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本文根据安宁河地区布格重力异常资料进行位场变换后得到的深部重力异常,采用质面压缩法反演得出了莫霍面深度。研究了该区深部构造特征,利用重力垂直二次导数定性地划分了该区的深部断裂,对深部构造与地震的关系进行了探索性研究。认为:(1)该区处于青藏块体与华南块体的交接地带,深部构造特征也表现了这种交接带的复杂性;(2)地壳深部受近东西向构造影响十分强大,南北向的安宁河断裂在西昌以南段无深部构造背景显示;(3)强震活动区与深部构造关系密切,处于特殊构造部位的西昌——冕宁段今后仍是强震重复发生的地段。 相似文献
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常玉巧 《地震地磁观测与研究》2021,42(z1):142-144
1 研究背景
德钦—维西地区位于滇西北川滇菱形块体边缘的活动构造区(马瑾,1988),构造位置特殊,地处青藏高原东南缘横断山脉中南段,川滇菱形块体西北界争议较大的三江并流地区,特提斯—喜马拉雅构造域东南部弧形构造转折处,冈瓦纳古陆与欧亚大陆拼合带边缘,也是扬子准地台与滇西地槽摺皱带交接区,构造复杂(吴长富,1998).区内分布有德钦—中甸—大具断裂和维西—乔后断裂等活动断裂.区域地震活动比较活跃,其分布与块体边界的作用及深部特征有着密切关系. 相似文献
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《华南地震》2015,(4)
以90 m分辨率的SRTM DEM数据为基础,利用Arc GIS软件提取徐州及其周围流域水系,并结合地形图进行校正与修改。用GIS空间分析技术对徐州地区做水系密度的统计分析,在此基础之上结合地质、深部特征、地震活动性分布等资料,研究徐州及其周围地区隐伏活动构造特征,得出研究区隐伏活动构造的规律,同时验证了水系密度等值线高梯度带,特别是梯度带的转弯及两个方向的交接部位是现代强震的分布地带;水系密度图与布格重力异常图的异常区均为近代强震发生的区域。为探索利用水系密度等值线图探讨徐州地区隐伏活动构造的特征提供了一定的借鉴意义,为揭示全新世以来平原覆盖层下地震构造及其活动的基本特征提供新的技术思路。 相似文献
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北西向张家口－蓬莱断裂带由近２０条北西至北西西向断裂组成,是一条对新生代区域地质构造发育起到重要控制作用的地壳构造带。断裂带新生代活动由中部向西北和东南部发展,总体表现左旋走滑性质。断裂带有山西断陷盆地带等几条北东向活动构造带与之交汇,形成北西和北东向两组断裂相互交切的构造组合,出现５个复杂的构造交接段。６级以上强震和大多数中小地震群集于这些地段,其中北西和北东向断裂都可能发生地震,显示共轭破裂错动特征,但北东向断裂发生的地震强度较大。张北－尚义６．２级地震发生于断裂带与山西断陷盆地带交接段的西缘,是断裂带向西北扩展的结果 相似文献
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福建省现代地壳垂直运动与断裂活动 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
根据福建省境内１９７２年以来两次精密水准复测资料,利用速率面拟合法研究福建省现今地壳垂直运动的特征,并结合本区地质构造和地震活动性探讨这种运动的地球物理意义。资料分析表明,本区内新华夏系构造带是强震活动的主要场所,强震活动地点则又受到与这些新华夏系构造交汇的次一级的东西向构造、北西向构造和环状构造活动的制约;在主要构造断块的交接带上则表现为较显著的地壳垂直运动的差异性,差异活动较强烈的地区与本区地 相似文献
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西藏崩错地区是青藏高原构造复杂而典型的地区,崩错断层带及其附近近南北向断层带近于垂直,地震资料和GPS资料都反映出本地区有较强烈的构造活动性。通过对地貌特征和构造活动性综合分析,得出崩错断层带形成晚于谷露断层带,进而对整个青藏高原地区的近东西向构造与近南北向构造关系做了初步探讨。 相似文献
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逆冲构造带的分段性研究是评价该类发震构造地震危险性的基础工作。荥经-马边-盐津逆冲构造带是青藏高原东南边缘重要的NW向强震构造带,该构造带以逆冲错动为主要活动形式,其组合形式与逆冲强度存在南北差异。通过NE向横向断裂的构造地貌分析,发现横向断裂以右旋走滑活动为主,兼有倾滑活动。根据其与纵向断裂的交接关系,将横向断裂概括为横向分割断裂、横向撕裂断裂和横向转换断裂3种类型,讨论了3类横向断裂在逆冲构造带分段中所起的不同作用,进而将荥经-马边-盐津逆冲构造带分为独立的3段,并分析了各段的地震活动特征。研究表明,荥经-马边-盐津逆冲构造带以横向断裂为标志的3分段特点,既体现了段与段之间断裂活动强度、地震破裂强度与步调的差异,又体现了段内地震破裂步调的一致性,表明横向断裂在一定程度上控制了逆冲构造带的破裂分段,只是横向断裂的类型不同,其所起的作用也不同 相似文献
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利用层析成像的结果探讨安徽及邻区中强地震深部构造背景 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
利用层析成像的最新成果,对研究区(28°～39°N,112°～124°E)的中强地震深部构造环境进行了研究,结果表明:(1)研究区中强震位置、地表地质构造和活动构造单元的划分与上地壳速度结构之间存在一定的关联性。M≥6.0地震大多数分布在上地壳高速区与低速区的交接地带或高速区,低速区内的地震活动相对较少;分布在高速区的地震,主要活动在高速区内的速度变异地带。华北平原断块的边界带及其内部是研究区内主要的中强地震活动场所,该断块西、北部的裂陷盆地带在上地壳以间断的大片低速区为特征,在与高速区的交接地带,中强地震呈带状活动,并有活动断裂带的发育。北西向展布的周口-合肥-宣城低速条带分隔大别山、鲁西-安徽高速区,北侧与高速区的交接地带中强地震活动较为活跃,可能是华北、华南两大构造区在深部构造和现代活动构造上的一条重要分界线。(2)霍山-六安地区历史中强地震和近代小震活动频繁与东大别山中部在中地壳发育低速层及存在切穿地壳的两组深断裂有关。(3)安徽的中强地震活动在深部构造上分区特征明显,依据历史地震活动重演和发震构造条件(深部)类比的原则,对安徽未来存在发生5级左右地震的危险区进行了初步判定。 相似文献
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"燕山运动"年代和燕山构造带侏罗纪的构造性质仍存在着争论.燕山山间盆地沉积地层记录了燕山运动的活动历史及盆地构造性质,开展盆-山系统同构造沉积及其构造控制关系研究,准确确定地层年代,重新建立年代地层格架是进一步揭示燕山侏罗纪至早白垩世构造变形机制、变形年代的有效途径.本文通过对燕山西段与太行山北段交接部位的冀北张家口地区褶皱-逆冲带与山间沉积盆地的构造和沉积结合研究表明,研究区沉积盆地中发育的所谓"侏罗纪地层"可能为晚三叠世-早侏罗世、中侏罗世和晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期地层;受生长褶皱-逆冲构造控制,在褶皱-逆冲带边缘形成褶皱前渊型、逆冲前渊型、断展褶皱型、断弯褶皱型及断弯褶皱与断展褶皱复合型生长地层;重建的由褶皱-逆冲带与挠曲盆地构成的晚三叠世-早侏罗世、中侏罗世、晚侏罗世和早白垩世早期的"源-汇"系统反映了燕山运动在研究区起始于中侏罗世;在晚侏罗世晚期-早白垩世早期至少发生了3次褶皱-逆冲事件,形成了基底卷入式褶皱-逆冲构造和小型山间挠曲盆地;基底卷入式褶皱-逆冲带与挠曲盆地"对"的自东向西迁移,可能受控于西太平洋"平板式"前进俯冲作用. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
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