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1.
平行盾构隧道施工对既有隧道影响的数值分析 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
采用三维有限元方法对平行盾构隧道施工进行模拟,分析新隧道动态掘进时既有隧道位移、变形和内力的变化规律。模型中考虑了盾构机与管片衬砌相互作用,管片衬砌结构的横观各向同性性质。计算结果表明,既有隧道在盾构机附近主要产生纵向上的不均匀沉降和侧移,在盾构机后方主要产生横断面内的旋转。新隧道的修建还将使既有隧道受到“侧向加载“效应,使其横断面内的弯矩减小,轴力增大,且左、右侧受力不再对称。既有隧道纵向受力出现先受压、后受拉的特征,且在远离新隧道侧将出现最不利应力状态。分析表明盾构机顶进力、注浆压力和地层损失对既有隧道的影响较大,施工中应严格控制,而顶进反力的影响相对较小。该工作为类似工程的施工提供参考。 相似文献
2.
采用解析法研究穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降。由无建筑物时岩土体开挖引起的地表沉降公式及半无限平面在均布荷载下的相对沉陷,推导出了穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道施工引起的地表沉降公式,并通过实例验证了此方法的可行性。采用上述方法研究了地表建筑物的重量及其与浅埋隧道位置关系对地表沉降的影响,研究结果表明：浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降随建筑物重量的增大而增大;建筑物中心到隧道轴线的水平距离是对地表沉降的一个重要影响因素,超过一定范围时建筑物的存在对地表沉降的影响可以忽略不计。研究结果可为类似隧道工程提供一定参考。 相似文献
3.
构造应力场中的软岩客运专线双线隧道稳定性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以铁道部250 km/h客运专线标准断面双线隧道为对象,依托木寨岭高地应力软岩隧道工程,研究构造应力场条件下隧道变形特性、能量积聚、力学响应及塑性区规律。水平大主应力平行隧道轴线时,高能集中区和塑性区主要集中于边墙,掌子面前方围岩能量密度较小,掌子面挤出变形较大;水平大主应力垂直轴线时,高能集中区和塑性区主要分布在拱顶、仰拱及掌子面,掌子面前方围岩能量密度较大,挤压变形较小。研究表明：掌子面前方待开挖核心土体表现能量-位移正交性,而目前采用简单的挤出变形来判别掌子面稳定性,其合理性值得进一步商榷;规范给出“最大水平主应力与隧道轴线平行或小角度相交设计原则”,并不是对所有高地应力场都适用;锚杆在开挖初期有效促进临时“承载拱”的形成,使“压力拱”偏移至隧道轮廓附近,成为施工初期稳定的关键;锚杆降低边墙深部岩体切向应力峰值,随着掌子面推进,拱效应不断向深部岩体移动,形成动态压力拱。 相似文献
4.
为确保隧道结构安全,在施工和运营期间均需进行收敛测量,以监测隧道或地下洞室向内侧的相对位移。双层隧道具有特殊工程特点,常规收敛测量方法受到一定局限。结合工程实际,探索并采用了横竖径观测的收敛测量方法,通过对隧道断面最大变形位置的测量达到对整个断面结构变形监控目的。工程实例测量分析结果表明,该技术方法具针对性和可行性,可在类似工程测量中推广应用。 相似文献
5.
在地下隧道施工中遇到既有桩的情况并不少见,尽管近年来隧道--土--桩相互作用引起了广泛关注,但以往的研究主要集中在小规模隧道开挖引起的桩的反应上。通过三维离心模型试验,研究了双管大型隧道开挖引起的群桩变形机理。由于隧道开挖引起的应力释放,群桩的实测沉降随隧道的推进几乎呈线性增加。监测点距新建隧道较短,导致群桩沉降较大。单隧道开挖完成后,在隧道中心线正上方观测到最大桩群沉降为0.23%D(即隧道直径)。双管开挖后,最大群桩沉降增加到0.32%D,最大群桩沉降位置向两隧道之间的中心线移动。随着开挖面接近监测断面,既有桩群迅速向开挖面倾斜。当隧道工作面通过监测断面时,减少了现有群桩的倾斜。显然,当隧道工作面位于监测断面正下方时,测得的群桩倾斜达到最大值。这清楚地说明了隧道开挖引起群桩的三维变形机理。若将隧道开挖简化为二维问题,则忽略了群桩沿隧道纵向的倾斜,而群桩的倾斜位于非保守侧。 相似文献
6.
The Manh Vu Jean Sulem Didier Subrin Nathalie Monin 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2013,46(2):213-229
A semi-analytical solution based on the transfer matrix technique is proposed to analyze the stresses and displacements in a two-dimensional circular opening excavated in transversely isotropic formation with non-linear behavior. A non-isotropic far field can be accounted for and the process of excavation is simulated by progressive reduction of the internal radial stress. A hyperbolic stress–strain law is proposed to take into account the non-linear behavior of the rock. The model contains seven independent parameters corresponding to the five elastic constants of an elastic material with transverse isotropy and to the friction coefficient and cohesion along the parallel joints (weakness planes). This approach is based on the discretization of the space into concentric rings. It requires the establishment of elementary solutions corresponding to the stress and displacement fields inside each ring for given conditions at its boundaries. These solutions, based on complex variable theory, are obtained in the form of infinite series. The appropriate number of terms to be kept for acceptable approximation is discussed. This non-linear model is applied to back analyze the convergence measurements of Saint-Martin-la-Porte access gallery. Short-term and long-term ground parameters are evaluated. 相似文献
7.
This paper presents a practical procedure for assessing the system reliability of a rock tunnel. Three failure modes, namely, inadequate support capacity, excessive tunnel convergence, and insufficient rockbolt length, are considered and investigated using a deterministic model of ground-support interaction analysis based on the convergence–confinement method (CCM). The failure probability of each failure mode is evaluated from the first-order reliability method (FORM) and the response surface method (RSM) via an iterative procedure. The system failure probability bounds are estimated using the bimodal bounds approach suggested by Ditlevsen (1979), based on the reliability index and design point inferred from the FORM. The proposed approach is illustrated with an example of a circular rock tunnel. The computed system failure probability bounds compare favorably with those generated from Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that the relative importance of different failure modes to the system reliability of the tunnel mainly depends on the timing of support installation relative to the advancing tunnel face. It is also shown that reliability indices based on the second-order reliability method (SORM) can be used to achieve more accurate bounds on the system failure probability for nonlinear limit state surfaces. The system reliability-based design for shotcrete thickness is also demonstrated. 相似文献
8.
在膨胀土地基中进行隧道对群桩影响的三维离心模型试验研究,目标地层损失比为2%,着重研究引起的地基沉降槽、桩的附加沉降、附加弯矩、轴力的变化规律。试验得出：隧道开挖沉降槽空间效应明显;隧道开挖从-0.75D至1.25D时,桩附加沉降呈线性增长,隧道开挖至1.25D以后,桩依然沉降明显。前桩与后桩沉降值不同,桩帽会出现倾斜;前桩上部出现负附加弯矩而下部出现正附加弯矩,而后桩仅在下部出现正附加弯矩;前桩附加弯矩最大值出现在隧道轴线附近,且比后桩附加弯矩大得多;前桩附加轴力随着隧道的开挖而增加,且每步最大值在隧道轴线附近。后桩的轴力也随隧道的开挖而增加,但每步最大值出现在桩顶附近。 相似文献
9.
Summary. The magnitude and distribution of ground deformations around a tunnel are often monitored during construction and provide
key information about ground-support interaction and ground behavior. Thus it is important to determine the effects of different
parameters on ground deformations to accurately and effectively evaluate what contributes to ground and support behavior observed
during excavation. This paper investigates one such relation: the effects of seepage on radial deformations. A number of numerical
analyses have been conducted with the following assumptions: deep circular unsupported tunnel, elastic ground, isotropic far
field stresses, dry ground or saturated ground with steady-state water seepage. The analyses cover a wide range of tunnel
sizes, effective stresses, and pore pressures. Results from the numerical simulations confirm previous analytical solutions
for normalized radial deformations behind the face (i.e. on the tunnel side of the face) of a tunnel excavated in dry ground,
and have been used to propose a new analytical formulation for normalized radial displacements ahead and behind the tunnel
face for both dry and saturated ground with water flow. Water seepage substantially increases the magnitude and distribution
of the normalized radial deformations ahead of the face and at the tunnel face, but does not change much the displacement
distribution behind the tunnel face. 相似文献
10.
盾构法施工过程的有限元模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在综合考虑了现有的有限元模拟方法的基础上,对部分仿真模拟细节进行了改进,改进了水平荷载的施加方法,用"等代层"来模拟盾尾建筑空隙,用预设单元的刚度迁移来模拟盾构的推进过程。通过对某地铁隧道盾构施工过程的模拟,分析了盾构推进过程中地表土体的位移与变形,计算得到的隧道横断面和隧道纵向地面沉降分布曲线与实测数据比较接近,结果证明了模拟方法是可行的。 相似文献
11.
为分析软弱黄土隧道的变形规律,以西宁过境高速大有山黄土隧道为依托,采用精密水准仪和收敛计对隧道地表下沉、拱顶下沉和水平收敛进行了系统现场测试。结果表明：软弱黄土隧道拱顶下沉远大于水平收敛,变形时间长,变形量大,累计拱顶下沉值最大为950.6 mm。在临界埋深范围,围岩变形比深埋、浅埋时都大,且变形量离散性高;围岩变形速率在二衬施作时较大,软弱黄土隧道中作为围岩-支护系统稳定性判据的变形速率宜适当提高;围岩变形随时间变化符合指数函数规律,可利用指数函数预测围岩的最终变形;软弱黄土隧道变形分为急剧变形、持续增长和缓慢增长3个阶段,最终趋于稳定。隧道断面的初次开挖对地表变形影响显著,隧道轴线沉降最大,并沿横向逐渐减小。软弱黄土隧道预留变形量在不同位置处不宜统一设置,西宁地区软弱黄土Ⅴ级围岩建议拱顶预留700～800 mm,边墙预留300～350 mm,拱顶与边墙之间以曲线过渡。 相似文献
12.
The ground response to tunnel excavation is usually described in terms of the characteristic line of the ground (also called ‘ground response curve’, GRC), which relates the support pressure to the displacement of the tunnel wall. Under heavily squeezing conditions, very large convergences may take place, sometimes exceeding 10–20% of the excavated tunnel radius, whereas most of the existing formulations for the GRC are based on the infinitesimal deformation theory. This paper presents an exact closed‐form analytical solution for the ground response around cylindrical and spherical openings unloaded from isotropic and uniform stress states, incorporating finite deformations and linearly elastic‐perfectly plastic rock behaviour obeying the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion with a non‐associated flow rule. Additionally, the influence of out‐of‐plane stress in the case of cylindrical cavities under plane‐strain conditions is examined. The solution is presented in the form of dimensionless design charts covering the practically relevant parameter range. Finally, an application example is included with reference to a section of the Gotthard Base tunnel crossing heavily squeezing ground. The expressions derived can be used for preliminary convergence assessments and as valuable benchmarks for finite strain numerical analyses. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
Elasto-plastic tunnel analysis may produce a paradox in the calculation of ground pressure whereby ground pressures appear
to increase in relation to higher ground quality. More specifically, for an overstressed ground in combination with a stiff
support, analysis may indicate greater loading of the support with a ground of high strength than with a ground of low strength
(all of the other parameters being equal). This counter-intuitive outcome appears in all of the common calculation models
(analytical plane strain analysis, numerical plane strain analysis and numerical axisymmetric analysis), although it does
not correspond either to the ground behaviour that is intuitively expected or to ground behaviour observed in the field, thus
raising doubts over the predictive power of common tunnel design calculations. The present paper discusses the assumptions
made in the models that are responsible for the paradox: the assumption that ground behaviour is time-independent (whereas
in reality overstressed ground generally creeps) and the assumption that the support operates with full stiffness close to
the face (which is not feasible in reality due to the nature of construction procedures). When proper account is taken of
either or both of these assumptions in more advanced models, the paradox disappears. As the models which generate the paradox
are very commonly used in engineering and scientific practice, the investigations of the present paper may be of value, helping
the engineer to understand the uncertainties inherent in the models and to arrive at a better interpretation of the results
they produce. 相似文献
14.
对地面出入式盾构法隧道施工引起的土体垂直变形计算方法进行研究。考虑盾构轴线与水平面的夹角 （即隧道埋深变化）,对林存刚公式进行修正,结合正面附加推力、盾壳摩擦力、附加注浆压力和土体损失的共同作用,提出全新的土体垂直变形计算公式。算例分析结果表明：在隧道埋深较浅工况下,新方法计算结果与林存刚公式的计算结果差异较大,新方法计算得到的开挖面前方地面隆起和后方地面沉降均较大;盾构上仰掘进时,随着 增大,由正面附加推力、盾壳摩擦力及土体损失引起的纵向土体垂直变形曲线呈上移趋势,由附加注浆压力引起的纵向土体垂直变形曲线则呈下移趋势;地面沉降最大值变小,但地面横向沉降槽范围逐渐变大。 相似文献
15.
Tunnel excavation is a coupled three-dimensional problem dealing with two different structures: lining and rockmass. For a simple application it is useful to develop simplified methods by treating the problem as plane strain. If the problem of tunnel face advance presents an axisymmetric geometry, then we show that the major parameter governing the ground–interface–lining interaction is the convergence of the tunnel U0 at the moment of the lining installation. The ‘New Implicit Method’ (NIM) presented in this paper makes use of principles similar to those of the ‘convergence–confinement’ method, but it provides a better appreciation of the coupled behaviour of rockmass and lining. For independent time constitutive laws (elasticity and plasticity), we point out that the convergence U0 depends not only on the mechanical behaviour of the rockmass and on the distance from the tunnel face, as predicted by the ‘convergence–confinement’ method, but also on the stiffness of the lining previously set. We present the ‘NIM’ for elastic and perfect elastoplastic rockmasses without dilatancy for many criteria. The development of this new method is based on the results of tunnel calculations with an axisymmetric FEM numerical model that takes into account the three-dimensional aspect of the problem. Using this method is simple and its results agree well with the FEM numerical results. Its accuracy is highly satisfactory for a geotechnical study. 相似文献
16.
2018年6月10日,朝阳隧道出口平导发生岩溶突水突泥,持续时间约1 h,突水突泥总量约1.6×106 m3。为完善施工掘进方案及排水方案,需分析突水突泥产生原因,评价后续施工带来的突水突泥风险,计算隧道涌水量。文章分析了隧道位置的地形地貌、工程地质、水文地质条件,阐述了发生突水突泥的平导掌子面超前地质预报实施情况及突水突泥发生过程,补充调查了灾害影响范围的工程地质、水文地质条件,完成了长达1年的平导涌水量－降雨量关系动态观测。平导突水突泥掌子面前方有水头高达84 m的巨型溶腔及管道系统,施工开挖揭穿溶腔底部后,填充于整个岩溶水系统的有压水流携带泥砂快速涌入平导并以较大动能冲出洞外,导致了6.10突水突泥事件的发生。隧道出口段岩溶水系统接受降雨入渗补给且径流通畅,洞内涌水对应的汇水面积为6.423 km2,计算极端暴雨后平导最大涌水量5×104 m3·h?1。突水突泥发生后山体内的静储量已得到充分释放,地下水位已降至平导底板高程,后续施工中再遭遇突水突泥的风险低。 相似文献
17.
深埋隧洞微震活动区与岩爆的相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于锦屏二级水电站深埋引水隧洞和排水洞大量微震监测数据及上百个不同等级岩爆实例,研究了深埋隧洞微震活动区与岩爆之间的关系。研究结果表明：（1）微震活动分布范围主要介于掌子面后方3倍洞径至前方1.5倍洞径之间,而岩爆高发区位于掌子面后方3倍洞径以内,表明岩爆高发区与微震事件主要分布范围相吻合;（2）隧洞工程岩爆潜在风险重点关注区域是掌子面后方3倍洞径已开挖范围,以及掌子面前方1.5倍洞径施工范围;（3）微震事件及岩爆分布呈区域性集结特点,其中一部分岩爆发生于微震事件集结区内部,另一部分岩爆发生于微震事件集结区边缘,这是岩体破坏过程中所固有的现象,与微震事件集结区边缘局部应力集中密切相关。 相似文献
18.
《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(15):1765-1784
In this paper a fully probabilistic approach based on the Bayesian statistical method is presented to predict ground settlements in both transverse and longitudinal directions during gradual excavation of a tunnel. To that end, the convergence confinement method is adopted to give estimates of ground deformation numerically. Together with in situ measurements of the evolution of vertical deflections at selected points along the tunnel line, it allows for the construction of a likelihood function and consequently in the framework of Bayesian inference to provide posterior improved knowledge of model parameters entering the numerical analysis. In this regard, the Bayesian updating is first exploited in the material identification step and next used to yield predictions of ground settlement in sections along the tunnel line ahead of the tunnel face. This methodology thus makes it possible to improve original designs by utilizing an increasing number of data (measurements) collected in the course of tunnel construction. 相似文献
19.
Chen Bin Ren Qingyang Wang Feifei Zhao Yicong Liu Chunduo 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(7):5007-5019
In order to obtain the characteristics of in-situ stress field of deep buried tunnel in complex geological environment, the Taoziya tunnel is used as a background project. A three-dimensional numerical model is established by combining with a variety of software. The in-situ stress field is inversed by multiple regression method and FLAC3D software, the distribution characteristics of the in-situ stress field near the tunnel fault zone are analyzed. Research shows that the maximum thermal stress of the rock mass on the axis of the Taoziya tunnel reaches 9.53 MPa, which is about 38.98% of the self-weight stress. The inversion error considering high ground temperature is generally less than 10%, which is more accurate than the result without considering high ground temperature. The maximum stress of the footwall of the Taoziya tunnel is 25.78 MPa, and there is a risk of high in-situ stress. The fault has a great disturbance to the in-situ stress field, the maximum in-situ stress of the footwall is about 1.5 times that of the hanging wall. In the fault-affected zone, the stress increases by 5%–49% near the hanging wall and decreases by 28%–45% near the footwall. The maximum shear stress in the plane of tunnel axis is about 6.44 MPa, and shear failure may occur after the tunnel is excavated. The research results prove the rationality and necessity of considering the influence of temperature in the inversion of in-situ stress, and provide reference for the research, design and construction of similar projects.
相似文献20.
隧道衬砌冻胀压力问题研究 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
冻胀压力的量值和分布不仅取决于围岩的性态和气象条件,而且同衬砌结构的材料、刚度以及施工质量密切相关,从岩石和土层两种围岩中衬砌承受冻胀压力的机理出发,探讨其计算方法.通过计算分析,对寒冷地区隧道衬砌的设计和施工提出了若干建议. 相似文献