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1.
The mitigation of radio frequency interference (RFI) has a fundamental role in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) applications,
especially when a high level of availability is required. Several electromagnetic sources, in fact, might degrade the performance
of the global positioning system (GPS) and Galileo receivers, and their effects can be either in-band (i.e., secondary harmonics
generated by transmitters of other communication systems due to non-linearity distortions) or out-of-band (i.e., strong signals
that occupy frequency bandwidths very close to GNSS bands). We investigated the effects of real out-of-band signals on GNSS
receivers and analyzed the impact on the overall receiver chain in order to evaluate the impact of the interference source.
In particular, the analysis focuses on the spectrum at the front-end output, on the automatic gain control (AGC) behavior,
as well as on the digital processing stages (signal acquisition and tracking) at the analog digital converter (ADC) output.
This study refers to several experiments and data collections performed in interfered areas of downtown Torino (Italy). The
obtained results underline how digital/analog TV transmissions represent a potential interference source for GNSS applications
and might be critical for the safety of life services. 相似文献
2.
全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)卫星的IIR和IIF卫星能够在各个信号分量之间重新分配其发送信号的功率,一个或多个GPS信号可以在指定区域根据需要进行功率调整或者关闭。分析GPS信号的变化特征对于地面和空间应用有重要的意义。风云三号D(FengYun-3D,FY-3D)卫星是中国极轨气象卫星之一,利用FY-3D卫星实际测量数据可以帮助GPS用户全面了解GPS功率调整的特点。首先,利用FY-3D运行轨道全球覆盖的特点分析GPS信号的强度,特别是GPS信号功率调整时间段信号变化的特点;然后,使用在轨数据研究了全球范围L波段信号干扰的特征,得到了干扰对全球导航卫星系统掩星探测仪掩星天线的自动增益控制和基底噪声的影响。结果表明：从2020-02-14开始的GPS功率调整以[35°N,37°E]和[35°N,69°E]为中心,覆盖半径约为7 500 km,在该区域内GPS P(Y)码功率增加约10 dB;GPS L1和L2频段在中东地区持续受干扰的影响,该区域的基底噪声比其他区域增加约3～10倍;干扰区域中心点和GPS功率调整区域中心点大致在同一位置。G... 相似文献
3.
全球导航卫星反射信号遥感GNSS-R(Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry)是近年来新兴的一个学科交叉研究领域。本文在调研分析国内外研究进展的基础上,基于GNSS-R工作原理与技术特征,将GNSS-R遥感观测模式定义为双天线模式DAP(Double Antenna Pattern)和单天线模式SAP(Single Antenna Pattern),并对两种观测模式的特性和共性问题进行分析。初步建立GNSS-R遥感应用体系架构,以陆面遥感应用为例,结合近几年参与的GNSS-R观测试验与模型研究工作,给出两种观测模式下GNSS-R遥感的典型应用实例,以期为中国未来地基、空基和星载GNSS-R遥感观测及应用工作的开展提供参考。 相似文献
4.
We present experimental results showing the impact of the proposed LightSquared (LS) Long-term Evolution (LTE) signals on both GPS and Galileo civil modulations in the L1/E1 band. The experiments were conducted in radiated mode in a large anechoic chamber. Three Galileo enabled receivers were chosen for the tests, and a state of the art GNSS signal generator was used to simulate both GPS and Galileo signals. The LTE signals were generated by an Agilent Programmable Signal Generator with a license to generate the signals according to the 3GPP LTE FDD standard. The interference impact was measured in terms of a Carrier-to-Noise power spectral density ratio (C/N 0) degradation, in accordance with the methodology which the LS/GPS Technical Working Group (TWG) established by mandate of the FCC. A model for determining the impact of the LS signal on the considered GNSS signals is provided and is validated against experimental data. It is shown that the Galileo E1 Open Service (OS) signal is marginally more susceptible to this form of interference than the GPS L1 C/A signal due to its greater proximity to the lower edge of the L1 band. The impact of LS interference was further analyzed in terms of pseudorange and position errors. Despite its relevance for most GNSS users, this aspect was not considered by the TWG. Measurement and position domain analysis along with the study of the LS impact on the Galileo OS signals are the major contributions. The analysis confirms the results obtained by the TWG and shows that the receiver front-end plays a major role in protecting GNSS signals against RF interference. While it appears that, for now, the LS network will not be deployed, the approach taken and the results obtained herein can be readily adapted for any future terrestrial mobile network that may take the place of LS. 相似文献
5.
6.
Xiaoli Liu Muqing Liang Yu Morton Pau Closas Ting Zhang Zhigang Hong 《GPS Solutions》2014,18(2):163-175
The objective of this work is to investigate the performances of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and minimum frequency shift keying (MSK) modulations as potential future global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) signal modulation schemes. MSK is used in global system for mobile communications because of its spectral efficiency, while OFDM is used in WLAN and digital video broadcast-terrestrial because of its multipath mitigation capability. These advantages of MSK and OFDM modulations render them as promising modulation candidates for future GNSS signals to offer enhanced performances in challenging environments. Gabor bandwidth and multipath error envelopes of these two modulations were computed and compared with those of the current global positioning system (GPS), Galileo, and Beidou signal modulations. The results show that OFDM modulation demonstrated promises as a viable future GNSS modulation, especially for signals that require pre-filtering bandwidths larger than 2 MHz, while MSK modulation is more desirable for pre-filtering bandwidth below 2 MHz where it exhibits the largest Gabor bandwidth. 相似文献
7.
Aron Pinker 《GPS Solutions》1999,3(2):28-39
The management of the Global Positioning System (GPS) by the U. S. Department of Defense (DoD) has been the subject of persistent
criticism by the global community of users in general and particularly in Europe. The European Union (EU) is considering various
global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) that would provide it with varying degrees of control, autonomy, and specificity
of use. The gamut of options includes various augmentations of GPS, a combination of GLONASS and GPS, and its own GNSS, dubbed
Galileo.
We discuss the concerns of the global community with respect to GPS and the motives that drive the GPS globalization debate.
We also describe the various European GNSS concepts and initiatives, and the likelihood for their realization as substitutes
to the GPS. ? 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
8.
9.
The ionosphere: effects,GPS modeling and the benefits for space geodetic techniques 总被引：12，自引：8，他引：4
Manuel Hernández-Pajares J. Miguel Juan Jaume Sanz Àngela Aragón-Àngel Alberto García-Rigo Dagoberto Salazar Miquel Escudero 《Journal of Geodesy》2011,85(12):887-907
The main goal of this paper is to provide a summary of our current knowledge of the ionosphere as it relates to space geodetic
techniques, especially the most informative technology, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), specifically the fully
deployed and operational global positioning system (GPS). As such, the main relevant modeling points are discussed, and the
corresponding results of ionospheric monitoring are related, which were mostly computed using GPS data and based on the direct
experience of the authors. We address various phenomena such as horizontal and vertical ionospheric morphology in quiet conditions,
traveling ionospheric disturbances, solar flares, ionospheric storms and scintillation. Finally, we also tackle the question
of how improved knowledge of ionospheric conditions, especially in terms of an accurate understanding of the distribution
of free electrons, can improve space geodetic techniques at different levels, such as higher-order ionospheric effects, precise
GNSS navigation, single-antenna GNSS orientation and real-time GNSS meteorology. 相似文献
10.
GNSS信号土壤衰减模型的试验验证方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GNSS（global navigation satellite system）信号在土壤中的衰减情况对于研究GNSS反射信号的有效遥感深度具有重要意义。本文通过试验研究了北斗信号与GPS（global positioning system）信号在土壤中的衰减情况。在试验设计上将GNSS天线置入土壤中并不断改变天线上方的土壤厚度与湿度以采集GNSS信号的功率衰减数据,最后利用这些数据反演土壤湿度以对GNSS信号土壤衰减模型进行验证。试验结果表明,土壤能够使GNSS信号发生明显的衰减。土壤的湿度值与厚度值越大,GNSS信号功率衰减越严重。在黏土土质,土壤湿度为0.15~0.30 cm3/cm3的情况下,当土壤厚度达到21 cm时,GNSS信号功率已衰减至无法被GNSS接收机测出。进一步根据GNSS信号衰减模型反演土壤湿度,结果显示,模型在土壤厚度大于等于10 cm、卫星仰角高于50°的情况下较为精确,此时利用北斗B1信号与GPS L1信号反演土壤湿度的均方根误差分别小于0.04 cm3/cm3与0.09 cm3/cm3。 相似文献
11.
Grace Xingxin Gao Liang Heng Achim Hornbostel Holmer Denks Michael Meurer Todd Walter Per Enge 《GPS Solutions》2013,17(4):561-573
The Galileo E5a/E5b signals and the Global Positioning System (GPS) L5 signal lie within the aeronautical radionavigation services (ARNS) band. They suffer interference from the services in this frequency band, in particular, pulsed signals from distance measuring equipment (DME) and tactical air navigation (TACAN) systems. To maintain system accuracy and integrity, interference mitigation is beneficial and necessary. We first present the real DME/TACAN environment at Stanford, CA as an example to illustrate the need for mitigating DME/TACAN interference. We then propose a time and frequency joint mitigation algorithm—Hybrid Blanking and its simplified version, frequency domain adaptive filtering (FDAF) for hardware implementation. Finally, a flight measurements campaign was performed over a European DME/TACAN hotspot near Frankfurt, Germany, to record a worst-case DME interference environment. Recorded data from the flight tests mixed with injected GNSS signals verify the effectiveness of the proposed mitigation algorithm. 相似文献
12.
分析了 目前广播星历精度评估中存在的问题,详细论述了广播星历精度评估过程中对精密星历进行天线相位中心改正的取值方法,提出了利用单颗星单日钟差均值作二次差对广播星历钟差的系统性偏差进行改正的方法.选取2019-09-01-2019-11-01 共计62天的多模 GNSS 实验(multi-GNSS experiment,... 相似文献
13.
In this paper, we present the development of a local area differential GPS testbed of the ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) as the future airport navigation facility in the Taipei Flight Information Region (FIR) in Taiwan. The testbed is mainly a GBAS ground facility, which consists of a ground station, three GBAS receivers, and a VDL (VHF data link) broadcast antenna. We also present an airborne GPS/GBAS prototype receiver in this paper. The airborne subsystem (a GPS/GBAS receiver) receives the correction messages from the ground subsystem to perform a differential GPS (DGPS) positioning. In order to provide an ILS-look-alike approach and landing, the output messages of the airborne receiver are packed in an ARINC 429 format. The proposed airborne system has a software-based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver structure. 相似文献
14.
针对现有全球卫星导航系统性能评估无规范的评估标准问题,该文提出了以统一模型和算法为评估体系的方法,较详细的评估了全球卫星导航系统公开服务信号的基本性能,主要评估了空间信号误差、广播电离层模型改正效率及伪距单点定位精度等。结果表明:空间信号误差方面,伽利略最优、GPS和北斗三号相当;广播电离层模型方面,北斗全球广播电离层模型改正效果最优,GPSK8与NeQuick模型在低中纬度改正效果相当,北斗区域电离层模型在其服务区内具有较高改正效果;定位方面,北斗、GPS和伽利略静态伪距单点定位的三维位置均方根误差优于5m,格洛纳斯优于10 m;动态伪距单点定位方面,北斗在中国境内定位精度最高;基于统一评估体系下,可以直观对比得到目前各卫星导航系统的性能差异,同时也为后续的建设提供相应的参考。 相似文献
15.
将空时自适应处理建模为一个有限冲激响应（FIR）滤波器,分析了空时自适应处理对导航信号的码相位偏移。该滤波器的响应同时取决于信号的频率和入射方向,将滤波器的输出与本地序列进行相关,可求得互相关峰值的偏移量。以GPS中的C/A码为例,针对空时自适应处理中典型的最小方差（MV）和最小方差无失真响应（MVDR）准则进行了仿真实验。结果表明,干扰从低仰角入射时影响范围更大,而MV准则在抑制干扰的同时,带来的互相关峰值偏移较MVDR更加明显。 相似文献
16.
A grid-based tropospheric product for China using a GNSS network 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tropospheric delay accounts for one source of error in global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). To better characterize the tropospheric delays in the temporal and spatial domain and facilitate the safety-critical use of GNSS across China, a method is proposed to generate a grid-based tropospheric product (GTP) using the GNSS network with an empirical tropospheric model, known as IGGtrop. The prototype system generates the GTPs in post-processing and real-time modes and is based on the undifferenced and uncombined precise point positioning (UU-PPP) technique. GTPs are constructed for a grid form (\(2.0{^{\circ }}\times 2.5{^{\circ }}\) latitude–longitude) over China with a time resolution of 5 min. The real-time GTP messages are encoded in a self-defined RTCM3 format and broadcast to users using NTRIP (networked transport of RTCM via internet protocol), which enables efficient and safe transmission to real-time users. Our approach for GTP generation consists of three sequential steps. In the first step, GNSS-derived zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs) for a network of GNSS stations are estimated using UU-PPP. In the second step, vertical adjustments for the GNSS-derived ZTDs are applied to address the height differences between the GNSS stations and grid points. The ZTD height corrections are provided by the IGGtrop model. Finally, an inverse distance weighting method is used to interpolate the GNSS-derived ZTDs from the surrounding GNSS stations to the location of the grid point. A total of 210 global positioning system (GPS) stations from the crustal movement observation network of China are used to generate the GTPs in both post-processing and real-time modes. The accuracies of the GTPs are assessed against with ERA-Interim-derived ZTDs and the GPS-derived ZTDs at 12 test GPS stations, respectively. The results show that the post-processing and real-time GTPs can provide the ZTDs with accuracies of 1.4 and 1.8 cm, respectively. We also apply the GTPs in real-time kinematic GPS PPP, and the results show that the convergence time of the PPP solutions is shortened. These results confirm that the GTPs can act as an efficient information source to augment GNSS positioning over China. 相似文献
17.
全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）目前得到了十分广泛的应用,但是GNSS信号到达地面的功率很低,同时民用信号的格式是公开的,因此极易受到各种无意和人为故意的干扰,会对GNSS定位和授时的精度造成影响．查找和消除干扰源十分重要,目前通用的干扰源查找手段是采用测向设备实现干扰源的交叉定位,但在不知道GNSS干扰源的大致位置时,采用测向设备查找干扰源将耗费很长的时间．如果能够通过提取一些通用接收机的输出量实现干扰源的粗定位,就可以为测向定位提供初始参考位置和大概的查找范围．本文利用几乎所有的通用接收机都能输出的位置信息实现干扰源的粗定位,随着GNSS接收机逼近干扰源,会造成接收机位置信息的丢失,随着GNSS接收机远离干扰源,接收机又会重新获取位置信息,本文利用一定区域内众多受干扰的接收机的位置信息丢失点和位置信息重捕获点来实现干扰源的粗定位．通过仿真验证,分析了该技术的定位误差,仿真结果表明,该方法能够实现GNSS干扰源的粗定位,为进一步准确查找干扰源提供位置参考． 相似文献
18.
发射信号不完善性对卫星导航系统内及系统间干扰的影响分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究了3种典型的卫星发射信号不完善性——载波泄漏、互调失真和杂散辐射对于卫星导航信号的接收所带来的干扰,通过信号建模以及谱分离系数、码跟踪谱灵敏度系数和等效载噪比的解析计算对干扰效果进行量化分析;针对GPS和Galileo系统L1/E1频段的信号进行了多层次的仿真计算,给出了综合考虑噪声、信号损耗、外源干扰、GNSS系统内和系统间干扰,以及3种信号不完善性单独作用、两两组合和综合作用下的结果,其中对于GPS L1C/A短码考虑了电文调制对线谱的影响。结果表明,当总的不完善干扰功率水平达到一定程度后,其对接收机信号捕获跟踪和解调的影响大于系统间干扰,不能忽略。 相似文献
19.
为了对多个全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system, GNSS）当前的广播星历精度进行一个全面的分析,对比了2014—2018年共5 a的GNSS广播星历与精密星历,并对全球定位系统（global positioning system, GPS）、格洛纳斯卫星导航系统（global navigation satellite system, GLONASS）、伽利略卫星导航系统（Galileo satellite navigation system, Galileo）、北斗卫星导航系统（BeiDou navigation satellite system, BDS）、准天顶卫星系统（quasi-zenith satellite system, QZSS）等5个系统的广播星历长期精度变化进行了分析。结果表明:5 a中GPS的广播星历轨道及钟差精度最稳定;GLONASS的广播星历轨道精度稳定性较好,但其钟差精度存在较大的离散度;Galileo得益于具备全面运行能力（full operational capability, FOC）卫星的大量发射及运行,其广播星历轨道、钟差精度大幅度变好,切向轨道、法向轨道与钟差精度已赶超GPS;BDS的广播星历轨道精度离散度较大,钟差精度出现不稳定现象;QZSS的广播星历轨道与钟差精度的稳定性与离散度相对最差。以2018年1 a的广播星历与精密星历为例分析了各个系统当前的广播星历精度,结果表明,当前GPS、GLONASS、Galileo、BDS、QZSS的考虑轨道误差与钟差误差贡献的空间信号测距误差（signal-in-space ranging error,SISRE）分别为0.806 m、2.704 m、0.320 m、1.457 m、1.645 m,表明Galileo广播星历整体精度最高,GPS次之,其次分别是BDS、QZSS和GLONASS。只考虑轨道误差贡献的SISRE分别为0.167 m、0.541 m、0.229 m、0.804 m、0.675 m,表明GPS广播星历轨道精度最高,其次分别是Galileo、GLONASS、QZSS和BDS。GPS卫星广播星历中新型号卫星的钟差精度总体要优于旧型号卫星。 相似文献
20.
GPS Solutions - High-frequency global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observations are of great significance for structural health monitoring. At present, most studies on high-frequency GNSS... 相似文献