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1.
塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区碳酸盐岩油气地质特征与富集成藏研究 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8
塔里木盆地塔北隆起哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系由于现今构造位置低,埋深在6500~8000m,长期以来一直将其作为塔北隆起的一个次级凹陷单元,并认为是一个海相油气的生烃凹陷,制约了哈拉哈塘的油气勘探。本文通过对哈拉哈塘构造解析和沉降演化过程恢复,发现哈拉哈塘地区是从石炭纪才开始转为负向构造单元,加里东-早海西期,它属于轮南大型古潜山的西斜坡部位;奥陶系鹰山组-一间房组碳酸盐岩经历了多期岩溶的叠加改造,风化岩溶缝洞体储层发育。通过最新钻井资料及油气地球化学分析数据,证实哈拉哈塘奥陶系沉积时期不是生烃凹陷,不发育烃源岩,哈拉哈塘及其以北地区的油气是来自南部满西地区的中、上奥陶统烃源岩。油气藏解剖表明,哈拉哈塘地区在晚海西期成藏;三叠系沉积前北部构造抬升,导致奥陶系油藏遭受局部破坏和降解。自三叠纪沉积以来,奥陶系油藏一直处于持续深埋过程,盖层不断加厚,油藏基本保持了晚海西期成藏时的形态,因此,哈拉哈塘地区是一个古老的油气系统。油气成藏条件分析表明,哈拉哈塘地区油气成藏条件优越,生储盖条件配置良好,奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶储层广泛分布,并处在油气向古隆起高部位运移的有利路径上,具有大面积、准层状富集油气的特征。 相似文献
2.
中国海相油气多期充注与成藏聚集模式研究——以塔里木盆地轮古东地区为例 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
中国海相盆地经历了早古生代末(加里东期)、晚古生代-早中生代(海西期)和晚新生代(喜山期)三期重大构造变动,深刻影响了海相油气生成、运移与聚集,使得油气分布规律变得非常复杂。中国海相盆地一般发育多套烃源岩,由于它们发育的时代和位置多不相同,生、排烃时间往往不同步,存在多源多期充注的特点。因此,多期油气成藏是海相盆地的一个重要特点。多期成藏是在多期构造运动的影响下,多套烃源层多期成熟排烃的结果。塔里木盆地塔北隆起轮古东地区是一个典型的多期充注型油气藏,目前已确定的主要成藏期包括晚加里东期、晚海西期和晚喜马拉雅期三期。轮古东碳酸盐岩非均质储层形成的缝洞圈闭体系,形成早,后期构造作用使圈闭没有发生大的变化,因此保留了这三期充注的油气;油气地球化学分析资料进一步证实了这三次油气充注成藏过程。通过地质分析,再现了油气充注成藏过程,建立了海相油气多期充注与成藏聚集模式。 相似文献
3.
准噶尔盆地西北缘南部红车断裂带- 车排子凸起油气藏众多,原油物理化学性质和地球化学特征十分复杂,原油类型及其来源长期存在很大争议。本文在准噶尔盆地不同时代烃源岩生成原油典型地球化学特征与主要油源判识指标归纳总结的基础上,对红车断裂带- 车排子凸起原油地球化学特征和来源进行系统分析研究,将该区域原油分为五类,其中三类原油分别来源于二叠系湖相烃源岩、中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩、古近系安集海河组湖相烃源岩,另外两类为混合原油,分别为来源于二叠系湖相烃源岩的生物降解稠油与中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩生成的正常原油和古近系湖相烃源岩生成的正常原油的混合原油。红车断裂带石炭系—白垩系油藏原油主要来源于沙湾凹陷二叠系湖相烃源岩,车排子凸起东北部春风油田稠油来源于沙湾凹陷二叠系湖相烃源岩;车排子凸起东侧- 红车断裂带西侧新近系沙湾组油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷古近系湖相烃源岩;车排子凸起中部春光油田白垩系—古近系油藏稠油为二叠系来源稠油和侏罗系正常原油的混合原油,新近系沙湾组油藏稠油为二叠系来源稠油与新近系正常原油的混合原油;车排子凸起西部石炭系—古近系油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷中—下侏罗统煤系烃源岩,而新近系沙湾组油藏轻质原油来源于四棵树凹陷古近系湖相烃源岩。本文对准噶尔盆地西北缘南部地区油气藏成藏研究及区域油气勘探决策具有重要参考作用。 相似文献
4.
准噶尔盆地白家海凸起北临东道海子凹陷,南靠阜康凹陷,东接五彩湾凹陷,是油气聚集的有利指向区。通过对比研究区周缘生烃凹陷的烃源岩和原油地球化学特征,并结合流体包裹体分析和盆地模拟技术,对白家海凸起二叠系、三叠系油气的来源、成藏期次以及成藏模式进行了探讨。结果表明白家海凸起二叠系、三叠系油气主要来自于北部的东道海子凹陷二叠系平地泉组烃源岩。油气发生过两期充注:第一期从白垩纪早期持续到白垩纪末期,第二期从白垩纪末期持续到第四纪,为油气充注高峰期。综合研究区构造特征和油气成藏过程,建立了二叠系和三叠系近源充注、断裂高效输导、先油后气充注、晚期调整成藏的油气成藏模式。 相似文献
5.
目前普遍认为琼东南盆地天然气来源于渐新统和中新统海相煤型烃源岩,对于始新统偏Ⅰ型干酪根烃源岩的存在尚不明确,因此确定始新统烃源岩生烃可能性及其分布将为下一步勘探提供重要依据.琼东南盆地东部45块样品的流体包裹体系统测试分析以及天然气和轻烃地球化学特征分析结果表明,盆地东部气藏以油型气及油型-煤型混合气为特征,至少有4期天然气充注,其中第1期天然气充注与始新统烃源岩生排烃有关.由此认为,琼东南盆地东部可能发育始新统偏Ⅰ型干酪根烃源岩,主要分布于松南-宝岛-长昌凹陷以及北礁凹陷. 相似文献
6.
《地质科技情报》2020,(3)
近年来,东海盆地西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带武云亭构造油气勘探获得了较好的商业发现,但已钻探的A井与B井流体性质差异较大,A井为气井、B井为油井。通过生物标志化合物对比、碳同位素分析及流体包裹体分析,对武云亭构造油气来源、充注期次及成藏模式进行了分析,结果表明武云亭构造油为正常成熟原油,主要来源于本地宁波19洼平湖组煤系烃源岩;天然气有两种,一种为高成熟天然气,主要来源于东侧主洼宁波27洼平湖组烃源岩,另一种为正常成熟天然气,主要来源于本地次洼宁波19洼烃源岩。包裹体荧光呈现为淡黄色油气包裹体和无色气包裹体,均一温度表明武云亭构造主要经历两期油气充注,时间为2 Ma和现今。武云亭构造油气来源丰富,成藏过程复杂,基于油气来源及成藏特征划分为"双源侧向晚期次生型"和"单源垂向晚期原生型"两种成藏模式。 相似文献
7.
满东1气藏的发现是塔里木盆地东部地区油气勘探获得新突破的重要标志。本文充分利用目前所获得的大量地质和地球化学资料,从天然气的组份特征、成因类型、成熟度和气源对比等方面对该井天然气的成因进行了分析,认为满东1井天然气属于海相腐泥型天然气,来源于寒武系-下奥陶统海相过成熟烃源岩,烃类气体组成具有油裂解气的特征。海相泥质烃源岩中氨基粘土矿物在过成熟阶段分解并氧化,形成大量的氮气,导致满东1气藏高含氮气。包裹体和埋藏史研究结果表明满东1气藏成藏过程复杂,主要成藏期为燕山喜马拉雅期。 相似文献
8.
东濮凹陷濮卫洼陷油气成藏期分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综合利用断裂和圈闭发育史、油藏饱和压力、烃源岩主生排烃期、储层流体包裹体均一温度等方法对东濮凹陷濮卫洼陷油气成藏期进行了分析,并提出对于存在剥蚀厚度比较大的地区在利用饱和压力方法计算成藏期时应结合埋藏史。研究认为,该区主要为两期成藏,分别为古近纪末期和新近纪末期—第四纪,且东西两侧油气成藏期存在差异,东侧濮城地区两期成藏,在古近纪末期和新近纪末期—第四纪均发生油气充注成藏,而西侧卫城地区仅在古近纪末期存在油气充注成藏,为一期成藏。 相似文献
9.
准噶尔盆地排2井区油气成藏机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
史建南 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2007,37(3):531-534
综合利用地质、地球物理、油气/油藏地球化学及盆地模拟领域中先进的技术与研究方法,以盆地演化和流体输导格架为成藏背景,从有效烃源岩出发,以能量场演化及其控制的化学动力学、流体动力学和运动学过程为核心,探讨了准噶尔盆地排2井区油气藏的成藏机理。精细油源对比表明,南部四棵树凹陷侏罗系含煤源岩为本区油气的主要母源。喜山期新构造运动对本区油气的生成、运移、聚集成藏等地质作用意义重大,决定了排2井区油气藏晚期浅层长距离快速充注的成藏模式。 相似文献
10.
对黔南坳陷典型古油藏、残余油气藏的精细解剖对南方海相碳酸盐岩层系油气勘探研究具有重要意义。本文运用碳同位素、饱和烃色谱、饱和烃色质及芳烃色质等技术,对黔东南地区二叠系—寒武系油苗与固体沥青进行了地球化学特征研究和油源分析。研究表明,凯里地区虎庄47井原油、洛棉志留系砂岩油苗和麻江地区奥陶系红花园组固体沥青三者同源,主要来自下寒武统牛蹄塘组的优质烃源岩。而麻江地区早二叠世茅口组油苗与虎庄47井原油明显不同,主要源于下二叠统栖霞组的优质烃源岩。 相似文献
11.
The Halahatang Depression in the Tabei Uplift of the Tarim basin is an active exploration area because it has substantial reservoir potential and contains or is near to many commercial oil fields. Geochemical analysis indicates that Halahatang oils were derived from marine carbonate source rocks deposited under anoxic reducing conditions. The maturities for Halahatang oils are corresponding to the peak of the oil window and slightly higher than the neighboring Tahe oils. The Halahatang oils feature low Pr/Ph, C21/C23 tricyclic terpane and, C28/C29 sterane ratios, high C29/C30 hopane and C35/C34 hopane ratios, a “V” shape in the distribution of C27–C28–C29 steranes and light carbon isotope ratios, similar to the Tahe oils and correlate well with the Middle-Upper Ordovician source rock. However, some source-related biomarker parameters imply a more reducing source organofacies with more zooplanktonic contribution than that for the Tahe oils. 相似文献
12.
Carbon isotopic compositions were determined by GC–IRMS for individual n-alkanes in crude oils and the free, adsorbed and inclusion oils recovered by sequential extraction from reservoir rocks in the Tazhong Uplift and Tahe oilfield in the Tabei Uplift of Tarim Basin as well as extracts of the Cambrian–Ordovician source rocks in the basin. The variations of the δ13C values of individual n-alkanes among the 15 oils from the Tazhong Uplift and among the 15 oils from the Triassic and Carboniferous sandstone reservoirs and the 21 oils from the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe oilfield demonstrate that these marine oils are derived from two end member source rocks. The major proportion of these marine oils is derived from the type A source rocks with low δ13C values while a minor proportion is derived from the type B source rocks with high δ13C values. Type A source rocks are within either the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician or the Middle–Upper Ordovician strata (not drilled so far) while type B source rocks are within the Cambrian–Lower Ordovician strata, as found in boreholes TD2 and Fang 1. In addition, the three oils from the Cretaceous sandstone reservoirs in the Tahe oilfield with exceptionally high Pr/Ph ratio and δ13C values of individual n-alkanes are derived, or mainly derived, from the Triassic–Jurassic terrigenous source rocks located in Quka Depression.The difference of the δ13C values of individual n-alkanes among the free, adsorbed and inclusion oils in the reservoir rocks and corresponding crude oils reflects source variation during the reservoir filling process. In general, the initial oil charge is derived from the type B source rocks with high δ13C values while the later oil charge is derived from the type A source rocks with low δ13C values.The δ13C values of individual n-alkanes do not simply correlate with the biomarker parameters for the marine oils in the Tazhong Uplift and Tahe oilfield, suggesting that molecular parameters alone are not adequate for reliable oil-source correlation for high maturity oils with complex mixing. 相似文献
13.
14.
Liquid hydrocarbons have been detected in the subsurface as well as in the surface in the Sinú-San Jacinto Basin (northwestern Colombia). The origin of the oils has not been conclusively established especially in the southern part of the basin. The most likely source rocks in the basin are the Ciénaga de Oro Fm. of the Oligocene-Early Miocene and the Cansona Fm. of the Upper Cretaceous. In this study, oil samples, seeps and source rock extracts were analyzed by GC and GC/MS, and δ13C was determined to identify the source facies. The sulphur content and gravity data were also considered.Two organic facies were identified: one constituted by terrestrial organic matter deposited in siliciclastic sediments in marginal marine to deltaic environments and the other made up of marine organic matter deposited in marine costal shelf to pelagic environments. The oils from the former organic facies have low sulphur contents, whereas the oils from the latter facies have high sulphur levels. Correlation of the oil seeps from the former facies with the Ciénaga de Oro Fm. has not been clearly established. The oil seeps from the latter facies correlate well with the extracts from the source rocks of the Cansona Fm., deposited along the fold belt of San Jacinto (east side). The oil seeps are affected by moderate to severe biodegradation, whereas the oil from the only oil producing well in the Sinú Basin (Floresanto-6 well) has not undergone biodegradation. 相似文献
15.
PAUL Philp 《中国地球化学学报》2012,31(3):264-275
Based on the systematic analyses of fifteen typical crude oils and ten typical potential source rocks col-lected from the Qaidam,Tarim and Turpan basins,Northwest China,the geochemical characteristics of the oils and source rocks were investigated and oil-source rock correlations undertaken.The oils and source rocks deposited in saline lacustrine environment from the western Qaidam Basin were characterized by n-alkanes with even car-bon-number preference in the C20-C28 range,low pristane/phytane(Pr/Ph) ratios(less than 0.5),and high abundances of C27 steranes,gammacerane and C35 hopanes.The oils and source rocks deposited in marine environment from the Tarim Basin were characterized by n-alkanes with even carbon-number preference in the C14-C18 range,relatively low Pr/Ph ratios(near to 1),high abundance of C28 steranes,and relatively high gammacerane.In contrast,the oils and source rocks deposited in terrigenous bog environment from the Turpan Basin were characterized by relatively high Pr/Ph ratios(oil samples greater than 6) high abundance of C29 steranes,and relatively low gammacerane and C31-35 hopanes.The higher amounts of C37 and C38 n-alkanes of source rocks from the western Qaidam Basin and the Tarim Basin suggest an origin of these alkanes from functionalized C37 and C38 n-alkadienes and alkenones in prymnesiophytes living in lacustrine and marine environments.Oil-source rock correlations suggest oils in the west-ern Qaidam Basin were derived from the Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation(E3),oils in the Tabei and Tazhong uplifts from the Tarim Basin have a genetic relationship with the Middle-Upper Ordovician source beds.Oils in the Turpan Basin generally fall into two genetic types.Most oils in the Taibei depression from the Turpan Basin were derived from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal measures,but the fewer oils in this region are a mixed source derived from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal measure and the Upper Permian source rocks. 相似文献
16.
塔里木盆地北部奥陶系油气相态及其成因分析 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
塔里木盆地北部地区奥陶系是最重要的勘探层系,油气资源丰富;同时油气相态复杂多样,既有凝析气藏、正常油藏,也有稠油油藏、沥青等。通过对油气藏形成演化与保存过程的系统分析,结合油气地球化学和流体包裹体等分析数据,发现油气相态的多样性与油气多期次充注与次生蚀变作用有关。提出塔北隆起的东部奥陶系存在三期油气充注过程,分别发生在加里东运动晚期-海西早期、海西运动晚期、喜马拉雅运动晚期,原油主要来源于中、上奥陶统烃源岩,天然气主要来自与寒武系烃源岩有关的液态烃的裂解;塔北隆起的中西部奥陶系的油气充注主要发生在海西运动晚期。塔北奥陶系油藏形成以后,经历了三期明显的调整改造过程:海西早期构造抬升导致志留-泥盆系遭受剥蚀,东部源自寒武系油气的古油藏遭受破坏,形成沥青;三叠系沉积前的晚海西运动,使得奥陶系生源的油藏大范围遭受降解稠化;晚喜山期,来自于满加尔坳陷的天然气自东向西充注,致使隆起东部早期形成的油藏发生强烈的气侵改造,形成次生凝析气藏。而中西部奥陶系油藏在三叠系沉积前遭受降解稠化后,一直处于沉降深埋过程,油藏得到有效保存;由于成藏时间较早,轻质组分散失较多,气油比极低,油质较稠。研究认为,油气相态的多样性主要受晚海西期构造运动的抬升造成的生物降解作用和喜马拉雅晚期构造运动造成的天然气自东向西大规模充注对油藏进行气洗改造两大过程的控制。 相似文献
17.
Subtle traps or oil pools have become an important exploration play in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, east China. Despite recent successes in exploration, the formation mechanisms of subtle traps are still not well understood. The majority of subtle oil pools in the Dongying Depression are developed in the middle interval of the Es3 Member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation with the subtle traps being primarily of lenticular basin-floor turbidite sands encompassed in mudstones. Oil in the subtle traps was previously thought to have migrated directly from the surrounding source rocks of the same formation （Es3）. Detailed geochemical investigation of 41 oils and 41 rock samples from the depression now indicates that the oils from the subtle traps cannot be correlated well with the surrounding Es3 source rocks, which are characterized by high Pr/ Ph （〉1）, low Gammacerane/C30hopane, representing a freshwater lacustrine setting. In contrast the oils features low Pr/Ph （〈1） and relatively high Gammacerane content, showing a genetic affinity with the underlying Es4 source rocks, which also have the same qualities, indicating a brackish lacustrine setting. Oils in the Es3 subtle traps are probably derived from mixed sources with the contribution from the upper Es4 source rocks predominating. Therefore unconventional oil migration and accumulation mechanisms need to be invoked to explain the pooling of oils from the ES4 source rocks, which probably came through a thick low interval of the Es3 source rocks with no apparent structural or stratigraphic pathways. We suggest that the subtle oil migration pathway probably plays an important role here. This finding may have significant implications for future exploration and the remaining resource evaluation in the Dongying Depression. 相似文献
18.
松辽盆地南部长岭地区青山口组原油的地球化学特征及油源分析 总被引：4，自引：5，他引：4
松辽盆地南部长岭地区中、新生界地层中有登娄库组、营城—火石岭组、青山口组、嫩江组 4套主要烃源层 ,目前已在长岭地区北部及东部地区的青山口组中发现了工业性的油气层或含油气显示。分析了主要烃源层的分布特征和地球化学条件 ,并系统地剖析了青山口组原油的地球化学特征。结果表明 ,青山口组存在两类地球化学特征不同的原油 (Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类 ) ,其中Ⅰ类原油主要分布在大情字井的青二段—青三段的中部 ,Ⅱ类原油主要分布在大情字井的青二段—青三段的上部及大老爷府—双坨子构造中。通过油源对比分析表明 ,Ⅰ类原油主要来源于青山口组的中部 (青二段、青三段 ) ,并与储层互层的烃源岩。Ⅱ类原油与青山口组下部的青一段烃源岩有很好的对应关系 ,推测其油源主要为这套烃源岩 ,其次可能是下白垩统烃源岩 ,嫩江组烃源岩的贡献不大。 相似文献
19.
Some Ordovician and Triassic oils in Block 9 are characterized by light oils,which have distinctly differentiated from heavy oils in other blocks in the Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin.Based on the whole oil gas chroma- tograms,this paper estimates the effect of oil migration and fractionation and the amount of depletion(Q)in terms of the n-alkanes depletion model.The results showed that the amount of depletion in the Ordovician reservoir is highest in the east of this block,e.g.the depletion is 97% in Well T904.The amount of Q gets lower to the west,e.g.the depletion is 53.4%in Well T115 and there is no sign of depletion in Well S69.It is suggested that the direction of gas washing is from the east to the west.The compositions and isotopic characteristics of associated gas in Ordovician oils indicated that the gas might be derived from Cambrian source rocks of the Caohu Depression which lies to the east of Block 9.In contrast,no obvious depletion of n-alkanes in Triassic oils was found,suggesting that the migration pathway of natural gas has been limited to the Ordovician karst fracture system formed in the Early Hercynian Orogeny.Different depletions of the Ordovician and Triassic oils can reveal fault activities in this region. 相似文献