共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
参考既有研究，以5 km、15 km、30 km半径为界，将伦敦、纽约、东京、巴黎大都市区划分为四个空间圈层，开展同尺度对比分析。研究发现，大都市区人口分布形态较为多样化，而中心地区普遍经历了人口先扩散再回流的历程；就业主要建立在共有的强单中心模式基础上，新城规划建设的成功与否对中心-外围关系有显著影响，当前演化趋势是外围地区次中心提升与中心地区内部分化并行；职住空间组织模式分为以纽约为代表的“内外各自平衡”模式和其他大都市区的“圈层梯度平衡”模式。北京及其他发展中的国内大都市区应基于相同空间尺度和相近发展阶段，合理借鉴国际经验，同时为未来的长远发展留有调整余地。 相似文献
2.
分析国外城市化进程的三大特点及国外大都市周围新城规划发展的经验，结合浦东新区小城镇发展的现状特点和问题，阐述浦东新区小城镇发展应借鉴的经验，并提出浦东新区小城镇发展的模式和规划构想。 相似文献
3.
分析国外城市化进程的三大特点及国外大都市周围新城规划发展的经验。结合浦东新区小城镇发展的现状特点和问题，阐述浦东新区小城镇发展应借鉴的经验，并提出浦东新区小城镇发展的模式和规划构想。 相似文献
4.
国外大都市区规划体系评述 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
本文探讨了国外大都市区在规划编制中的一些最新做法和特点，包括规划负责机构、规划组织体系、规划编制大纲三个方面，并介绍了美国纽约、英国伦敦和日本近畿圈规划的特点。由于各国管理制度的差异性和大都市区组织结构的多样性，国外大都市区的规划呈现不同特点和效果。 相似文献
5.
黄小黎 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(5):109-112
该文阐述珠江三角洲人口迅速增长，原因在于人口基数大，城市规划的失控，“城市化”的急躁，农村人口政策难以落实。人口的激增导致资源的不足并造成环境问题和社会问题。根据人口容量预测，应控制人口数量和落实人口发展目标。建议对策为：1)制订合理的人口政策，依法实施计划生育；2)正确引导城市化进程，合理布局城乡人口；3)搞好社会福利保障，确保社会安定和稳定发展；4)加强教育。全面提高人口素质。 相似文献
6.
借鉴都市区概念,采用“六普”城乡统计口径,以区、县为基本单元,利用人口密度、城镇化率等指标界定了128个大都市区。其次,对2000~2010年中国大都市区人口规模结构和空间分布的特征及变动进行了研究。从规模结构上看,以大都市区人口表征的中国城市规模分布符合位序规模法则,且属于较为分散的类型,但斜率q从2000年的0.787提高到2010年的0.891,显示都市区的规模分布趋向集聚,且高等级都市区仍有一定发展空间。从空间分布上看,东部是中国大都市区的主要分布地带,且人口有进一步向该地区集聚的趋势,并形成了三大都市区连绵地区;中部地区都市区数量增加较多,但人口比重有所下降;西部地区大都市区发展最为滞后,都市区极化现象十分突出。最后就中国大都市区的发展提出了建议。 相似文献
7.
大都市政府和都市议会是发达国家对大都市区和都市连绵区进行宏观管理的重要机构，本文简要介绍了各种类型的大都市政府和都市议会的形成与发展，在此基础上提出了我国相应的宏观管理机构为城镇密集区政府和都市区规划局，最后，对我国城镇密集区规划管理的可行性与规划管理体系问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
8.
《地域研究与开发》编辑部 《地域研究与开发》2006,25(2):95-95
2005年12月30日，中国科学院院士、中国地理学会理事长、著名地理学家、国家“十一五”规划专家组成员、我所名誉所长陆大道先生应我所冯德显所长邀请到所作了题为“社会空间结构演变的趋势及大都市区发展问题”的学术报告。陆院士围绕中国区域发展的新因素和新格局，阐述了我国区域发展影响因素的变化、我国区域发展的新格局、我国大都市区和城市集聚区（带）的发展等学术前沿问题。 相似文献
9.
广州市社会空间结构的因子生态分析 总被引：87，自引：10，他引：87
本文用主成分分析和聚类分析方法对广州市社会空间结构进行因子生态分析。结果表明：人口密集程度、科技文化水平、工人干部比重，房屋住宅质量、家庭人口结构是形成广州社会区类型的五个主要因子；广州社会区的空间模式呈向东曳长的同心椭圆态势，城市发展的历史过程、城市用地布局和住房分配制度是影响这个空间模式形成的主导机制。 相似文献
10.
中国大都市区界定探讨——基于"五普"分县数据的分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
改革开放以来,中国城市化的快速发展为大都市区发展创造了条件,大都市区已成为我国城市化发展新的空间载体。对大都市区进行界定是大都市区研究的前提。本文提出以第五次人口普查数据为基础界定中国大都市区的简化方法,并对中国大都市区的发展情况进行了初步研究。 相似文献
11.
文章以河南信阳市为例,按照人与自然和谐和科学发展的理念,运用发展经济学、城市经济学和生态学等理论,从国家宏观生态政策和生态系统发展规律入手,全面分析了中部欠发达地区农村城镇化的现状及发展趋势;提出了"城镇生态化"概念;揭示了在我国中部经济欠发达地区的小康社会和社会主义新农村建设实践中生态化是方向、城镇化是手段的社会经济发展规律;并阐述了生态化和城市(镇)化之间在发展过程中的关系与作用机制,对中部地区全面建设小康社会具有重要的理论和实践价值. 相似文献
12.
This article explores the factors and mechanism driving the land-use conversion at regional level by developing and using
an econometric approach which is called the simultaneous equations model (SEM). A case study in Jiangxi Province of China
is conducted by establishing the SEM, which consists of three equations including agricultural production, land conversion
of cultivated land to built-up area and land conversion of cultivated land to forest cover/grassland from 1988 to 2005. And
then this paper employs the method of piecewise estimation to represent the influences of the factors such as population,
society, economy, location and geophysical conditions on the process of land-use conversion in Jiangxi Province. Estimation
results show that population is a predominant factor driving the land-use conversion at counties, while social and economic
factors are determinant factors in the short term for the entire Jiangxi Province. Specifically, the size of agricultural
population and the magnitude of agricultural input determine the agricultural production to a large extent; population size,
plain area proportion at counties and land management policies together affect the direction and magnitude of conversion between
cultivated land and built-up area; agricultural population proportion, terrain slope, grain production and non-agricultural
industry promote the conversion of cultivated land to forest cover/grassland. Furthermore, the explored mechanism also reveals
the underlying causes of the land use changes driven by a series of factors in Jiangxi Province. Finally, this paper concludes
that factors proven to play an important role in driving the land-use conversion need to be considered when the land management
agencies make out the land use planning to optimize the land use, expand the agricultural production, and conserve the cultivated
land. 相似文献
13.
This article explores the factors and mechanism driving the land-use conversion at regional level by developing and using an econometric approach which is called the simultaneous equations model (SEM). A case study in Jiangxi Province of China is conducted by establishing the SEM, which consists of three equations including agricultural production, land conversion of cultivated land to built-up area and land conversion of cultivated land to forest cover/grassland from 1988 to 2005. And then this paper employs the method of piecewise estimation to represent the influences of the factors such as population, society, economy, location and geophysical conditions on the process of land-use conversion in Jiangxi Province. Estimation results show that population is a predominant factor driving the land-use conversion at counties, while social and economic factors are determinant factors in the short term for the entire Jiangxi Province. Specifically, the size of agricultural population and the magnitude of agricultural input determine the agricultural production to a large extent; population size, plain area proportion at counties and land management policies together affect the direction and magnitude of conversion between cultivated land and built-up area; agricultural population proportion, terrain slope, grain production and non-agricultural industry promote the conversion of cultivated land to forest cover/grassland. Furthermore, the explored mechanism also reveals the underlying causes of the land use changes driven by a series of factors in Jiangxi Province. Finally, this paper concludes that factors proven to play an important role in driving the land-use conversion need to be considered when the land management agencies make out the land use planning to optimize the land use, expand the agricultural production, and conserve the cultivated land. 相似文献
14.
Spatial difference and mechanisms of influence of geo-economy in the border areas of China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Border areas are both important territorial security barriers and portals to the outside world. Considering the complicated geopolitical environment of China’s inland borders, analysis of the current status and mechanisms of influence of geo-economy in border areas is of great significance. Namely, this analysis is important towards leveraging traditional advantages to accelerate China’s development in border and minority areas. Based on a comprehensive analysis, our study constructed a framework to analyze the geo-economy in border areas, and also introduced three indexes: local economy, export-oriented economy and local development. In addition, our study systematically described geo-economic evolution in the border areas of China. We also analyzed the mechanism of geo-economic spatial differentiation in these border areas by using geographical detectors. Our results indicated that the level of geo-economic influence in border areas has grown steadily with significant spatial differentiation. The absolute geo-economic dominance of Northeast China gradually declines over time. Areas with geo-economic advantages are highly dispersed, showing a spatial polarization pattern with several polar nuclei including Mudanjiang city (Northeast China), Baotou city (Inner Mongolia), Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture (Xinjiang), Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture and the city of Chongzuo (Yunnan-Guangxi area). Geo-economics in border area is mainly influenced by national policies, the development level of neighboring countries, as well as the desire of these countries to cooperate with China in bilateral trade. Favorable policies, traffic, cultural proximity and other factors also impact the geo-economics of border areas significantly. The Inner Mongolia and Tibet areas are mainly influenced by neighboring countries, while Northeast China and Xinjiang are mainly affected by Chinese policies; the Yunnan-Guangxi area is influenced by a combination of these factors. At the end of the study, we provide our recommendations for developing policies that further geo-economic advantages in complex geopolitical environments and in areas with varied development. 相似文献
15.
《地理学报(英文版)》2017,(12)
Border areas are both important territorial security barriers and portals to the outside world. Considering the complicated geopolitical environment of China's inland borders, analysis of the current status and mechanisms of influence of geo-economy in border areas is of great significance. Namely, this analysis is important towards leveraging traditional advantages to accelerate China's development in border and minority areas. Based on a comprehensive analysis, our study constructed a framework to analyze the geo-economy in border areas, and also introduced three indexes: local economy, export-oriented economy and local development. In addition, our study systematically described geo-economic evolution in the border areas of China. We also analyzed the mechanism of geo-economic spatial differentiation in these border areas by using geographical detectors. Our results indicated that the level of geo-economic influence in border areas has grown steadily with significant spatial differentiation. The absolute geo-economic dominance of Northeast China gradually declines over time. Areas with geo-economic advantages are highly dispersed, showing a spatial polarization pattern with several polar nuclei including Mudanjiang city(Northeast China), Baotou city(Inner Mongolia), Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture(Xinjiang), Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture and the city of Chongzuo(Yunnan-Guangxi area). Geo-economics in border area is mainly influenced by national policies, the development level of neighboring countries, as well as the desire of these countries to cooperate with China in bilateral trade. Favorable policies, traffic, cultural proximity and other factors also impact the geo-economics of border areas significantly. The Inner Mongolia and Tibet areas are mainly influenced by neighboring countries, while Northeast China and Xinjiang are mainly affected by Chinese policies; the Yunnan-Guangxi area is influenced by a combination of these factors. At the end of the study, we provide our recommendations for developing policies that further geo-economic advantages in complex geopolitical environments and in areas with varied development. 相似文献
16.
湿地环境政策是与湿地保护有关的环境公共政策的简称。考虑了湿地环境政策的两类不可逆性,一是旨在降低湿地破坏的环境政策对社会施加了沉没成本(suck cost);二是湿地环境的破坏可能部分或完全不可逆。将P indyck构建的不确定条件下环境政策实施时机模型,结合湿地系统特点,经修正后引入到湿地环境政策分析中,并以红树林湿地环境政策为例,探讨了不确定性和不可逆性之间的相互作用以及它们对湿地环境政策设计和政策实施时机的影响,求出了湿地环境政策被采用时的临界点。结果表明,考虑了不可逆性和不确定性的湿地环境政策,可避免传统湿地环境政策的缺陷和局限,保障其有效实施和运行,因而对近年来国家或地区层面湿地环境政策的制订有理论和实践指导意义。 相似文献
17.
养老设施规划配置的关键应着眼于老年群体对养老服务的差异化需求及其动态变化特征。本文提出了基于多主体模拟的理论框架,并通过对前期研究的梳理,归纳出养老机构配置问题中需要考虑的老年人、养老机构等主体的时间变异和空间差异特征、其行为规则以及他们与环境之间的相互作用规律。在此基础上,以北京市为例构建了多主体微观模拟模型,对2010-2030年间养老机构需求与供给态势进行了预测,并讨论了养老设施布局的评估指标,通过设施利用率、百人床位数和空间匹配度等指标,对北京市养老服务设施的规划政策进行了评估。研究表明,多智能体模拟技术对把握人口动向及养老服务需求的不确定性和动态变化特征而言是一个十分有效的研究工具,能够很好地体现各种要素的空间属性。对于北京市的“9064”养老服务规划和养老设施专项规划的分析表明,如果仅仅对养老模式的分担比例和百人床位数进行控制,而忽视对空间布局的管控,养老机构床位空置率有可能出现继续上升的趋势,为此,必须制定城市中心区养老机构的比例,同时对养老机构的定价、选址和服务质量采取必要的管控措施。 相似文献
18.
京津冀地区人口规模调控政策参数化路径与系统模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
政策调控是实现区域社会经济均衡发展的主要手段,采用系统分析方法评估和预测政策实施效果是进行决策的重要依据。然而,当前政策制定存在目标指向性不具体、调控力度不明确、协同作用机制不清晰等问题,既阻碍了政策的有效落实,更无法开展政策实施效果分析和决策优化。其根本症结在于缺少能够量化具体的政策目标并精确指导区域管理对策的政策参数。本文提出了面向系统动力学(System Dynamic, SD)模拟的区域调控政策参数化路径。通过细化政策指标、量化政策参数和区间化调控范围等方法,将政策调控转变为系统变量形式,代入到政策交互作用的系统动力学模型中,实现对政策调控效果的模拟。本文以区域人口规模调控政策为切入点,选择京津冀地区为案例区进行实证研究。结果显示,面向系统动力学模拟的政策参数化方案很好地重现了区域人口规模政策调控过程,能有效提高调控政策实施的精确性和可操作度,并为区域调控政策的配置和优化提供理论和方法的支撑。 相似文献
19.
《Urban geography》2013,34(6):537-564
In the 1980s, China experienced a period of coexistence of reform policies with pre-reform policies. These coexisting policies played an influential role in the growth of Chinese cities. This paper seeks to examine the role of these various coexisting policies of the 1980s and to explore the underlying factors that affected the pattern of Chinese urban growth. Data for a random selection of 66 cities from mainland China and some 16 variables were tested and analyzed by both parametric and nonparametric statistics. The results of the statistical analyses suggest that pre-reform policy conflicted with reform policies of the 1980s and that the various policies acted as countervailing forces on Chinese urban growth. Small cities showed significant rapid growth, whereas super-large cities indicated slow growth. Industrial development was the dominant factor accountable for the rapid expansion of Chinese cities, whereas the balanced growth between the inner-city nonagricultural population and the built-up area was a result of the interplay of city planning policies. 相似文献
20.
极化还是均衡:重塑大国经济地理的战略选择——城市规模分布变化和影响因素的跨国分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
关于国家空间发展战略,经济学家主张要素向中国沿海发达地区自由流动,而城市和经济地理学家则认为应对不发达地区发展给予支持。本文以国家尺度的城市规模分布来测度经济地理格局和城市化空间结构,综合运用截面和面板双重估计方法,探索了国家经济地理格局与国家规模的关系。结论显示,在控制了其他因素后,表征国家规模的人口规模和国土面积与国家经济地理的均衡分布呈现显著正相关,即大国的经济地理倾向于多中心均衡布局。机制在于,经济中心的辐射半径不是无限的,地理或者更准确地说是距离对于生产力和城市化布局具有重要作用。此外,随着经济水平的提高,国家经济地理格局呈现先极化后均衡的演化趋势;城市化率和非农产业比重的提高以及稳定的政治环境同样也会促进国家经济地理格局向均衡方向发展。再考虑到国家安全、社会稳定的政治诉求和中国地大物博的既有现实,本文政策启示是,大国的经济地理和城市化格局应该走适度均衡发展之路,国家采取空间干预政策促进中国不发达地区的发展有其合理性和必要性。 相似文献