共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
When evaluating the long-term stability of existing tunnels, the creep behavior of soft rock around the tunnel should be properly considered. It is also important to understand the failure mechanism of soft rock when designing the mitigation and remediation of the failure around a tunnel. In this paper, an elasto-viscoplastic model is first modified so that the overconsolidation effect and the structure effect of soft rock can be considered. Then, the performance of the modified model is confirmed with drained triaxial compression tests and creep tests on a manmade rock produced with gypsum and diatom clay. Based on the modified model, finite element analyses are conducted to simulate the model tests of an existing tunnel constructed within manmade rock. Two kinds of model tests are simulated: one is loading failure test and the other creep failure test. The good agreement between the numerical results and the test data validates the performance of the modified constitutive model and the applicability of the corresponding FEM for evaluating the creep failure behavior of an existed tunnel constructed in soft rock. 相似文献
2.
3.
高应力软岩巷道围岩与支护结构相互作用分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于Mohr-Coulomb应变软化模型,将收敛-约束法应用于高应力软岩巷道围岩-支护相互作用分析中,构建典型支护结构特征曲线。以FLAC3D数值模拟软件为工具,分析应变软化模型、剪胀角及不同巷道断面类型对围岩-支护相互作用的影响,并对支护系统稳定性进行评价。研究结果表明：考虑应变软化行为的围岩所需支护压力与Mohr-Coulomb模型计算结果相差较大,剪胀角对围岩应力释放过程及围岩-支护相互作用影响较小,巷道不同断面形式及断面不同位置点围岩所需支护压力有一定差异性;初期支护系统的稳定性是围岩与支护系统最终稳定的关键,采用收敛-约束法评价高应力软岩巷道初期支护系统的稳定性,对高应力软岩巷道的支护结构设计及施工具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
4.
目前能合理模拟软岩流变效应的相似材料很少,而采用模型试验法研究软岩工程的长期流变效应也处于探索阶段。为给软岩流变模型试验提供合适的相似材料,研制出一种以铁粉、重晶石粉和石英砂为骨料,松香酒精溶液为胶结剂,液压油为黏滞剂的软岩流变相似材料。该相似材料强度低,流变性强,不仅可模拟软岩的瞬时弹塑性性质,也能较好模拟软岩的流变特性。假定骨料比例恒定,调节松香酒精溶液浓度m和液压油含量w,开展了一系列梯度配比试验。研究表明：（1）该相似材料的主要瞬时强度变形参数和西原模型流变参数均受m和w两因素的双重影响;（2）松香酒精溶液浓度越大,试样强度越大,流变性越小;（3）液压油含量越大,试样强度越小,流变性越明显;（4）相比松香酒精溶液浓度m,液压油含量w对西原模型各参数的影响更大,起主控作用。最终,将该相似材料应用于神华新街软弱砂质泥岩煤矿盾构斜井的长期流变模型试验中,试验结果表明：该材料瞬时力学性能和流变特性均达到试验要求,为试验取得良好结果提供了材料保证。 相似文献
5.
硅藻质软岩的三维弹粘塑性模型分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
基于Perzyna的弹粘塑性理论的基本假设、粘塑性流动法则及殷建华和Graham的三维弹粘塑性模型,得出了在三轴应力状态下的本构关系表达式。殷建华和Graham的模型提出了“等效时间”,“瞬时时间线”,“参考时间线”,“极限时间线”等一系列新的概念。用三轴应力状态下的本构关系表达式对软岩的固结不排水三轴剪切试验进行了模拟计算,并与试验结果进行了比较。结果表明：数值模拟计算结果与试验结果几乎一致。该模型简单、实用、精度较高,可以模拟硅藻质软岩材料与时间有关的应力-应变关系、孔隙水压力与应变的关系,以及有效应力路径等。 相似文献
6.
为了研究土体结构破坏对软黏土一维变形的时效特性的影响,在Bjerrum的等时间线体系基础上,提出了等黏塑性应变率线等黏塑性应变率线概念,建立了非结构性软黏土的一维弹黏塑性模型;为了描述土体结构渐进破坏特征,定义了结构性参数--结构应变,在非结构性模型的基础上推导了结构性软黏土一维弹黏塑性模型;讨论了通过试验法直接确定模型参数的方法,并利用新建模型对温州天然软黏土的一维常规压缩试验、天然Ariake 黏土的分级快速固结试验、结构性Berthierville黏土的一维等应变率压缩试验及长期蠕变试验进行模拟。模拟与试验结果的对比表明,该模型能较好地描述结构性软黏土一维压缩变形的时效特征。 相似文献
7.
The creep degradation is a common phenomenon for soft structured clays. In this paper, the creep degradation behavior for soft structured clays is first studied by combining intrinsic creep behavior and the structure indicator. A creep-implicit model and a creep-explicit model corresponding to a stress-based and a creep-based structure indicators are developed, respectively, under one-dimensional condition. Parameters determination for both models is straightforward from oedometer tests. Coupled with consolidation theory, both models are used to simulate oedometer tests with different structural levels and load durations on three clays. The predictive ability of the two models on creep behavior, creep degradation behavior and evolution of structure indicator is analyzed. The relationship between the two structure indicators is discussed based on experimental results. The comparison between experimental and numerical results demonstrates that both models can accurately describe the creep degradation behavior of soft structured clay under one-dimensional loading. 相似文献
8.
软弱结构面的蠕变特性是岩体重要力学特性之一,其蠕变特性常控制着岩体的蠕变变形和长期强度。软弱结构面中充填物的含水率是影响其蠕变特性的重要因素之一,通过开展不同含水率砂岩软弱结构面剪切蠕变试验,得到了具不同含水率的砂岩软弱结构面剪切蠕变试验曲线。基于得到的剪切蠕变试验曲线,分析了含水率对软弱结构面剪切蠕变特性及长期抗剪强度的影响规律。最后通过模型辨识,采用改进的粘弹塑性模型来描述考虑含水率变化的砂岩软弱结构面蠕变特性。 相似文献
9.
缓倾软硬岩互层边坡变形破坏机制模型试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以宜巴高速公路沿途彭家湾软硬岩互层边坡为工程依托,依据地质分析及相似理论建立缓倾软硬岩互层边坡室内模型,采用开挖试验及和注水软化试验来模拟实际中的工程开挖（或河谷下切）和雨水浸润软化过程,研究缓倾软硬岩互层边坡的变形破坏机制。结果表明：在开挖及雨水软化两种工况下,该类软硬岩互层边坡的变形模式都是前期的滑移拉裂变形和后期的整体蠕滑变形,破坏模式是以深部软层为滑动面的整体滑移;硬岩层与软岩层的变形情况略有不同,硬岩层以整体蠕滑变形为主,而软岩层以滑移拉裂变形为主;深部软岩层的状态变化对边坡的整体稳定性影响非常关键;工程开挖（河谷下切）及雨水入渗都会对该类缓倾软硬岩互层边坡的稳定性有重要影响,开挖导致的临空面及微裂隙是滑坡发生的基础,水是滑坡发生的条件和诱因。 相似文献
10.
In this paper, a simple bounding surface plasticity model is used to reproduce the yielding and stress–strain behavior of the structured soft clay found at Shanghai of China. A series of undrained triaxial tests and drained stress probe tests under isotropic and anisotropic consolidation modes were performed on undisturbed samples of Shanghai soft clay to study the yielding characteristics. The degradation of the clay structure is modeled with an internal variable that allows the size of the bounding surface to decay with accumulated plastic strain. An anisotropic tensor and rotational hardening law are introduced to reflect the initial anisotropy and the evolution of anisotropy. Combined with the isotropic hardening rule, the rotational hardening rule and the degradation law are incorporated into the bounding surface formulation with an associated flow rule. Validity of the model is verified by the undrained isotropic and anisotropic triaxial test and drained stress probe test results for Shanghai soft clay. The effects of stress anisotropy and loss of structure are well captured by the model. 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
煤矿的深度开挖、核废料的地下储存和能量桩的广泛应用等诸多的岩土工程问题都需要考虑温度对软岩力学特性的影响。为了能较为全面地描述软岩的力学特性,基于上下负荷加载面,引入温度等价应力的概念,在tij应力空间下构建了一个可同时考虑温度效应、中间主应力影响、结构性、超固结性等软岩力学特性的弹塑性本构模型。新模型的所有参数都具有明确的物理含义。通过理论曲线与试验结果进行对比,验证了所提本构模型的正确性。最后通过改变模型参数,对新本构模型的性能进行了分析讨论。计算结果表明：（1）增大超固结比发展控制参数m或者减小结构状态发展控制参数m*,将会提升软岩的剪切强度。（2）随着温度的上升,软岩的剪切强度反而减弱。（3）初始的超固结比越大,软岩的剪胀特性更明显;而初始的结构性较大时,其体积应变在剪切的最后阶段表现为剪缩。 相似文献
14.
相似模型试验是研究红层软岩工程性质的重要手段之一,其试验结果的可靠性依赖于相似材料的正确选择与合理配比。针对红层软岩遇水极易软化的特性,在传统相似材料配比基础上添加生石灰,采用正交设计方法开展了相似材料配比试验,以骨料中铁粉与钡粉质量比例、铁粉与钡粉总质量中铁粉的质量比例、石膏质量、生石灰质量为4个因素,每个因素设置了5个取值水平,共制作25组、610个试样。每组试样均测试了其软化系数、密度、无侧限单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度及黏聚力与内摩擦角等物理力学参数,并研究了这些参数随上述4个因素取值水平的不同而变化的规律。最后,基于上述结果,配制了3种典型的软岩相似材料,并分别开展了真实软岩材料的饱水软化平行对比试验。研究结果表明：（1）根据配比方案所配相似材料物理力学参数可基本满足软岩相似模型试验的要求;（2）相似材料物理力学参数变化规律明显,便于通过调节其配比模拟不同软岩材料;（3）三组对比试验中相似材料饱水软化系数与真实软岩具有较高吻合度。 相似文献
15.
岩石模拟是岩土工程模型试验、地质岩芯模拟试验等研究的核心。但目前基于人工材料的模拟制备受限于现有相似理论与技术手段,成岩结果与实际岩性差异较大,特别是软岩的成型模拟问题尤为突出。以天然红层材料为原料,改进传统的成岩模拟系统,考虑成岩过程中温度、孔隙流体压力及上覆压力的分阶段影响,模拟红层软岩从松散岩土颗粒到岩石的形成过程,得到工程标准尺寸软岩岩芯。通过与天然红层软岩进行成岩过程、物理性质、化学性质及力学性质的对比研究表明,以天然红层为原料的软岩岩芯与天然红层软岩性质相似。该研究突破了人工材料配制、3D打印等方法一般只能满足某一方面性质的局限,为大量不同功能需求的软岩岩芯研究提供了新的制作思路与方法。 相似文献
16.
Dense sands, overconsolidated clays and soft rocks exhibit strain-hardening and strain-softening behaviour in a certain range of confining pressure. The aim of the present paper is to construct a constitutive model of soft rock that can describe not only the strain-hardening behaviour, but also the strain-softening behaviour. An elasto-plastic constitutive model for soft rock is derived by introducing a stress history tensor 1 The preliminary idea was first reported in the reference, the conference paper16. This paper is a complete version of the theory with interpretations and experimental validations . The model is evaluated through a comparison of the calculated results and the experimental results of tests on sedimentary soft rock (porous tuff). In addition, the applicability of the model to numerical analyses is discussed in relation to the uniqueness of the solution in initial and boundary value problems. 相似文献
17.
18.
为了探究含软、硬两种岩性碎块石土石混合体的变形破坏过程与力学性质,发展了一种基于软硬石模板库的土石混合体建模方法。通过在PFC2D中建立符合原位结构特征的软硬石模板库,利用此模板库生成了不同含石量土石混合体颗粒流模型,对土石混合体进行了单轴压缩颗粒流模拟。结果表明：土石混合体破坏始于土-石接触面,土石介质分离大多因剪切破坏导致,加载前期微裂纹迅速增长,中、后期微裂纹增长速率减缓,但宏观变形渐趋显著;随着含石量的增加,土石混合体单轴抗压强度逐渐降低,块石的转动与侧向移动会加剧土石混合体的整体破坏;相同含石量下,随着软石比例的增加,单轴抗压强度呈下降趋势,试验后试样破裂率与单个软石颗粒的破裂程度均保持在较高水平,软石颗粒破裂是引起土石混合体单轴抗压强度降低的重要原因。 相似文献
19.
深部层状节理岩体分区破裂模型试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着地下工程开挖深度的增加,深部洞室围岩将产生不同于浅部洞室的分区破裂现象。为深入研究深部岩体分区破裂现象的形成机制和影响因素,以淮南矿区丁集煤矿的深部巷道为工程背景,利用模型相似材料和高地应力真三维加载模型试验系统,首次开展了带有软弱夹层的层状节理岩体的真三维地质力学模型试验。结果表明：（1）在满足一定应力条件下,带有软弱夹层的层状节理试验模型出现明显的分区破裂现象;（2）软弱夹层是影响层状节理岩体分区破裂现象的重要因素,在相同的应力条件下,软弱夹层使得巷道围岩的径向位移和应变明显增加;并且软弱夹层的间距越小,洞周破裂区的层数越多,范围越大;（3）洞周破裂区的形状近似为圆形,与是否存在软弱夹层及软弱夹层间距均无关。模型试验结果有效揭示了分区破裂的影响因素,为深入研究高地应力深部岩体的非线性变形破坏特征奠定了坚实的试验基础。 相似文献
20.
Brittleness Effect on Rock Fatigue Damage Evolution 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The damage evolution mechanism of rocks is one of the most important aspects in studying of rock fatigue behavior. Fatigue damage evolution of three rock types (onyx marble, sandstone and soft limestone) with different brittleness were considered in the present study. Intensive experimental tests were conducted on the chosen rock samples and acoustic emission (AE) sensors were used in some of them to monitor the fracturing process. Experimental tests indicated that brittleness strongly influences damage evolution of rocks in the course of static and dynamic loading. AE monitoring revealed that micro-crack density induced by the applied loads during different stages of the failure processes increases as rock brittleness increases. Also, results of fatigue tests on the three rock types indicated that the rock with the most induced micro-cracks during loading cycles has the least fatigue life. Furthermore, the condition of failure surfaces of the studied rocks samples, subjected to dynamic and static loading, were evaluated and it was concluded that the roughness of failure surfaces is influenced by loading types and rock brittleness. Dynamic failure surfaces were rougher than static ones and low brittle rock demonstrate a smoother failure surface compared to high brittle rock. 相似文献