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1.
The Phanerozoic granitoid rocks include the Caledonian,Indosinian and Yenshanian granitoid rocks.The existence of Caledonian and Indosinian granites was evidenced by zircon U-Pb ages,The study of the characteristics of major,trace and rare-earth elements,isotopic composition and petrogenesis for the granitoid rocks has been made,The Caledonian and Indosinian granites were derived from partial melting of the Proterozoic basement rocks and the two tectonic activities were weak,The Yenshanian grantoid rocks were derived from mixing of mantle and crustal materials,It implies that the crustal accretion took place in Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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华南与燕山期花岗岩有关的稀土、稀有、有色金属矿床成矿系列 总被引：19，自引：4，他引：19
本文所述及的地区在地质构造上属黄汲清先生所划分的华南加里东褶皱带的范围。该区在下古生代时期为冒地槽,志留纪时发生加里东运动,褶皱隆起,结束了地槽阶段。加里东运动之后,此区仍不断经受构造运动,成为比较典型的构造活化区。主要表现为:在海西时期一些地带强烈断陷,堆积了巨厚的沉积物,如湘南、河池—南丹等地区;印支—燕山时 相似文献
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Caledonian gold deposits are widely distributed in South China.They are developed in both South China Caledonian fold belt and adjacent Proterozoic Jiangnan uplift.The host rocks are Proterozoic metamorphosed microclastic rocks in the Jiangnan uplift and Proterozoic and Cambrian strata,as well as Chengjiang and Caledonian igneous bodies in the South China flod belt.The distince differences between the Caledonian and the most developed Yenshanian glod deposits in South China are reflected in age and host-rock type,relations to Yenshanian magmatic activities,element association,mineral assemblage and glod deposit type.The studies have proven hat the Caledonian epoch is a principal metallogenic period of gold deposits in South China.This conclusion is of very important enlightening significance in exploration of Caledonian gold deposits in South China as well as in other Caledonian fold belts and adjacent uplifts in China. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):289-320
The paper is the preliminary draft of an explanatory text to a tectonic map of China, scale 1:3, 000, 000, in preparation as of September 1961. The stratigraphy and igneous and tectonic history of the principal structural units and provinces of China are summarized. The orogenic cycles which affected China include pre-Sinian, Caledonian, Variscan, Indo-Sinian, Yenshanian, and Himalayan. Polycyclicity of tectonic activity and a mechanism of continuous crustal stress with periods of more active deformation characterize the tectonic history of China. The Chinese equivalents of such Russian terms as "anteclise" and "syneclise" are explained and illustrated, as well as the differences between the paraplatforms and parageosynclines of China and orthoplatforms and orthogeos ynclines . - -W. D. Lowry. 相似文献
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华南地区新元古代花岗岩铀成矿机制——以摩天岭花岗岩为例 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
华南是我国重要的花岗岩型铀成矿区,印支期-燕山期花岗岩是最主要的产铀花岗岩。广西北部形成于新元古代的摩天岭岩体是我国目前已知的最古老的产铀花岗岩体之一。前人对华南印支-燕山期花岗岩的铀成矿作用研究较深入,但对以摩天岭岩体为代表的新元古代古老花岗岩的铀成矿作用研究程度较低。本文以摩天岭花岗岩体为对象,进行了岩石学、地球化学、年代学及其铀矿成矿特征和规律的深入研究,取得以下认识:1)摩天岭岩体规模巨大,相带分布明显,内部相带和过渡相带发育,岩性主要为黑云母花岗岩、二云母花岗岩和含电气石二云母花岗岩,花岗岩体具有富硅富碱、铝过饱和、钾大于钠的特点,属S型花岗岩; 2)摩天岭岩体形成于850～760Ma之间的新元古代; 3)摩天岭岩体铀成矿潜力巨大,铀矿化以铀-绿泥石型和铀-硅化带型为主,铀-绿泥石型的代表矿床——达亮矿床形成于360～401Ma,是加里东期区域变质及构造活动共同作用的结果;铀-硅化带型铀矿的代表——新村铀矿形成于47Ma,是喜马拉雅期伸展构造作用下构造-热液活动共同作用的结果; 4)摩天岭岩体中铀矿床的铀源来自于元古界四堡群、丹州群和摩天岭岩体本身;成矿流体主要来源于大气降水,同时有深部流体的参与;热源主要与加里东期区域变质作用和喜马拉雅期伸展背景下的构造作用关系密切; 5)摩天岭岩体铀成矿经过了新元古代铀预富集、加里东晚期到海西早期的区域变质-构造热液成矿作用、喜马拉雅期的构造热液成矿作用等几个阶段,形成了类型丰富、规模较大的铀矿床,铀找矿潜力巨大。 相似文献
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上海地区地质构造特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
上海地处扬子准地台的东北端。前晋宁旋回和晋宁旋回属地槽发展阶段,由变质岩系组成地台的褶皱基底。加里东旋回为准地台发展阶段,构造层发育齐全,为海相、浅海相连续沉积。印支运动结束了本区长期海侵的历史,开创了滨太平洋大陆边缘活动的新纪元。燕山旋回构造变动、岩浆活动十分活跃。喜马拉雅旋回地壳振荡运动频繁。 相似文献
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海南岛几个重大基础地质问题的探讨 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
海南岛有无泥盆纪地层？有无加里东运动？有无加里东期花岗岩？历来是大家关注和争论的焦点问题。在１：５万昌江县幅和邦溪幅地质调查研究中,笔者对上述问题进行了探讨,并取得了一些重要进展：首次在海南岛发现珊瑚化石Ｃｙｓｔｏｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ ｋａｌａｏｈｏｅｎｓｉｓ Ｙｕ,结合旋回地层学研究主为,在昌江县鸡心－鸡实一带南好组（Ｃ１ｎ）中下部可能存在中晚泥盆世地层;首次发现并圈定了加里东期花岗岩体,时代为３６ 相似文献
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塔里木盆地断裂构造分期差异活动及其变形机理 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6
本文的目的是探讨塔里木盆地断裂构造分期差异活动过程及其变形机理.在地震剖面解释、钻井资料和地质资料综合分析的基础上,通过编制塔里木盆地不同时期断裂系统图,提出控制塔里木盆地断裂构造形成和演化主要构造活动期次为:加里东早期、加里东中期、加里东晚期-海西早期、海西晚期、印支期、燕山期和喜马拉雅期.加里东早期断裂活动受伸展环境制约,沿先存基底断裂带形成张性正断层.加里东中期、加里东晚期-海西早期断裂活动以逆冲作用为主,在塔东、塔中、塘古巴斯、巴楚和麦盖提地区最为发育.海西晚期断裂活动也是以逆冲作用为特征,并从早期断裂强烈活动的塔中、塘古巴斯、玛东等地区,迁移到塔北隆起和东部地区.印支、燕山和喜马拉雅期,前陆地区断裂构造发育,形成叠瓦冲断带、褶皱-冲断带、双重构造、盐相关构造等;但在盆内稳定区,断裂构造不发育,活动性弱.古生代断裂构造发育分布的控制机理,主要与区域大地构造环境的变化和构造转换、先存基底断裂带、大型区域性不整合、滑脱带等要素密切相关.区域大地构造环境的变化和构造转换主要受控于塔里木周缘洋盆的伸展裂解、俯冲消减和洋盆闭合的时限和强度.先存基底断裂带或基底构造软弱带往往控制着后期断裂的发育位置和展布方向.大型区域性不整合和滑脱带控制着断裂构造的发育和分布层位.中、新生代断裂构造发育分布的控制机理,与区域大地构造环境及其构造转换、区域构造位置有关.中、新生代塔里木断裂构造主要分为三种环境,即前陆构造环境、盆内稳定区构造环境和隆升剥蚀区构造环境.盆内稳定区断裂构造不发育,活动性较弱.中、新生代断裂构造主体发育在前陆构造环境中,主要受控于周缘造山带强烈隆升、挤压冲断、走滑-逆冲或逆冲-走滑作用,同时与喜马拉雅晚期盆-山耦合作用及滑脱层的发育有关. 相似文献
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LI Dewei 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(1):105-134
The intraplate uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau took place on the basis of breakup and assembly of the Precambrian supercontinent, and southward ocean-continent transition of the Proto-, Paleo-, Meso-and Neo-Tethys during the Caledonian, Indosinian, Yanshanian and Early Himalayan movements. The intraplate tectonic evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau underwent the early stage of intraplate orogeny characterized by migrational tectonic uplift, horizontal movement and geological processes during 180-7 Ma, and the late stage of isostatic mountain building characterized by pulsative rapid uplift, vertical movement and geographical processes since 3.6 Ma. The spatial-temporal evolution of the intraplate orogeny within the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau shows a regular transition from the northern part through the central part to the southern part during 180-120 Ma, 65-35 Ma, and 25-7 Ma respectively, with extensive intraplate faulting, folding, block movement, magmatism and metallogenesis. Simultaneous intraplate orogeny and basin formation resulted from crustal rheological stratification and basin-orogen coupling that was induced by lateral viscous flow in the lower crust. This continental dynamic process was controlled by lateral flow of hot and soft materials within the lower crust because of slab dehydration and melted mantle upwelling above the subducted plates during the southward Tethyan ocean-continent transition processes or asthenosphere diapirism. Intraplate orogeny and basin formation were irrelevant to plate collision. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a whole was actually formed by the isostatic mountain building processes since 3.6 Ma that were characterized by crust-scale vertical movement, and integral rapid uplift of the plateau, accompanied by isostatic subsidence of peripheral basins and depressions, and great changes in topography and environment. A series of pulsative mountain building events, associated with gravity equilibrium and isostatic adjustment of crustal materials, at 3.6 Ma, 2.5 Ma, 1.8-1.2 Ma, 0.9-0.8 Ma and 0.15-0.12 Ma led to the formation of a composite orogenic belt by unifying the originally relatively independent Himalayas, Gangdisê, Tanghla, Longmenshan, Kunlun, Altyn Tagh, and Qilian mountains, and the formation of the complete Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with a unified mountain root after Miocene uplift of the plateau as a whole. 相似文献
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藏东缘昌都大型复合盆地喜马拉雅期陆内造山与成矿作用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
研究藏东缘大型复合盆地喜山期陆内造山与成矿作用的目的,在于建立横断山型陆内碰撞造山构造模式、成岩成矿模式。根据地层接触关系、构造变形特征、矿床分布规律的研究,证实盖层褶皱推覆运动发生在早喜马拉雅期;盆地内的推覆(滑覆)构造圈闭、走滑断裂构造圈闭、走滑推覆脆-韧性剪切带圈闭、与造山带走向近直交的横向构造圈闭是主要的成岩、成矿空间。通过横断山型陆内造山动力学和喜山期成矿作用研究,分别建立了“横断山型”陆内碰撞造山模式和藏东缘大型复合盆地的成岩成矿模式。 相似文献
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笔者在1∶5万区域地质调查的基础上,对塔尔气地区发育的构造形迹进行了较为详细的研究。结果表明:塔尔气地区可划分五个构造层,分别是兴凯期构造层、早加里东期构造层、海西期构造层、燕山期构造层和喜山期构造层。根据构造形迹中面状构造、线状构造及组合特征以及其所显示的动力学标志,对各构造层的局部应力场进行了恢复。其中,兴凯期早期为NE—SW挤压(左行)剪切作用,后期为近SN向挤压;早加里东期应力作用方式应为NW—SE向挤压为主;海西期主要为近SN向挤压作用;燕山期同样为近SN向挤压作用;而喜山期则表现为大规模的差异性升降运动。 相似文献
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在地震剖面地质构造解释的基础上,深入分析了塔里木盆地断裂系统在中央隆起带的形成演化及塔里木海相克拉通盆地演化过程中的作用.研究表明,塔里木盆地中央隆起带主要发育中加里东I幕(早奥陶世末)、II幕(晚奥陶世末)和喜马拉雅运动中晚期(中新世末以来)共3期大规模断裂系统.这些断裂系统的活动控制了中央隆起带构造演化过程和隆坳格局的变迁,其中巴楚隆起经历了加里东中晚期隆后斜坡和海西-燕山期前隆,至喜马拉雅运动中晚期最终定型为挤压断隆.塔中隆起形成于中加里东I幕构造运动,至中加里东II幕构造运动定型,而塔东隆起则形成于中加里东II幕构造运动并基本定型;将塔里木古生代海相克拉通盆地的演化过程划分为海相克拉通盆地的形成、解体和消亡(即陆内前陆和挤压坳陷形成)3个演化阶段,认为中加里东两期断裂系统的形成是塔里木海相克拉通解体的重要原因. 相似文献
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塔中顺托果勒地区经历了多期构造活动,使顺10和顺9井区油气成藏过程具有一定的差异性.前人采用多种技术方法对研究区志留系成藏时期进行了深入研究,但尚未达成共识.以储层成岩作用和成岩序次分析为基础,采用显微红外光谱、显微荧光、冷阴极光等手段,对储层沥青、原油和单个油包裹体进行了系统分析,并结合埋藏史投影法确定了研究区志留系柯坪塔格组顺10和顺9井区等油气充注序次和成藏时间.结果表明,顺9井区存在3期油和1期天然气充注,加里东晚期（419.6~398.1 Ma）、海西晚期（271.5~224.0 Ma）和喜山期（11.4~1.1 Ma）;顺10井区可能只存在加里东晚期（419.6~408.4 Ma）和海西晚期（271.6~236.8 Ma）油充注,缺乏晚期油气充注.顺9井区3D地震剖面层位和断裂解释显示,塔中北坡NE向走滑断裂是志留系油气运移的重要输导体系,并控制了柯坪塔格组晚期油气充注,决定了该区工业油流.因此,塔中北坡志留系油气勘探的关键是寻找喜山期充注的油气藏. 相似文献
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哈拉哈塘地区是近年塔里木盆地油气增储上产最重要的地区,开展该区构造演化研究对油气勘探开发具有重要的意义。本文利用哈拉哈塘地区新采集的三维地震资料和钻井资料,通过不整合面分析和平衡剖面恢复技术对研究区构造演化进行了分析,通过地震层拉平恢复了关键目的层中-下奥陶统碳酸盐岩顶面在不同时期的古构造形态。在此基础上,探讨了研究区构造演化对油气藏的控制作用。结果表明：哈拉哈塘地区经历6 个构造演化阶段：早加里东期稳定碳酸盐岩台地阶段、中-晚加里东期南倾斜坡、早海西期西倾斜坡、晚海西-印支期被动凹陷期、燕山-早喜山期稳定沉降期、晚喜山期-现今构造反转定型期。哈拉哈塘地区中-下奥陶统碳酸盐岩顶面从中加里东期开始,长期保持北高南低的斜坡形态,整体构造格局变化不大,只是构造轴线方向、构造高点稍有变化。晚喜山期以来,研究区发生构造反转,中-下奥陶统碳酸盐岩顶面成为西倾鼻状构造。哈拉哈塘地区构造演化控制了奥陶系岩溶储层的发育与油气的富集。中-晚加里东期古构造控制了奥陶系岩溶储层的发育,晚海西期古构造高部位与现今构造高部位叠合区控制了油气富集。 相似文献
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Gold deposits in intrusive masses include the veinlet dissemination,quartz vein and veinlet dissemination vein types,They are distributed in fracture zones along the endocontact zone of a batholith or in the centre and edge of a stock.The metallogenic epochs are Yenshanian,Hercynian,Archean,Proterozoic and Himalayan,The gold deposits are characterized by a big difference in time span between gold mineralization and the formation of host masses Ore-forming materials were derived from the masses and auriferous strata and ore-forming fluids came from meteoric and formation waters.When circulating water was heated by ascending heat flow,gold would be extracted,concentrated and transported from auriferous rocks and then precipitated in the masses during the late tectonic movement,Finally gold deposits were formed in the intrusive masses. 相似文献
17.
文章中所述范围囊括于西藏1∶25万措勤区幅内,处于雅鲁藏布江基性-超基性岩带—念青唐古拉岛弧岩浆带内。岩浆活动频繁,从侏罗纪到第四纪均有不同程度的岩浆活动。岩浆侵入活动主要发生在燕山期和喜马拉雅期,以中酸性岩占绝对优势,基性-超基性岩次之。区内基性-超基性岩属昂仁蛇绿岩的组成部分(以下称安巴蛇绿岩),此套岩类主要形成于洋脊,并具有向洋岛过渡的构造环境。其形成时代为晚白垩世早期。 相似文献
18.
Yao-Hui Jiang Shao-Yong Jiang Hong-Fei Ling Xun-Ruo Zhou Xing-Jian Rui Wan-Zhi Yang 《Lithos》2002,63(3-4):165-187
A series of granitoids from Proterozoic to Cenozoic age occurred in the western Kunlun orogenic belt, Xinjiang, northwestern China. Several intrusions such as the West Datong (Middle Caledonian age), North Kuda (Late Caledonian age) and Kuzigan, Karibasheng, Zankan (Himalayan age) plutons have shoshonitic affinity. Their rock assemblages include (quartz) monzodiorite–(quartz) monzonite–quartz syenite (Middle Caledonian) or monzonitic granite–granite (Late Caledonian) or biotite (monzonitic) granite–diopside granite–diopside syenite (Himalayan). Generally, biotite is iron–phlogopite, with some eastonite and high Mg/(Mg+FeT) and Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio. Amphibole is mainly edenitic hornblende and magnesian hastingsitic hornblende, with some edenite and higher Mg/(Mg+FeT) and Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio. The rocks show SiO2 contents of 52.77–71.85% and high K2O+Na2O (mostly >8%, average 9.14%), K2O/Na2O (mostly >1, average 1.50) and Fe2O3/FeO (0.85–1.51, average 1.01) and low TiO2 contents (0.15–1.12%, average 0.57%). Al2O3 contents (13.01–19.20%) are high but variable. The granitoids are prominently enriched in LILE, LREE and volatiles such as F. However, the studied shoshonitic granitoids among the three intrusive periods also show differences in isotopic compositions and trace element concentrations, suggesting their different geneses: the origin of the West Datong pluton is probably related to the involvement of subducted oceanic crust sediments into the mantle source; the North Kuda and Himalayan plutons could have been generated by partial melting of subducted oceanic crust sediments or metasediments of thickened continental lower crust in the process of late-orogenic slab break-off or lithospheric thinning. 相似文献
19.
塔里木盆地塔中礁滩体大油气田成藏条件与成藏机制研究 总被引：4，自引：6，他引：4
中国海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探近年来进展很快,发现了一批大型油气田。塔中地区是塔里木盆地的重点勘探区和富油气区,奥陶系蕴藏了丰富的油气资源。奥陶系良里塔格组受塔中I号坡折带的控制发育陆棚边缘礁滩体,储层性质为低孔-特低孔、低渗灰岩储层,埋深在4500~6500m。储层的形成和分布受早期高能沉积相带、溶蚀作用和断裂作用等因素的控制,有效储层的空间展布控制了油气的分布与大面积成藏。油源对比认为,塔中良里塔格组礁滩体油气藏的原油主要来自于中上奥陶统烃源岩,并混有寒武系烃源岩成因的原油;天然气主要来自于寒武系油裂解气,沿塔中I号坡折带断裂向内充注。成藏过程分析表明,塔中地区曾存在三期主要成藏期,第一期为加里东晚期成藏,油气来自于寒武系-下奥陶统烃源岩,但早海西期的构造运动,对该期油气破坏严重,造成大范围油藏破坏。第二期成藏期是晚海西期,也是塔中地区最重要的油气充成藏期,油气来自于中上奥陶统烃源岩。第三期成藏期是晚喜山期,受库车前陆冲断影响,台盆区快速沉降,埋深急速增大,寒武系原油裂解气形成,沿深部断裂向浅部奥陶系充注,对油藏进行气洗改造,从而形成大面积分布的凝析气藏。 相似文献
20.
深部热流体活动与碳酸盐岩储层改造及油气成藏具有密切的关系.通过对塔里木盆地古城墟隆起奥陶系的11块样品的成岩观测和流体包裹体系统分析, 识别出3期古流体活动.结合埋藏史, 确定这3期流体活动的发生时间分别为: 第1期以第1世代高角度裂缝及网状裂缝充填方解石为代表, 推测与加里东晚期构造运动有关; 第2期为构造-热液白云岩化流体, 可能与塔里木盆地经历二叠纪末大规模的火山活动有关; 第3期以充填于孔、缝中央的晚期方解石为代表, 记录了晚期天然气充注事件, 发生于喜山期.第1期流体活动伴随的构造运动导致了早期充注的油气沥青化; 第2期流体活动对该区域的储层有建设性改造作用, 所形成的鹰山组内幕储层成为了区内重要的勘探目的层; 第3期流体活动记录了晚期天然气充注事件.因此, 工区应以寻找喜山晚期天然气藏为主要勘探目标. 相似文献