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1.
The widely used groundwater flow model MODFLOW offers a range of software packages to simulate the interaction between streams and groundwater in aquifer systems. However, these existing packages lack a general method to address the chaotic simulation sequences of stream segments and require these segments to be ordered by modelers as input to the code. Therefore, it is challenging to simulate a stream network divided into a large number of segments such as a canal irrigation system. In this study, the Streamflow Automatic Routing (SAR) package was developed, and an effective method is proposed to automatically determine the segment simulation sequence. The stream segment order in the SAR input file is arbitrary, which allows modifications of the stream network by removing segments directly and adding segments at the end of the segment group. This mainly includes two processes: scanning all the outlet channels of the water system and calling the recursive algorithm for each outlet channel of the water system. The SAR package was tested using a hypothetical stream–aquifer system and applied to a complex flow field in Aiding Lake of Turpan Basin, China. In the results, a close fitting between the simulation and observations shows that the SAR package precisely simulated the exchange flux between the steams and aquifer. The SAR package can significantly improve the efficiency of simulations in a complex stream network, and it can be widely used as a subroutine package of MODFLOW in agricultural irrigation areas where rivers and canals are interlaced. 相似文献
2.
MODFLOW中现有的降水补给数据和井流数据是基于每个剖分网格输入的,导致基于MODFLOW建立大区域水流数值模型前处理的降水补给文件和井流文件存储开销过大、读取效率低。为此,通过改进现有的降水补给子程序包RCH及开发新的子程序包RAW,给出了一种基于面状补排项的数据输入新方法。改进后的MODFLOW程序通过读取RCH文件或RAW文件中每个分区的补排量数据,以及每个网格对应的分区编号,在程序内部实现了补排量向每个模型网格的分配。RAW子程序包实现了多层面状补排量的表达,可用于面状的地下水开采、农业回灌等源汇项的处理。相对于原始的源汇项数据存储方式,基于新方法建立的华北平原地下水流模型,RCH及RAW文件大小分别减小为原来的1/145和1/255,整个模型数据的读取时间的加速比为7.46。 相似文献
3.
Visual MODFLOW是综合MODFLOW、MODPATH、MT3D、RT3D和WinPEST等地下水模型而开发的可视化地下水模拟软件，具有水的质点向前、向后示踪流线模拟、任意区域的水均衡、简化数值模拟数据前处理和后处理，将模拟的复杂性降到最小等特点。龙西地区是大庆油田新增水源地，使用Visual MODFLOW在该地区进行了地下水资源的模拟与预报，建立准三维模型，发现PCG2求解方法精确度最高。另外，把随机模型和MODFLOW模型相结合，解决了边界水位在计算中不断变化的问题。按照设计开采量对地下水水位进行预报，根据模型预报结果，水：原地设计开采量是可行的。Visual MODFLOW成功地运用于大庆龙西地区地下水资源的评价，操作简便，预报准确、可靠，说明具有很好的应用和推广前景。 相似文献
4.
地下水模拟技术是进行煤田地下水环境影响评价和矿区疏干排水设计的主要工具。该文以宁夏甜水河煤田为研究对象,根据矿区地质条件和水文地质条件的分析,确定模型边界条件并建立了水文地质概念模型,应用基于有限差分法的MODFLOW程序,建立地下水流三维模型,进而对煤田各开采阶段的地下水流场和涌水量进行预测,从而为煤田地下水有效防治和安全生产提供依据。 相似文献
5.
Jordan suffers from water scarcity and groundwater covers the majority of Jordan’s water supply. Therefore, there is an urgent need to manage this resource conscientiously. A regional numerical groundwater flow model, developed as part of a decision support system for the country of Jordan, allows for quantification of the overexploitation of groundwater resources and enables determination of the extent of unrecorded agricultural groundwater abstraction. Groundwater in Jordan is abstracted from three main aquifers partly separated by aquitards. With updated geological, structural, and hydrogeological data available in the country, a regional numerical groundwater flow model for the whole of Jordan and the southernmost part of Syria was developed using MODFLOW. It was first calibrated for a steady-state condition using data from the 1960s, when groundwater abstraction was negligible. After transient calibration using groundwater level measurements from all aquifers, model results reproduce the large groundwater-level declines experienced in the last decades, which have led to the drying out of numerous springs. They show a reversal of groundwater flow directions in some regions, due to over-abstraction, and demonstrate that documented abstractions are not sufficient to cause the observed groundwater-level decline. Only after considering irrigation water demand derived from remote sensing data, the model is able to simulate these declines. Illegal abstractions can be quantified and predictive scenarios show the potential impact of different management strategies on future groundwater resources. 相似文献
6.
考虑到模型不确定性引起的地下水数值模拟不确定性对模拟过程的影响,在简要介绍含水层水文地质参数变异性研究进展和地质统计学的基础上,基于常用的确定性地下水流数值模拟软件MODFLOW开发了MODFLOW-Gslib软件,相较于传统的数值模拟方法,将地质统计学与数值模拟结合的方法能够模拟非均质含水层中的参数变异性问题。将MODFLOW-Gslib软件运用于模拟实例中,选择常见的不确定性因素进行模拟,并对其模拟产生的数据进行统计分析,结果表明,软件转化后的参数符合水文地质参数不确定性的相关特征;与原模拟结果进行对比,该软件能够更加真实地刻画含水层参数变异性特征。 相似文献
7.
The primary aquifer on the Maputaland Coastal Plain in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is the principal source of water for rivers, lakes and most of the wetlands in dry periods, and is recharged by these systems in wet periods. Modelling hydrologic conditions that control regional water-table depth can provide insight into the spatial patterns of wetland occurrence and of the persistence of wet conditions that control their character. This project used a groundwater model (MODFLOW) to simulate 10-year water-table fluctuations on the Maputaland Coastal Plain from January 2000 to December 2010, to contrast the conditions between wet and dry years. Remote sensing imagery was used to map “permanent” and “temporary” wetlands in dry and wet years to evaluate the effectiveness of identifying the suitable conditions for their formation using numerical modelling techniques. The results confirm that topography plays an important role on a sub-regional and local level to support wetland formation. The wetlands’ extent and distribution are directly associated with the spatial and temporal variations of the water table in relation to the topographical profile. Groundwater discharge zones in the lowland (1–50 masl) areas support more permanent wetlands with dominantly peat or high organic soil substrates, including swamp forest and most of the permanent open water areas. Most temporary wetlands associated with low-percentage clay occurrence are through-flow low-lying interdune systems characterised by regional fluctuation of the water table, while other temporary wetlands are perched or partially perched. The latter requires a more sophisticated saturated-unsaturated modelling approach. 相似文献
8.
An accurate estimate of the groundwater inflow to a tunnel is one of the most challenging but essential tasks in tunnel design and construction. Most of the numerical or analytical solutions that have been developed ignore tunnel seepage conditions, material properties and hydraulic-head changes along the tunnel route during the excavation process, leading to inaccurate prediction of inflow rates. A method is introduced that uses MODFLOW code of GMS software to predict inflow rate as the tunnel boring machine (TBM) gradually advances. In this method, the tunnel boundary condition is conceptualized and defined using Drain package, which is simulated by dividing the drilling process into a series of successive intervals based on the tunnel excavation rates. In addition, the drain elevations are specified as the respective tunnel elevations, and the conductance parameters are assigned to intervals, depending on the TBM type and the tunnel seepage condition. The Qomroud water conveyance tunnel, located in Lorestan province of Iran, is 36 km in length. Since the Qomroud tunnel involved groundwater inrush during excavating, it is considered as a good case study to evaluate the presented method. The groundwater inflow to this tunnel during the TBM advance is simulated using the proposed method and the predicted rates are compared with observed rates. The results show that the presented method can satisfactorily predict the inflow rates as the TBM advances. 相似文献
9.
冻结滞水指因冬季的冻结作用在包气带冻土层内形成的季节性固态地下水。在冻结期间包气带水具有明显的倒置分带性：（１）冻结滞水带;（２）过渡水分带;（３）支持毛管水汽化输水带。冻结滞水含水率比冻结前一般增加２０％￣３０％,相当于给水度为０．０６的含水层中潜水位下降２．５４￣３．７４ｍ时给出的水量。冻结滞水是干旱、半干旱地区农、林、牧业生产持续发展的可贵的水资源之一。 相似文献
10.
The study area Hindon -Yamuna interfluve region is underlain by a thick pile of unconsolidated Quaternary alluvial deposits and host multiple aquifer system. Excessive pumping in the last few decades, mainly for irrigation, has resulted in a significant depletion of the aquifer. Therefore, proper groundwater management of Hindon-Yamuna interfluve region is necessary. For effective groundwater management of a basin it is essential that careful zone budget study should be carried out. Keeping this in view, groundwater flow modelling was attempted to simulate the behavior of flow system and evaluate zone budget. Visual MODFLOW, pro 4.1 is used in this study to simulate groundwater flow. The model simulates groundwater flow over an area of about 1345 km 2 with a uniform grid size of 1000 m by 1000 m and contains three layers, 58 rows and 37 columns. The horizontal flows, seepage losses from unlined canals, recharge from rainfall and irrigation return flows were applied using different boundary packages available in Visual MODFLOW, pro 4.1. The river — aquifer interaction was simulated using the river boundary package. Simulated pumping rates of 500 m 3/day, 1000 m 3/day and 1500 m 3/day were used in the pumping well package.The zone budget for the steady state condition of study area indicated that the total annual direct recharge is 416.10 MCM and the total annual groundwater draft through pumping is of the order of 416.63 MCM. Two scenarios were considered to predict aquifer system response under different conditions. Sensitivity analysis on model parameters was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the impact of varying model inputs. Based on the results obtained from the sensitivity analysis, it was found that the model is more sensitive to hydraulic conductivity and recharge parameter. Present study deals with importance of groundwater modelling for planning, design, implementation and management of groundwater resources. 相似文献
11.
Riparian groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) constitutes a major component of the water balance especially in many arid and semi-arid environments. Although spatial and temporal variability of riparian ETg are controlled by climate, vegetation and subsurface characteristics, depth to water table (DTWT) is often considered the major controlling factor. Relationships between ETg rates and DTWT, referred to as ETg curves, are implemented in MODFLOW ETg packages (EVT, ETS1 and RIP-ET) with different functional forms. Here, the sensitivity of the groundwater budget in MODFLOW groundwater models to ETg parameters (including ETg curves, land-surface elevation and ETg seasonality) are investigated. A MODFLOW model of the hypothetical Dry Alkaline Valley in the Southwestern USA is used to show how spatial representation of riparian vegetation and digital elevation model (DEM) processing methods impact the water budget when RIPGIS-NET (a GIS-based ETg program) is used with MODFLOW’s RIP-ET package, and results are compared with the EVT and ETS1 packages. Results show considerable impact on ETg and other groundwater budget components caused by spatial representation of riparian vegetation, vegetation type, fractional coverage areas and land-surface elevation. RIPGIS-NET enhances ETg estimation in MODFLOW by incorporating vegetation and land-surface parameters, providing a tool for ecohydrology studies, riparian ecosystem management and stream restoration. 相似文献
12.
GMS模型是应用广泛的地下水水文模拟系统。以昆山市某古镇为研究区域,采用GMS模型对其水文水质进行模拟研究。通过用概化方法建立水文地质概念模型和数学模型,用反演迭代方法矫正模型的主要参数等过程,分别用MODFLOW和MT3DMS模块模拟和预测了研究区水文水质状况和污染物迁移趋势。数据对比结果显示,模拟值与检测值基本一致,表明校正后的GMS模型能较好再现地下水流系统特征,并能应用于流域污染物扩散过程的模拟和预测中,对地下水污染物的迁移趋势进行分析,以便及时采取有效措施控制污染源。 相似文献
13.
矿坑涌水是矿山地下开采面临的首要问题,合理的涌水量预测方法是目前国内外研究的热点和难点所在。本文以湖南省道县铁锰矿Ⅱ矿体-50 m开采水平为例,利用有限差分数值方法对矿坑开采的涌水量进行模拟与分析。计算结果表明,涌水量主要来自于车子江的补给,但东部、南部、北部及降雨的补给量所占比例增大,说明Ⅱ矿体涌水量来源较广泛。综合分析,数值法所计算出的不同季节、不同雨强特征的涌水量,更符合矿区实际条件,模拟结果可以作为矿区开采设计的依据。 相似文献
14.
矿井涌水量预测对煤矿安全开采具有重要的指导依据。本文将锦东煤矿作为研究对象,利用地下水数值模拟软件MODFLOW建立数值模型,并对其进行识别验证,在合理可靠的模型基础上,对未开采和开采两种方案进行预测,对矿井涌水量组成进行分析。计算结果表明,锦东煤矿开采条件下,矿井涌水量为6 130 m3/d,主要由第四系潜水蒸发量、各泉集河溢流损失量和地下水储存量三部分组成。 相似文献
15.
矿井采煤对地下水环境的影响主要为对具有供水意义的含水层水位及水量产生影响,确定采煤引起地下水水位降及漏失量是煤矿地下水环境影响评价的关键。以纳林河矿区某大型矿井为例,运用Visual MODFLOW建立模拟区地下水流数值模型,利用实测流场和长观孔的动态观测资料识别和验证数值模型,利用模型来预测采煤对第四系-白垩系含水层水位及水量的影响。模拟结果显示:前25年采煤引起地下水最大水位降为3.6 m,引起地下水的漏失量最大为141.87万m^3/a,占矿井涌水量的29.88%;利用矿化度法确定的越流量占矿井涌水量的6.39%~34.89%,模拟结果基本合理,可作为矿井采煤对地下水环境影响的研究依据。 相似文献
16.
A large number of statistics indicate that water inrush has a direct relationship with geological structures such as fault
and karst collapse columns. Understanding the mechanism of water inrushes controlled by geologic structures is of vital importance
for adopting effective measures to prevent their occurrence. The work begins with formulization of a damage-based hydromechanical
model based on elastic damage theory. Next, the model is numerically implemented with finite element method by employing a
finite element package called COMSOL Multiphysics, and is also validated against some existing experimental observations.
Finally, the model is used to simulate the mining-induced groundwater inrushes when the effect of faults and karst collapse
columns is considered in the numerical simulation, and some suggestive conclusions for preventing water inrushes and optimizing
underground mining operations are drawn. 相似文献
17.
大南湖北露天煤矿首采区东南部需要揭露Ⅲ火烧岩区一部分,这使得烧变岩水成为露天煤矿矿井充水的主要水源。资源勘探阶段的水文地质资料表明,烧变岩区赋水空间发育、透水能力强,储存量非常可观,但由于受资源勘探阶段水文地质勘探工程量制约,水文地质条件未能详细查明,现有水文地质成果尚不能满足首采区对烧变岩水疏排设计的要求。对烧变岩地下水资源进行模拟开采性抽水试验,获取Ⅲ火烧区的水文地质参数,利用数值模拟的方法,运用MODFLOW软件建立了III火烧区地下水数值模型,并模拟计算出了Ⅲ火烧区地下水储存量。经验证,本次模拟所取得成果与煤矿实际情况相符,能够作为首采区矿坑疏排水设计依据。 相似文献
18.
在分析概化挠力河流域地质及水文地质条件的基础上,建立了研究区地下水流系统的三维数学模拟模型,运用Visual MODFLOW软件进行求解,并对研究区未来7年的地下水流场进行了预报。模型预报过程中用迭代逼近方法预报二类边界,用频谱分析法预报年降水量和地下水开采量,实现了随机模型与确定性模型相耦合。结果表明,研究区地下水多年平均补给量为20.9×10 8 m 3/a。从预报的等水位线图看出,按照预测的开采量进行开采,研究区的地下水位在预报期间略有下降,每年平均下降0.329 m。 相似文献
19.
本次以池南区污水处理厂为研究对象,通过分析其水文地质条件,结合建立的水文地质概念模型和地下水流数值模型,运用MODFLOW对池南区污水处理厂地下水水流及水质的影响进行模拟预测,从而针对可能产生的不利影响提出保护措施。 相似文献
20.
为探究新疆准东基地水源地地下水开采量可实行方案与地下水水位下降状况,采用Processing MODFLOW软件,对项目区进行地下水数值模拟研究。经过模拟流场形态与观测值以及对地下水动态进行拟合,提取地下水梯度场、降速场与实测资料进行对比分析。总结得出符合该地区地下水变化的地下水开采量方案。研究表明该水源地地下水开采实施方案符合该地区水资源长期发展。 相似文献
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