共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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福建明溪蓝宝石矿物学特征及致色机理探讨 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
利用颜色测量、顺磁共振谱、红外光谱和热谱等方法研究明溪蓝宝石的矿物学特征和结构特性，明溪蓝宝石色深，蓝中带黄，二色性强，分析表明Fe主要以Fe^3 形式存在，Fe^3 的d-d电子跃迁和Fe^2 -Ti^4 、O-Fe境塌菏转移是明溪蓝宝石致色的主要因素；H含量对蓝色的形成有重要作用。 相似文献
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理想晶体（包括蓝宝石）的颜色与占据其晶格的微量过渡金属元素的种类及含量有直接的关系。玄武岩产状的蓝宝石中含有多种微量元素，这些元素是蓝宝石致色的直接因素。本文通过研究发现，每种微量元素均对可见光的特定波段产生不同程度的吸收，其中，Fe^3 ,Si^4 是使蓝宝石呈现蓝色的主要离子，Cr^3 离子可使蓝宝石呈橙和绿色，Mn^4 离子可使蓝宝石呈黄色，Co^2 离子也可使蓝宝石呈蓝色。本文还做出了蓝宝石中每种微量元素对可见光的特征吸收图即波长－吸收系数图，与分子轨道理论值吻合，把蓝宝石中各离子对可见光的吸收位置和相对吸收强度统一起来。 相似文献
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蓝色刚玉的致色改色理论分析常晓涛郑辙郑海飞（北京大学地质学系，北京１００８７１）关键词蓝宝石致色机理改色实验本文立足于原有蓝宝石的致色改色理论，通过实验及计算，对蓝宝石改色致色进行了基础性的理论研究，提出了杂质离子缺陷致色新认识，并以这一认识为原理，... 相似文献
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通过对摸莫隆花岗岩中铁叶云母的矿物学研究，可得出如下结论：①可利用铁叶云母中的化学成分及H2O^＋，F^-,Cl^-来表征岩浆期后热液的性质和成岩成矿条件；②穆斯堡尔谱证实有3345%的Fe^3 进入四面体，并据此修正铁叶云母的晶体化学经验式；③Fe^2 的I.S，Q.S值与Fe/(Fe Mg)呈正相关，可定性反映其形成时温度和fo2;④Fe^2 在M1，M2晶位上的有序度能反映岩浆结晶温度高低和冷却速度快慢；⑤铁叶云母b0值大小主要与Fe^3 多少有关；⑥根据铁叶云母的化学成分判断措莫隆花岗岩属于含锡花岗岩；⑦根据铁叶云母的红外光谱及差热分析特征判断措莫隆花岗岩属于壳源型岩浆成因。 相似文献
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蓝宝石改色的原理及方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文概述了蓝宝石改色的原理及方法.蓝宝石的改色从根本上来说就是改变致色粒子的含量和价态.基于这个原理,蓝宝石的热处理主要通过以下三个途径实现颜色的改变:(l)氧扩散;每一个特定的体系都有一平衡氧分压P_0,当体系中氧的浓度高时,氧分压P＞P_0,则环境为氧化,多余的氧将进入晶体;相反P＜P_0,环境为还原,晶体中的氧将进入环境.(2)Fe_(2+)、Fe~(3+)、Ti~(3+)‘Ti~(4+)的价志改变:通过改变环境的氧化-还原环境,使其晶体中的致色粒子的价态比值接近于最佳蓝色值.当环境为弱还原环境时,能加深蓝宝石的蓝色:当环境为氧化时,能淡化蓝色甚至消除蓝色.(3)把形成颜色或星光的杂质通过扩散进入刚玉晶体. 相似文献
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Mg-Fe电气石的热膨胀与相变 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对Mg-Fe系列的两种电气石进行了不同温度下的热膨胀与相变研究，发现电气石在900℃以下保持稳定，900－950℃分解，镁电气石分解为堇青石－α与非晶质，黑电气石分解为赤铁矿与Al5(BO3)O6。加热过程中电气石晶胞大小发生变化，是晶体热膨胀与Fe^2 →Fe^3 替代、OH^-→O^2-替代综合作用的结果。在含Fe的电气石中，晶胞收缩幅度取决于电气石中Fe^2 的含量；800℃时，Fe^2 完全氧化，表面赤铁矿晶出，晶胞收缩显著。电气石的热膨胀率为锂电气石＞镁电气石＞黑电气石；c轴＞a轴。 相似文献
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为了了解马达加斯加蓝色蓝宝石的颜色特征,采用GemDialogue颜色系统对其进行了描述与分级。对比世界上主要产地（澳大利亚、斯里兰卡、柬埔塞、缅甸）蓝宝石的颜色特征发现,马达加斯加蓝色蓝宝石样品的黑色罩过高,使得其最终的颜色等级大多在1～4范围内,属于“商业级”。为了进一步确定马达加斯加蓝色蓝宝石样品的颜色特征及其与全Fe,Ti质量分数的关系,采用紫外一可见光分光光度计和电子探针测试了样品。结果显示,随着全Fe与Ti质量分数的增加,样品的蓝色加深;当蓝宝石样品中全Fe的质量分数为0．02％～0．75％、Ti的质量分数为0．006%～O．040％且其全Fe与Ti质量分数比值为10～30时,蓝宝石样品的颜色为纯正蓝色;当超出此范围时,蓝宝石样品通常含有绿色或紫色色调。 相似文献
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福建明溪蓝宝石的谱学特征及颜色成因 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
采用颜色测量、紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱等方法对福建明溪蓝宝石进行的研究表明,明溪蓝宝石颜色蓝中带黄,二色性强。紫外-可见吸收光谱中377,388和451nm吸收带较强。这些吸收带是Fe3 的d－d和Fe3 —Fe3 ,交换相合离子间的电子跃迁引起的。810nm带存在于各色蓝宝石中,强度变化较大,有时伴随有510nm吸收带。它是由Fe2 —Fe3 电荷转移形成的。570nm吸收带只出现在蓝色或绿色的蓝宝石中。结合蓝宝石红外33loom－‘吸收带与宝石颜色之间的关系,笔者将570nm吸收带归属于H、Fe、Ti构成的致色缺陷团。这一研究结果对蓝宝石呈色机理的进一步研究和宝石的合成等具有重要意义。 相似文献
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山东蓝色蓝宝石的着色是由Ｔｉ４＋离子与Ｆｅ２＋离子合理配比而成，一般控制在Ｔｉ４＋／Ｆｅ２＋＝１的配比范围内。多余的Ｆｅ２＋和其它Ｆｅ３＋离子存在都不利于蓝色蓝宝石正常呈色。通过穆斯堡尔谱和电子顺磁共振谱分析，测定了山东蓝宝石中铁离子的不同价态和浓度。对Ｆｅ２＋和Ｆｅ３＋离子所引起的吸收光谱特征作了研究，查明只有Ｆｅ３＋浓度很高时才产生４７７ｎｍ吸收峰，是致使山东蓝宝石表观上呈深蓝带黑色调的的重要原因。 相似文献
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F. L. Sutherland K. Zaw S. Meffre G. Giuliani A. E. Fallick I. T. Graham 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(7):1003-1022
Gem corundum, a minor but persistent megacryst in east Australian basalt fields, is mined from some placer concentrations. Laser ablation, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses and O isotope determinations on a colour range of corundum from different fields, show that chromophore (Fe, Cr, Ti, V) and genetic indicator (Ga, Mg, δ18O) values can distinguish corundum sources (magmatic, metamorphic and metasomatic) before basalt incorporation. They also characterise corundum groups from different fields. This identified two metamorphic groups, one carrying ruby at Barrington Tops, and a magmatic group distinct from those from other gem fields (lower Fe, northeast Tasmania; higher Fe, Yarrowitch). Ruby-bearing groups show clear provincial characteristics and include lower temperature spinel-facies groups (Barrington, Yarrowitch) and higher temperature garnet-facies groups (Cudgegong–Macquarie River). High Mg/Fe and Ni values in the latter approach those for corundum in diamond, and are a possible diamond indicator. The corundum derived from diverse fold-belt and felsic sources in underlying lithosphere forms a dataset for comparing corundum from other basalt fields. 相似文献
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福建明溪天然蓝宝石在氩气气氛中的改色实验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
明溪天然蓝宝石主要呈色元素为Fe和Ti，颜色常带有黄、绿或紫色调，颜色不纯正。在温度为1300℃，环境为氩气气氛中进行热处理后，可消除蓝宝石中原来存在的杂色调，使颜色向纯蓝色方向变化。本文还对热处理后蓝宝石的光吸收港及颜色变化机理进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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Orissa is an important area for gem variety of corundum deposits in India. Spectroscopic studies, such as ESR, OAS on samples from Sardapur, Orissa, were carried out to ascertain the colour cause of corundum. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopic study was carried out on the samples to detect the presence of paramagnetic ions i.e. Fe2+, Fe3+, Ti4+, Cr3+ and V3+ etc. The variable temperature experiment carried out to observe the effect of heating on peak valence state change in paramagnetic ions. Samples were cut and polished to obtain the optical absorption spectrum (OAS) to detect the colour causing transition ions/defect centres. The samples of gem variety were step heated up to 300°C for colour enhancement studies. EPMA analysis has revealed the low chromium concentration in the rubies. The varying hues of red in the corundum are due to the presence of bivalent and trivalent iron and charge transfer process along with Cr3+ absorption in the 550 nm region. 相似文献
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Orange, ochre-coloured, light green and dark blue varieties of kyanite, ideally Al2SiO5, from Loliondo, Tanzania, have been characterised by electron microprobe analysis and polarised infrared and optical absorption spectroscopy. All colour varieties show elevated Fe contents of 0.39 to 1.31 wt.% FeO, but Ti contents only in the range of the EMP detection limit. Orange and ochre-coloured crystals have Mn contents of 0.23 and 0.06 wt.% MnO, respectively, the dark blue kyanite contains 0.28 wt.% Cr2O3, while the light green sample is nearly free from transition metal cations other than Fe. Polarised infrared spectra reveal OH defect concentrations of 3 to 17 wt.ppm H2O with structural OH defects partially replacing the OB (O2) oxygen atoms. Polarised optical absorption spectra show that the colour of all four varieties is governed by crystal field d-d transitions of trivalent cations, i.e. Fe3+ (all samples), Mn3+ (orange and ochre) and Cr3+ (blue kyanite), replacing Al in sixfold coordinated triclinic sites of the kyanite structure. Intervalence charge transfer, the prevalent colour-inducing mechanism in ‘usual’ (Cr-poor) blue kyanites, seems to play a very minor, if any, role in the present samples. Crystal field calculations in both a ‘classic’ tetragonal and in the semiempirical Superposition Model approach, accompanied by distance- and angle-least-squares refinements, indicate that Fe3+ preferably occupies the Al4 site, Cr3+ prefers the Al1 and Al2 sites, and Mn3+ predominantly enters the Al1 site. In each case specific local relaxation effects were observed according to the crystal chemical preferences of these transition metal cations. Furthermore, the high values obtained in the calculations for the interelectronic repulsion parameter Racah B correspond to a high ionic contribution to Me3+–O bonding in the kyanite structure. In the particular case of the blue sample, band positions specifically related to the high Racah B value enable this ‘unusual’ type of blue colouration of kyanite solely due to Cr3+ cations. 相似文献
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Determination of Fe3+ and Fe2+ concentrations in feldspar by optical absorption and EPR spectroscopy
Ferrous and ferric iron concentrations in feldspars with low total iron content (<0.32 wt% total Fe) were determined from optical and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra to better than ±15 percent of the amount present. Optical spectra indicate that Fe2+ occupies two distorted M-sites in plagioclases of intermediate structural state. The linear dependence of the Fe2+/Fe total ratio on An content demonstrates that Fe2+ substitutes for Ca (not Na) so that the number of Ca-sites is a principal factor in iron partitioning in plagioclase. EPR powder spectra show that the number of sites for Fe3+ depends on structural state rather than on plagioclase chemistry. The observed linear correspondence of EPR double-integrated intensities with optical peak areas shows that all Fe3+ is tetrahedrally coordinated in both plagioclase and disordered potassium feldspar. Microcline perthites show, in addition to tetrahedral Fe3+, a signal due to axially coordinated ferric iron, which we associate with formation of hematite inclusions. 相似文献