共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
近江牡蛎肠道细菌及其产酶能力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从近江牡蛎肠道中分离出21株菌，其中，9株为革兰阳性菌，12株革兰阴性菌。为寻找能分泌多种酶的有益微生物，研究了它们蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶的产酶能力。结果表明，有61．9％的菌株能分泌蛋白酶或淀粉酶(各有13株菌)；有52．4％的菌株能分泌脂肪酶(11株菌)；有33．3％的菌株能产纤维素酶(7株菌)。在这21株菌中，产4种酶的有5株菌，产3种酶的3株菌，产两种酶的5株菌，产1种酶的3株菌，不产酶的仅有5株菌。不产酶的菌株仅占细菌总数的23．8％，而各种产酶菌则高达76．2％，由此表明细菌在近江牡蛎对食饵消化过程的重要性。 相似文献
2.
为了解九孔鲍养殖环境中细菌生理菌群的生态作用,对分离自养殖水体的33株菌株的产酶能力和种类进行了研究。结果表明,具有分泌胞外蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶能力的菌株分别为39.4%、57.6%和30.3%;在这33株菌中,产至少一种胞外酶的菌株比例高达63.6%。API鉴定结果表明,在有能力分泌胞外蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶的菌株中,弧菌菌群所占的比例分别为46%、42%和40%,而其中河流弧菌又占各弧菌菌群比例的83.3%、62.5%和100%。充分阐明弧菌,尤其是河流弧菌为优势菌,在鲍鱼养殖微生物态中起的重要作用。 相似文献
3.
九孔鲍养殖水体中产酶菌群的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解九孔鲍养殖环境中细菌生理菌群的生态作用，对分离自养殖水体的33株菌株的产酶能力和种类进行了研究。结果表明，具有分泌胞外蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶能力的菌株分别为39．4％、57．6％和30．3％；在这33株菌中，产至少一种胞外酶的菌株比例高达63．6％。API鉴定结果表明，在有能力分泌胞外蛋白酶、脂肪酶和纤维素酶的菌株中，弧菌菌群所占的比例分别为46％、42％和40％，而其中河流弧菌又占各弧菌菌群比例的83．3％、62.5％和100％。充分阐明弧菌，尤其是河流弧菌为优势菌，在鲍鱼养殖微生物态中起的重要作用。 相似文献
4.
用对虾饲料培养基从健康凡纳滨对虾肠道分离出500株黏附细菌,以产淀粉酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶能力为指标,筛选出产该3种消化酶的细菌90株,占总菌株的18%.对其中生长较快的69株进行16S rDNA 基因测序,确定其分类地位.结果显示,69株菌分别属于不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、嗜盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、利斯顿氏菌属(Listonella)、莫拉氏菌属(Moraxella)等,其中数量最多是芽胞杆菌属,占鉴定细菌总数的53.62%,数量最少是气单胞菌属和嗜盐单胞菌属,均占鉴定细菌总数的2.90%.表明对虾肠道黏附菌群中具有较多能分泌多种消化酶的细菌,可进一步开发为促进对虾消化功能的益生菌 相似文献
5.
芽孢杆菌胞外产物的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
芽孢杆菌大多能分泌高活性的胞外产物(extracellular products),如蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶等水解酶和果胶酶、葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶等分解植物性饵料中非淀粉多糖的酶类[1]. 相似文献
6.
从新鲜近江牡蛎中分离到一株拮抗细菌,命名为ZH1-6,该菌对金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型副伤寒沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌等多种病原菌有较强的抑制作用。通过形态学观察、常规生理生化指标测定、16SrDNA序列测定和同源性分析,鉴定该菌株为短小芽孢杆菌。研究表明:ZH1-6能利用多种碳、氮源,其生长温度范围为10-50℃,生长pH范围为pH3-10,最适初始pH为6.0。 相似文献
7.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(4)
测定一株纳豆芽孢杆菌(LBD-3)的耐高温、耐酸、耐胆盐和耐人工胃液能力,以及该菌株发酵饲料的p H、淀粉酶、蛋白酶和纤维酶酶活性。结果表明:该菌株对100℃下10 min处理、p H为2水溶液和人工胃液有较强的耐受能力,但在1~5 g/L胆盐环境中存活率低;经其发酵的饲料p H显著降低(P0.05),淀粉酶活性在第7和第15天分别增加6%和20%,而蛋白酶活性则分别增加68%和370%,纤维素酶活性分别提高38%和200%。纳豆芽孢杆菌是较为理想的饲料添加剂用有益微生物,耐受胆盐应作为育种方向。 相似文献
8.
芽孢杆菌胞外产物的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
芽孢杆菌大多能分泌高活性的胞外产物（extracellular products），如蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶等水解酶和果胶酶、葡聚糖酶、纤维素酶等分解植物性饵料中非淀粉多糖的酶类。近年来芽孢杆菌被作为益生菌广泛应用于水产养殖业，它可提高养殖对虾的消化机能，促进其对营养物质的吸收，同时还可降解水体中的有机碎屑，将之迅速转化为无机物，从而有效地促进养殖水体中生态良性循环；还有报道芽孢杆菌能分泌一些抗菌类物质，抑制部分病原菌，提高机体的免疫力。在微生物工业生产中芽孢杆菌也常用于生产某些酶制剂，为满足生产的需要，学者多将芽孢杆菌胞外产物中的某一特定成分进行提纯分析。笔者就芽孢杆菌胞外产物中的一些主要成分的研究进展作一系统综述。 相似文献
9.
拮抗香蕉枯萎病菌海洋细菌的筛选和鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从93份中国南部海域近海海泥样品中分离出1800多株海洋细菌,以对峙培养法,测定海洋细菌对香蕉枯萎菌的拮抗作用,再以琼脂划线培养法(agar streak)测定菌株的抑菌活性,结果表明:约55.6%的菌株对香蕉枯萎菌有一定的拮抗作用,其中58株菌株抑制香蕉枯萎菌生长所形成的抑菌带宽度大于10.0mm,抑菌作用较好,复筛后其中13个菌株形成的抑菌带宽在15.0mm以上。经反复转接和对峙培养,筛选出拮抗效果好、抑菌活性稳定的菌株TC-1,初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌属的细菌,TC-1对14种病原微生物都有较好的抑菌效果。 相似文献
10.
为研究生物酶采油解堵剂中产蛋白酶菌株的初、复筛选及培养条件优化,从大庆原油样品中筛选菌种,通过水解酪素的透明圈实验及福林酚测蛋白酶酶活的方法进行菌株的初、复筛选;以蛋白酶酶活为优化指标,采用单因素实验对筛选的产蛋白酶菌株的培养基及培养条件进行优化,优化最适培养基:可溶性淀粉为15g/L,蛋白胨为20g/L,酵母膏为20g/L,NaCl为1.0g/L,CaCl2为0.02g/L,Na2HPO4为0.2g/L,NaH2PO4为0.1g/L;在初始pH为6.0、接种量为5%(体积分数)、温度为31℃、摇床转速为160r/min的条件下,培养72h后,菌株的蛋白酶酶活为551.0U/mL,为复筛选菌株的蛋白酶酶活的22.92倍,即为菌株生长繁殖及代谢的最佳条件,能够获得更高的蛋白酶酶活,有利于后续实验的进行.结果表明:菌株产蛋白酶对原油作用效果为发酵液表面张力从作用前的56.2mN/m降低到作用后的30.5mN/m,表面张力显著降低,还有降解降黏原油等效果,具有一定的研究价值. 相似文献
11.
Extracellular enzymatic activities of cold-adapted bacteria from polar oceans and effect of temperature and salinity on cell growth 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The potential of 324 bacteria isolated from different habitats in polar oceans to produce a variety of extracellular enzymatic activities at low temperature was investigated. By plate assay, lipase, protease, amylase, gelatinase, agarase, chitinase or cellulase were detected. Lipases were generally present by bacteria living in polar oceans. Protease-producing bacteria held the second highest proportion in culturable isolates. Strains producing amylase kept a relative stable proportion of around 30% in different polar marine habitats. All 50 Arctic sea-ice bacteria producing proteases were cold-adapted strains, however, only 20% were psychrophilic. 98% of them could grow at 3% NaCl, and 56% could grow without NaCl. On the other hand, 98% of these sea-ice bacteria produced extracellular proteases with optimum temperature at or higher than 35℃, well above the upper temperature limit of cell growth. Extracellular enzymes including amylase, agarase, cellulase and lipase released by bacteria from seawater or sediment in polar oceans, most expressed maximum activities between 25 and 35℃. Among extracellular enzymes released by bacterial strain BSw20308, protease expressed maximum activity at 40℃, higher than 35℃ of polysaccharide hydrolases and 25℃ of lipase. 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(1)
Gut microorganisms play an important role in the digestion of their host animals. The purpose of this research was to isolate and assess the enzyme-producing microbes from the Apostichopus japonicus gut. Thirty-nine strains that can produce at least one of the three digestive enzymes(protease,amylase,and cellulase) were qualitatively screened based on their extracellular enzyme-producing abilities. The enzyme-producing strains clustered into eight groups at the genetic similarity level of 100% by analyzing the restriction patterns of 16 S rDNA amplified with Mbo I. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 37 strains belonged to the genus Bacillus and two were members of the genus Virgibacillus. Enzyme-producing capability results indicate that the main enzyme-producing microflora in the A. japonicus gut was Bacillus,which can produce protease,amylase,and cellulase. Virgibacillus,however,can only produce protease. The high enzyme-producing capability of the isolates suggests that the gut microbiota play an important role in the sea cucumber digestive process. 相似文献
13.
Totally more than 500 yeast strains were isolated from seawater, sea sediments, mud of sea salterns, marine fish guts and marine algae. The results of routine and molecular biology identification methods show that nine strains among these marine yeasts belong to Aureobasidium pullulans, although the morphologies of their colonies are very different. The marine yeasts isolated from different marine environments indicate that A. pullulans is widely distributed in different environmental conditions. These Aureobasidium pullulans strains include A. pullulans 4#2, A. pullulans N13d, A. pullulans HN3-11, A. pullulans HN2-3, A. pullulans JHSc,A. pullulans HN4.7, A. pullulans HN5.3, A. pullulans HN6.2 and A. pullulans W13a. A. pullulans 4#2 could produce cellulase and single cell protein. A. pullulans N13d could produce protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase. Both A. pullulans HN3-11 and A. pullulans HN2-3 were able to produce protease, lipase and cellulase. A. pullulans JHSc could secrete cellulase and killer toxin. Both A.pullulans HN4.7 and A. pullulans HN5.3 could yield lipase and cellulase. A. pullulans W13a was able to secrete extracellular amylase and cellulase while A. pullulans HN4.7 and A. pullulans N13d could produce siderophores. This means that different A. pullulans strains from different marine environments have different physiological characteristics, which may be applied in many different biotechnological industries. 相似文献
14.
Gut microorganisms play an important role in the digestion of their host animals. The purpose of this research was to isolate and assess the enzyme-producing microbes from the Apostichopus japonicus gut. Thirty-nine strains that can produce at least one of the three digestive enzymes (protease, amylase, and cellulase) were qualitatively screened based on their extracellular enzyme-producing abilities. The enzyme-producing strains clustered into eight groups at the genetic similarity level of 100% by analyzing the restriction patterns of 16S rDNA amplified with Mbo I. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 37 strains belonged to the genus Bacillus and two were members of the genus Virgibacillus. Enzyme-producing capability results indicate that the main enzyme-producing microflora in the A. japonicus gut was Bacillus, which can produce protease, amylase, and cellulase. Virgibacillus, however, can only produce protease. The high enzyme-producing capability of the isolates suggests that the gut microbiota play an important role in the sea cucumber digestive process. 相似文献
15.
Totally more than 500 yeast strains were isolated from seawater, sea sediments, mud of sea salterns, marine fish guts and
marine algae. The results of routine and molecular biology identification methods show that nine strains among these marine
yeasts belong to Aureobasidium pullulans, although the morphologies of their colonies are very different. The marine yeasts isolated from different marine environments
indicate that A. pullulans is widely distributed in different environmental conditions. These Aureobasidium pullulans strains include A. pullulans 4#2, A. pullulans N13d, A. pullulans HN3-11, A. pullulans HN2-3, A. pullulans JHSc, A. pullulans HN4.7, A. pullulans HN5.3, A. pullulans HN6.2 and A. pullulans W13a. A. pullulans 4#2 could produce cellulase and single cell protein. A. pullulans N13d could produce protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase. Both A. pullulans HN3-11 and A. pullulans HN2-3 were able to produce protease, lipase and cellulase. A. pullulans JHSc could secrete cellulase and killer toxin. Both A. pullulans HN4.7 and A. pullulans HN5.3 could yield lipase and cellulase. A. pullulans W13a was able to secrete extracellular amylase and cellulase while A. pullulans HN4.7 and A. pullulans N13d could produce siderophores. This means that different A. pullulans strains from different marine environments have different physiological characteristics, which may be applied in many different
biotechnological industries. 相似文献
16.
Arctic sea ice in the polar region provides a cold habitat for microbial community. Arctic sea ice microorganisms are revealed to be of considerable importance in basic research and potential in biotechnological application. This paper investigated the culture condition and extraceIlular hydrolase of 14 strains of different Arctic sea ice bacteria. The results showed that optimal growth temperature of strains is 15 ℃ or 20 ℃. The optimal pH is about 8.0. They hardly grow at acid condition. 3 % NaCl is necessary for better growth. These strains have different abilities in producing amylase, protease, eellulase and lipase. Pseudoalteronomas sp. Bsi429 and Pseudoalteronomas sp. Bsi539 produced both cellulose, protease and lipase. These results provide a basis for further developing and exploiting the cold adapted marine enzyme resources. 相似文献
17.
以鱼粉和酪蛋白为蛋白源,添加鱼油、豆油、α-马铃薯淀粉、纤维素以及适量的维生素和矿物质配制成实验饲料,蛋白质质量分数设置41%、47%、53%3个水平,能量设置12 561、14 655、16 748 kJ/kg 3个水平,饲养点带石斑鱼幼鱼59 d后,以增重率、蛋白质效率、饲料系数为评价指标,分析不同能量蛋白比的饲料对点带石斑鱼体内消化酶活性的影响。结果表明:当能量蛋白比分别为31.30、33.50、32.26 kJ/g时,点带石斑鱼增重率、蛋白质效率达到极大值,饲料系数达到极小值;能量蛋白比在31.62～35.54 kJ/g范围内,胃、肠道的蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性较强。点带石斑鱼幼鱼配合饲料中合适的能量蛋白比为31.62～33.50 kJ/g。 相似文献
18.
【目的】探讨高淀粉饲料中添加精氨酸对松浦镜鲤(CyprinuscarpioL.)肠道消化酶活性及肠道形态的影响。【方法】选用初始体质量(6.84±0.02)g的松浦镜鲤360尾,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复18尾鱼。实验饲料分为5组,分别在45%水平的高淀粉饲料中添加质量分数0%、0.6%、1.2%、1.8%、2.4%的精氨酸,实验周期为8周,进行肠道消化酶和形态的测定。【结果】前、中、后肠的淀粉酶活性,各组之间没有显著差异(P> 0.05);添加2.4%精氨酸组的前肠脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组(P <0.05),中肠和后肠的脂肪酶活性各组间没有显著差异(P>0.05);前、中、后肠蛋白酶活性随精氨酸添加量的增加而增加,添加1.8%和2.4%精氨酸组的前肠和中肠蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),添加2.4%精氨酸组后肠的蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。高淀粉饲料中添加Arg显著影响了肠道皱襞高度,但对肠绒毛宽度和肌层厚度没有显著影响。2.4%精氨酸组前肠皱襞高度显著高于其他各组(P <0.05),1.8%精氨酸组中肠和后肠皱襞高度显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。1.2%、1.8%和2.4%组肠体指数显著高于对照组(P <0.05),2.4%精氨酸组肠长指数显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。各组前、中、后肠肠绒毛密度没有显著差异,且排列较整齐。【结论】高淀粉饲料中添加1.8%~2.4%精氨酸可以增加松浦镜鲤肠道消化酶活性,同时改善了松浦镜鲤的肠道形态结构。 相似文献