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台湾花莲碧玉因其浓厚的颜色以及较细腻的结构和特殊光学效应受到广大消费者的喜爱.本文运用常规仪器、电子探针等测试手段研究台湾花莲碧玉宝石矿物学特征.通过科学全面系统的研究与前人资料对比可得,碧玉样品的颜色主要为淡绿-深绿色,颜色较为纯净,分布不均匀.内部可见黑色金属矿物杂质.具油脂-丝绢光泽,微透明-不透明,折射率为1.61,相对密度2.96～3.02 g/cm3,硬度为6～7.碧玉的主要组成矿物为透闪石或者阳起石,次要矿物包括铬铁矿、铬钙铝榴石、透绿泥石.电子探针结果显示,碧玉样品的主要元素成分为MgO、SiO2、CaO,以及少量的FeO和微量的Cr2O3、MnO、K2O、Na2O、Al2O3、TiO2.根据样品数据的对比可以推测,碧玉颜色的深度与FeO的含量呈正比,当碧玉含有铬钙铝榴石包体时,碧玉颜色更鲜艳. 相似文献
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采用常规宝石学测试手段、薄片观察、电子探针、红外光谱等方法对目前中国市场上常见的一种仿碧玉玻璃样品进行了研究。结果表明,该样品为乳浊的脱玻化玻璃,其主要成分为SiO2,其次为Al2O3,还含有K,Na,Ca,Mg碱金属氧化物以及乳浊剂的析出物氟化钙和磷酸钙。该仿碧玉玻璃样品的鉴别特征为：颜色呆板,有时可见白斑,密度与硬度较低,贝壳状断口,羊齿植物叶脉状结构。此外,还可通过特征的红外光谱加以鉴别。 相似文献
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俄罗斯碧玉进入中国市场以来,以其艳丽的颜色和细腻的质地而深受广大爱玉者的喜爱。前人对俄罗斯碧玉的研究中,样品大部分采自市场,具体产地不清,且未对水线、猫眼进行研究。本文在前人研究的基础上,运用电子探针和微量元素测试等现代测试方法对俄罗斯奥斯泊矿碧玉进行分析,并对其致色离子进行研究。结果表明,奥斯泊矿碧玉主要矿物成分为透闪石,黑色点状杂质为铬铁矿,周围含有绿泥石;水线成分为透闪石;碧玉鲜艳的绿色调主要与Cr元素含量有关,Cr元素含量在400~1 500μg/g时,可使碧玉呈现比较鲜艳的翠绿色。 相似文献
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通过常规宝石学测试、偏反光显微镜鉴定及电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射测试分析,对产于若羌县阿其克库勒的碧玉进行详细研究,总结其产地特征及成因。结果表明碧玉主要矿物成分为透闪石并含少量钙铬榴石、铬铁矿。透闪石在偏光显微镜下呈鳞片状、片状、纤维状,其中片状具轻微卷曲变形现象,偶见少量辉石为原岩蚀变残留矿物。钙铬榴石为翠绿色,呈针点状、斑点状、团块状、丝绺状不均匀分布,铬铁矿呈黑色,以点状、不规则粒状杂乱分布。铬铁矿由铬镁尖晶石蚀变形成,蚀变程度不一,可见铬铁矿沿铬镁尖晶石边缘分布。碧玉的绿色源于Fe^2+和Cr^3+综合作用形成,结合铬铁矿与碧玉成因及产状特征,推断该种碧玉为超基性岩蚀变形成,与新疆和田碧玉、玛纳斯碧玉、俄罗斯碧玉、新西兰碧玉、加拿大碧玉等属于同一成因类型。 相似文献
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世界范围内代表性碧玉的矿物特征和成因研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
由于碧玉的样品来源、测试技术单一,有关碧玉的成因及其与大理岩型软玉之间的成因差别都不明确。本文采集了我国青海、俄罗斯、加拿大、新西兰、巴基斯坦等全球代表性碧玉样品,采用显微镜观察、X射线粉晶衍射、电子探针、电感耦合等离子体质谱和稳定同位素质谱等技术进行岩相学、矿物组成、微量和主量元素、氢氧同位素测试,对碧玉的成因进行综合分析,同时和澳大利亚大理岩型软玉进行对比性研究,以明确两种类型的软玉之间的成因差别。碧玉样品测试结果表明:(1)碧玉的主要组成是透闪石,次要矿物有石英、滑石、黑云母、铬铁矿、石墨、石榴石等;(2)氢氧同位素组成(δD值-69. 763‰～-29. 251‰,δ~(18)O值4. 7‰～13. 4‰)显示由明显的变质水组成;(3)全岩Fe~(2+)/(Mg+Fe~(2+))值为0. 11～0. 32,Cr含量约22. 9～3400μg/g,Ni含量为700～1800μg/g,表明了明显的幔源物质参与成矿的特征。通过对比发现,碧玉与大理岩型软玉的地球化学性质有明显不同,这种差别与两者的产出环境有关:大理岩型软玉的矿物组成和地球化学特征受控于花岗岩和镁质大理岩,而碧玉的地球化学特征与幔源物质组成和变质流体相关。 相似文献
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和田玉、玛纳斯碧玉和岫岩老玉的产地特征 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
本文用电子探针研究了和田玉、玛纳斯碧玉和岫岩老玉的矿物成分,结果表明和田玉的主要矿物成分是透闪石,玛纳斯碧玉是阳起石,而岫岩老玉则由透闪石和阳起石组成,并论述了它们的产地特征. 相似文献
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采用电子探针、粉晶X射线衍射、化学分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱等方法对泰山玉进行了测试,系统论述了山东泰山玉的颜色分类、矿物组成、化学成分、微量元素特征、结构和构造类型及物理性质。泰山玉分为3种类型:泰山碧玉、泰山墨玉及泰山花斑玉。泰山玉主要由叶蛇纹石组成,杂质矿物有磁铁矿、碳酸盐、滑石、绿泥石、斜方辉石、云母、黄铁矿、褐铁矿、硫镍矿等。泰山玉中的矿物生成顺序为片状蛇纹石→脉状蛇纹石→滑石→脉状碳酸盐。泰山碧玉和花斑玉由Fe2+致色,而泰山墨玉由微粒磁铁矿致色。与辽宁岫玉的区别在于泰山玉中Cr、Ni元素的含量很高。 相似文献
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以产自加拿大Cassiar矿区的碧玉样品作为研究对象,采用常规宝石学测试、偏光显微镜、电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射仪以及红外光谱仪,对其矿物组成、化学成分及结构特征进行较详细的研究。结果表明,Cassiar碧玉主要矿物成分为向阳起石过渡的透闪石,含有少量的石英,其黑色固体包体为铁铬铁矿以及钙铬铝榴石,该两种杂质矿物指示Cassiar碧玉的成因与超基性岩蚀变有关,与新疆和田碧玉以及玛纳斯碧玉属同一成因类型。并将Cassiar矿与Kutcho矿碧玉样品进行了初步对比。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献