms of three components: the background heat flowing out from the asthenosphere (38 mW m–2), the transient contribution depending on the rift age and extension amount (35 mW m–2 at the most), and the contribution due to the radiogenic elements of the lithosphere. The radiogenic component is estimated at the continental margins of the Ligurian-Provençal basin and Valencia trough, and in the surrounding mainland areas by means of available data of surface heat generation from Variscan Corsica, Maures-Estérel and the Central Massif along with a geophysical-petrological relationship between heat production and seismic velocity. The lithosphere radiogenic heat contribution ql decreases with the thinning factor according to the exponential law: ql() = a exp(-b), in which factor b is greater for that part of the lithosphere below the uppermost 10 km. Considering also the heat generated by radioactive isotopes in sediments, the stable Variscan lithosphere produces an average thermal flux of 30 mW m–2 which decreases by about one half where the lithosphere is thinned by one third. Although the surface heat generation is 2·1 – 3·3 µW m–3 in the Maures-Estérel massif — excepting small outcrops of dioritic rocks with lower heat production — and 1·8 µW m–3 for most of Corsica, the radiogenic heating within the lithosphere for such areas is nearly the same and does not explain the higher heat flux of the Corsica margin. This asymmetric thermal pattern with surface heat flux which is 10 – 15 mW m–2 higher than predictions is probably of upper mantle origin, or can be ascribed to penetrative magmatism. 相似文献
2.
An attempt is made to obtain a combined geophysical model along two regional profiles: Black Sea— White Sea and Russian Platform—French Central Massif. The process of the model construction had the following stages: 1. The relation between seismic velocity (Vp, km/s) and density (σ, g/cm3) in crustal rocks was determined from seismic profiles and observed gravity fields employing the trial and error method. 2. Relations between heat production HP (μW/m3), velocity and density were established from heat flow data and crustal models of old platforms where the mantle heat flow HFM is supposed to be constant. The HFM value was also determined to 11 ± 5 mW/m2. 3. A petrological model of the old platform crust is proposed from the velocity-density models and the observed heat flow. It includes 10–12 km of acid rocks, 15–20 km of basic/metamorphic rocks and 7–10 km of basic ones. 4. Calculation of the crustal gravity effects; its substraction from the observed field gave the mantle gravity anomalies. Extensively negative anomalies have been found in the southern part of Eastern Europe (50–70 mgal) and in Western Europe (up to 200 mgal). They correlate with high heat flow and lower velocity in the uppermost mantle. 5. A polymorphic advection mechanism for deep tectonic processes was proposed as a thermal model of the upper mantle. Deep matter in active regions is assumed to be transported (advected) upwards under the crust and in its place the relatively cold material of the uppermost mantle descends. The resulting temperature distribution depends on the type of endogeneous regime, on the age and size of geostructure. Polymorphic transitions were also taken into account. 相似文献
3.
We have measured concentrations of heat producing elements (Th, U, and K) in 58 samples representative of the main lithologies in a 100 km transect of the Superior Province of the Canadian Shield, from the Michipicoten (Wawa) greenstone belt, near Wawa, Ontario, through a domal gneiss terrane of amphibolite grade, to the granulite belt of the Kapuskasing Structural Zone, near Foleyet. This transect has been interpreted as an oblique cross section through some 25 km of crust, uplifted along a major thrust fault, and thus provides an opportunity to examine in detail a continuous profile into deep continental crust of Archean age. Mean heat production values for these terranes, based on aereal distribution of major rock types and calculated from their Th, U, and K concentrations are: Michipicoten greenstone belt = 0.72 μW m−3; Wawa domal gneiss terrane (amphibolite grade) = 1.37 μW m−3; Kapuskasing granulites = 0.44 μW m−3. Among the silicic plutonic rocks (tonalites, granites, and their derivative gneisses), the relatively large variation in heat production correlates with modal abundances of accessory minerals including allanite, sphene, zircon, and apatite. We interpret these variations as primary (pre-metamorphic). The relatively high weighted mean heat production of the domal gneiss terrane can be accounted for by the larger proportion there of late-stage Th-, U-, and K-rich granitoid plutons. These may have been derived from the underlying Kapuskasing granulite terrane, leaving it slightly depleted in heat producing elements. Transport of Th, U, and K, therefore, could have taken place in silicate melts rather than in aqueous or carbonic metamorphic fluids. This conclusion is supported by the lack of a statistically significant difference in heat production between tonalites, tonalite gneisses and mafic rocks of amphibolite versus granulite grade.The pre-metamorphic radioactivity profile for this crustal section is likely to have been uniformly low, with a mean heat production value less than 1 μW m−3. This result is distinctly different from measured profiles in more silicic terranes, which show decreasing heat production with depth. This implies fundamental differences in crustal radioactivity distributions between granitic and more mafic terranes, and may be an important factor in selective reactivation of lithologically different terranes, possibly resulting in preferential stabilization of basic terranes in the geological record. Our results indicate that a previously determined apparently linear heat flow-heat production relationship for the Kapuskasing area does not relate to the distribution of heat production with depth. Low, but significant heat production, 0.4–0.5 μW m−3, continues to lower crustal depths with no correlation to the depth parameter from the linear relationship. This low heat production may be a minimum average granulite heat production and suggests that, in general, heat flow through the Moho is 8–10 mW m−2 lower than the reduced heat flow calculated from the heat flow-heat production regression. 相似文献
4.
Summary The results of geothermal research carried out in South Siberia (West-Siberian and Siberian Platforms, Altai-Sayan folded area and the Baikalian arched uplift zone) were employed to calculate the Earth's crustal temperatures. It is shown that temperature is a function of the heat flow value. The maps of the surface heat flow and the temperatures at the Moho discontinuity are presented and characteristic temperature-depth profiles were compiled for specific tectonic areas. The West-Siberian and Siberian Platforms, as well as the Altai-Sayan folded region are characterized by rather low heat flow, 42–50mW m
–2
(1.0–1.2 µcal/cm
2
s), and low temperatures at the Moho boundary.400–500 °C. The thermal conditions in the area of Lake Baikal are extreme, the heat flow reaches here100–142 mW m
–2
(2.4–3.4 µcal/cm
2
s), and the temperature at the crust's bottom may exceed1000 °C. The Moho-surface according to our calculations is nonisothermal. 相似文献
5.
The western part of the Bohemian Massif has played an exceptional role in recent geodynamic activity of the region. It is characterised by repeated occurrences of earthquake swarms and by other manifestations of deep tectonic processes (CO
2
emissions, anomalous
3
He content, mineral waters, mofettes, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to introduce some other intraplate regions with earthquake swarm occurrence (French Massif Central; Colli Albani and Vulsini Mts., central Italy; Southern Apennines, Italy; the Danville and Long Valley regions, California; central Arkansas), and with artificially induced earthquake swarms (Larderello, Italy, geothermal field; Coso, California, geothermal field; NE Bavaria, Germany, deep drilling project). Although these areas represent different tectonic environments, the manifestations of recent geodynamic and/or man-made activity are similar in many aspects. This coincidence most probably issues from a common cause of both tectonic and artificially induced earthquake swarms – intrusions/injections of fluids. Since the regions with earthquake swarm occurrence of tectonic origin are situated as a rule in the close neighbourhood of Quaternary volcanoes, the intruding fluids seem to be derived from magma recently transported to upper crustal layers. 相似文献
6.
The surface heat flow in the interior of Archean cratons is typically about 40 mW m−2 while that in Proterozoic and younger terrains surrounding them is generally considerably higher. The eighty-four heat flow observations from southern Africa provide an excellent example of this contrast in surface heat flow, showing a difference of some 25 mW m−2 between the Archean craton and younger peripheral units. We investigate two possible contributions to this contrast: (1) a shallow mechanism, essentially geochemical, comprising a difference in crustal heat production between the two terrains, and (2) a deeper mechanism, essentially geodynamical, arising from the existence of a lithospheric root beneath the Archean craton which diverts heat away from the craton into the thinner surrounding lithosphere. A finite element numerical model which explores the interplay between these two mechanisms suggests that a range of combinations of differences in crustal heat production and lithospheric thickness can lead to the contrast in surface heat flow observed in southern Africa. Additional constraints derived from seismological observations of cratonic roots, the correlation of surface heat flow and surface heat production, petrological estimates of the mean heat production in continental crust and constraints on upper mantle temperatures help narrow the range of acceptable models. Successful models suggest that a cratonic root beneath southern Africa extends to depths of 200–400 km. A root in this thickness range can divert enough heat to account for 50–100% of the observed contrast in surface heat flow, the remainder being due to a difference in crustal heat production between the craton and the surrounding mobile belts in the range of zero to 0.35 μW m−3. 相似文献
7.
M. Feuillade J. Feuillade V. Fiala 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1990,52(4):345-359
The effect of light intensity on the release of dissolved organic carbon during photosynthesis on NaH14CO3 was investigated using the phytoplanktonic CyanobacteriumOscillatoria rubescens. The released products were fractionated by molecular size and chemical identifications attempted using combined thin-layer electrophoresis and chromatography, and high pressure liquid chromatography.Within the range of irradiances tested (from 6 to 60 µmole m–2 sec–1), though the upper one inhibited photosynthesis ofO. rubescens, light had little effect on the quantity and composition of the excreted products. The released carbon was always lower than 3% of the incorporated carbon, and mainly composed (62 to 86%) by small molecular weight compounds. The prevailing identified compounds were amino acids which represented more than 20% of the excreted carbon. Among organic acids, glycolic acid accounted for less than 2% of the recovered radioactivity. Glucose was the only identified sugar.Abbreviations EOC
excreted organic carbon
- DOC
dissolved organic carbon
- PER
percent extracellular release
- LMW
low molecular weight
- HMW
high molecular weight
- AA
amino acids
- µmoles
m–2 sec–1 = µEinsteins m–2 sec–1 相似文献
8.
Břetislav Beránek Milica Mayerová Milada Zounková Alexander Guterch Rufin Materzok Jan Pajchel Reviewer J. Vaněk 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1973,17(3):205-217
Summary The paper deals with the results of DSS measurements along international profile VII, carried out by Czechoslovak and Polish geophysicists in 1970 – 71. The profile situation is shown in Fig. 1. By 1971 part of the profile in the region of the Bohemian Massif between points 1 and 3 and in Poland between points 5 and 7 had been surveyed (Fig. 2). The seismograms were used to construct the travel-time curves of the fundamental types of waves PK, PM, Pn (Fig. 4). The mean velocities were computed from the travel-time curves of the reflected waves (PM and PK) and the refracted waves (Pg). Isolines of the mean velocities could be constructed for the region of the Bohemian Massif (Fig. 6). The velocity data found were used for the depth interpretation of the travel-time curves of the principal types of waves and to construct a seismic section (Fig. 8). In the region of the Pre-Sudeten block the thickness of the crust was found to be 34–37 km, and in the Sudeten it increased to 40 km. Towards the south the thickness of the crust gradually reduces to 30 km in the system of the Luice faults. In the Bohemian Cretaceous the thickness of the crust is about 30 km. Further to the south, in the region of the Moldanubicum, the thickness of the Earth's crust increases rapidly, and at the southern border of the Central Bohemian pluton it reaches values of about 42 km. 相似文献
9.
Summary The coalification data of 12 boreholes in the Central Bohemian Basin are used to evaluate the paleotemperature gradients for the Upper Carboniferous period of the basin's development. Two versions of the burial history considered are supposed to yield an upper and a lower estimate. According to the more probable lower version, the average values of the paleogradient suggest an increasing tendency from west to east in the interval of 45–53K/km. The current geothermal gradients vary in the range of 28–35K/km. By combining the present thermal conductivity and the paleogradients, we have tried to estimate the Upper Carboniferous heat flow. Its values range from 96mW/m
2
to 117mW/m
2
.The results obtained can be compared with the paleogradient estimates in the Saar-Nahe Basin (F. R. of Germany). This region, which is similar with respect to the time of origin and tectonic pattern to the Central Bohemian Basin, displays on the average a slightly higher Permo-Carboniferous geothermal gradient of 60K/km. 相似文献
10.
In southern British Columbia the terrestrial heat flow is low (44 mW m–2) to the west of the Coast Plutonic Complex (CPC), average in CPC (50–60 mW m–2),and high to the east(80–90 mW m–2). The average heat flow in CPC and the low heat generation (less than 1 W m–3) indicate that a relatively large amount of heat flows upwards into the crust which is generally quite cool. Until two million years ago the Explorer plate underthrust this part of the American plate, carrying crustal material into the mantle. Melted crustal rocks have produced the inland Pemberton and Garibaldi volcanic belts in the CPC.Meager Mountain, a volcanic complex in the CPC 150 km north of Vancouver, is a possible geothermal energy resource. It is the product of intermittent activity over a period of 4 My, the most recent eruption being the Bridge River Ash 2440 y B.P. The original explosive eruption produced extensive fracturing in the granitic basement, and a basal explosion breccia from the surface of a cold brittle crust. This breccia may be a geothermal reservoir. Other volcanic complexes in the CPC have a similar potential for geothermal energy.Earth Physics Contribution No. 704. 相似文献
11.
Joseph G. Meert Douglas L. Smith Len Fishkin 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》1991,47(3-4)
Heat flow values were calculated from direct measurements of temperature and thermal conductivity at thirteen sites in the Arkansas-Missouri Ozark Plateau region. These thirteen values are augmented by 101 estimates of heat flow, based on thermal conductivity measurements and temperature gradients extrapolated from bottom-hole temperatures. The regional heat flow profile ranges from 9 mW m−2 to over 80 mW m−2, but at least two distinct thermal regimes have been identified. Seven new heat flow determinations are combined with three previously published values for the St. Francois Mountains (SFM), a Precambrian exposure of granitic and rhyolitic basement rocks, average 47 mW m−2. Radioactive heat production of 76 samples of the exposed rocks in the SFM averages 2.4 μW m−2 and a typical continental basement contribution of 14 mW m−2 is implied. Conversely, the sedimentary rock sequence of the plateau is characterized by an anomalously low heat flow, averaging approximately 27 mW m−2. Groundwater transmissivity values that are based on data from 153 wells in deep regional aquifers demonstrate an inverse relationship to the observed heat flow patterns. The areas of high transmissivity that correspond to areas of low total heat flux suggest that the non-conservative vertical heat flow within the Ozark sedimentary sequence can be attributed to the effects of groundwater flow. 相似文献
12.
Burša Milan Kouba Jan Müller Achim Raděj Karel True Scott A. Vatrt Viliam Vojtíšková Marie 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1999,43(1):1-6
Geopotential values W of the mean equipotential surfaces representing the mean ocean topography were computed on the basis of four years (1993 - 1996) TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data: W = 62 636 854.10m
2
s
–2
for the Pacific (P), W = 62 636 858.20m
2
s
–2
for the Atlantic (A), W = 62 636 856.28m
2s–2
for the Indian (I) Oceans. The corresponding mean separations between the ocean levels were obtained as follows: A – P = – 42 cm, I– P = – 22 cm, I – A = 20 cm, the rms errors came out at about 0.3 cm. No sea surface topography model was used in the solution. 相似文献
13.
The thermal energy balance and the temperature profile of the Hakone volcano are considered quantitatively. Across the Hakone volcano and its surroundings the heat flow values vary from 10–1 to 103 mW/m2, due to thermal conduction and mass flow involving volcanic steam and hot spring discharge. An area with extremely low heat flow is observed in the western side of the caldera showing the presence of percolating meteoric water. The hydrothermal activity is intense in the eastern half of the caldera.The total heat discharge from the high temperature zone (discharge area) of the Hakone volcano amounts to 11.0×107 W. The magmatic steam energy discharge is 95.0×106 W. The thermal energy by redistribution of the terrestrial heat flow by the lateral deep ground water flow is calculated to be 9.00×106 W. For the model having the vertical vent in the volcano's central part up to 1 km depth below the ground surface from a magma reservoir the computed temperature distribution is consistent with the observed values. The depth of the magma reservoir is 7 km below the ground surface and the diameter is 5 km. 相似文献
14.
Špičák A. Horálek J. Boušková A. Tomek Č. Vaněk J. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1999,43(1):87-106
We are proposing a hypothesis that earthquake swarms in the West Bohemia/Vogtland seismoactive region are generated by magmatic activity currently transported to the upper crustal layers. We assume that the injection of magma and/or related fluids and gases causes hydraulic fracturing which is manifested as an earthquake swarm at the surface. Our statements are supported by three spheres of evidence coming from the western part of the Bohemian Massif: characteristic manifestations of recent geodynamic activity, the information from the neighbouring KTB deep drilling project and from the 9HR seismic reflection profile, and the detailed analysis of local seismological data. (1) Recent manifestations of geodynamic activity include Quaternary volcanism, rich CO
2
emissions, anomalies of mantle-derived
3
He, mineral springs, moffets, etc. (2) The fluid injection experiment in the neighbouring KTB deep borehole at a depth of 9 km induced hundreds of micro-earthquakes. This indicates that the Earth's crust is near frictional failure in the western part of the Bohemian Massif and an addition of a small amount of energy to the tectonic stress is enough to induce an earthquake. Some pronounced reflections in the closely passing 9HR seismic reflection profile are interpreted as being caused by recent magmatic sills in the crust. (3) The local broadband seismological network WEBNET provides high quality data that enable precise localization of seismic events. The events of the January 1997 earthquake swarm are confined to an extremely narrow volume at depths of about 9 km. Their seismograms display pronounced reflections of P- and S-waves in the upper crust. The analysis of the process of faulting has disclosed a considerable variability of the source mechanism during the swarm.
We conclude that the mechanism of intraplate earthquake swarms generated by magma intrusions is similar to that of induced seismicity. As the recent tectonic processes and manifestations of geodynamic activity are similar in European areas with repeated earthquake swarm occurrence (Bohemian Massif, French Massif Central, Rhine Graben), we assume that magma intrusions and related fluid and gas release at depths of about 10 km are the universal cause of intraplate earthquake swarm generation 相似文献
15.
Christian Amblard Télesphore Sime-Ngando Saad Rachiq Gilles Bourdier 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1993,55(1):1-9
The abundance and the biomass of bacterial, phytoplanktonic, and ciliate communities were estimated at different depths during the spring planktonic development in an oligo-mesotrophic lake (the Pavin lake).The bacterial population, which consists mainly of free bacteria (94% of the total bacterial abundance), displays only low cell densities (0.6 to 7 × 105 cells · ml–1) and represents low biomass values (0.9 to 11.5 µgC·l–1) The bacteria represent from 0.9 to 23.8% (M = 9.7%) of the microplanktonic biomass (with the exclusion of heterotrophic nanoflagellates, i.e. bacteria + phytoplankton + ciliates, size range 0.2–160 µm). The abundance of the phytoplankton varies between 0.5 and 1.8 × 106 cells·l–1, and the biomass values between 12 and 118 µC·l–1. The phytoplankton population constitutes the largest part of the microplanktonic biomass (51.9 to 96.6%, M = 80.6%), and the diatomMelosira italica subsp.subarctica is the largely dominant species of this community. The population of ciliates, essentiallyOligotrichida andScuticociliatida, displays densities between 1.3 and 38.3 × 103 cells·l–1 (M = 6.7 × 103 cells·l–1), and biomass values vary from 0.10 to 16.30 µgC·l–1 (M = 6.01 µgC·l–1). The ciliates constitute thus from 0.1 to 26.4% (M = 9.8%) of the microplanktonic biomass. Whereas the oligotrichs are best represented in the euphotic zone, the small-sized scuticociliates dominate in the hypolimnion. Besides, species having symbionts and considered to be mixotrophic (Strobilidium gyrans, Strombidium viride, Stokesia vernalis) develop preferentially in the epilimnion and constitute more than 50% of the total ciliate biomass. 相似文献
16.
Jacek Majorowicz 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(1-2):109-123
The results of seismic measurements along the deep seismic sounding profile VII and terrestrial heat flow measurements used for construction of heat generation models for the crust in the Paleozoic Platform region, the Sudetic Mountains (Variscan Internides) and the European Precambrian Platform show considerable differences in mantle heat flow and temperatures. At the base of the crust variations from 440–510°C in the models of Precambrian Platform to 700–820°C for the Paleozoic Platform and the Variscan Internides (Sudets) are found. These differences are associated with considerable mantle heat flow variations.The calculated models show mantle heat flow of about 8.4–12.6 mW m–2 for the Precambrian Platform and 31 mW m–2 to 40.2 mW m–2 for Paleozoic orogenic areas. The heat flow contribution originating from crustal radioactivity is almost the same for the different tectonic units (from 33.5 mW m–2 to 37.6 mW m–2). Considerable physical differences in the lower crust and upper mantle between the Precambrian Platform and the adjacent areas, produced by lateral temperature variations, could be expected. On the basis of carbon ratio data it can be concluded that the Carboniferous paleogeothermal gradient was much lower in the Precambrian Platform area than in the Paleozoic Platform region. 相似文献
17.
Lijuan He Shengbiao Hu Wencai Yang Jiyang Wang 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2009,277(3-4):525-538
The Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) project is located at the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) belt. It offers a unique opportunity for studying the radiogenic heat production of both shallower and deeper rocks. Based on the concentrations of radiogenic elements U, Th and K on 349 samples from main hole of CCSD (CCSD MH), pilot holes and exposures, we determined radiogenic heat productions of all major rock types in the Sulu UHPM belt. Results show the mean values of orthogneiss and paragneiss are respectively 1.65 ± 0.81 and 1.24 ± 0.61 µW m? 3. Due to different composition and grade of retrogressive metamorphism, the eclogites display significant scatter in radiogenic heat production, ranging from 0.01 to 2.85 µW m? 3, with a mean of 0.44 ± 0.55 µW m? 3. The radiogenic heat production in ultramafic rocks also varies within a large range of 0.02 to 1.76 µW m? 3, and the average turns out to be 0.18 ± 0.31 µW m? 3. Based on the measurements and crustal petrologic model, the vertical distribution model of heat production in Sulu crust is established. The resulting mean heat production (0.76 µW m? 3) contributes 24 mW m? 2 to the surface heat flow. 1-D thermal model indicates that the temperature at the Moho reaches above 750 °C, and the thermal thickness of the lithosphere is ~ 75 km, in good agreement with the geophysical results. The high teat flow (~ 75 mW m? 2) together with thin lithosphere presents strong support for the extension events during the late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. 相似文献
18.
The two commonly used statistical measures of the air-sea heat flux, the sampling and classical means, have been compared using hourly reports over a 7-year-period from a weather ship stationed in the NE Atlantic. The sampling mean is the average over all flux estimates in a given period, where individual flux estimates are determined from ship reports of meteorological variables using the well-known bulk formulae. The classical mean is the flux derived by substituting period-averaged values for each of the meteorological variables into the bulk formula (where the averaging period employed is the same as that over which the fluxes are to be determined). Monthly sampling and classical means are calculated for the latent and sensible heat fluxes. The monthly classical mean latent heat flux is found to overestimate the sampling mean by an amount which increases from 1–2 W m−2 in summer to 7 W m−2 in winter, on average, over the 7-year-period. In a given winter month, the excess may be as great as 15 W m−2, which represents about 10% of the latent heat flux. For the sensible heat flux, any seasonal variation between the two means is of the order of 1 W m−2 and is not significant compared to the interannual variation. The discrepancy between the two means for the latent heat flux is shown to arise primarily from a negative correlation between the wind speed and sea-air humidity difference, the effects of which are implicitly included in the sampling method but not in the classical. The influence of the dominant weather conditions on the sign and magnitude of this correlation are explored, and the large negative values that it takes in winter are found to depend on the typical track of the mid-latitude depressions with respect to the position sampled. In conclusion, it is suggested that sampling means should be employed where possible in future climatological studies. 相似文献
20.
A target of our study was the Bohemian Massif in Central Europe that was emplaced during the Variscan orogeny. We used teleseismic records from ten broadband stations lying within and around the massif. Different techniques of receiver function interpretation were applied, including 1-D inversion of R- and Q-components, forward modelling of V
s
velocity, and simultaneous determination of Moho depth and Poissons ratio in the crust. These results provide new, independent information about the distribution of S wave velocity down to about 60 km depth. In the area of Bohemian Massif, the crustal thickness varies from 29 km in the NW to 40 km in the SE. A relatively simple velocity structure with gradually increasing velocities in the crust and uppermost mantle is observed in the eastern part of the Bohemian Massif. The western part of the massif is characterized by more complicated structure with low S wave velocities in the upper crust, as well as in the uppermost mantle. This could be related to tectono-magmatic activity in the Eger rift that started in the uppermost Cretaceous and was active in the West Bohemia-Vogland area till the late Cenozoic. 相似文献